SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Head Start Improvement Act of
2015''.

SEC. 2. IMPROVEMENTS.

    The Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. 9831 et seq.) is amended to read as
follows:

``SEC. 635. SHORT TITLE.

    ``This subchapter may be cited as the `Head Start Act'.

``SEC. 636. STATEMENT OF PURPOSE.

    ``It is the purpose of this subchapter to promote the school
readiness of low-income children by enhancing their cognitive, social,
and emotional development in a learning environment that supports
children's growth in language, literacy, mathematics, science, social
and emotional functioning, creative arts, physical skills, and
approaches to learning.

``SEC. 637. DEFINITIONS.

    ``For purposes of this subchapter:
            ``(1) Delegate agency.--The term `delegate agency' means a
        public, private nonprofit (including a community-based
        organization, as defined in section 9101 of the Elementary and
        Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801)), or for-
        profit organization or agency to which an eligible entity has
        delegated all or part of the responsibility of the grantee for
        administering funds under this subchapter.
            ``(2) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means
        the recipient of a subgrant under section 639(d)(3)(A).
            ``(3) Financial assistance.--The term `financial
        assistance' includes assistance provided by grant, agreement,
        or contract, and payments may be made in installments and in
        advance or by way of reimbursement with necessary adjustments
        on account of overpayments or underpayments.
            ``(4) Grant recipient.--The term `grant recipient' means
        the recipient of a grant under section 639(a).
            ``(5) Indian tribe.--The term `Indian tribe' means any
        tribe, band, nation, pueblo, or other organized group or
        community of Indians, including any Native village described in
        section 3(c) of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (43
        U.S.C. 1602(c)) or established pursuant to such Act (43 U.S.C.
        1601 et seq.), that is recognized as eligible for the special
        programs and services provided by the United States to Indians
        because of their status as Indians.
            ``(6) Local educational agency.--The term `local
        educational agency' has the meaning given such term in section
        9101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20
        U.S.C. 7801).
            ``(7) Low-income child.--The term `low-income child' means
        a child who is age 5 or younger, and is from a family with an
        income below 100 percent of the poverty line for the most
        recent fiscal year for which satisfactory data are available.
            ``(8) Poverty line.--The term `poverty line' means the
        official poverty line (as defined by the Office of Management
        and Budget)--
                    ``(A) adjusted to reflect the percentage change in
                the Consumer Price Index For All Urban Consumers,
                issued by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, occurring in
                the 1-year period or other interval immediately
                preceding the date such adjustment is made; and
                    ``(B) adjusted for family size.
            ``(9) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means the Secretary
        of Health and Human Services.
            ``(10) State.--The term `State' means a State, the
        Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the District of Columbia, Guam,
        American Samoa, the Virgin Islands of the United States, and
        the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. The term
        includes the Republic of Palau, except during any period for
        which a Compact of Free Association is in effect, contains
        provisions for early childhood education or development, and
        prohibits the assistance provided under this subchapter.

``SEC. 638. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this
subchapter $8,598,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2016 through 2020.

``SEC. 639. BLOCK GRANTS TO ELIGIBLE STATES AND INDIAN TRIBES.

    ``(a) In General.--Notwithstanding any other provision of this
subchapter, beginning on October 1 of the first fiscal year following
the date of enactment of the Head Start Improvement Act of 2015, from
the amounts appropriated to carry out this subchapter under section 638
for a fiscal year, the Secretary shall award grants to eligible States
and Indian tribes from allotments made under subsection (b) in
accordance with this section.
    ``(b) Allotments.--
            ``(1) Formula.--The Secretary shall allot the amount
        appropriated under section 638 for a fiscal year among the
        eligible States and Indian tribes in proportion to the number
        of children, age 5 and younger, who are from families with
        incomes below 100 percent of the poverty line for the most
        recent fiscal year for which satisfactory data are available
        and who are in an eligible State or Indian tribe, compared to
        the number of such children for that fiscal year who are in all
        eligible States or Indian tribes.
            ``(2) Calculation.--For purposes of counting the number of
        children who are in an eligible State under paragraph (1), the
        children who are counted in an eligible Indian tribe in that
        State shall be excluded.
    ``(c) Application.--To be eligible to receive a grant under this
section, a State or Indian tribe shall submit an application to the
Secretary that includes the number of low-income children in the State
or Indian tribe.
    ``(d) Use of Funds.--
            ``(1) In general.--A grant recipient under this section
        shall use 100 percent of the grant funds--
                    ``(A) for prekindergarten education programs in the
                State or Indian tribe involved;
                    ``(B) for the administration of the programs
                described in subparagraph (A); and
                    ``(C) to provide direct technical assistance,
                oversight, monitoring, research, and training with
                respect to the programs described in subparagraph (A).
            ``(2) Certification.--The Governor, or other chief
        executive, of each grant recipient shall certify that all grant
        funds received under this section will be used to directly or
        indirectly provide comprehensive education and related services
        to low-income children and their families.
            ``(3) Grant recipient responsibilities.--A grant recipient
        shall--
                    ``(A) award subgrants to eligible entities (as
                defined by the grant recipient) to enable such entities
                to provide, directly or through a delegate agency,
                prekindergarten education programs in the State or
                Indian tribe involved;
                    ``(B) establish rules and standards for the
                entities awarded subgrants under subparagraph (A); and
                    ``(C) monitor compliance by entities awarded
                subgrants under subparagraph (A).
            ``(4) Flexibility.--Notwithstanding any other provision of
        Federal law (other than this section)--
                    ``(A) a grant recipient shall have full flexibility
                to use grant funds to finance a prekindergarten
                education provider, service, or program; and
                    ``(B) in particular, to the extent permitted under
                State law, may use the grant funds to establish a
                portable voucher system that allows a parent of a low-
                income child to use a portion of the grant funds, other
                available public funds, or private funds to pay some or
                all of the costs of attendance at a private
                prekindergarten education program.
            ``(5) Members of indian tribes.--A member of an Indian
        tribe who is eligible to receive services pursuant to a program
        funded under this section may elect to receive such services
        from any eligible entity for the State or Indian tribe in which
        the member resides.
    ``(e) Matching Funds.--A grant recipient shall provide matching
funds from non-Federal sources equal to 20 percent of the amount of the
grant to carry out the activities described in this section.
    ``(f) Administrative Costs.--No eligible entity that receives a
subgrant to provide a program under this subchapter shall use more than
15 percent of the subgrant funds for the administrative costs of the
program.

``SEC. 640. LIMITATIONS ON ASSISTANCE.

    ``Nothing in this subchapter shall be construed to require a grant
recipient to establish a publicly funded program of early childhood
education and development, or to require any child to participate in
such a publicly funded program, including a preschool program funded by
a grant recipient, or to participate in any initial screening (other
than a health screening) before participating in a publicly funded
program of early childhood education and development, except as
provided under sections 612(a)(3) and 635(a)(5) of the Individuals with
Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. 1412(a)(3), 1435(a)(5)).

``SEC. 641. GOALS; MONITORING.

    ``(a) Self-Assessments.--Not less frequently than once each program
year, each grant recipient shall conduct a comprehensive self-
assessment of the effectiveness and progress of the grant recipient's
program under this subchapter in meeting program goals established by
the grant recipient. The self-assessment shall include a determination
of the number of low-income children served by the program carried out
by the grant recipient under this subchapter.
    ``(b) Reports.--The grant recipient shall develop, and make
available to the public, an online and searchable report containing the
self-assessment, and an improvement plan to strengthen any areas
identified in the self-assessment as weaknesses or in need of
improvement. The report shall include the number of low-income children
served by the program carried out by the grant recipient under this
subchapter.
    ``(c) Ongoing Monitoring.--Each grant recipient shall establish and
implement procedures for the ongoing monitoring of their respective
programs, to ensure that the operations of the programs work toward
meeting the program goals.

``SEC. 642. ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS.

    ``Each grant recipient shall make available to the public a report
published online at least once in each fiscal year that discloses the
following information, from the most recently concluded fiscal year,
except that reporting such information shall not reveal personally
identifiable information about an individual child or parent:
            ``(1) The total amount of public and private funds received
        and the amount from each source.
            ``(2) An explanation of budgetary expenditures and proposed
        budget for the fiscal year.
            ``(3) The total number of children and families served, the
        average monthly enrollment (as a percentage of funded
        enrollment), and the percentage of eligible children served.
            ``(4) The results of the most recent self-assessment under
        section 641.
            ``(5) Information about parent involvement activities.
            ``(6) Information about the grant recipient's efforts to
        prepare children for kindergarten.

``SEC. 643. RECORDS.

    ``Each recipient of financial assistance under this subchapter
shall keep records, including records which fully disclose the amount
and disposition by such recipient of the proceeds of such financial
assistance, the total cost of the program or activity in connection
with which such financial assistance is given or used, and the amount
of that portion of the cost of the program or activity supplied by
other sources.

``SEC. 644. RESEARCH.

    ``(a) Study.--The Comptroller General of the United States shall
conduct a study--
            ``(1) of the different approaches and best practices used
        by States and Indian tribes in carrying out the program under
        this subchapter; and
            ``(2) that is limited to the information provided in the
        online reports made available by grant recipients under
        sections 641 and 642.
    ``(b)  Report.--Not later than October 1 of the fourth fiscal year
after the date of enactment referred to in section 639(a), the
Comptroller General shall submit a report containing the results of the
study to the appropriate committees of Congress.

``SEC. 645. NONDISCRIMINATION PROVISIONS.

    ``No grant recipient shall provide financial assistance for any
program or activity under this subchapter unless the grant or contract
relating to the financial assistance specifically provides that no
person with responsibilities in the operation of the program or
activity will discriminate with respect to any such program or activity
because of race, creed, color, national origin, sex, political
affiliation, or beliefs, or because of a disability in violation of
section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 794).

``SEC. 646. POLITICAL ACTIVITIES.

    ``(a) Restrictions.--A program assisted under this subchapter, and
any individual employed by, or assigned to or in, a program assisted
under this subchapter (during the hours in which such individual is
working on behalf of such program), shall not engage in--
            ``(1) any partisan or nonpartisan political activity or any
        other political activity associated with a candidate, or
        contending faction or group, in an election for public or party
        office;
            ``(2) any activity to provide voters or prospective voters
        with transportation to the polls or similar assistance in
        connection with any such election; or
            ``(3) assisting, promoting, or deterring union
        organization.
    ``(b) Registration.--No funds appropriated under this subchapter
may be used to conduct voter registration activities. Nothing in this
subchapter prohibits the availability of Head Start facilities during
hours of operation for the use of any nonpartisan organization to
increase the number of eligible citizens who register to vote in
elections for Federal office.

``SEC. 647. ADVANCE FUNDING.

    ``For the purpose of affording adequate notice of funding available
under this subchapter, appropriations for carrying out this subchapter
are authorized to be included in an appropriation Act for the fiscal
year preceding the fiscal year for which they are available for
obligation.

``SEC. 648. GENERAL PROVISIONS.

    ``(a) Limitation.--Nothing in this subchapter shall be construed to
authorize or permit the Secretary or any employee or contractor of the
Department of Health and Human Services to mandate, direct, or control,
the selection of a curriculum, a program of instruction, or
instructional materials, for a Head Start program carried out by an
eligible entity.
    ``(b) Special Rule.--Nothing in this subchapter shall be construed
to authorize an eligible entity carrying out a program or activity or a
local educational agency to require the other to select or implement a
specific curriculum or program of instruction.''.

SEC. 3. EFFECTIVE DATE.

    The amendment made by this Act shall apply beginning on October 1
of the first fiscal year following the date of enactment of the
Improvement Act of 2015.

Summary: Head Start Improvement Act of 2015 This bill amends the Head Start Act to replace the existing Head Start program with block grants to states and Indian tribes for prekindergarten (pre-K) education. Instead of providing direct financial assistance to Head Start agencies, the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) shall allot block grant funds for pre-K education among eligible states and Indian tribes in accordance withnbsp. Their relative proportions of children, age five and younger, from low-income households. nbsp, Grant recipientsnbsp, shall use the grant funds to: (1)nbsp, award subgrants to eligible entitiesnbsp, that providenbsp, pre-K education programs, (2) administer such programs. And (3) provide technical assistance, oversight, monitoring, research, and training. Under current law, HHS is authorized to designate, monitor, and establish standards fornbsp, Head Start agencies. The bill instead shiftsnbsp, pre-K program oversight and controlnbsp, to states and Indian tribes, whichnbsp. Shall have full flexibility to use grant funds to finance the pre-K programs ofnbsp, their choice. nbsp, In addition,nbsp. Grant recipients may use grant funds to establish portable voucher systems that allow costs to be paidnbsp, for attendance atnbsp. Private pre-K education programs. Under current law, federal financial assistance for a Head Start programnbsp, is generally limited tonbsp, 80 of total program costs. The bill maintains thisnbsp, limitation bynbsp. Requiring grant recipients to provide matching funds equal to 20 of the grant amount.

Head Start Improvement Act of 2015


SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Enhancing Military and Police
Operations through Women's Engagement and Recruitment Act of 2016''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) The United States National Action Plan On Women, Peace
        and Security expresses the unqualified commitment of the United
        States to integrating women's perspectives fully into our
        diplomatic, defense, and development efforts not simply as
        beneficiaries, but as agents of peace, security,
        reconciliation, development, growth, and stability. The plan
        also specifies the following priorities:
                    (A) Providing assistance to support women's
                participation, integration, and leadership in the
                security sector.
                    (B) Working with partner nations to increase
                women's participation in United States-funded training
                programs for foreign police, judicial, and military
                personnel, including professional military education,
                as well as exchange programs, conferences, and
                seminars.
                    (C) Utilizing the participation of female members
                of the United States Armed Forces to encourage and
                model gender integration in the armed forces of partner
                nations.
            (2) The Department of State's 2015 Quadrennial Diplomacy
        and Development Review states that--
                    (A) the United States is promoting initiatives
                based on the unique roles that women and girls play in
                preventing and responding to conflict; and
                    (B) gender equality is a core element in policy
                development, strategy and budget planning, policy and
                program implementation, management and training, and
                monitoring and evaluation of results.
            (3) United States security sector assistance is a key
        engagement tool with our foreign partners. Security sector
        assistance helps further United States interests by seeking to
        professionalize and develop the police and militaries of our
        foreign partners, shaping the security sector policies of
        foreign governments, and building sustainable and legitimate
        institutions to provide security and justice and respond to the
        needs of populations. Security sector assistance can also
        support broad United States policy goals, including respect for
        human rights, civilian control of the military, and the rule of
        law.
            (4) To support these efforts, the United States Department
        of State provides funding for a number of training programs for
        military forces, police and other security forces, and
        international peacekeeping operations.
            (5) Women are underrepresented in security forces
        worldwide. For instance, in South Asia--
                    (A) women make up less than 1 percent of Pakistan's
                total police force;
                    (B) women make up less than 5 percent of
                Bangladesh's total police force; and
                    (C) women make up less than 7 percent of India's
                total police force.
            (6) As demonstrated by United States Female Engagement
        Teams deployed to Afghanistan, female soldiers can enhance the
        operational effectiveness of security operations and gather
        information and provide access to local populations that all-
        male units cannot engage or search.
            (7) Female military and police can provide critical
        contributions to security. For Afghanistan's 2014 presidential
        elections, Afghanistan's Ministry of Interior recruited and
        trained 13,000 females to provide security and conduct searches
        of women at checkpoints and polling stations. Female police
        facilitated the participation of women in elections.
            (8) The International Military Education and Training
        (IMET) program, funded by the United States Department of
        State, provides professional military training for the future
        leaders of our foreign partners, enhances interoperability with
        the United States Armed Forces, builds relationships among
        international and United States military students, and conveys
        United States customs and cultural norms.
            (9) Of the 141 countries that received IMET funding from
        Fiscal Year 2011 through Fiscal Year 2015, only approximately 7
        percent of IMET program participants from those countries were
        women.
            (10) United States international police training programs
        that are specifically focused on women have proven effective in
        recruiting and retaining women. In Lebanon, for instance, a
        Department of State-funded basic cadet course for women was
        instrumental in helping Lebanon's Internal Security Forces
        increase the number of police officers from two to 610.
            (11) United States security assistance for peacekeeping
        builds the capabilities of our partner countries, increases the
        number of military and police personnel available for
        deployment to support peace operations, and facilitates the
        logistical support and deployment of units to peace operations.
            (12) Studies demonstrate that the inclusion of higher
        proportions of female peacekeepers is associated with fewer
        allegations of sexual abuse and exploitation, as is the
        inclusion of personnel from countries with better records of
        gender equality.
            (13) Female peacekeepers are uniquely capable of assisting
        female survivors of sexual violence. Reports demonstrate that
        victims are more likely to report incidents of abuse to women
        in the police or military. In Liberia, the presence of a female
        Indian peacekeeping unit increased reporting of sexual abuse
        and encouraged the recruitment of women to the national police.
            (14) Despite the recognition of the importance of
        increasing the number of women in peacekeeping operations,
        according to the United Nations, as of February 2016--
                    (A) women comprised only 3 percent of total
                military forces deployed to peacekeeping missions; and
                    (B) women comprised only 9 percent of total police
                forces deployed to peacekeeping missions.
            (15) The Global Peace Operations Initiative is a United
        States security assistance program to train, deploy, and build
        the capacity of peacekeepers worldwide. Through the Global
        Peace Operations Initiative, the United States has worked to
        increase the participation of female peacekeepers in United
        Nations operations. With dedicated United States assistance,
        over the last five years, the countries that received
        assistance under the Global Peace Operations Initiative nearly
        doubled the number of deployed female military peacekeepers
        from 1,396 to 2,539. Of the countries that received assistance
        under the Global Peace Operations Initiative that deploy
        personnel to peacekeeping missions, as of January 2016--
                    (A) women comprised approximately 4 percent of
                total military forces deployed to peace operations; and
                    (B) women comprised approximately 7 percent of
                formed police units and 10 percent of total police
                forces deployed to peace operations.

SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY.

    It is the policy of the United States--
            (1) to recognize and respond to the significant shortage of
        women at all levels in foreign military and police forces;
            (2) to prioritize the identification, engagement, and
        support of women leaders at all levels in foreign security
        sectors;
            (3) to increase the recruitment, retention,
        professionalization, and promotion of women in foreign security
        sectors, specifically in the military and police forces;
            (4) to promote the meaningful inclusion and deployment of
        women in security operations; and
            (5) to enhance and expand United States training
        opportunities for women at all levels in foreign militaries and
        police forces.

SEC. 4. FOREIGN MILITARY EXCHANGES.

    The Department of State, in coordination with the Department of
Defense, shall seek to increase the participation of women receiving
training under the International Military Education and Training
program at United States military schools and training institutions,
with the goal of doubling female participation in such programs
globally by September 30, 2019.

SEC. 5. COUNTERING TERRORISM AND VIOLENT EXTREMISM.

    (a) In General.--The Department of State shall seek to increase the
participation of women receiving training under the Department of
State's Anti-Terrorism Assistance (ATA) programs, with the goal of
doubling the total women receiving such training by September 30, 2019.
    (b) Mandate.--The Department of State shall make explicit in its
mandate for ATA programs its priority to increase the participation of
women.

SEC. 6. PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS.

    (a) In General.--The Department of State shall work with partner
countries receiving peacekeeping training assistance to prioritize the
integration, training, and deployment of qualified female peacekeepers
in peace operations. The Department of State shall work with partner
countries receiving peacekeeping training assistance to prioritize the
employment, development, and integration of female peacekeeping
trainers.
    (b) United Nations Peacekeeping Missions.--Through the United
States Mission to the United Nations, the Department of State shall
promote an increase in the recruitment, retention, and leadership roles
of female personnel assigned to United Nations peacekeeping missions.
    (c) Increased Deployment of Female Peacekeepers.--The Department of
State may work with partner countries receiving United States
peacekeeping training assistance to double the number of qualified
women deployed to peace operations not later than 5 years after the
date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 7. LAW ENFORCEMENT.

    (a) Participation Requirement.--The Department of State shall
establish female participation requirements for its police training
programs and work with partner countries to ensure that women account
for not less than 10 percent of nominees for United States-funded
police training programs.
    (b) Communication of Requirement.--The Department shall make
explicit its priority to increase the participation of women in the
design and implementation of all police training programs.

SEC. 8. MONITORING AND EVALUATION.

    The Secretary of State, the Secretary of Defense, and
representatives of other relevant Federal agencies and departments, as
appropriate, shall develop a plan for the monitoring and independent
evaluation of programs, projects, and activities carried out under this
Act.

SEC. 9. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of State, in conjunction with the
Secretary of Defense, shall designate appropriate officials to brief
the appropriate congressional committees, not later than 1 year after
the date of the enactment of this Act, on--
            (1) the existing, enhanced, and newly established training
        carried out pursuant to this Act;
            (2) diplomatic actions undertaken to promote the targets
        set forth in this Act;
            (3) the guidelines established for overseas United States
        diplomatic and military personnel to engage with foreign
        counterparts pursuant to this Act;
            (4) progress towards the targets set forth in this Act; and
            (5) actions to address the structural and systemic barriers
        to women's recruitment, retention, and professionalization for
        the largest recipients of United States security sector
        assistance.
    (b) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this section,
the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on
        Armed Services, and the Committee on Appropriations of the
        Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on
        Armed Services, and the Committee on Appropriations of the
        House of Representatives.

Summary: Enhancing Military and Police Operations through Women's Engagement and Recruitment Act of 2016 This bill requires the Department of State, in coordination with the Department of Defense (DOD), to seek to increase the participation of women receiving training under the International Military Education and Training program at US military schools and training institutions, with the goal of doubling female participation globally by September 30, 2019. The State Department shall seek to increase the participation of women receiving training under its Anti-Terrorism Assistance (ATA) programs, with the goal of doubling the total women receiving such training by September 30, 2019, and make explicit in its mandate for ATA programs its priority to increase women's participation. State shall work with partner countries receiving peacekeeping training assistance to: (1) prioritize the integration, training, and deployment of qualified female peacekeepers in peace operations. (2) prioritize the employment, development, and integration of female peacekeeping trainers. And (3) double the number of qualified women deployed to peace operations within five years. State also shall: promote an increase in the recruitment, retention, and leadership roles of female personnel assigned to United Nations peacekeeping missions. Establish female participation requirements for its police training programs and work with partner countries to ensure that women account for at least 10 of nominees for US-funded police training programs. Make explicit its priority to increase women's participation in the design and implementation of all police training programs. Develop a plan for the monitoring and independent evaluation of programs, projects, and activities carried out under this bill. And designate officials to brief Congress regarding actions taken under this Act.


SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``21st Century Federal Pell Grant Plus
Act''.

SEC. 2. RECIPIENTS OF FEDERAL PELL GRANTS WHO ARE PURSUING PROGRAMS OF
              STUDY IN ENGINEERING, MATHEMATICS, SCIENCE, OR FOREIGN
              LANGUAGES.

    Section 401(b)(2) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
1070a(b)(2)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(C)(i) Notwithstanding subparagraph (A) and subject to clause
(iii), in the case of a student who is eligible under this part and who
is pursuing a degree with a major in, or a certificate or program of
study relating to, engineering, mathematics, science (such as physics,
chemistry, or computer science), or a foreign language, described in a
list developed or updated under clause (ii), the amount of the Federal
Pell Grant shall be the amount calculated for the student under
subparagraph (A) for the academic year involved, multiplied by 2.
    ``(ii)(I) The Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of
Defense, the Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security, and the
Director of the National Science Foundation, shall develop, update not
less than once every 2 years, and publish in the Federal Register, a
list of engineering, mathematics, and science degrees, majors,
certificates, or programs that if pursued by a student, may enable the
student to receive the increased Federal Pell Grant amount under clause
(i). In developing and updating the list the Secretaries and Director
shall consider the following:
            ``(aa) The current engineering, mathematics, and science
        needs of the United States with respect to national security,
        homeland security, and economic security.
            ``(bb) Whether institutions of higher education in the
        United States are currently producing enough graduates with
        degrees to meet the national security, homeland security, and
        economic security needs of the United States.
            ``(cc) The future expected workforce needs of the United
        States required to help ensure the Nation's national security,
        homeland security, and economic security.
            ``(dd) Whether institutions of higher education in the
        United States are expected to produce enough graduates with
        degrees to meet the future national security, homeland
        security, and economic security needs of the United States.
    ``(II) The Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of
Defense, the Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security, and the
Secretary of State, shall develop, update not less than once every 2
years, and publish in the Federal Register, a list of foreign language
degrees, majors, certificates, or programs that if pursued by a
student, may enable the student to receive the increased Federal Pell
Grant amount under clause (i). In developing and updating the list the
Secretaries shall consider the following:
            ``(aa) The foreign language needs of the United States with
        respect to national security, homeland security, and economic
        security.
            ``(bb) Whether institutions of higher education in the
        United States are currently producing enough graduates with
        degrees to meet the national security, homeland security, and
        economic security needs of the United States.
            ``(cc) The future expected workforce needs of the United
        States required to help ensure the Nation's national security,
        homeland security, and economic security.
            ``(dd) Whether institutions of higher education in the
        United States are expected to produce enough graduates with
        degrees to meet the future national security, homeland
        security, and economic security needs of the United States.
    ``(iii) Each student who received an increased Federal Pell Grant
amount under clause (i) to pursue a degree, major, certificate, or
program described in a list published under subclause (I) or (II) of
clause (ii) shall continue to be eligible for the increased Federal
Pell Grant amount in subsequent academic years if the degree, major,
certificate, or program, respectively, is subsequently removed from the
list.
    ``(iv)(I) If a student who received an increased Federal Pell Grant
amount under clause (i) changes the student's course of study to a
degree, major, certificate, or program that is not included in a list
described in clause (ii), then the Secretary shall reduce the amount of
Federal Pell Grant assistance the student is eligible to receive under
this section for subsequent academic years by an amount equal to the
difference between the total amount the student received under this
subparagraph and the total amount the student would have received under
this section if this subparagraph had not been applied.
    ``(II) The Secretary shall reduce the amount of Federal Pell Grant
assistance the student is eligible to receive in subsequent academic
years by dividing the total amount to be reduced under subclause (I)
for the student by the number of years the student received an
increased Federal Pell Grant amount under clause (i), and deducting the
result from the amount of Federal Pell Grant assistance the student is
eligible to receive under this section for a number of subsequent
academic years equal to the number of academic years the student
received an increased Federal Pell Grant amount under clause (i).''.

Summary: st Century Federal Pell Grant Plus Act - Amends the Higher Education Act of 1965 to establish a Federal Pell Grant Plus program that increases, to double the amount calculated for the student, the Federal Pell Grant for those students who pursue programs of study in engineering, mathematics, science, or foreign languages.

A bill to provide additional assistance to recipients of Federal Pell Grants who are pursuing programs of study in engineering, mathematics, science, or foreign languages.


SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Corporate Tax Dodging Prevention
Act''.

SEC. 2. DEFERRAL OF ACTIVE INCOME OF CONTROLLED FOREIGN CORPORATIONS.

    Section 952 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by
adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(d) Special Application of Subpart.--
            ``(1) In general.--For taxable years beginning after
        December 31, 2013, notwithstanding any other provision of this
        subpart, the term `subpart F income' means, in the case of any
        controlled foreign corporation, the income of such corporation
        derived from any foreign country.
            ``(2) Applicable rules.--Rules similar to the rules under
        the last sentence of subsection (a) and subsection (d) shall
        apply to this subsection.''.

SEC. 3. MODIFICATIONS OF FOREIGN TAX CREDIT RULES APPLICABLE TO LARGE
              INTEGRATED OIL COMPANIES WHICH ARE DUAL CAPACITY
              TAXPAYERS.

    (a) In General.--Section 901 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986
is amended by redesignating subsection (n) as subsection (o) and by
inserting after subsection (m) the following new subsection:
    ``(n) Special Rules Relating to Large Integrated Oil Companies
Which Are Dual Capacity Taxpayers.--
            ``(1) General rule.--Notwithstanding any other provision of
        this chapter, any amount paid or accrued by a dual capacity
        taxpayer which is a large integrated oil company to a foreign
        country or possession of the United States for any period shall
        not be considered a tax--
                    ``(A) if, for such period, the foreign country or
                possession does not impose a generally applicable
                income tax, or
                    ``(B) to the extent such amount exceeds the amount
                (determined in accordance with regulations) which--
                            ``(i) is paid by such dual capacity
                        taxpayer pursuant to the generally applicable
                        income tax imposed by the country or
                        possession, or
                            ``(ii) would be paid if the generally
                        applicable income tax imposed by the country or
                        possession were applicable to such dual
                        capacity taxpayer.
                Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to imply
                the proper treatment of any such amount not in excess
                of the amount determined under subparagraph (B).
            ``(2) Dual capacity taxpayer.--For purposes of this
        subsection, the term `dual capacity taxpayer' means, with
        respect to any foreign country or possession of the United
        States, a person who--
                    ``(A) is subject to a levy of such country or
                possession, and
                    ``(B) receives (or will receive) directly or
                indirectly a specific economic benefit (as determined
                in accordance with regulations) from such country or
                possession.
            ``(3) Generally applicable income tax.--For purposes of
        this subsection--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `generally applicable
                income tax' means an income tax (or a series of income
                taxes) which is generally imposed under the laws of a
                foreign country or possession on income derived from
                the conduct of a trade or business within such country
                or possession.
                    ``(B) Exceptions.--Such term shall not include a
                tax unless it has substantial application, by its terms
                and in practice, to--
                            ``(i) persons who are not dual capacity
                        taxpayers, and
                            ``(ii) persons who are citizens or
                        residents of the foreign country or possession.
            ``(4) Large integrated oil company.--For purposes of this
        subsection, the term `large integrated oil company' means, with
        respect to any taxable year, an integrated oil company (as
        defined in section 291(b)(4)) which--
                    ``(A) had gross receipts in excess of
                $1,000,000,000 for such taxable year, and
                    ``(B) has an average daily worldwide production of
                crude oil of at least 500,000 barrels for such taxable
                year.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--
            (1) In general.--The amendments made by this section shall
        apply to taxes paid or accrued in taxable years beginning after
        the date of the enactment of this Act.
            (2) Contrary treaty obligations upheld.--The amendments
        made by this section shall not apply to the extent contrary to
        any treaty obligation of the United States.

SEC. 4. REINSTITUTION OF PER COUNTRY FOREIGN TAX CREDIT.

    (a) In General.--Subsection (a) of section 904 of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986 is amended to read as follows:
    ``(a) Limitation.--The amount of the credit in respect of the tax
paid or accrued to any foreign country or possession of the United
States shall not exceed the same proportion of the tax against which
such credit is taken which the taxpayer's taxable income from sources
within such country or possession (but not in excess of the taxpayer's
entire taxable income) bears to such taxpayer's entire taxable income
for the same taxable year.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by this section shall apply
to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2013.

SEC. 5. TREATMENT OF FOREIGN CORPORATIONS MANAGED AND CONTROLLED IN THE
              UNITED STATES AS DOMESTIC CORPORATIONS.

    (a) In General.--Section 7701 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986
is amended by redesignating subsection (p) as subsection (q) and by
inserting after subsection (o) the following new subsection:
    ``(p) Certain Corporations Managed and Controlled in the United
States Treated as Domestic for Income Tax.--
            ``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding subsection (a)(4), in
        the case of a corporation described in paragraph (2) if--
                    ``(A) the corporation would not otherwise be
                treated as a domestic corporation for purposes of this
                title, but
                    ``(B) the management and control of the corporation
                occurs, directly or indirectly, primarily within the
                United States,
        then, solely for purposes of chapter 1 (and any other provision
        of this title relating to chapter 1), the corporation shall be
        treated as a domestic corporation.
            ``(2) Corporation described.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A corporation is described in
                this paragraph if--
                            ``(i) the stock of such corporation is
                        regularly traded on an established securities
                        market, or
                            ``(ii) the aggregate gross assets of such
                        corporation (or any predecessor thereof),
                        including assets under management for
                        investors, whether held directly or indirectly,
                        at any time during the taxable year or any
                        preceding taxable year is $50,000,000 or more.
                    ``(B) General exception.--A corporation shall not
                be treated as described in this paragraph if--
                            ``(i) such corporation was treated as a
                        corporation described in this paragraph in a
                        preceding taxable year,
                            ``(ii) such corporation--
                                    ``(I) is not regularly traded on an
                                established securities market, and
                                    ``(II) has, and is reasonably
                                expected to continue to have, aggregate
                                gross assets (including assets under
                                management for investors, whether held
                                directly or indirectly) of less than
                                $50,000,000, and
                            ``(iii) the Secretary grants a waiver to
                        such corporation under this subparagraph.
                    ``(C) Exception from gross assets test.--
                Subparagraph (A)(ii) shall not apply to a corporation
                which is a controlled foreign corporation (as defined
                in section 957) and which is a member of an affiliated
                group (as defined section 1504, but determined without
                regard to section 1504(b)(3)) the common parent of
                which--
                            ``(i) is a domestic corporation (determined
                        without regard to this subsection), and
                            ``(ii) has substantial assets (other than
                        cash and cash equivalents and other than stock
                        of foreign subsidiaries) held for use in the
                        active conduct of a trade or business in the
                        United States.
            ``(3) Management and control.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall prescribe
                regulations for purposes of determining cases in which
                the management and control of a corporation is to be
                treated as occurring primarily within the United
                States.
                    ``(B) Executive officers and senior management.--
                Such regulations shall provide that--
                            ``(i) the management and control of a
                        corporation shall be treated as occurring
                        primarily within the United States if
                        substantially all of the executive officers and
                        senior management of the corporation who
                        exercise day-to-day responsibility for making
                        decisions involving strategic, financial, and
                        operational policies of the corporation are
                        located primarily within the United States, and
                            ``(ii) individuals who are not executive
                        officers and senior management of the
                        corporation (including individuals who are
                        officers or employees of other corporations in
                        the same chain of corporations as the
                        corporation) shall be treated as executive
                        officers and senior management if such
                        individuals exercise the day-to-day
                        responsibilities of the corporation described
                        in clause (i).
                    ``(C) Corporations primarily holding investment
                assets.--Such regulations shall also provide that the
                management and control of a corporation shall be
                treated as occurring primarily within the United States
                if--
                            ``(i) the assets of such corporation
                        (directly or indirectly) consist primarily of
                        as sets being managed on behalf of investors,
                        and
                            ``(ii) decisions about how to invest the
                        assets are made in the United States.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall
apply to taxable years beginning on or after the date which is 2 years
after the date of the enactment of this Act.

Summary: Corporate Tax Dodging Prevention Act - Amends the Internal Revenue Code, with respect to the taxation of the foreign-source income of domestic corporations, to: (1) eliminate the deferral of tax on the foreign-source income of US corporations for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2013, (2) deny the foreign tax credit to large integrated oil companies that are dual capacity taxpayers, (3) limit the offset of the foreign tax credit to income that is subject to US tax, and (4) treat foreign corporations managed and controlled in the United States as domestic corporations for US tax purposes.

Corporate Tax Dodging Prevention Act


SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Comprehensive Opioid Recovery
Centers Act of 2018''.

SEC. 2. COMPREHENSIVE OPIOID RECOVERY CENTERS.

    (a) In General.--Part D of title V of the Public Health Service Act
is amended by adding at the end the following new section:

``SEC. 550. COMPREHENSIVE OPIOID RECOVERY CENTERS.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall award grants on a
competitive basis to eligible entities to establish or operate a
comprehensive opioid recovery center (referred to in this section as a
`Center').
    ``(b) Grant Period.--
            ``(1) In general.--A grant awarded under subsection (a)
        shall be for a period not less than 3 years and not more than 5
        years.
            ``(2) Renewal.--A grant awarded under subsection (a) may be
        renewed, on a competitive basis, for additional periods of
        time, as determined by the Secretary. In determining whether to
        renew a grant under this paragraph, the Secretary shall
        consider the data submitted under subsection (h).
    ``(c) Minimum Number of Centers.--The Secretary shall allocate the
amounts made available under subsection (i) in such amounts that not
fewer than 10 Centers will be established across the United States.
    ``(d) Application.--In order to be eligible for a grant under
subsection (a), an entity shall submit an application to the Secretary
at such time and in such manner as the Secretary may require. Such
application shall include--
            ``(1) evidence that such entity carries out, or is capable
        of coordinating with other entities to carry out, the
        activities described in subsection (g); and
            ``(2) such other information as the Secretary may require.
    ``(e) Priority.--In awarding grants under subsection (a), the
Secretary shall give priority to eligible entities located in a State
or Indian country (as defined in section 1151 of title 18, United
States Code)--
            ``(1) with a high per capita drug overdose mortality rate,
        as determined by the Director of the Centers for Disease
        Control and Prevention; or
            ``(2) based on any other criteria or need, as determined by
        the Secretary.
    ``(f) Use of Grant Funds.--An eligible entity awarded a grant under
subsection (a) shall use the grant funds to establish or operate a
Center to carry out the activities described in subsection (g).
    ``(g) Center Activities and Services.--Each Center shall, at a
minimum, carry out the activities described in this subsection. In the
case of a Center that determines that a service described in paragraph
(2) cannot reasonably be carried out by the Center, such Center shall
contract with such other entities as may be necessary to ensure that
patients have access to the full range of services described in such
paragraph.
            ``(1) Community outreach.--Each Center shall carry out the
        following outreach activities:
                    ``(A) Train and supervise outreach staff to work
                with schools, workplaces, faith-based organizations,
                State and local health departments, law enforcement,
                and first responders to ensure that such institutions
                are aware of the services of the Center.
                    ``(B) Disseminate and make available online
                evidence-based resources that educate professionals and
                the public on opioid use disorder and other substance
                use disorders.
            ``(2) Treatment and recovery services.--Each Center shall
        provide the following treatment and recovery services:
                    ``(A) Ensure that intake evaluations meet the
                clinical needs of patients.
                    ``(B) Periodically conduct patient assessments to
                ensure continued and meaningful recovery, as defined by
                the Assistant Secretary for Mental Health and Substance
                Use.
                    ``(C) Provide the full continuum of treatment
                services, including--
                            ``(i) all drugs approved under section 505
                        of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and
                        all biological products licensed under section
                        351 of this Act, including methadone, to treat
                        substance use disorders, including opioid use
                        disorder and alcohol use disorder;
                            ``(ii) withdrawal management, which shall
                        include medically supervised detoxification
                        that includes patient evaluation,
                        stabilization, and readiness for and entry into
                        treatment;
                            ``(iii) counseling and case management,
                        including counseling and recovery services for
                        any possible co-occurring mental illness;
                            ``(iv) residential rehabilitation;
                            ``(v) recovery housing;
                            ``(vi) community-based and peer recovery
                        support services;
                            ``(vii) job training and placement
                        assistance to support reintegration into the
                        workforce; and
                            ``(viii) other best practices, as
                        determined by the Secretary.
                    ``(D) Administer an onsite pharmacy and provide
                toxicology services.
                    ``(E) Establish and operate a secure and
                confidential electronic health information system.
                    ``(F) Offer family support services such as child
                care, family counseling, and parenting interventions to
                help stabilize families impacted by substance use
                disorder.
    ``(h) Data Reporting and Program Oversight.--With respect to a
grant awarded under subsection (a) to an eligible entity for a Center,
not later than 90 days after the end of the first year of the grant
period, and annually thereafter for the duration of the grant period
(including the duration of any renewal period for such grant), the
entity shall submit data, as appropriate, to the Secretary regarding--
            ``(1) the programs and activities funded by the grant;
            ``(2) health outcomes of individuals with a substance use
        disorder who received services from the Center;
            ``(3) the effectiveness of interventions designed, tested,
        and evaluated by the Center; and
            ``(4) any other information that the Secretary may require
        for the purpose of--
                    ``(A) evaluating the effectiveness of the Center;
                and
                    ``(B) ensuring that the Center is complying with
                all the requirements of the grant, including providing
                the full continuum of services described in subsection
                (g)(2)(C) and providing drugs and devices for overdose
                reversal under such subsection.
    ``(i) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
appropriated $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023 for
purposes of carrying out this section.''.
    (b) Reports to Congress.--
            (1) Preliminary report.--Not later than 3 years after the
        date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Health and
        Human Services shall submit to Congress a preliminary report
        that analyzes data submitted under section 550(h) of the Public
        Health Service Act, as added by subsection (a).
            (2) Final report.--Not later than 1 year after submitting
        the preliminary report required under paragraph (1), the
        Secretary of Health and Human Services shall submit to Congress
        a final report that includes--
                    (A) an evaluation of the effectiveness of
                comprehensive opioid recovery centers established or
                operated pursuant to section 550 of the Public Health
                Service Act, as added by subsection (a);
                    (B) recommendations on whether the grant program
                established under such section 550 should be
                reauthorized and expanded; and
                    (C) standards and best practices for the treatment
                of substance use disorders, as identified through such
                grant program.

            Passed the House of Representatives June 12, 2018.

            Attest:

                                                 KAREN L. HAAS,

                                                                 Clerk.

Summary: Comprehensive Opioid Recovery Centers Act of 2018 This bill amends the Public Health Service Act to require the Department of Health and Human Services to award grants to establish or operate comprehensive opioid recovery centers. Priority for grants must be given to entities located in states or Indian country with a high per capita drug overdose mortality rate. Each center must carry out specified outreach activities and specified treatment and recovery services.


SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Commit to Opioid Medical Prescriber
Accountability and Safety for Seniors Act'' or the ``COMPASS Act''.

SEC. 2. MEDICARE NOTIFICATIONS TO OUTLIER PRESCRIBERS OF OPIOIDS.

    Section 1860D-4(c)(4) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w-
104(c)(4)) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
                    ``(D) Outlier prescriber notification.--
                            ``(i) Notification.--Beginning not later
                        than two years after the date of the enactment
                        of this subparagraph, the Secretary shall, in
                        the case of a prescriber identified by the
                        Secretary under clause (ii) to be an outlier
                        prescriber of opioids, provide, subject to
                        clause (iv), an annual notification to such
                        prescriber that such prescriber has been so
                        identified and that includes resources on
                        proper prescribing methods and other
                        information specified in accordance with clause
                        (iii).
                            ``(ii) Identification of outlier
                        prescribers of opioids.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--The Secretary
                                shall, subject to subclause (III),
                                using the valid prescriber National
                                Provider Identifiers included pursuant
                                to subparagraph (A) on claims for
                                covered part D drugs for part D
                                eligible individuals enrolled in
                                prescription drug plans under this part
                                or MA-PD plans under part C and based
                                on the threshold established under
                                subclause (II), conduct an analysis to
                                identify prescribers that are outlier
                                opioid prescribers for a period
                                specified by the Secretary.
                                    ``(II) Establishment of
                                threshold.--For purposes of subclause
                                (I) and subject to subclause (III), the
                                Secretary shall, after consultation
                                with stakeholders, establish a
                                threshold, based on prescriber
                                specialty and geographic area, for
                                identifying whether a prescriber in a
                                specialty and geographic area is an
                                outlier prescriber of opioids as
                                compared to other prescribers of
                                opioids within such specialty and area.
                                    ``(III) Exclusions.--The Secretary
                                may exclude the following individuals
                                and prescribers from the analysis under
                                this clause:
                                            ``(aa) Individuals
                                        receiving hospice services.
                                            ``(bb) Individuals with a
                                        cancer diagnosis.
                                            ``(cc) Prescribers who are
                                        the subject of an investigation
                                        by the Centers for Medicare &
                                        Medicaid Services or the Office
                                        of Inspector General of the
                                        Department of Health and Human
                                        Services.
                            ``(iii) Contents of notification.--The
                        Secretary shall, based on input from
                        stakeholders, specify the resources and other
                        information to be included in notifications
                        provided under clause (i).
                            ``(iv) Modifications and expansions.--
                                    ``(I) Frequency.--Beginning 5 years
                                after the date of the enactment of this
                                subparagraph, the Secretary may change
                                the frequency of the notifications
                                described in clause (i) based on
                                stakeholder input.
                                    ``(II) Expansion to other
                                prescriptions.--The Secretary may
                                expand notifications under this
                                subparagraph to include identifications
                                and notifications with respect to
                                concurrent prescriptions of covered
                                Part D drugs used in combination with
                                opioids that are considered to have
                                adverse side effects when so used in
                                such combination, as determined by the
                                Secretary.
                            ``(v) Opioids defined.--For purposes of
                        this subparagraph, the term `opioids' has such
                        meaning as specified by the Secretary through
                        program instruction or otherwise.''.

Summary: Commit to Opioid Medical Prescriber Accountability and Safety for Seniors Act or the COMPASS Act This bill requires the Centers for Medicare amp. Medicaid Services (CMS) to identify outlier prescribers of opioids under the Medicare prescription drug benefit and Medicare Advantage prescription drug plans. Specifically, the CMS must: (1) establish an opioid-prescription threshold for determining whether a prescriber is an outlier compared to other prescribers, based on specialty and geographic area, (2) use National Provider Identifiers to identify outlier prescribers. And (3) annually notify identified outlier prescribers of their status and provide them with resources on proper prescribing methods. The CMS may also identify and notify outlier prescribers based on co-prescriptions of covered drugs that have adverse effects when used in combination with opioids.


SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``International Peacekeeping Reform
Act of 1997''.

SEC. 2 LIMITATION ON THE USE OF FUNDS FOR UNITED NATIONS PEACEKEEPING
              ACTIVITIES.

    (a) Limitation.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, none
of the funds made available to the Department of State under the
account ``Contributions for International Peacekeeping Activities'' or
any other funds made available to the Department of State under any law
to pay for assessed or voluntary contributions to United Nations
peacekeeping activities shall be available for obligation or
expenditure to the United Nations to establish, expand in size, or
modify in mission a United Nations peacekeeping operations unless, with
respect to such peacekeeping operation--
            (1) the President submits a certification to the
        appropriate congressional committees under subsection (c); and
            (2) except as provided in paragraph (b), the President has
        notified the appropriate congressional committees of the intent
        to support the establishment of the peacekeeping operation at
        least 15 days before any vote in the Security Council to
        establish, expand, or modify such operation. The notification
        shall include the following:
                    (A) A cost assessment of such action (including the
                total estimated cost and the United States share of
                such cost).
                    (B) Identification of the source of funding for the
                United States share of the costs of the action (whether
                in an annual budget request, reprogramming
                notification, a rescission of funds, a budget
                amendment, or a supplemental budget request.
    (b) Presidential Determination of Existence of Emergency.--If the
President determines that an emergency exists which prevented
submission of the 15-day advance notification specified in paragraph
(a) and that the proposed action is in the direct national security
interests of the United States, the notification described in paragraph
(a) shall be provided in a timely manner but no later than 48 hours
after the vote by the Security Council.
    (c) Certification to Congress.--The President shall determine and
certify to the Congress that the United Nations Peacekeeping operation
described under paragraph (a) meets the following requirements:
            (1) The operation involves an international conflict in
        which hostilities have ceased and all significant parties to
        the conflict agree to the imposition of United Nations
        peacekeeping forces for the purpose of seeking an enduring
        solution to the conflict.
            (2) With respect to any assessed contribution to such
        United Nations peacekeeping activity, the percentage of the
        United States assessed share for the total cost of the
        operation is no greater than the percentage of the United
        States assessed share for the regular United Nations budget.
            (3) In the event that the provision of United States
        intelligence information involving sensitive sources and
        methods on intelligence gathering is planned to be provided to
        the United Nations to support the operation, adequate measures
        have been taken by the United Nations to protect such
        information.
            (4) With respect to the participation in the operation of
        units of the United States Armed Forces trained to carry out
        direct combat missions--
                    (A) the operation directly advances United States
                national security interests,
                    (B) the participation of such units is critical to
                the success of the operation,
                    (C) such units will be under the operational
                command and control of the United States Armed Forces,
                and
                    (D) any member of the United States Armed Forces
                participating in the operation would have access to the
                full protection of the Geneva Convention Relative to
                the Treatment of Prisoners of War (signed at Geneva,
                August 12, 1949) if captured and held by combatants or
                other parties to the conflict.
    (d) Definitions.--As used in this section:
            (1) the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means
        the Foreign Relations and Appropriations Committees of the
        Senate and the International Relations and Appropriations
        Committees of the House of Representatives;
            (2) the term ``adequate measures'' refers to the
        implementation of procedures for protecting intelligence
        sources and methods (including protection from release to
        nations and foreign nationals that are otherwise not eligible
        to receive such information) no less stringent than procedures
        maintained by nations with which the United States regularly
        shares similar types of intelligence information, as determined
        by the Director of Central Intelligence upon consultation with
        the Secretary of State and Secretary of Defense; and
            (3) the term ``direct combat'' means engaging an enemy or
        hostile force with individual or crew-served weapons while
        being exposed to direct enemy fire, a high probability of
        direct physical contact with the enemy or hostile force, and a
        substantial risk of capture.

Summary: International Peacekeeping Reform Act of 1997 - Prohibits funds made available to the Department of State under the Contributions for International Peacekeeping Activities Account, or under any law to pay for contributions for United Nations peacekeeping activities, from being available to the United Nations for the establishment, expansion, or modification in mission of a United Nations peacekeeping operation unless the President: (1) makes the certification required by this Act. And (2) notifies the Congress, at least 15 days before any vote by the United Nations Security Council to establish, expand, or modify such operation, of the intent to support the operation. Directs the President to certify that the peacekeeping operation meets the following requirements: (1) the operation involves an international conflict in which hostilities have ceased and all significant parties to the conflict agree to the imposition of United Nations forces to seek an enduring solution to the conflict. (2) the percentage of the US-assessed share of the operation's cost is no greater than the percentage of the share for the regular United Nations budget. (3) adequate measures have been taken by the United Nations to protect sensitive US-supplied intelligence information. And (4) with respect to units of the US armed forces trained to carry out direct combat missions, the operation advances US national security interests, the units are critical to the success of the operation and will be under US command and control, and any armed forces member would be protected by the Geneva Convention Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War.


SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Federal Workforce Reduction and
Reform Act of 2011''.

SEC. 2. FREEZE ON PAY AND BONUSES OF FEDERAL EMPLOYEES.

    (a) Extension of Pay Freeze for Federal Employees to 3 Years.--
Section 147 of the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2011 (Public Law 111-
242) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)(1), by striking ``December 31, 2012''
        and inserting ``December 31, 2014''; and
            (2) in subsection (c), by striking ``December 31, 2012''
        and inserting ``December 31, 2014''.
    (b) 3-Year Freeze on Bonuses.--
            (1) Definitions.--In this subsection--
                    (A) the term ``agency'' has the meaning given under
                section 4501(1) of title 5, United States Code; and
                    (B) the term ``employee'' has the meaning given
                under section 4501(2) of title 5, United States Code.
            (2) Freeze on bonuses.--Notwithstanding any other provision
        of law, during each of fiscal years 2012, 2013, and 2014, no
        agency may pay any bonus (including any recruitment or
        retention bonus) or any cash award (including any performance-
        based cash award under section 4505a of title 5, United States
        Code, or any similar provision of law) to any employee.

SEC. 3. REDUCTION IN FEDERAL WORKFORCE.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section--
            (1) the term ``agency'' means an Executive agency as
        defined under section 105 of title 5, United States Code,
        excluding the Government Accountability Office;
            (2) the term ``Federal employee'' means an employee as
        defined under section 2105 of title 5, United States Code; and
            (3) the term ``total number of Federal employees'' means
        the total number of Federal employees in all agencies.
    (b) Limitation.--The President, through the Office of Management
and Budget (in consultation with the Office of Personnel Management),
shall take appropriate measures to ensure that, effective beginning in
fiscal year 2022, the total number of Federal employees shall not
exceed 85 percent of the total number of Federal employees on September
30, 2011.
    (c) Monitoring and Notification.--The Office of Management and
Budget (in consultation with the Office of Personnel Management)--
            (1) shall continuously monitor all agencies and make a
        determination, as of September 30, 2011, and the last day of
        each quarter of each fiscal year beginning thereafter, as to
        whether or not the total number of Federal employees exceeds
        the maximum number allowable under subsection (b); and
            (2) whenever a determination under paragraph (1) is made
        that the total number of Federal employees exceeds the maximum
        number allowable under subsection (b), shall provide written
        notice to that effect to the President and Congress within 14
        days after the last day of the quarter to which such
        determination relates.
    (d) Compliance.--Whenever, with respect to the quarter ending on
September 30, 2021, or any subsequent quarter, the Office of Management
and Budget provides written notice under subsection (c)(2) that the
total number of Federal employees exceeds the maximum number allowable
under subsection (b), no agency may thereafter appoint any employee to
fill any vacancy within such agency until the Office of Management and
Budget provides written notice to the President and Congress of a
determination under subsection (c)(1) that the total number of Federal
employees no longer exceeds the maximum number allowable under
subsection (b). Any notice under the preceding sentence shall be
provided within 14 days after the last day of the quarter to which the
determination relates.
    (e) Waiver.--This section may be waived upon a determination by the
President that--
            (1) the existence of a state of war or other national
        security concern so requires; or
            (2) the existence of an extraordinary emergency threatening
        life, health, public safety, property, or the environment so
        requires.
    (f) Counting Rule.--For purposes of this section, any determination
of the number of employees in an agency shall be expressed on a full-
time equivalent basis.
    (g) Limitation on Procurement of Service Contracts.--The President,
through the Office of Management and Budget (in consultation with the
Office of Personnel Management), shall take appropriate measures to
ensure that there is no increase in the procurement of service
contracts by reason of the enactment of this section, except in cases
in which a cost comparison demonstrates that such contracts would be to
the financial advantage of the Government.
    (h) Regulations.--Any regulations necessary to carry out this
section may be prescribed by the President or his designee.

SEC. 4. REDUCTION IN CONTRACT EMPLOYEES.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section, the term ``agency'' means an
Executive agency as defined under section 105 of title 5, United States
Code, excluding the Government Accountability Office.
    (b) Limitation.--The President, through the Office of Management
and Budget (in consultation with the Office of Personnel Management),
shall take appropriate measures to ensure that, effective beginning in
fiscal year 2022, the total number of contract employees shall not
exceed 85 percent of the total number of contract employees on
September 30, 2011.
    (c) Monitoring and Notification.--The Office of Management and
Budget (in consultation with the Office of Personnel Management)--
            (1) shall continuously monitor all agencies and make a
        determination, as of September 30, 2011, and the last day of
        each quarter of each fiscal year beginning thereafter, as to
        whether or not the total number of contract employees exceeds
        the maximum number allowable under subsection (b); and
            (2) whenever a determination under paragraph (1) is made
        that the total number of contract employees exceeds the maximum
        number allowable under subsection (b), shall provide written
        notice to that effect to the President and Congress within 14
        days after the last day of the quarter to which such
        determination relates.
    (d) Compliance.--Whenever, with respect to the quarter ending on
September 30, 2021, or any subsequent quarter, the Office of Management
and Budget provides written notice under subsection (c)(2) that the
total number of contract employees exceeds the maximum number allowable
under subsection (b), no agency may thereafter appoint any employee to
fill any vacancy within such agency until the Office of Management and
Budget provides written notice to the President and Congress of a
determination under subsection (c)(1) that the total number of contract
employees no longer exceeds the maximum number allowable under
subsection (b). Any notice under the preceding sentence shall be
provided within 14 days after the last day of the quarter to which the
determination relates.
    (e) Waiver.--This section may be waived upon a determination by the
President that--
            (1) the existence of a state of war or other national
        security concern so requires; or
            (2) the existence of an extraordinary emergency threatening
        life, health, public safety, property, or the environment so
        requires.
    (f) Counting Rule.--For purposes of this section, any determination
of the number of contact employees shall be expressed on a full-time
equivalent basis.
    (g) Regulations.--Any regulations necessary to carry out this
section may be prescribed by the President or his designee.

SEC. 5. LIMITATION OF GOVERNMENT TRAVEL COSTS.

    (a) Definition.--In this section, the term ``agency''--
            (1) has the meaning given under section 5701(1) of title 5,
        United States Code; and
            (2) does not include the Department of Defense.
    (b) Limitation.--
            (1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of
        law, the total amount which is paid or reimbursed by an agency
        under subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, United States Code
        (relating to travel and subsistence expenses; mileage
        allowances for official travel by Federal employees) may not--
                    (A) for each of fiscal years 2012 and 2013, exceed
                50 percent of the total amount so paid or reimbursed by
                such agency for fiscal year 2011; and
                    (B) for fiscal year 2014, exceed 25 percent of the
                total amount so paid or reimbursed by such agency for
                fiscal year 2011.
            (2) Exceptions.--For purposes of carrying out paragraph
        (1), there shall not be taken into account the amounts paid or
        reimbursed for--
                    (A) any subsistence or travel expenses for
                threatened law enforcement personnel, as described in
                section 5706a of title 5, United States Code; or
                    (B) any other expenses for which an exception is
                established under paragraph (3) for reasons relating to
                national security or public safety.
            (3) Regulations.--Any regulations necessary to carry out
        this subsection shall, in consultation with the Director of the
        Office of Management and Budget, be prescribed by the same
        respective authorities as are responsible for prescribing
        regulations under section 5707 of title 5, United States Code.
    (c) Reserve Travel Amount.--
            (1) Definition.--In this subsection, the term ``reserve
        travel amount'' means an amount equal to 10 percent of the
        total amount of appropriations made available to an agency in
        any fiscal year for purposes of payment or reimbursement by
        that agency under subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, United
        States Code (relating to travel and subsistence expenses;
        mileage allowances for official travel by Federal employees).
            (2) Requirement.--For each of fiscal years 2012 through
        2014, each agency shall have a reserve travel amount available
        for expenditure or obligation on September 1 of each such
        fiscal year for purposes of payment or reimbursement by that
        agency under subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, United
        States Code (relating to travel and subsistence expenses;
        mileage allowances for official travel by Federal employees).

Summary: Federal Workforce Reduction and Reform Act of 2011 - Amends the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2011, to extend the freeze on statutory pay adjustments for federal civilian employees and increases in the rates of basic pay for senior executives or senior-level employees through December 31, 2014. Prohibits agencies from paying bonuses or cash awards to employees during FY2012-FY2014. Requires the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) to: (1) take appropriate measures to ensure that the total number of federal employees or contract employees, beginning in FY2022, does not exceed 85 of the total number of federal employees on September 30, 2011. (2) continuously monitor all agencies, make a determination on whether the total number of federal employees in any quarter of a fiscal year exceeds the maximum number allowed by this Act, and notify the President and Congress if the number exceeds the maximum. And (3) ensure that there is no increase in the procurement of service contracts due to this Act unless a cost comparison demonstrates that such contracts would be financially advantageous to the federal government. Prohibits a federal agency from filling any vacancy until OMB provides written notice to the President and Congress that the number of federal or contract employees does not exceed the limitation imposed by this Act. Allows the President to waive the workforce limitations imposed by this Act if the President determines that the existence of a state or war or other national security concern or the existence of an extraordinary emergency threatening life, health, public safety, property, or the environment so requires. Imposes limitations on the amount allowed for the reimbursement of travel costs incurred by federal employees in FY2012-FY2014 unless such expenses are incurred by threatened law enforcement personnel or for reasons relating to national security or public safety.

A bill to reduce the size of the Federal workforce and Federal employee cost relating to pay, bonuses, and travel.