Please see Robin Davis' Github page . Download the files See the " Download ZIP " button toward the upper right.  Click it and save the folder to your desktop. Create a Twitter account for your bot Go to http://twitter.com and sign up for a new account of your choosing. Be sure to include your mobile number (required for using the API) Email address must be unique to Twitter users; try adding random periods in your Gmail address, if you have one Go to http://apps.twitter.com and create a new app This info isn't public so it can be messy Go to Keys and Access Tokens Create new access token Copy Consumer Key/Secret and Access Key/Secret to credentials.py Basic bot: mybot.py This script is a basic Twitter bot. It will tweet three things from a list inside the script.


Access Key/Secret to credentials.py Basic bot: mybot.py This script is a basic Twitter bot. It will tweet three things from a list inside the script. Access Key/Secret to credentials.py Basic bot: mybot.py This script is a basic Twitter bot. It will tweet three things from a list inside the script. Access Key/Secret to credentials.py Basic bot: mybot.py This script is a basic Twitter bot. It will tweet three things from a list inside the script.Right-click on mybot.py and select Edit with IDLE Take a look at the script; Robin and Mark will talk about what it's doing Select Run > Run Module from the window's menu bar Change it up! In tweetlist , add new things for your bot to tweet. Increase/decrease time between tweets in time.sleep(15) (15 is the number of seconds). Intermediate bot: mybot2.py This script sends out five tweets from the first five lines of an external .txt file. Right-click on mybot.py and select Edit with IDLE Right-click on twain.txt and open it in Notepad Take a look at both files; Robin and Mark will talk about what the script is doing Select Run > Run Module from the window's menu bar for mybot2.py Change it up! Go to http://gutenberg.org and choose a different text for your bot to tweet.


Run > Run Module from the window's menu bar for mybot2.py Change it up! Go to http://gutenberg.org and choose a different text for your bot to tweet. Run > Run Module from the window's menu bar for mybot2.py Change it up! Go to http://gutenberg.org and choose a different text for your bot to tweet. Run > Run Module from the window's menu bar for mybot2.py Change it up! Go to http://gutenberg.org and choose a different text for your bot to tweet.Download the file as "plain text" into the tutorial folder and open it in Notepad Remove junk at the beginning of the file Replace double linebreaks with single linebreaks with a find/replace In mybot2.py, replace twain.txt with the name of the new text file Make the bot send more or fewer tweets, or change which lines, by editing the numbers in for line in tweettext[0:5] . [0:5] means from the first thing up to (but not including) the fifth thing Advanced bot: mashup_madlib.py This script treats The Red Wheelbarrow as a mad-lib, filling in three blanks from two data sources: JSON files from @dariusk's collection of corpora . Advanced bot: respondingbot.py This script from Mark tweets a random line from a .txt file whenever @jasonchowbot tweets. Advanced bot: mashup_markov This script uses a Markov chain to create new sentences from another text, and tweets them.


empty link:
The databases you see on this page are just a small subset of all of the databases (collections of resources) available to you through the Graduate Center Library. See the full A-Z list to see all databases from every discipline. Population-specific

ERIC (EBSCO version): Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Education, ERIC provides access to education-related literature, covering journal articles, research reports, curriculum and teaching guides, conference papers, dissertations and theses, and books dating back to 1966. Contains abstracts and links to full text, when available. ERIC documents with ED numbers (but not EJ numbers) are available on microfiche on the second floor of the library from ED 000001 through ED 462533. Other ERIC documents may be available at the government's ERIC site.


n microfiche on the second floor of the library from ED 000001 through ED 462533. Other ERIC documents may be available at the government's ERIC site.ACS Style Guide: The ACS Style Guide: Effective Communication of Scientific Information (3rd Edition)  is a resource for authors, publishers, teachers and students on how to effectively communicate scientific information in chemistry and beyond. This title has information on how to write, review, submit, and edit scholarly and scientific manuscripts.

A print copy of this title is available at the Graduate Center

WAVE: accessibility checker

tool for checking accessibility of websites


manuscripts.

A print copy of this title is available at the Graduate Center

WAVE: accessibility checker

tool for checking accessibility of websitesGraduate Center Retrospective Dissertations, 1965-2013: Current CUNY students, faculty and staff can log in with their CUNYfirst credentials to access GC dissertations and capstones from 1965-2013. (Pre-2014 master's theses are available only in print). If you want to move your dissertation or capstone into the publicly accessible CUNY repository, Academic Works, email the GC Dissertation Office at deposit@gc.cuny.edu . Making your dissertation free to the public helps broaden the reach of your scholarship and supports CUNY's mission of public service.

CUNYfirst credentials: used to log into Blackboard, CUNY-wide electronic resources, and other services. More information about the various CUNY accounts: https://libguides.gc.cuny.edu/cuny_accounts .


numbered list styling:
1. From the Analyze menu, choose "Descriptive Statistics", and then click "Frequencies". The Frequencies dialog box should open. 2. Select the variable(s) you want to analyze. Click the arrow transfer button to move them into the Variables box. 3. Click OK. 2. Select the variable(s) you want to analyze. Click the arrow transfer button to move them into the Variables box. 3. Click OK. 1. From the Analyze menu, choose "Descriptive Statistics", and then click "Frequencies". The Frequencies dialog box should open.


Printing for Guests: Visitors to the GC Library have two ways to print. Both methods cost $0.15 per page and require a copy/print card, which can be purchased from a card vending machine near the Reference Desk. Buy the card with a $1 bill, then re-insert the card to add more value. Cards are reusable but not transferrable to other libraries. Printing to the guest printer: Visitors who are logged in to a library computer with a guest login (available at the Circulation and Reference Desks) may print to the guest printer on the 2nd floor. Report problems with the guest printer to the Reference Desk on the 2nd floor (212-817-7077 or ref@gc.cuny.edu ). Instructions: Click <Print> in whatever application you are using. (If the print icon doesn't work, go to File > Print.) When shown the printing options, select "Guest Printer" as the printer. (On a Mac, you may not be prompted to select a printer.) Go the guest printer to print the print job(s).


tions, select "Guest Printer" as the printer. (On a Mac, you may not be prompted to select a printer.) Go the guest printer to print the print job(s).tions, select "Guest Printer" as the printer. (On a Mac, you may not be prompted to select a printer.) Go the guest printer to print the print job(s).tions, select "Guest Printer" as the printer. (On a Mac, you may not be prompted to select a printer.) Go the guest printer to print the print job(s).The guest printer is on the 2nd floor of the library, east of the fancy elevators. Insert your copy/print card into the card reader. Click <Click Here to Print>. Enter your guest username (e.g., GCGuest4) and password. Click <Proceed>. A list of your print jobs will appear. Select the job(s) that you want to print. Click <Print>. Using the Print Release Station (PDF) Using the Print Release Station Printing via photocopier with a USB/Flash Drive: B&W and color printing is available on the photocopier on the second floor of the library.  To use this machine for printing, save documents to a USB flash drive as PDF, TIFF, or XPS files. Report problems with the photocopier to the Circulation Desk on the 1st floor (212.817.7083 or circ@gc.cuny.edu ). Print Files Stored on a USB Flash (Thumb) Drive Scan a Document to a USB Flash (Thumb) Drive (Store to USB) Xerox User Guide (PDF) User Guide to Xerox Copier


test tabbed box:
On-Site Access | Yes

Borrowing Privileges | CUNY-wide*

CLICS (Request Books from Other CUNY Libraries) | Yes

Loan Period | 16 weeks

Renewal Limit for GC Books and Other CUNY Books | 2

Database Access | On-site & off-site

Interlibrary Loan | Yes

Printing | Free

Special NYPL Borrowing Privileges | Yes

example link: description

more description

API | What it does | How is it accessed | Result format | Registration | Limitations (record numbers, fields accessible) | Contact for technical questions

arXiv API | Gives programmatic access to all of the arXiv data, search and linking facilities | API calls are made using any web-enabled client (e.g. a web browser) to make an HTTP GET or POST request to an appropriate url.  API users can use the programming language of their choice. | Atom | Free to use, no registration or API key required. | No stated limitations, but high-volume users should contact arXiv . | arXiv Google Group


| Atom | Free to use, no registration or API key required. | No stated limitations, but high-volume users should contact arXiv . | arXiv Google GroupBioMed Central API | Retrieves: 1) BMC Latest Articles; 2) BMC Editors picks; 3) Data on article subscription and access; 4) Bibliographic search data | RESTful interface, queries are made as HTTP GET requests | JSON | Free to access, no registration required. | No limitations at present. | info@biomedcentral.com

CORE API | gives programmatic access to metadata and full-text of millions of OA research papers | RESTful interface, queries are made as HTTP GET requests | JSON | Free to use, API key required. Register for API key . | Quota applied for query volume, details at https://core.ac.uk/services#ap i | theteam@core.ac.uk


ee to use, API key required. Register for API key . | Quota applied for query volume, details at https://core.ac.uk/services#ap i | theteam@core.ac.ukCrossRef REST API | Allows access to metadata records for over 75 million scholarly works that have CrossRef DOIs, covering around 5000 publishers.  Can be used for text- and data-mining , checking against funder mandates , and to obtain metadata in a variety of representations. | RESTful interface | JSON | No registration required. | No limitations at present. | labs@crossref.org

Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) API | Allows programmatic access to metadata in DPLA collections, including partner data from Harvard, New York Public Library, ARTstor, and others. | RESTful interface | Structured JSON-LD objects | Free to use; API key needed | No limitations at present | codex@dp.la ; Users can also submit issues to DPLA's Issue Tracker


uctured JSON-LD objects | Free to use; API key needed | No limitations at present | codex@dp.la ; Users can also submit issues to DPLA's Issue TrackerHathiTrust Bibliographic API | Returns bibliographic, rights, and volume information when given standard identifiers (ISBN, LCCN, OCLC, etc.) for items in the HathiTrust Digital Library. Intended for use to retrieve information about small numbers of items at a time. | RESTful interface | JSON, MARC-XML | No registration required. | No stated limitations but intended for use to retrieve information about small numbers of items at a time. | feedback@issues.hathitrust.org


equired. | No stated limitations but intended for use to retrieve information about small numbers of items at a time. | feedback@issues.hathitrust.orgHathiTrust Data API | Can be used to retrieve content (page images, OCR, and in some cases whole volume packages), and metadata for HathiTrust Digital Library volumes. | Two methods of access: via a Web client , requiring authentication (users who are not members of a HathiTrust partner institution must sign up for a University of Michigan "Friend" Account ), or programmatically using an access key that can be obtained at http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/kgs/request | XML, JSON, or binary representation | Varies depending whether access is via Web client (for members of HathiTrust partner institution), University of Michigan "Friend" Account , (for non-members), or using API key obtained at ttp://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/kgs/request | No stated limitations but is not meant for large-scale retrieval of data. | feedback@issues.hathitrust.org


tp://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/kgs/request | No stated limitations but is not meant for large-scale retrieval of data. | feedback@issues.hathitrust.orgIEEE Xplore XML Search API | Allows IEEE customers and 3rd parties such as federated search vendors to query the IEEE Xplore content repository and retrieve results for manipulation and presentation on local web interfaces | HTTP requests using structured URL queries | XML | Must be an IEEE customer (i.e. belong to an institution that subscribes to IEEE Xplore). Contact onlinesupport@ieee.org to receive API user guide. | Maximum of 200 results may be retrieved in a single query.  A query term can only contain a maximum of 10 words. | onlinesupport@ieee.org


Why You Might Use Text to Speech Tools?:
You might want to try to text-to-speech (or read aloud) tools to: Increase comprehension Listening while reading along can help with comprehension. Rest If your eyes get tired or too much reading triggers headaches, audio might be helpful. Enable multitasking You can multitask and/or listen while in transit. Check your writing Listening to your own writing can help you identify errors, missing words, typos, etc. Facilitate your learning style Auditory learners may prefer audio to text.


By Text Type:
Adobe Acrobat Reader Natural Reader There is a free option.


Student Disability Services:
Additionally, Student Affairs disability services provide and support equal access to all programs, services, and activities of the Graduate Center and the University for Graduate Center students with disabilities. Learn more about accessibility and assistive technologies .


Librarian:
Stephen Klein is available for research consultations. Make a consultation appointment with Stephen or email him .


Introduction:
This guide introduces essential resources and research approaches for history students and researchers, featuring key materials available through the Mina Rees Library that are especially valuable for historical research. Our E-Research Basics guide introduces  the basics of performing online research through the Mina Rees Library. You'll find information about logging in for remote access, deciding on and searching within a database, locating specific articles and doing broad exploratory searches, determining whether the GC has access to a particular journal, and more. The GC Library ILL team can get you information from other libraries, help you access locally available information, and connect you to free online resources. ILL is usually fast (unless it is rare or from far away...but we can still often get those items, too) and always easy and worth a try! Make a GC Library ILL Request and read the GC Library Blog about ILL .


General Library Resources:
Graduate Center Library Website: Starting point for finding books, articles, journals, databases, interlibrary loan, electronic reference, and more

OneSearch: OneSearch combines many initial searches into one interface: it includes print books from all CUNY libraries; Graduate Center ebooks; a massive index of articles from journals, magazines, and newspapers; Graduate Center course reserves; dissertations at CUNY and beyond; and unique digital content.

Interlibrary Loan: Need an article from a journal not at the Graduate Center? Need a book that not available from any CUNY library? Go here to submit an interlibrary loan request.

24/7 E-mail and Chat Reference: Use this service to ask questions at any time. Email questions will be answered by Graduate Center librarians. Chat questions may be answered by librarians at other institutions.


Off-Campus Access Problems?:
If you are unable to log into GC library databases with CUNY Login credentials, try using your GC Network Account credentials. You can also try CUNY e-resources as a backup. This smaller collection of databases provides access with your CUNY Login credentials. Use the password reset tool or contact IT Services to resolve account issues and regain access to all GC databases.


NYPL Resources:
NYPL's Article Plus search provides helps you discover online journals, books, and more. It searches content held in many different databases, so you can get started searching faster.


Looking for a Specific Journal?:
Use our journal title search tool to see whether the library has access to a particular title, and what date ranges our subscriptions cover. The Graduate Center Library welcomes journal subscription suggestions from the Graduate Center community. The library will carefully consider requests that are consistent with our Collection Policy . You are welcome to suggest a journal subscription .


Core Databases:
Accessible Archives: Full-text access to 18th and 19th century American newspapers, magazines, books, and other publications. Collections include African American newspapers, Civil War publications, anti-slavery periodicals, early women’s magazines, a collection of women’s suffrage periodicals, and publications by Frederick Douglass, Harriet Tubman, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony and more. Over 170 books and more than 70 journals are included.

African American Historical Serials Collection via NYPL: Please log in using your New York Public Library credentials! Documents the history of African American life and religious organizations from materials published between 1829 and 1922. Over 170 titles from 75 different institutions are fully text-searchable.


and religious organizations from materials published between 1829 and 1922. Over 170 titles from 75 different institutions are fully text-searchable.America: History & Life: Abstracts of articles covering the history and culture of the United States and Canada, from prehistory to the present. The database indexes 1,700 journals from 1964 to present and includes citations and links to book and media reviews.

American Antiquarian Society (AAS) Historical Periodicals Collections: A collection of over 7500 digitized American periodicals published from the 17th century through the late 19th century.  The Graduate Center subscribes to the five series which cover all aspects of American society, including science, medicine, literature, politics, the history of slavery, the Civil War, Westward expansion, industry and professions, agriculture, religion, fashion, family life, culture and the arts, and more.


of slavery, the Civil War, Westward expansion, industry and professions, agriculture, religion, fashion, family life, culture and the arts, and more.American Civil War: Letters and Diaries: Contains 2,009 authors and approximately 100,000 pages of diaries, letters and memoirs from the Civil War. Includes 4,000 pages of previously unpublished manuscripts such as the letters of Amos Wood and his wife and the diary of Maryland planter William Claytor. The collection also includes biographies, an extensive bibliography of the sources in the database, and material licensed from The Civil War Day-by-Day by E.B. Long.  Search or browse by Title, Historical Event, Subject, Name, Place, Content Type, or Publisher.

Archives of Latin American and Caribbean History, Sixteenth to Twentieth Century: Offers 33 archival collections related to issues and events in Latin American and Caribbean history. Provides original manuscripts, signed letters, expedition records, reports, maps, diaries, descriptions of voyages, and ephemera sourced from the United States and Europe.


uscripts, signed letters, expedition records, reports, maps, diaries, descriptions of voyages, and ephemera sourced from the United States and Europe.Bibliography of Indigenous Peoples via NYPL: Please log in using your New York Public Library credentials! Citations to literature about native peoples of North America, including Aleuts; Eskimos or Inuit of Greenland, northern Canada, Alaska, and eastern Siberia; and other native peoples of Canada, the United States, and Mexico north of the northern boundary of Mesoamerica.

Cambridge Histories Online: First published in 1902, Cambridge Histories span subject areas across the humanities and social sciences. The GC’s subscription includes over 400 titles in American History; Ancient & Classical Studies; Asian History, British & European History; Global History, Literature, Middle East & African Studies, Music & Theatre; Philosophy & Political Thought; and Religion. **GC-subscribed Cambridge content is discoverable in CUNY OneSearch .


African Studies, Music & Theatre; Philosophy & Political Thought; and Religion. **GC-subscribed Cambridge content is discoverable in CUNY OneSearch .Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers: This site from the Library of Congress includes a searchable directory containing information on more than 150,000 newspapers published in the U.S. since 1690.  It also includes searchable digitized images of 3,600 selected local and regional newspapers published from 1777 to 1963, including more than 20 New York papers.

Communist Historical Newspaper Collection via NYPL: Please log in using your New York Public Library credentials! The collection provides full-text access to major American communist newspapers: The Daily Worker (1924-1958); The Ohio Socialist (1917-1919); People's Daily World (1986-1990); People's Weekly World (1990-2013); Sunday Worker (1936-1958); The Toiler (1919-1922); The Worker (1922-1924); The Worker (1958-1968).


rld (1986-1990); People's Weekly World (1990-2013); Sunday Worker (1936-1958); The Toiler (1919-1922); The Worker (1922-1924); The Worker (1958-1968).Criminal Justice Database: Indexes over 620 international criminal justice publications from 1981 to the present, with full text for more than half of the titles. Supports research on crime, corrections administration, criminal law, criminal justice, law enforcement, addiction, family law, industrial security, and rehabilitation. Includes correctional and law enforcement trade publications, dissertations, crime reports, and crime blogs.

Current Biography Illustrated via NYPL: Please log in using your New York Public Library credentials! Full text of Current Biography magazine.

Economist Historical Archive: 1843-2020: Historical archive of The Economist from 1843 to 2020 covering political, business, scientific, technological, and cultural issues around the world. Search across the archive or browse complete issues by date. Use the Journals tab to identify databases containing recent issues.


es around the world. Search across the archive or browse complete issues by date. Use the Journals tab to identify databases containing recent issues.Ethnic NewsWatch (and Ethnic NewsWatch: A History): This resource contains full-text of over 500 newspapers, magazines, and journals of the ethnic and minority press. Includes Ethnic NewsWatch , which covers 1990 to the present, and Ethnic NewsWatch: A History , which includes materials dating back to 1959 and provides historical coverage of Native American, African American, and Hispanic American periodicals from 1959-1989. Publications are in a wide variety of languages including English, Spanish, French, Portuguese, Creole, Inuktitut, Russian, Hindi, Japanese, Arabic, and others.


ns are in a wide variety of languages including English, Spanish, French, Portuguese, Creole, Inuktitut, Russian, Hindi, Japanese, Arabic, and others.Gateway to North America: People, Places, and Organizations of 19th-Century New York via NYPL: Please log in using your New York Public Library credentials! A collection of historical directories, member lists, and other name-rich sources, focusing on New York City during the long 19th century. Documents are fully text-searchable and originate from the print collection of the New-York Historical Society. Other categories of documents include maps, illustrated advertisements, burial lists, and gazetteers. Dates of Coverage: 1789-1914.

HAPI: Hispanic American Periodicals Index: HAPI indexes 400+ journals and includes the contents of 700+ journals published around the world on Latin America and the Caribbean since 1967. Includes over 335,000 citations and more than 170,000 links to full text articles covering political, economic and social issues along with the arts and humanities. Search using English, Spanish, or Portuguese.


to full text articles covering political, economic and social issues along with the arts and humanities. Search using English, Spanish, or Portuguese.Historical Abstracts: Historical Abstracts covers the history of the world (excluding the U.S. and Canada) from 1450 to the present, including world history, military history, women's history, the history of education, and more. Indexes more than 2,300 academic historical journals in over 40 languages from 1955 to the present. Includes links to full text, where available.

Humanities International Complete via NYPL: Please log in using your New York Public Library credentials! This database includes all data from Humanities International Index (more than 2,200 journals and 2.8 million records) plus unique full-text content, much of which is not found in other databases. The database includes full text for nearly 1,200 journals. Sources include scholarly journals and numerous specialized magazines covering archaeology, classical studies, dance, journalism, linguistics, performing arts, philosophy, theology and more. Indexing begins in 1984, and abstracting starts in 1994.


ical studies, dance, journalism, linguistics, performing arts, philosophy, theology and more. Indexing begins in 1984, and abstracting starts in 1994.Irish Historical Newspapers: Nearly 300 years of Irish newspapers, from 1738 to 2004, from all parts of Ireland. Includes 16 essential regional and national papers, with deep coverage of culture, society, daily life, and major Irish and global events.

Left Index: Guide to the literature of the left, with an emphasis on political, economic, social and culturally engaged scholarship inside and outside academia. Topics covered include art and aesthetics, ecology and environment, education, history, the labor movement, law and globalization, philosophy, race and ethnicity, social and cultural theory, and sociology. Includes more than 507,000 citations and abstracts (with some full text) and spans from 1982 and earlier to present.


d cultural theory, and sociology. Includes more than 507,000 citations and abstracts (with some full text) and spans from 1982 and earlier to present.Manuscript Women's Letters and Diaries: Over 102,000 pages of personal writings by American women of the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries drawn from the holdings of the American Antiquarian Society. The manuscripts date from 1750 to 1950 and include letters and diary entries of ordinary women that document their daily lives, and those of more well-known women such as Annie Sullivan, the teacher of Helen Keller; Ellen Tucker Emerson, daughter of Ralph Waldo Emerson, who describes life in Concord during the Civil War; and Abby Kelley Foster, an abolitionist and advocate for women’s rights.


r of Ralph Waldo Emerson, who describes life in Concord during the Civil War; and Abby Kelley Foster, an abolitionist and advocate for women’s rights.NBER Working Papers: Founded in 1920, the National Bureau of Economic Research is a private, nonprofit, nonpartisan research organization dedicated to promoting a greater understanding of how the economy works. NBER research studies present data and findings but do not make policy recommendations. Free NBER publications that are also available online include: NBER Bulletin on Aging and Health NBER Digest — Non-technical summaries of 4-8 working papers per month NBER Reporter — News about the Bureau and its activities

New York Review of Books: Full text of all New York Review of Books content from the first issue in 1963 to the present. Browse by year or issue or search across the archive by article title, author, book, contributor, or subject.


the first issue in 1963 to the present. Browse by year or issue or search across the archive by article title, author, book, contributor, or subject.New York State Historic Newspapers: Over 11 million pages from newspapers published in New York State between 1725 and 2020. The newspapers on the website are either in the public domain (any papers published before January 1, 1924) or have been cleared for use by the original copyright holders for members of the public for noncommercial, educational, and research purposes.


1924) or have been cleared for use by the original copyright holders for members of the public for noncommercial, educational, and research purposes.Nineteenth (19th) Century British Newspapers: The GC’s subscription includes Parts I and II, comprised of 69 titles published between 1800 and 1900, selected by the British Library to best represent 19th century Britain. Includes national and regional newspapers, as well as those from both established country or university towns and the industrial powerhouses of the manufacturing Midlands, as well as Scotland, Ireland and Wales. Also includes newspapers that helped lead particular political or social movements such as Reform, Chartism, and Home Rule. The penny papers aimed at the working and clerical classes are also present.


ar political or social movements such as Reform, Chartism, and Home Rule. The penny papers aimed at the working and clerical classes are also present.Oxford History of Western Music: The Oxford History of Western Music online offers an evolution of Western classical music by one of the most prominent and provocative musicologists of our time, Richard Taruskin. The online version includes all 1.25 million words, 500 images, and 1,800 musical examples from the updated paperback edition with sophisticated search and browse functionality designed to maximize the dynamic possibilities of online reading and research. Taruskin’s text is accompanied by editorially selected links to relevant articles in Oxford Art Online.

Political Science Database: Full text of more than 750 political science, public policy, and international relations journals, most of which are indexed in Worldwide Political Science Abstracts. Also includes thousands of recent full-text doctoral dissertations on political science topics, working papers, conference proceedings, country reports, policy papers and other sources. Coverage spans 1985 to the present.


olitical science topics, working papers, conference proceedings, country reports, policy papers and other sources. Coverage spans 1985 to the present.Roper iPoll (formerly Roper Center Archives): The world’s largest collection of poll data from 1935 to present.  Contains hundreds of thousands of questions and tens of thousands of individual-level datasets, with hundreds more added yearly. Includes broad topical coverage of opinions and behavior on social issues, politics, the environment, science and technology, health, economics, and more.  It also includes global data from over 120 countries, and historical archives that feature questions on topics such as World War II, the civil rights movement, and women’s history, along with a general social survey with cumulative data from 1972-2016 featuring a standard core of demographic and attitudinal variables. Access through the Graduate Center Library enables you to view poll questions, save up to 50 questions, search abstracts and download documentation.


. Access through the Graduate Center Library enables you to view poll questions, save up to 50 questions, search abstracts and download documentation.. Access through the Graduate Center Library enables you to view poll questions, save up to 50 questions, search abstracts and download documentation.. Access through the Graduate Center Library enables you to view poll questions, save up to 50 questions, search abstracts and download documentation.Create a free personal account to download datasets, save up to 500 questions at once, and use the RoperExplorer analytical tool with crosstabs functionality. Users who have accounts on the old "classic" Roper iPoll website will need to register again on the new site. Learn more about how to use Roper iPoll online: Roper Tutorials .


n the old "classic" Roper iPoll website will need to register again on the new site. Learn more about how to use Roper iPoll online: Roper Tutorials .Sabin Americana, 1500-1926: An online collection based on Joseph Sabin’s famed bibliography, Bibliotheca Americana: A Dictionary of Books Relating to America From its Discovery to the Present Time .  Contains 65,000 books, pamphlets, newspapers, political tracts, sermons, maps, legislation, and literature about the Americas, from the time of their discovery to the early 1900s. Sabin features original accounts of discovery and exploration, pioneering and westward expansion, the U.S. Civil War and other military actions, Native Americans, slavery and abolition, politics, culture, contemporary opinions, religious history, and more. Covers North, Central, and South America, and the Caribbean.


ery and abolition, politics, culture, contemporary opinions, religious history, and more. Covers North, Central, and South America, and the Caribbean.Seventeenth-Eighteenth (17th-18th) Century Burney Collection Newspapers: The newspapers, pamphlets, and books gathered by the Reverend Charles Burney (1757-1817) represent the largest and most comprehensive collection of early English news media. The present digital collection, charting the development of the concept of news, newspapers, and the free press, totals almost one-million pages and contains approximately 1,270 titles.


rting the development of the concept of news, newspapers, and the free press, totals almost one-million pages and contains approximately 1,270 titles.Slavery in America and the World: History, Culture & Law: This collection includes every U.S. federal, state and colony statute passed on slavery, all reported state and federal judicial cases on slavery, Congressional debates from the Continental Congress to 1880, more than a thousand books and pamphlets from the 19th century, including essays and articles in obscure journals. The growing collection also includes modern histories of slavery, modern law review articles on the subject, and an extensive bibliography. Much of the secondary source material in the collection is based on the holdings of the Buffalo Public Library's rare book collection. See the Comprehensive Users Guide for full search details.


e collection is based on the holdings of the Buffalo Public Library's rare book collection. See the Comprehensive Users Guide for full search details.TLS: Times Literary Supplement Historical Archive, 1902-2019: An international publication with contributors from around the world covering literature and criticism, history, science, politics, and art.  Includes every issue of TLS from 1902 through 2019, which can be searched or browsed by book title, author, book editor, translator, or contributor (reviewer, essayist, or illustrator). Print issues of TLS from 1963 to 1974 and from 2020 to the present are shelved by title in the library’s periodical collection on the second floor of the library.


of TLS from 1963 to 1974 and from 2020 to the present are shelved by title in the library’s periodical collection on the second floor of the library.TRACFed: TRACFed is a source of authoritative information on federal government criminal, civil, and administrative enforcement, as well as information on staffing, spending, and related matters. It includes access to TRAC's full suite of data tools and reports (with the exception of the Judge Information Center) and offers a wide range of federal data, mostly collected under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). Read more in our GC Library blog post about TRACFed .

U.S. Declassified Documents Online: Declassified executive branch documents from presidential libraries and executive agencies consisting of intelligence studies, policy papers, diplomatic correspondence, cabinet meeting minutes, briefing materials, and domestic surveillance and military reports.  This digital collection began as the Declassified Documents Reference System (DDRS) on microfiche and fills a gap in post-World War II domestic and foreign policy studies.


on began as the Declassified Documents Reference System (DDRS) on microfiche and fills a gap in post-World War II domestic and foreign policy studies.U.S. History in Context: Content includes reference works, millions of news and periodical articles, and more than 5,000 rare and vital primary source documents that range from slave journals to presidential papers.

Women's Studies Archive (All Search): Search all four modules of the Women's Studies Archive at once. The WSA consists of 52 collections of manuscripts, organizational records, periodicals, and monographs relating to women's history from across the globe and from a wide range of sources. Focusing on the evolution of feminism throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the WSA covers women's political activism, including suffrage, birth control, pacifism, civil rights, and socialism, and women's voices in literature and periodicals. The WSA Collections are divided into four modules which may be searched together or separately: Female Forerunners Worldwide Issues and Identities Rare Titles from the American Antiquarian Society, 1820-1922 Voice and Vision


gether or separately: Female Forerunners Worldwide Issues and Identities Rare Titles from the American Antiquarian Society, 1820-1922 Voice and VisionWorld History in Video: More than 1,750 documentaries exploring human history from the earliest civilizations to the late twentieth century.


General Databases:
Academic OneFile: Provides full-text articles in all subject areas from over 19,000 scholarly journals and other authoritative sources as well as thousands of podcasts and transcripts from NPR (National Public Radio) and CNN, and videos from BBC Worldwide Learning.  Subjects covered include biology, chemistry, criminal justice, economics, environmental science, history, marketing, political science, and psychology.

Academic Search Complete: A multi-disciplinary database with more than 8,500 full-text periodicals, including more than 7,300 peer-reviewed journals.  In addition to full text, the database includes indexing and abstracts for more than 12,500 journals and more than 13,200 publications, such as monographs, reports, conference proceedings, etc.  While full text is available as far back as 1887 for a few titles, the text of most titles is available only for the past decade or two.


edings, etc.  While full text is available as far back as 1887 for a few titles, the text of most titles is available only for the past decade or two.Annee philologique: Bibliographic database of scholarly works relating to all aspects of Ancient Greek and Roman civilizations.  Includes all volumes of the annual index beginning with Volume 1 published in 1928.  Covers Greek and Latin literature and linguistics, Greek and Roman history, art, archaeology, philosophy, religion, mythology, music, science, and scholarly subspecialties such as numismatics, papyrology and epigraphy. Abstracts of journal articles are in English, German, Spanish, French or Italian. Books entries often include tables of contents and book review information.

Anthropological Index Online: AIO indexes nearly 800 journals published in more than 40 languages held in the British Museum's Anthropology Library.  Records span 1957 to the present and cover all branches and areas of anthropology, including archaeology, cultural ethnography, linguistics, and physical anthropology.


to the present and cover all branches and areas of anthropology, including archaeology, cultural ethnography, linguistics, and physical anthropology.AnthroSource: Current issues of the American Anthropological Association's journals and bulletins as well as archived issues of all the AAA's journals, newsletters and bulletins.  Part of Wiley Online Library.


l Association's journals and bulletins as well as archived issues of all the AAA's journals, newsletters and bulletins.  Part of Wiley Online Library.ARTFL: A collection of digitized resources on the French language developed through a collaboration between the French government and the University of Chicago.  The main database, ARTFL-FRANTEXT, consists of more than 3,500 French language texts spanning the 12th through the 20th centuries, and ranging from classic works of literature to non-fiction prose and technical writing.  Additional subscription databases contain texts related to specific genres and writers, such as dictionaries, novels, Provençal poetry, histories of the French Revolution, 19th century French literary and artistic criticism, philosophical works, and ancient French texts.  Also includes nearly two dozen open access databases covering a wide range of topics, including 18th and 19th century encyclopedias, French revolutionary newspapers, pamphlets, and laws, classical French theatre, and online editions of the works of Voltaire, Rousseau, Montaigne, and others.


evolutionary newspapers, pamphlets, and laws, classical French theatre, and online editions of the works of Voltaire, Rousseau, Montaigne, and others.evolutionary newspapers, pamphlets, and laws, classical French theatre, and online editions of the works of Voltaire, Rousseau, Montaigne, and others.evolutionary newspapers, pamphlets, and laws, classical French theatre, and online editions of the works of Voltaire, Rousseau, Montaigne, and others.Select “Subscription Databases” or “Public Access” for details.


theatre, and online editions of the works of Voltaire, Rousseau, Montaigne, and others.Select “Subscription Databases” or “Public Access” for details.Full text of 600 publications related to visual and applied arts. Titles include both scholarly peer-reviewed journals and selected trade and consumer titles relevant to applied arts and cultural studies. Subject strengths include art, design, crafts, and photography; archaeology, anthropology and classical studies; architecture, interior design, and urban planning; history, philosophy, geography and religion; modern languages and literatures; and music, theatre, film and cultural studies.

HathiTrust Digital Library: Millions of books digitized by a variety of major research institutions. See this post for more information about public domain items available to all via HathiTrust .


digitized by a variety of major research institutions. See this post for more information about public domain items available to all via HathiTrust .Humanities Source: Over 1,500 full-text journals dating back to 1907.  Includes millions of records covering archaeology, art, communications, dance, film, folklore, history, journalism, linguistics, literary and social criticism, classical studies, area studies and gender studies. Should be included in any humanities search.

Index to Jewish Periodicals via NYPL: Please log in using your New York Public Library credentials! Index to Jewish Periodicals is the definitive index on Jewish history, activity and thought. This database provides a comprehensive guide to English-language articles, book reviews, and feature stories in more than 160 journals devoted to Jewish affairs.


se provides a comprehensive guide to English-language articles, book reviews, and feature stories in more than 160 journals devoted to Jewish affairs.Journal Citation Reports: Presents an array of citation-based metrics for journals indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection. Provides Journal Impact Factor (i.e., average number of citations in a given year to articles published by that journal in the previous two years, averaged over the number of articles published in those two years) for many but not all covered journals. Search or browse the database by journal (title or ISSN), subject category, or publisher. Compare metrics for up to four journals simultaneously.


als. Search or browse the database by journal (title or ISSN), subject category, or publisher. Compare metrics for up to four journals simultaneously.JSTOR: A digital library containing journals, books, images, and primary sources. The GC’s subscription includes JSTOR’s Arts and Sciences I-XII collections of scholarly journals across the social sciences and humanities. Coverage begins with the first issue of almost every journal and continues through varying periods within the last five years. Also included are more than 700 freely accessible collections of illustrations, letters, literary documents, newspapers, magazines, photographs, postcards, and yearbooks; open access alternative press publications from the latter half of the 20th century; and thousands of research reports. 3+ million images in Artstor are also now discoverable in JSTOR. Browse content by subject, title, or collection, or search across the full resource. Register for a free personal account to save materials and organize your work.


t by subject, title, or collection, or search across the full resource. Register for a free personal account to save materials and organize your work.LGBTQ+ Source: Full text from over 150 LGBTQi (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, Questioning and Intersex) journals, magazines, and newspapers and over 150 books. The database includes comprehensive indexing and abstract coverage as well as a specialized LGBTQ+ Thesaurus containing over 10,000 terms.

Loeb Classical Library: Harvard University Press presents an interconnected, fully searchable, growing, virtual library of Greek and Latin literature. Epic and lyric poetry; tragedy and comedy; history, travel, philosophy, and oratory; the great medical writers and mathematicians; up-to-date texts and accurate English translations. More than 520 volumes of Latin, Greek, and English texts.


reat medical writers and mathematicians; up-to-date texts and accurate English translations. More than 520 volumes of Latin, Greek, and English texts.Oxford Academic: A new unified platform for Oxford University Press’s journals and many of its academic book collections that allows cross searching and browsing of content.  Browse or search across all content or just within Journals, Books, or Subjects.  Limit results to subscribed materials by filtering for Purchased Content, Open Access, and/or Free items.   Available titles may be found in OneSearch . For other disciplines, check availability via the New York Public Library remotely.

Oxford Bibliographies: Bibliographies in American literature, Anthropology, Atlantic history, Cinema and Media Studies, Classics, Education, International Relations, Islamic studies, Latin American studies, Linguistics, Medieval Studies, Music, Philosophy, Political Science, Psychology, the Renaissance and Reformation, and Victorian Literature. Bibliographies are drawn from books, journals, and internet resources.


Science, Psychology, the Renaissance and Reformation, and Victorian Literature. Bibliographies are drawn from books, journals, and internet resources.Oxford Journals: Full collection of journals published by Oxford University Press covering the Arts & Humanities, Law, Medicine & Health, Science & Mathematics, and the Social Sciences.

Project Muse: The CUNY and Graduate Center subscriptions provide access to the full text of nearly 400 journals in the humanities, social sciences, and sciences along with over 70,000 e-books and 4,600 open access books.  Select “Browse All Muse” and filter by Access type “Only content I have access to” to see subscribed and OA content. Or look for the green check mark and OA icons that appear next to accessible titles when searching across the platform. E-books are also available via the separate link to Project Muse E-Books .

Project Muse (including Ebooks) via NYPL: Please log in using your New York Public Library credentials! The New York Public Library's Project Muse offerings include ebooks that can be downloaded as PDFs by chapter.


ur New York Public Library credentials! The New York Public Library's Project Muse offerings include ebooks that can be downloaded as PDFs by chapter.Social Sciences Index Retrospective: 1907-1983: Indexes hundreds of important journals in the social sciences. Subject coverage Includes addiction studies, anthropology, area studies, communications and mass media, community health and medical care, criminal justice, economics, environmental studies, family studies, gender studies, geography, international relations, law, minority studies, planning and public administration, political science, psychiatry, psychology, public welfare, social work, sociology and urban studies.


rity studies, planning and public administration, political science, psychiatry, psychology, public welfare, social work, sociology and urban studies.SocINDEX with Full Text: Comprehensive coverage of sociology, encompassing all sub-disciplines and related areas of study. The database features 2.1 million records with subject headings from a 20,000+ term sociological thesaurus. Also contains abstracts for more than 4,650 journals, some dating to 1895 and extensive indexing for books/monographs and conference papers. Contains full text for more than 830 books and monographs, 16,800 conference papers, and 860 journals dating back to 1908. Searchable cited references and thousands of author profiles are also included.


Suggest a Book:
Suggest a book purchase: The Graduate Center Library welcomes book purchase suggestions from the Graduate Center community. The library will carefully consider requests that are consistent with our Collection Policy .


Catalogs and Other Resources:
OneSearch: OneSearch combines many initial searches into one interface: it includes print books from all CUNY libraries; Graduate Center ebooks; a massive index of articles from journals, magazines, and newspapers; Graduate Center course reserves; dissertations at CUNY and beyond; and unique digital content.

WorldCat Discovery: WorldCat Discovery is a catalog and discovery system containing millions of records for print and electronic holdings in thousands of libraries around the world.


About this Guide:
This following pages includes information on archives and archival repositories, collection finding aids, conducting background research, and finding both analog and digitized collections.  It includes links to resources, research tips, and tools for working with the sources you find.  Please send any comments or suggestions to library@gc.cuny.edu .


Some scholarly associations for history: American Historical Association (AHA) A large organization that supports historians in all fields, including history education and professional work. The AHA also publishes The American Historical Review four times a year. Association of Ancient Historians A forum for scholarly interaction among historians of the Ancient Mediterranean. National Council on Public History A professional organization that advocates for collaborative and interdisciplinary historical scholarship. American Studies Association (ASA) The oldest scholarly organization dedicated to the study of U.S. culture and history. Association of Black Women Historians A network of scholars representing every region of the United States and beyond. Membership is open to people interested in the research and teaching of African American Women's studies. Oral History Association (OAH) An organization that advances the teaching and practice of American history.


ching of African American Women's studies. Oral History Association (OAH) An organization that advances the teaching and practice of American history.ching of African American Women's studies. Oral History Association (OAH) An organization that advances the teaching and practice of American history.ching of African American Women's studies. Oral History Association (OAH) An organization that advances the teaching and practice of American history.The OAH's quarterly Journal of American History is a leading scholarly journal in the field. World History Association (WHA) A professional organization of scholars, teachers, and students that promotes world history through research, publication, and teaching.


Zotero:
Zotero: Works with Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, and Safari. Saves citations to articles, books, webpages, and more with a single click. Install the Zotero Word plug-in to quickly create bibliographies and add citations to papers. Can be linked to Dropbox accounts to store and organize PDFs. Open source.

Zotero Wiki: This site was originally created as a Zotero resource for a one day training course, Managing Personal Digital Research Information, at the British Library in September 2013 and March 2014.


Refworks:
Refworks: Online citation management licensed for all CUNY campuses. Generate footnotes and bibliography in any writing style; organize citations and notes in your private library. 25 MB limit on individual file size; 5 GB individual account limit. Group Code: RWGradC There is a new interface available for RefWorks; see the library guide Citation Managers & Style Guides for more information.


Mendeley:
Mendeley: Mendeley is a free reference manager and an academic social network that also allows you to collect and annotate PDFs. Owned by Elsevier.


Find Grants and Research Awards:
Pivot-RP: Grants, internships, and graduate and post-graduate fellowships in all subject areas. Search for open funding opportunities and information about previously awarded grants. Users may create an optional personal account to use enhanced features such as saving searches and tracking funding opportunities. Once you create an account, you can also claim and configure your user profile to receive personalized automated funding recommendations targeted to your research interests. To create an account, select the Use Email Address/Create Password option and fill out the form using your @gradcenter.cuny.edu or @gc.cuny.edu address. For Affiliated Member Institution, select "Graduate Center, The City University of New York." Look for the verification email in your inbox to finish the process. After the initial setup, you will be recognized as a GC researcher whenever you log into your personal account.


l in your inbox to finish the process. After the initial setup, you will be recognized as a GC researcher whenever you log into your personal account.Social Science Research Foundation Fellowships List: The Social Science Research Council is an independent, nonprofit international organization founded in 1923. It nurtures new generations of social scientists, fosters innovative research, and mobilizes necessary knowledge on important public issues.


University Funding Directories:
Duke University Office of Research Support: Duke University ORS maintains a database of funding opportunities by discipline. Opportunities are curated from a variety of sources and include funding announcements from federal, foundation, industry, and professional association sponsors. The information contained is NOT limited to Duke internal opportunities.

GRAPES - UCLA Graduate & Postdoctoral Extramural Support: Search for awards from among 625 scholarships, grants, fellowships, and postdoctoral awards. Free-to-search for applicants to any graduate program, to graduate students working on a master’s thesis or doctoral dissertation, and to postdoc scholars.

Michigan State University Grants for Individuals Compilation: Includes a frequently updated comprehensive list of grants to individuals organized by academic discipline or subject, population group, and academic level.


Support for Sponsored Research:
Office of Research and Sponsored Programs: The office of Research and Sponsored Programs (RSP) is the CUNY Graduate School and University Center’s central administrative unit for overseeing GC-CUNY applications for, and awards of, governmental and foundation funding.


Fundraising for Non-Profit Organizations:
Free Training from Candid.org (formerly Foundation Center and Guidestar): Classroom and Webinar trainings are available led by Candid.  This link will provide dates and the ability to register.


Career and Job Outlook:
Versatile PhD: A a free community, and a premium content subscription service whose mission is to help humanities and social science graduate students, ABDs and PhDs identify, prepare for and excel in non-academic careers. Access to the Premium Content Area is available for all Graduate Center affiliates.


Preparing to Graduate?:
Library deposit is the final degree requirement for Graduate Center doctoral and master's students. If you are preparing to graduate, review the the Dissertations and Theses guide and consult with your program office for requirements and deadlines. Questions? Contact the Dissertation Office at deposit@gc.cuny.edu.


Finding Dissertations:
There is no single source for a comprehensive dissertation search. WorldCat and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global include most American dissertations. Dissertations @ The Center for Research Libraries lends non-American dissertations to member borrowers. Library catalogs and specialized repositories contain other titles. Request any dissertation through Interlibrary Loan . Though not every title is available through ILL, it is worth a try.


Graduate Center Dissertations and Theses Collections:


Graduate Center Dissertations and Theses Collections:Graduate Center Dissertations and Theses Collections:In 1961, CUNY's Graduate School and University Center became the doctorate-granting institution for The City University of New York, using a consortial model of graduate education that drew upon faculty and facilities from across CUNY. The first graduates of the first Ph.D. program deposited their dissertations in 1965. Print copies Bound copies of most dissertations from 1965–2015 are located in the library and shelved chronologically, then alphabetically by student's last name: 1965–1988: 2nd floor 1989–2015: 1st floor Dissertation Reading Room To aid browsing, bound copies were color-coded by degree program, creating the multi-color shelves that are now the hallmark of the Dissertation Reading Room. See the dissertations color chart for more information. Some programs offered joint degrees with other CUNY schools, and bound copies of these dissertations were cataloged by and shelved at their respective campus libraries. These include: Ph.D.


h other CUNY schools, and bound copies of these dissertations were cataloged by and shelved at their respective campus libraries. These include: Ph.D.h other CUNY schools, and bound copies of these dissertations were cataloged by and shelved at their respective campus libraries. These include: Ph.D.h other CUNY schools, and bound copies of these dissertations were cataloged by and shelved at their respective campus libraries. These include: Ph.D.Program in Business: locate bound dissertations at Baruch College's Newman Library Ph.D. Program in Criminal Justice: locate bound dissertations at John Jay College's Lloyd Sealy Library Ph.D. Program in Engineering: locate dissertations at City College's Cohen Library Bound copies of master's theses are located on the 2nd floor (see map ). Theses are shelved chronologically, then alphabetically by student's last name. In November 2015, the library ceased archiving print copies of dissertations and theses, moving to a fully electronic thesis and dissertation program. Digital Access As of 2014, all Graduate Center dissertations, theses, and capstone projects are posted to CUNY Academic Works . Some are immediately available to read and download, and some become available after an embargo period set by the author.


ted to CUNY Academic Works . Some are immediately available to read and download, and some become available after an embargo period set by the author.ted to CUNY Academic Works . Some are immediately available to read and download, and some become available after an embargo period set by the author.ted to CUNY Academic Works . Some are immediately available to read and download, and some become available after an embargo period set by the author.Digitized versions of pre-2014 dissertations and doctoral capstone projects are available to the CUNY community via our Retrospective Dissertations, 1965-2013 database (CUNY Login required). Some pre-2014 works have been added to CUNY Academic Works at the author's request, with more being added each month. Browse by year to view select dissertations going back to 1966. Alumni who graduated before 2014 and would like to make their own GC dissertation publicly available should email deposit@gc.cuny.edu for assistance. We are unable to add pre-2014 master's theses at this time. Doctoral dissertations are also available in ProQuest's Digital Dissertations subscription database (log in with your GC network ID). The database includes digital reproductions from the UMI microform going back to 1965.


Dissertation Databases & Repositories:
Dissertations & Theses Global: Indexes two-million dissertations from over one-thousand institutions, with citations from 1861-1980 and abstracts from 1980 to present. Includes the full text of most post-1996 CUNY dissertations and many post-1996 dissertations from other institutions, as well as thousands of earlier ones. To limit your search to CUNY dissertations, include 0046 in your search statement, selecting the school name/code search field. Non-U.S.dissertations can be searched in the Center for Research Libraries' catalog.


ur search statement, selecting the school name/code search field. Non-U.S.dissertations can be searched in the Center for Research Libraries' catalog.Center for Research Libraries (CRL) Online Catalog: The Center for Research Libraries provides a shared collection of five million books, journals, documents and newspapers to supplement member libraries’ holdings in the humanities, science, and social sciences. With a strategic emphasis on expanding electronic access to international primary source collections, CRL participates in a number of cooperative digitization efforts, yielding millions of pages of digitized content to date. CRL resources include:


ons, CRL participates in a number of cooperative digitization efforts, yielding millions of pages of digitized content to date. CRL resources include:The largest circulating collection of newspapers in North America – more than 16,000 newspaper titles from all world regions and from every U.S. state – mainstream dailies, underground and alternative press titles, rare publications from international conflict zones, U.S. ethnic titles, early African-American newspapers, and radio broadcast reports and transcripts Foreign journals rarely held in U.S. libraries, with a focus on science and technology Access to rich holdings in science, technology, and engineering print serials through a partnership with the Linda Hall Library More than 800,000 non U.S. dissertations Area Studies: major collections of news, government documents, and archives from Africa, Latin America, Middle East, Europe, Asia, and Southeast and South Asia Millions of pages of primary source documents, including major sets from the National Archives of the U.S. and the U.K., and many special collections from around the world U.S.


ry source documents, including major sets from the National Archives of the U.S. and the U.K., and many special collections from around the world U.S.ry source documents, including major sets from the National Archives of the U.S. and the U.K., and many special collections from around the world U.S.ry source documents, including major sets from the National Archives of the U.S. and the U.K., and many special collections from around the world U.S.and international legal and government resources


he National Archives of the U.S. and the U.K., and many special collections from around the world U.S.and international legal and government resourcesNetworked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations Global ETD Search: NDLTD's Global ETD Search is a free service that allows researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations based on keyword, date, institution, language and subject.

Open Access Theses and Dissertations: Metadata from over 1100 institutions, indexes over 2.5 million theses and dissertations.

Additional Dissertation Databases: The library's Dissertations and Theses guide lists many additional databases of dissertations and theses.


Share Your Work:
You wrote it...now what? How will you put your work out into the world? CUNY offers a variety of platforms for posting, publishing, or otherwise sharing your work online. Different platforms have different features and purposes—for example, what's best for sharing an article you previously published in a subscription-based journal may not be best for making an educational text you wrote discoverable by other instructors. This page summarizes the different publishing platforms available to you as a member of the CUNY community.


Questions?:
Overwhelmed by the options? All Graduate Center students, faculty, and staff are welcome to contact us for additional information or guidance about platforms, copyright, permissions, etc.: Jill Cirasella , Scholarly Communication Librarian and University Liaison, is the library's primary point person for questions about scholarly publishing, including questions about CUNY Academic Works, copyright, fair use, publisher contracts, and Creative Commons licenses. Elvis Bakaitis , Head of Reference, is the library's primary point person for questions creating and sharing open educational resources (OER), including questions about Pressbooks, Manifold, and OpenEd CUNY.


CUNY Academic Works:
CUNY Academic Works collects, preserves, and provides public access to scholarly, creative, and pedagogical works created by members of the CUNY community. A service of the CUNY libraries, Academic Works serves several important purposes: as a primary publication venue for some works (e.g., dissertations, theses, and capstone projects , as well as white papers and conference presentations); as a site to share and showcase works published elsewhere (e.g., scholarly articles, book chapters); as a place to satisfy grant funders' open access and open data requirements. The Graduate Center section of Academic Works a great place for Graduate Center students, faculty, and staff to publicly share their work with the world. Learn more about how to add your work to CUNY Academic Works, or create an account to start uploading your work.


Pressbooks:
Pressbooks is online book production software, with editing functionality based on Wordpress. You can use Pressbooks to publish textbooks, scholarly monographs, syllabi, white papers, and more, in multiple formats including: Designed PDF (for print-on-demand and digital distribution) MOBI (for Kindle ebook readers) EPUB (for all other ebook readers) Pressbooks allows you to "edit as you go," making updates that are immediately live on the site. The platform is commonly used to create and share Open Educational Resources — typically more substantive texts, such as full length books or resource guides. Get started by signing up for a CUNY Pressbooks account .


Manifold:
Manifold @CUNY is a digital publishing platform where you can share your own scholarship or educational materials, upload texts that are openly licensed or in the public domain, upload texts for collective annotation with Hypothes.is , and more. Another option is to use the Manifold Reading Groups to build your own course reader from materials already available on the CUNY instance of Manifold. Check out CUNY Student Editions for examples of public domain texts that are "accessibly designed for students" in Manifold. Additional project collections include Libros En Espanol and Teaching and Pedagogy Resources . Manifold is best used as a display platform for pre-existing or finalized texts. As a creation platform, it lacks the editing functionality of Pressbooks (there is no way to modify a text once uploaded), which can be a barrier for those seeking to make continuous adjustments to their work. Get started by signing up for a Manifold @CUNY account .


OpenEd CUNY:
OpenEd CUNY is a hub for sharing Open Educational Resources (OER) created at CUNY. Built as a part of the University's involvement in the New York State OER Scale Up Initiative, the site is used by CUNY's twenty-five campuses to facilitate OER-enabled pedagogy and make the work that faculty, staff, and students are creating more visible and shareable. If you're interested in getting a sense of OER at CUNY, OpenEd CUNY allows you to search by material type (syllabus, module, full course, game), educational level, media format (audio, video, eBook), as well as subject area. Get started by signing up for an OpenEd CUNY account.


SocArXiv: Open archive of the social sciences:
SocArXiv (pronounced sosh-archive ) is a preprint server created by sociologists, librarians, and open science advocates. Visit SocArxiv.org to deposit papers, and SocOpen.org for the latest news.


Journal Policies:
SHERPA/RoMEO: 95% of academic publishers offer standing permission for OA repository publication for some version of a work; check a journal's publishing policy here.

Wiley Author Compliance Tool: Search by funder, institution, or journal to see an overview of Wiley's open access policies.


From Practical Guidance when submitting journal articles: Understanding your rights (excerpt reproduced courtesy SPARC): "Relationships are changing due to the rise of digital publishing in academia. In order to maximize the value of the research you produce in this new environment, it is important for you to take an active role in managing the copyrights to your work. U.S. Copyright law gives the author of an original work, such as a scholarly article, the exclusive rights to reproduce, distribute, adapt, publicly perform, and publicly display the copyrighted work. Copyright protection is now automatic. The author obtains these exclusive rights at the moment the copyrighted work has been “fixed in a tangible medium,” such as when a written work has been saved on a computer’s hard drive or printed. The author retains these exclusive rights up until the moment the author signs a written agreement to transfer some or all of these exclusive rights.


The author retains these exclusive rights up until the moment the author signs a written agreement to transfer some or all of these exclusive rights. The author retains these exclusive rights up until the moment the author signs a written agreement to transfer some or all of these exclusive rights. The author retains these exclusive rights up until the moment the author signs a written agreement to transfer some or all of these exclusive rights.(By contrast, an author may give others non-exclusive permission to use the copyrighted work in a variety of ways, including through verbal agreement.) A transfer of any exclusive right is truly exclusive—once transferred the author may no longer exercise that right. If the author intends to retain the right to make any further uses of the copyrighted work, or intends to grant others permission to make any use of the copyrighted work, the author must make this clear in a written transfer agreement. As a scholar or scientist, when you publish in a journal you are typically asked by the publisher to sign such a transfer agreement, or contract, that describes the assignment of various rights to the publisher in the intellectual property you have created. Thus, the agreements often deprive you of certain rights that you may not wish to forfeit, such as your right to post your article on the public Internet or to make copies for classroom use.


f certain rights that you may not wish to forfeit, such as your right to post your article on the public Internet or to make copies for classroom use.f certain rights that you may not wish to forfeit, such as your right to post your article on the public Internet or to make copies for classroom use.f certain rights that you may not wish to forfeit, such as your right to post your article on the public Internet or to make copies for classroom use.To take advantage of the greater opportunity now available to communicate your research results, you need these rights to the articles you produce."


e.To take advantage of the greater opportunity now available to communicate your research results, you need these rights to the articles you produce."The SPARC Author Addendum: Developed by SPARC (the Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition), this author addendum is "a legal instrument that you can use to modify your copyright transfer agreements with non-open access journal publishers" (website).


License Your Work:
The copyright holder has the exclusive right to copy, to prepare derivative works, to distribute, and to license the work. A traditional copyright license reserves all rights for the author; a Creative Commons license describes how the author allows the work to be used by others. For uses other than those explicitly licensed, or even for those uses permitted under law (such as fair use), researchers may contact authors for permission.

More on Creative Commons Licenses: Creative Commons copyright licenses forge a balance inside the traditional “all rights reserved” setting that copyright law creates. They give everyone a simple, standardized way to grant copyright permissions to their creative work. The combination forges a digital commons, a pool of content that can be copied, distributed, edited, remixed, and built upon, all within the boundaries of copyright law.


Archives Defined:
The New York Public Library defines archives as "the records created by people and organizations as they lived and worked." Archives usually consist of unpublished materials that accumulate organically over the course of time that were preserved for the enduring value of the information they contain, for their value as artifacts, or as evidence of the work or activities of the creator.  But they can contain just about anything that was created or saved by a person or organization. Materials are kept in their original order whenever possible, grouped into collections according to their source, and described in finding aids or collection records.


Materials relating to particular individuals, organizations, events and subjects will likely be scattered across multiple collections in various repositories.  And those sources, even taken together, will form an incomplete record since they will only consist of the materials that were saved and that have lasted.  Most of the records generated as people live and work aren’t saved at all.  So when you are looking for sources, remember that the historical record is likely incomplete.  Think about what might be missing.  And think creatively about where to find materials to answer your research questions. It can be very helpful to think in terms of collections of sources, such as personal papers or organizational records, or collections of oral histories, maps, photographs, texts, historical periodicals, audio recordings, directories, government documents, etc.  Look for haystacks rather than needles in haystacks.


graphs, texts, historical periodicals, audio recordings, directories, government documents, etc.  Look for haystacks rather than needles in haystacks.graphs, texts, historical periodicals, audio recordings, directories, government documents, etc.  Look for haystacks rather than needles in haystacks.graphs, texts, historical periodicals, audio recordings, directories, government documents, etc.  Look for haystacks rather than needles in haystacks.And think in terms of repositories.  The holdings of individual libraries and archives, when taken together, constitute unique cohesive resources.  When an archive holds a collection of photographs on a topic, for instance, chances are good that they will also hold manuscripts, books, periodicals, reference sources, and other materials related to those photographs.  So be certain to search at the repository level for other materials when you find yourself exploring an archival collection held there. Archival research can be simultaneously inspiring and tedious, enlightening and challenging, productive and time consuming.  More often than not, though, it is well worth the effort. For practical advice and a realistic summary of what archival research is like, see Chapter 9, " Archival Research ," in Zachary M . Schrag's The Princeton Guide to Historical Research .


Glossary of Archival Terms:


Glossary of Archival Terms:Glossary of Archival Terms:Following are definitions of some common archival terms.  For a comprehensive list, see the Dictionary of Archives Terminology , a handy online reference source from the Society of American Archivists. Archival Collection - A broad term encompassing both personal papers and organizational records collections. Archives - Records in any format created by or received and maintained by an organization that are determined to have permanent value. When housed in repositories outside the institution that created them, the collections are often called Organizational Records. Artificial Collections - Collections of items assembled by an individual or institution from a variety of sources, usually on a topic or event (the sinking of the Titanic or the March on Washington, e.g.), a person (Abraham Lincoln, e.g.), or a format (maps, menus, matchbook covers, postcards, product advertising, e.g.).


r the March on Washington, e.g.), a person (Abraham Lincoln, e.g.), or a format (maps, menus, matchbook covers, postcards, product advertising, e.g.).r the March on Washington, e.g.), a person (Abraham Lincoln, e.g.), or a format (maps, menus, matchbook covers, postcards, product advertising, e.g.).r the March on Washington, e.g.), a person (Abraham Lincoln, e.g.), or a format (maps, menus, matchbook covers, postcards, product advertising, e.g.).Examples include: The Radio Scripts Collection (NYPL Schomburg) and The World War I Collection (N-YHS). Institutional or Corporate Archive - A repository that holds records created by or received by its parent institution. The BAM Hamm Archives and the Carnegie Hall Archives are institutional repositories. The archives of some organizations, especially commercial enterprises, exist solely to serve internal needs and outside researchers may have limited or no access to the records. Manuscript Repository - An institution that collects historically valuable records of individuals, families, and organizations. The New-York Historical Society Library and The Manuscripts and Archives Division of the New York Public Library are manuscript repositories. Original Order is the arrangement of materials established by the creator of the records.


of the New York Public Library are manuscript repositories. Original Order is the arrangement of materials established by the creator of the records. of the New York Public Library are manuscript repositories. Original Order is the arrangement of materials established by the creator of the records. of the New York Public Library are manuscript repositories. Original Order is the arrangement of materials established by the creator of the records.Archivists maintain original order whenever possible because the arrangement can shed light on how an individual or organization functioned and can also simplify access to the materials. When there is no discernible order, archivists sort the materials into series such as correspondence, writings, photographs, clippings, etc., in order to facilitate research and access. Personal Papers or Manuscripts - Collections of materials in any format created by or received and maintained by an individual or family in the course of daily life. Examples include: the Harry Belafonte Papers (NYPL), the Audre Lord Papers (Spelman College), and the Shirley Hayes Papers (N-YHS). Primary Sources & Secondary Sources - Materials that contain direct evidence, first-hand testimony, or an eyewitness account of a topic or event under investigation are considered primary sources. They can be published or unpublished items in any format, from handwritten letters, to objects, to the built environment.


considered primary sources. They can be published or unpublished items in any format, from handwritten letters, to objects, to the built environment. considered primary sources. They can be published or unpublished items in any format, from handwritten letters, to objects, to the built environment. considered primary sources. They can be published or unpublished items in any format, from handwritten letters, to objects, to the built environment.Secondary sources are works that analyze and interpret other sources. They use primary sources to solve research problems. The way you engage with a source determines whether it is a primary or secondary source for your project. Book reviews, for example, are typically considered secondary sources.  If the subject of your research is book reviews themselves, however, they would be primary sources for your project. Provenance - A fundamental archival principle (also called respect des fonds ) that requires that materials be grouped into collections according to their source, not according to their subject. ( Sources: The Craft of Research by Wayne C. Booth, Gregory G. Colomb, Joseph M. Williams. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, c2008; Introduction to Archival Terminology , NARA; Theodore R. Schellenberg, Principles of Arrangement, Staff Information Paper Number 18 , Published by the National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, DC, 1951. )


Elements of Finding Aids:


Elements of Finding Aids:Elements of Finding Aids:Finding Aids are detailed guides to the contents and arrangement of collections.  Finding aids, which may also be called collection guides, are written to give repositories intellectual and physical control over their holdings and to help researchers find what they are looking for within collections.  Finding aids can take many forms, whether digital or analog, and range in detail from a brief summary to an itemized list of contents, but most finding aids will fall somewhere in between. The level of detail and description depend on the resources of the repository and the collection itself.  Most comprehensive electronic finding aids will contain the following elements: Collection Overview / Descriptive Summary – The basic bibliographical details you would find in a library catalog record, including the repository, creator, title, date, abstract describing the subject matter of the material, quantity of materials, and call phrase (the "call number" assigned by the repository).


, date, abstract describing the subject matter of the material, quantity of materials, and call phrase (the "call number" assigned by the repository)., date, abstract describing the subject matter of the material, quantity of materials, and call phrase (the "call number" assigned by the repository)., date, abstract describing the subject matter of the material, quantity of materials, and call phrase (the "call number" assigned by the repository).Biographical / Historical Note – Information on the creator of the collection, including significant historical details that provide context for the archival materials. Scope and Content Note – A brief description of what’s contained in the collection, including the types of materials and the subject focus of the collection, with highlights sometimes mentioned. Arrangement / Organization – A list of the series into which the collection is organized, or a brief description of the organization of the materials, i.e., “arranged by type of material, then chronologically.” Access Points / Subjects / Key Terms – The subject headings, including names, organizations, topics, places, document types, family names, occupations, and other terms, under which the collection is indexed. Administrative Information – Provenance of the collection, access and use restrictions, copyright notices, preferred citation, related materials in the repository.


e Information – Provenance of the collection, access and use restrictions, copyright notices, preferred citation, related materials in the repository.e Information – Provenance of the collection, access and use restrictions, copyright notices, preferred citation, related materials in the repository.e Information – Provenance of the collection, access and use restrictions, copyright notices, preferred citation, related materials in the repository.Container List / Inventory – A list of boxes, folders, and volumes in the collection. You’ll need to know the box and folder numbers to request materials at the repository. Finding aids may also include: Series descriptions, a list of items separated from the collection, and notes on related collections in the repository.


Tips for Using Finding Aids:


Tips for Using Finding Aids:Tips for Using Finding Aids:Collections may be described in catalog records, website descriptions, NUCMC records, published collection guides, paper guides available in the repository, and/or Wikipedia entries in addition to or instead of traditional finding aids. Not all collections will have detailed finding aids, but when they do, spend time reading them thoroughly before diving in to a collection. A close look at a finding aid will tell you not only what is IN a collection, but what is NOT there, saving you time. Many manuscript and archival repositories have online catalogs or databases that allow searching across collection finding aids. Look for these and search them for sources on your topic.


ories have online catalogs or databases that allow searching across collection finding aids. Look for these and search them for sources on your topic.ories have online catalogs or databases that allow searching across collection finding aids. Look for these and search them for sources on your topic.ories have online catalogs or databases that allow searching across collection finding aids. Look for these and search them for sources on your topic.Access may be uneven within a library, with some collections being fully processed and described in electronic finding aids complete with links to digitized images, audio, or video from the collection, while other collections next to them on the shelf may be described only in paper finding aids.  Collection descriptions are continually evolving as resources permit. When viewing electronic finding aids, look for the "print view" or a link to "view as a single page" so you can do keyword searching within the document. Archivists research the subjects of the collections they process and frequently write detailed historical and biographical notes that contextualize the materials. You can learn a great deal by reading a comprehensive finding aid. A container list in a finding aid will tell you the type of material you’ll find in a box or folder, but it usually won’t give you the specific details of the items in that container.


will tell you the type of material you’ll find in a box or folder, but it usually won’t give you the specific details of the items in that container. will tell you the type of material you’ll find in a box or folder, but it usually won’t give you the specific details of the items in that container. will tell you the type of material you’ll find in a box or folder, but it usually won’t give you the specific details of the items in that container.A typical folder title might be “Correspondence, 1911-1914.”  When this is the case, the only way to find out who is writing to whom and what is being said is to request the box and open the folder to read the letters yourself. Not all collections have finding aids and not all finding aids are online. Visit a repository’s website to get an overview of the archival holdings and then contact the staff to find out if they might hold materials relevant to your topic.


tory’s website to get an overview of the archival holdings and then contact the staff to find out if they might hold materials relevant to your topic.tory’s website to get an overview of the archival holdings and then contact the staff to find out if they might hold materials relevant to your topic.tory’s website to get an overview of the archival holdings and then contact the staff to find out if they might hold materials relevant to your topic.As a way of dealing with backlogs of unprocessed collections, many archival repositories follow an arrangement and description methodology called MPLP, or " More Product, Less Process ," especially for large contemporary collections.  This trend in processing means that archivists spend less time arranging and describing materials in order to provide access to more materials sooner.  For researchers, this means they may have to spend more time looking through boxes of materials because collections may only be described in broad strokes in finding aids that mention just the most obvious contents and contain little research and scholarship.


ctions may only be described in broad strokes in finding aids that mention just the most obvious contents and contain little research and scholarship.ctions may only be described in broad strokes in finding aids that mention just the most obvious contents and contain little research and scholarship.ctions may only be described in broad strokes in finding aids that mention just the most obvious contents and contain little research and scholarship.You will likely come across broken links to electronic finding aids in your research using databases, websites, WorldCat, or other search tools.  When this happens, use what you know in a Google search to find the collection guide another way.  A search using the repository name and part of the collection creator's name will usually help you find a working link.  If that fails, go directly to the repository's website and either browse their list of collections or search across their site for the collection you are seeking.


Background research paves the way for productive archival research.  Use it to get an overview of your topic, to zero in on the details you need to find primary sources, to put archival materials in context, and to help you position your own argument within the scholarly conversation. Following are some suggestions and tips for finding background sources. ONESEARCH: A search in CUNY's OneSearch using keywords and subject terms central to your topic will turn up print and electronic books, scholarly articles, news articles, films, dissertations, government documents, and other primary, secondary, and reference sources.  After a broad initial search, you can sort the results by date, relevance, author or title, and filter results by resource type, topic/subject, date range, language, or source/collection (database).


esults by date, relevance, author or title, and filter results by resource type, topic/subject, date range, language, or source/collection (database).esults by date, relevance, author or title, and filter results by resource type, topic/subject, date range, language, or source/collection (database).esults by date, relevance, author or title, and filter results by resource type, topic/subject, date range, language, or source/collection (database).GC DATABASES: Our A-Z List of Databases includes over 400 resources.  You can search for particular databases by title, filter databases by type, or search across the list by keyword to find databases that cover your topic. RESEARCH GUIDES: Library research guides round up the major print and electronic resources in a given area and can quickly point you to reliable sources.  The GC's research guides cover a wide range of subjects and topics, from Anthropology to data management.  Use them to find reference sources and scholarly articles, and to identify the key databases in a subject area.  If we don't have a research guide for a topic you are studying, try a web search to find one at another library.  For example, if you wanted to find reliable sources on the history of South Asia and didn't know where to begin, a Google search formatted like this could help: "South Asia" LibGuides .


reliable sources on the history of South Asia and didn't know where to begin, a Google search formatted like this could help: "South Asia" LibGuides .reliable sources on the history of South Asia and didn't know where to begin, a Google search formatted like this could help: "South Asia" LibGuides .reliable sources on the history of South Asia and didn't know where to begin, a Google search formatted like this could help: "South Asia" LibGuides .(The term "LibGuides" refers to the platform many libraries use to publish research guides.)  Browse the guides to identify potential research avenues and then look for the resources here at the GC Library .  If we don't have something you need, you can usually request it via Interlibrary Loan . SECONDARY & REFERENCE SOURCES: Consult our Beyond Wikipedia: Background and Reference Sources guide for information on finding and using a wide range of secondary and reference sources in your research.  You'll find tips for finding biographical and genealogical sources, bibliographies, digitized texts, encyclopedias, book reviews, almanacs, and more. GOOGLE SCHOLAR: Google Scholar provides a simple way to search broadly for scholarly literature, including journal articles and books. The GC Library has created a GC-customized Google Scholar version that links you directly to articles in the library’s databases.


articles and books. The GC Library has created a GC-customized Google Scholar version that links you directly to articles in the library’s databases. articles and books. The GC Library has created a GC-customized Google Scholar version that links you directly to articles in the library’s databases. articles and books. The GC Library has created a GC-customized Google Scholar version that links you directly to articles in the library’s databases.When off campus, you’ll be prompted to log in before you can access library subscription resources. WORLDCAT: WorldCat Is a catalog and discovery system containing millions of records for print and electronic holdings in every format in thousands of libraries around the world. As with OneSearch, after a broad initial search you can use the available options to zero in on sources close to your topic. Use the links in WorldCat records to request items via Interlibrary Loan if they are not available at the GC. DISSERTATIONS: Look for dissertations on your topic.  Dissertations contain original research and can lead you to difficult-to-find primary sources that their authors have tracked down. And their bibliographies may help you identify useful scholarship and background sources as well. GOOGLE BOOKS: Try searching Google Books to find mentions of people, places, organizations, and events.  A search here is especially useful for gathering information on hard-to-find people.


s to find mentions of people, places, organizations, and events.  A search here is especially useful for gathering information on hard-to-find people.s to find mentions of people, places, organizations, and events.  A search here is especially useful for gathering information on hard-to-find people.s to find mentions of people, places, organizations, and events.  A search here is especially useful for gathering information on hard-to-find people.Your efforts may turn up details in a footnote or the text of a book that lead you to sources you may not have found otherwise.  Check OneSearch to find specific titles at the GC Library and request them via Interlibrary Loan if we don't have them.


may not have found otherwise.  Check OneSearch to find specific titles at the GC Library and request them via Interlibrary Loan if we don't have them.may not have found otherwise.  Check OneSearch to find specific titles at the GC Library and request them via Interlibrary Loan if we don't have them.may not have found otherwise.  Check OneSearch to find specific titles at the GC Library and request them via Interlibrary Loan if we don't have them.NEWSPAPERS: Historical newspapers are valuable primary sources that can help you get a sense of the time and place you are studying and see how a subject was viewed and understood in its time.  Newspapers can also fill in the record on people and topics that do not turn up in archival collections.  Be sure to explore alternative press sources as well.  You'll find coverage of new or progressive ideas in radical publications before it appears in the mainstream media.  And you may also find the voices of marginalized people and organizations more readily in community papers or newsletters, union publications, and alternative, underground, and independent media.  See our Newspapers Research Guide and NYPL's Conducting Genealogical Research Using Newspapers Guide for ideas.


, underground, and independent media.  See our Newspapers Research Guide and NYPL's Conducting Genealogical Research Using Newspapers Guide for ideas., underground, and independent media.  See our Newspapers Research Guide and NYPL's Conducting Genealogical Research Using Newspapers Guide for ideas., underground, and independent media.  See our Newspapers Research Guide and NYPL's Conducting Genealogical Research Using Newspapers Guide for ideas.SUBJECT HEADINGS: Search Library of Congress Authorities to identify subject terms for more effective searching in library catalogs and databases.  Also try a keyword search in OneSearch or WorldCat to find books on your topic.  Then, click on the subject headings in the catalog records of promising titles to find related works on the topic. RESEARCH TIPS Take a close look at the footnotes, bibliographies, and acknowledgements in reference and secondary sources.  They are gold mines for identifying primary sources and finding out which libraries or private collections hold them. Keep a running list of the names (people and organizations), dates, keywords, subjects, themes, events, and places that come up in your research.  These will be your access points for finding primary sources. Knowing key names will enable you to recognize relevant sources when you encounter them. Knowing key dates will enable you to navigate manuscript collections arranged in chronological order.