SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Berta Caceres Human Rights in
Honduras Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) The Honduran police are widely established to be deeply
        corrupt and commit human rights abuses, including torture,
        rape, illegal detention, and murder, with impunity.
            (2) The New York Times revealed documents on April 15,
        2016, indicating that top officials of the Honduran police
        ordered the killings of drug-crime investigators Julian
        Aristides Gonzales and Alfredo Landaverde in 2009 and 2011,
        respectively, with the subsequent knowledge of top police and,
        evidently, high-ranking government officials. The Times
        suggested in a subsequent article that the revelations were
        being manipulated by the President of Honduras for his own
        corrupt purposes.
            (3) Individuals in the police with documented records of
        having committed gross human abuses with impunity continue to
        be appointed to high positions within the police.
            (4) International human rights bodies have reported that
        the Honduran military and police commit human rights abuses,
        including killings, with impunity. The Associated Press has
        documented death squad activity by police. Human Rights Watch
        reports: ``The use of lethal force by the national police is a
        chronic problem. Investigations into the police abuses are
        marred by inefficiency and corruption, little information about
        them is made public; and impunity is the rule.''.
            (5) The Department of State's Honduran Human Rights Report
        for 2016 reports: ``Impunity remains a serious problem, with
        prosecution in cases of military and police officials charged
        with human rights violations moving too slowly or remaining
        inconclusive.''.
            (6) Repeated efforts to clean up the Honduran police have
        largely failed. A recent commission to clean up the police
        reports that it has separated a number of police. However, to
        date there has been minimal and only token progress in
        effectively prosecuting members of the police involved in
        corruption and human rights abuses, and the reported
        separations have not been independently verified. Moreover,
        long-lasting, fundamental reform of the police still needs to
        be enacted.
            (7) Rights Action documented the Fifteenth Battalion of the
        Honduran Armed Forces allegedly participated with police and
        private security forces in some of the killings of over 100
        small-farmer activists in the Aguan Valley beginning in 2000.
        In 2015, Human Rights Watch confirmed that the killings of
        Aguan farmers were met with no consequences. To date there has
        been one confirmed conviction of a private actor.
        Assassinations of key activists continue. In October 2016, Jose
        Angel Flores, the president of the Unified Campesino Movement
        of the Aguan (MUCA), and Silmer Dionisio George, another MUCA
        member, were assassinated.
            (8) Further examples abound of human rights abuses by the
        military: in July 2013 members of the Armed Forces shot and
        killed Tomas Garcia, a Lenca Indigenous activist, and injured
        his son while they were peacefully protesting a dam project; in
        May 2014, nine members of the Ninth Infantry reportedly
        tortured and killed Amado Maradiaga Quiroz and tortured his
        son, Milton Noe Maradiaga Varela. The cases remain unresolved.
        In a recent emblematic case, on December 27, 2015, the Honduran
        Navy reportedly killed Joel Palacios Lino and Elvis Armando
        Garcia, two Garifuna Afro-Indigenous men who were engaged in
        digging a car out of the sand on a beach. The case remains in
        impunity over a year later.
            (9) The current Government of Honduras has expanded the
        military's reach into domestic policing, including the creation
        of a 3,000-member Military Police in clear violation of the
        Honduran constitution and with disastrous results, including
        the killings of a 15-year-old boy, Ebed Yanes, in 2012 and a
        student, Erlin Misael Carias Moncada, in 2014, after they had
        passed unarmed through checkpoints, and the January 2, 2017,
        killing of 17-year-old Edgardo Moreno Rodriquez. Since the
        creation of the Military Police ``allegations of human rights
        abuses by the military have increased notably'', reports Human
        Rights Watch. In 2016 the creation of two new battalions of the
        Military Police was announced.
            (10) The Honduran judicial system has been widely
        documented to be rife with corruption. Judges, prosecutors and
        other officials are interconnected with organized crime and
        drug traffickers, contributing to near-complete immunity.
            (11) The Department of State in its 2015 Human Rights
        Report for Honduras reports ``corruption, intimidation, and
        institutional weakness of the justice system leading to
        widespread impunity.''.
            (12) Summarizing the situation, Human Rights Watch reports
        in 2016 that ``Rampant crime and impunity for human rights
        abuses remain the norm in Honduras . . . Efforts to reform the
        institutions responsible for providing public security have
        made little progress. Marred by corruption and abuse, the
        judiciary and police remain largely ineffective.''.
            (13) The March 2, 2016, assassination of prominent Lenca
        Indigenous and environmental activist Berta Caceres, world-
        renowned recipient of the 2015 Goldman Environmental Prize for
        her work defending Indigenous land rights against a
        hydroelectric dam project, illustrates the human rights crisis
        in Honduras, and the deep complicity of the Honduran
        government. Caceres, the leader of COPINH, the Council of
        Indigenous and Popular Organizations of Honduras, had reported
        to authorities 33 threats previous to her killing, but none had
        been investigated, and the government had failed to provide
        adequate protection measures as mandated by the Inter-American
        Commission on Human Rights, with protection by Honduran
        security being withdrawn the day of her death.
            (14) As of February 2017, eight suspects, four of whom have
        ties to the Honduran military, have been arrested in the
        killing of Caceres, one of whom is a current officer in the
        military and three others are former military. These arrests
        raise serious questions about the role of the Honduran military
        in her assassination, including the chain of command within the
        military as well as the identity of the true authors of the
        assassination.
            (15) The Government of Honduras continues to unduly limit
        legally mandated access by Ms. Caceres' family to the case
        file. In late September 2016, the original case file was
        allowed to leave the Public Ministry and was stolen.
            (16) Despite calls from 62 Members of Congress, members of
        the family of Berta Caceres, COPINH, leaders of the European
        Union, the Vatican Pontifical Council on Peace and Justice, and
        many others, the Honduran government has not permitted the
        Inter-American Commission on Human rights to conduct an
        independent investigation of the case.
            (17) In this context of corruption and human rights abuses,
        trade unionists, journalists, lawyers, Afro-Indigenous
        activists, Indigenous activists, small-farmer activists, LGBTI
        activists, human rights defenders, and critics of the
        government remain at severe risk; and previous human rights
        abuses against them remain largely unpunished.
            (18) The May 2, 2016, shooting of prominent opposition
        journalist Felix Molina illustrates the continued risk facing
        activists. Hours before he was shot, Molina had posted
        information potentially linking Caceres's killing to a top
        government official, members of an elite family, and one of the
        prosecutors in the case.
            (19) The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 allocated
        approximately $18,000,000 to the Honduran police and military,
        in addition to the National Defense Authorization Act for
        Fiscal Year 2016 authorizing additional funding. The
        Administration's funding request for fiscal year 2017 also
        calls for an increase in security funding for Honduras.
            (20) The Inter-American Development Bank in 2012 lent
        $59,800,000 to the Honduran police, with United States
        approval.

SEC. 3. SUSPENSION AND RESTRICTIONS OF SECURITY ASSISTANCE EXTENDED TO
              REPUBLIC OF HONDURAS UNLESS CERTAIN CONDITIONS HAVE BEEN
              MET.

    (a) Suspension of Security Assistance.--No funds may be made
available to provide assistance for the police or military of the
Republic of Honduras, including assistance for equipment and training.
    (b) Loans From Multilateral Development Banks.--The Secretary of
the Treasury shall instruct United States representatives at
multilateral development banks to vote no on any loans for the police
or military of the Republic of Honduras.

SEC. 4. CONDITIONS FOR LIFTING SUSPENSIONS AND RESTRICTIONS.

    The provisions of this Act shall terminate on the date on which the
Secretary of State determines and certifies to the Committee on Foreign
Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign
Relations of the Senate that the Government of Honduras has--
            (1) pursued all legal avenues to bring to trial and obtain
        a verdict of those who ordered and carried out--
                    (A) the March 2, 2016, murder of Berta Caceres;
                    (B) the killings of over 100 small-farmer activists
                in the Aguan Valley;
                    (C) the December 27, 2015, killings of Joel
                Palacios Lino and Elvis Armando Garcia; and
                    (D) the May 3, 2016, armed attack on Felix Molina;
            (2) investigated and successfully prosecuted members of
        military and police forces who are credibly found to have
        violated human rights, and ensured that the military and police
        cooperated in such cases, and that such violations have ceased;
            (3) withdrawn the military from domestic policing, in
        accordance with the Honduran Constitution, and ensured that all
        domestic police functions are separated from the command and
        control of the Armed Forces of Honduras and are instead
        directly responsible to civilian authority;
            (4) established that it protects effectively the rights of
        trade unionists, journalists, human rights defenders,
        Indigenous, Afro-Indigenous, small-farmer, and LGBTI activists,
        critics of the government, and other civil society activists to
        operate without interference; and
            (5) taken effective steps to fully establish the rule of a
        law and to guarantee a judicial system that is capable of
        investigating, prosecuting, and bringing to justice members of
        the police and military who have committed human rights abuses.

Summary: Berta Caceres Human Rights in Honduras Act This bill prohibits funds from being made available to Honduras for the police or military , and directs the Department of the Treasury to instruct US representatives at multilateral development banks to vote against any loans for the police or military of Honduras, until the Department of States certifies that the government of Honduras has: prosecuted members of the military and police for human rights violations and ensured that such violations have ceased. Established the rule of law and guaranteed a judicial system capable of bringing to justice members of the police and military who have committed human rights abuses. Established that it protects the rights of trade unionists, journalists, human rights defenders, government critics, and civil society activists to operate without interference, withdrawn the military from domestic policing. And brought to trial and obtained verdicts against those who ordered and carried out the attack on Felix Molina and the killings of Berta Caceres, Joel Palacios Lino, Elvis Armando Garcia, and over 100 small-farmer activists in the Aguan Valley.

Berta Cáceres Human Rights in Honduras Act


SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Corporate Welfare Reduction and Job
Preservation Act of 2006''.

SEC. 2. CONGRESSIONAL FINDINGS.

    The Congress finds the following:
            (1) Corporations are subject to a tax rate of up to 34
        percent or 35 percent.
            (2) Over the past several years, one of the most serious
        problems affecting the middle-class has been corporate
        downsizing. Many large, wealthy, and profitable corporations
        have reduced the number of their American employees by
        transferring those jobs to foreign countries or have reduced
        the number of their employees in order to realize an immediate
        short-term profit or increase in stock value.

SEC. 3. REDUCTION OF TAX BENEFITS FOR PROFITABLE LARGE CORPORATIONS
              WHICH REDUCE WORKFORCE.

    (a) In General.--Subchapter C of chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986 (relating to corporate distributions and adjustments) is
amended by adding at the end the following new part:

``PART VII--REDUCTION OF TAX BENEFITS FOR PROFITABLE LARGE CORPORATIONS
                         WHICH REDUCE WORKFORCE

``Sec. 386. Reduction of tax benefits for profitable large corporations
                            which reduce workforce.

``SEC. 386. REDUCTION OF TAX BENEFITS FOR PROFITABLE LARGE CORPORATIONS
              WHICH REDUCE WORKFORCE.

    ``(a) In General.--For any taxable year, if any profitable large
corporation reduces by 15 percent or more the number of employees who
perform any task or function at any facility in the United States, the
amount of each facility-related tax benefit shall be reduced by 50
percent.
    ``(b) Definitions and Special Rules.--For purposes of this
section--
            ``(1) Facility-related tax benefit.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `facility-related tax
                benefit' means--
                            ``(i) any tax benefit to the extent
                        attributable to a facility described in
                        subsection (a), or
                            ``(ii) to the extent that a tax benefit is
                        not attributable to any facility, a pro rata
                        portion of such tax benefit (as determined
                        under regulations prescribed by the Secretary).
                    ``(B) Exception.--Such term shall not include--
                            ``(i) any exclusion from gross income under
                        section 127 or 129 or any other deduction for
                        the cost of employee health care, child care,
                        job training, or retraining, or
                            ``(ii) any other tax benefit (other than
                        wages) which the Secretary determines by
                        regulation to be a tax benefit for costs
                        incurred primarily for the benefit of employees
                        rather than the employer.
            ``(2) Large corporation.--The term `large corporation'
        means a corporation or partnership which is not a small-
        business concern (within the meaning of section 3 of the Small
        Business Act, as in effect on the date of the enactment of this
        section).
            ``(3) Profitable.--Any large corporation shall be treated
        as profitable, for any taxable year, if the sum of taxable
        income (if any) for the 5-taxable-year period ending with the
        preceding taxable year (or, if shorter, the period consisting
        of all preceding taxable years of such large corporation)
        equals or exceeds the sum of the net operating losses (if any)
        attributable to such period.
            ``(4) Related persons.--
                    ``(A) In general.--All related persons shall be
                treated as one person.
                    ``(B) Related persons defined.--The term `related
                persons' means--
                            ``(i) persons bearing a relationship
                        described in section 267 or 707(b), and
                            ``(ii) persons treated as a single employer
                        under subsection (a) or (b) of section 52.
            ``(5) Tax benefit.--The term `tax benefit' means a credit,
        deduction, or exclusion allowable under this title.''
    (b) Transmission of Data by Secretary of Labor.--The Secretary of
Labor shall transmit to the Secretary of the Treasury, not less than
annually, a list of corporations and partnerships described in section
386(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (as added by this section).
    (c) Clerical Amendment.--The table of parts for subchapter C of
chapter 1 of such Code is amended by adding at the end the following
new item:

``Part VII. Reduction of tax benefits for profitable large corporations
                        which reduce workforce''

    (d) Effective Date.--This section and the amendments made by this
section shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2006.

SEC. 4. ACCELERATION OF LOANS MADE BY CERTAIN GOVERNMENT ENTITIES AS
              PENALTY AGAINST PROFITABLE LARGE CORPORATIONS WHICH
              REDUCE WORKFORCE.

    (a) OPIC Loans.--Section 235 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961
(22 U.S.C. 2195) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(g) Limitations on Assistance to Profitable Large Corporations
That Reduce Workforce.--
            ``(1) In general.--If a facility-related tax benefit of an
        entity for a taxable year is reduced by reason of section
        386(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, then--
                    ``(A) the entity shall immediately repay to the
                Corporation the amount of any loan made by the
                Corporation to the entity under section 234;
                    ``(B) any insurance policy provided by the
                Corporation to the entity under such section is
                rescinded; and
                    ``(C) until the Secretary of the Treasury
                determines that the activity on the basis of which the
                facility-related tax benefit of the entity was so
                reduced has ceased, the Corporation may not, during the
                immediately succeeding taxable year of the entity,
                extend credit, participate in an extension of credit,
                or provide any insurance, directly to the entity under
                such section.
            ``(2) Effect of failure to repay loan.--Interest shall
        accrue on any amount required by paragraph (1)(A) to be repaid
        to the Corporation at a rate of 10 percent per month.''.
    (b) Export-Import Bank Loans.--Section 2 of the Export-Import Bank
Act of 1945 (12 U.S.C. 635) is amended by adding at the end the
following:
    ``(g) Limitations on Assistance to Profitable Large Corporations
That Reduce Workforce.--
            ``(1) In general.--If a facility-related tax benefit of an
        entity for a taxable year is reduced by reason of section
        386(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, then--
                    ``(A) the entity shall immediately repay to the
                Bank the amount of any loan made by the Bank to the
                entity;
                    ``(B) any insurance policy provided by the Bank to
                the entity is rescinded; and
                    ``(C) until the Secretary of the Treasury
                determines that the activity on the basis of which the
                facility-related tax benefit of the entity was so
                reduced has ceased, the Bank may not, during the
                immediately succeeding taxable year of the entity,
                extend credit, participate in an extension of credit,
                or provide any insurance, directly to the entity.
            ``(2) Effect of failure to repay loan.--Interest shall
        accrue on any amount required by paragraph (1)(A) to be repaid
        to the Bank at a rate of 10 percent per month.''.

Summary: Corporate Welfare Reduction and Job Preservation Act of 2006 - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to require a 50 reduction in tax benefits for certain large profitable corporations that reduce their employee workforce by 15 or more. Defines large profitable corporation as a corporation or partnership that is not defined as a small business concern under the Small Business Act and which has a taxable income that exceeds net operating losses during a specified five-year period. Amends the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 and the Export-Import Act of 1945 to require large profitable corporations that reduce their employee workforce by 15 or more to immediately repay loans and forfeit insurance benefits and credit lines provided by such Acts.

To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to reduce by 50 percent certain tax benefits allowable to profitable large corporations which make certain workforce reductions.


SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``End Excessive Oil Speculation Now
Act of 2011''.

SEC. 2. ELIMINATION OF EXCESSIVE OIL SPECULATION.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds that--
            (1) the national average retail price for a gallon of
        gasoline was $3.75 on June 8, 2011;
            (2) increased gasoline prices are causing severe economic
        pain to the American people;
            (3) Congress has a responsibility--
                    (A) to ensure that gasoline prices at the pump
                reflect the fundamentals of supply and demand; and
                    (B) to bring needed relief to consumers and
                businesses of the United States at the gas pump;
            (4) there is mounting evidence that the spike in gasoline
        prices has--
                    (A) little to do with the fundamentals of supply
                and demand; and
                    (B) more to do with Wall Street speculators
                increasing oil and gas prices in the energy futures and
                swaps markets;
            (5) as of May 27, 2011--
                    (A) the supply of gasoline in the United States was
                higher than it was 2 years ago; and
                    (B) the demand for gasoline was lower than it was 2
                years ago when the national average for a gallon of
                regular unleaded gasoline was $2.44 a gallon;
            (6) on May 12, 2011, Exxon Mobil Chairman and Chief
        Executive Officer, Rex Tillerson, told the Committee on Finance
        of the Senate that oil should cost between $60 and $70 per
        barrel, if the price of oil was based on supply and demand
        fundamentals;
            (7) on March 21, 2011, Goldman Sachs warned clients that
        speculators were boosting crude oil prices by as much as $27 a
        barrel;
            (8) on March 25, 2011, Delta Airlines General Counsel, Ben
        Hirst, said that the marginal cost of oil production is between
        $60 to $70 a barrel;
            (9) in the summer of 2008, when gas prices rose to over $4
        a gallon, Saudi Arabian government officials told the Federal
        Government that speculators were responsible for increasing oil
        prices by about $40 a barrel;
            (10) the Commodity Futures Trading Commission has the
        authority to ensure that the price discovery for oil and
        gasoline is based on the fundamentals of supply and demand,
        rather than excessive speculation;
            (11) title VII of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and
        Consumer Protection Act (15 U.S.C. 8301 et seq.) (and
        amendments made by that Act) requires the Commission to
        establish position limits ``to diminish, eliminate, or prevent
        excessive speculation'' for trading in crude oil, gasoline,
        heating oil and other physical commodity derivatives;
            (12) as of the date of introduction of this Act, the
        Commission has failed to impose position limits to diminish,
        eliminate, or prevent excessive oil and gasoline speculation as
        required by law; and
            (13) the proposed position limits for derivatives that the
        Commission included in the notice of proposed rulemaking
        entitled ``Position Limits for Derivatives'' (76 Fed. Reg. 4752
        (January 26, 2011)) are not scheduled to go into effect until
        the first quarter of 2012, which would--
                    (A) occur on a date that is later than the
                statutory deadline for the regulations; and
                    (B) fail to diminish, eliminate, or prevent
                excessive speculation as required by the Dodd-Frank
                Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Public
                Law 111-203; 124 Stat. 1376).
    (b) Elimination of Excessive Oil Speculation.--
            (1) Definitions.--In this Act:
                    (A) Bona-fide hedge trading; bona-fide hedge
                transaction.--The terms ``bona-fide hedge trading'' and
                ``bona-fide hedge transaction'' means a transaction or
                position that--
                            (i)(I) represents a substitute for a
                        transaction made or to be made, or a position
                        taken or to be taken, at a later time in a
                        physical marketing channel;
                            (II) is economically appropriate for the
                        reduction of risks in the conduct and
                        management of a commercial enterprise; and
                            (III) arises from the potential change in
                        the value of--
                                    (aa) assets that a person owns,
                                produces, manufactures, processes, or
                                merchandises or anticipates owning,
                                producing, manufacturing, processing,
                                or merchandising;
                                    (bb) liabilities that a person has
                                incurred or anticipates incurring; or
                                    (cc) services that a person
                                provides, purchases, or anticipates
                                providing or purchasing; or
                            (ii) reduces risks attendant to a position
                        resulting from a swap that--
                                    (I) was executed opposite a
                                counterparty for which the transaction
                                would qualify as a bona-fide hedging
                                transaction; or
                                    (II) meets the requirements of
                                clause (i).
                    (B) Commission.--The term ``Commission'' means the
                Commodity Futures Trading Commission.
            (2) Duty of chairman of the commission.--Notwithstanding
        section 2 of the Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. 2) or any
        other provision of law (including regulations), not later than
        14 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Chairman
        of the Commission shall unilaterally--
                    (A) establish 1 or more speculative position limits
                in any registered entity on or through which crude oil,
                gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, or heating oil futures
                or swaps are traded that are equal to the position
                accountability levels or position limits, as
                appropriate, established by the New York Mercantile
                Exchange;
                    (B) establish 1 or more speculative position limits
                that are equal to the position accountability levels or
                position limits, as appropriate, established by the New
                York Mercantile Exchange on the aggregate number or
                amount of positions in contracts based upon the same
                underlying commodity that may be held by any person,
                including any group or class of traders, for each month
                across--
                            (i) contracts listed by designated contract
                        markets;
                            (ii) with respect to an agreement,
                        contract, or transaction that settles against
                        any price (including the daily or final
                        settlement price) of 1 or more contracts listed
                        for trading on a registered entity, contracts
                        traded on a foreign board of trade that
                        provides members or other participants located
                        in the United States with direct access to the
                        electronic trading and order matching system of
                        the foreign board of trade; and
                            (iii) swap contracts that perform or affect
                        a significant price discovery function with
                        respect to regulated entities;
                    (C) establish margin requirements of 12 percent for
                speculative swaps and futures trading in crude oil,
                gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, and heating oil;
                    (D) require that each bank holding company,
                investment bank, hedge fund, or swaps dealer engaged in
                the trading of energy futures or swaps for the benefit
                of the bank holding company, investment bank, hedge
                fund, or swaps dealer or on the behalf of, or as
                counterparty to, an index fund, exchange traded fund,
                or other noncommercial participant--
                            (i) register with the Commission as a
                        noncommercial participant; and
                            (ii) be subject to each position limit and
                        margin requirement under this subsection for
                        each position in a manner by which the position
                        is considered to be a speculative, proprietary
                        position of the bank holding company,
                        investment bank, hedge fund, or swaps dealer;
                    (E) take any other action that the Chairman of the
                Commission determines to be necessary to eliminate
                excessive speculation in the aggregate to ensure that
                the price of crude oil, gasoline, diesel fuel, jet
                fuel, and heating oil accurately reflects the
                fundamentals of supply and demand; and
                    (F) ensure that each bank holding company, hedge
                fund, investment bank, and swaps dealer that is engaged
                in the trading of energy futures or swaps for the
                benefit of the bank holding company, hedge fund,
                investment bank, and swaps dealer, or on the behalf of,
                or as counterparty to, 1 or more noncommercial
                participants, abides by each position limit and margin
                requirement under this subsection.
            (3) Applicability.--Each position limit and margin
        requirement under this subsection shall not apply to bona-fide
        hedge trading.
            (4) Adjustments.--Notwithstanding section 2 of the
        Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. 2) or any other provision of
        law (including regulations), the Chairman of the Commission may
        adjust any position limit under this subsection to the extent
        that the position of all noncommercial participants or
        speculators (in the aggregate and measured on an annual basis)
        shall not equal an amount greater than 35 percent of the
        annual, aggregate position of all traders in such futures and
        swaps market or markets for crude oil, gasoline, diesel fuel,
        jet fuel, and heating oil trading.
            (5) Sunset.--
                    (A) In general.--This Act, and the authority
                provided under this Act, shall terminate on the date on
                which the Commission imposes position limits to
                diminish, eliminate, or prevent excessive speculation
                as required by, and increased margin requirements as
                authorized in, title VII of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street
                Reform and Consumer Protection Act (15 U.S.C. 8301 et
                seq.) (and amendments made by that Act).
                    (B) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress
                that, if finalized, the proposed position limits for
                derivatives that the Commission included in the notice
                of proposed rulemaking entitled ``Position Limits for
                Derivatives'' (76 Fed. Reg. 4752 (January 26, 2011))
                are not sufficient to fulfill the statutory
                requirements of title VII of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street
                Reform and Consumer Protection Act (15 U.S.C. 8301 et
                seq.) (and amendments made by that Act) to diminish,
                eliminate, or prevent excessive speculation.

Summary: End Excessive Oil Speculation Now Act of 2011 - Directs the Chairman of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) to establish speculative position limits: (1) in any registered trading entity on or through which crude oil, gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, or heating oil futures or swaps are traded that are equal to the position accountability levels or position limits established by the New York Mercantile Exchange (Exchange). And (2) that are equal to the position accountability levels or position limits established by such Exchange upon the aggregate number or amount of positions in contracts based upon the same underlying commodity that may be held by any person for each month across specified contracts, transactions, and swap contracts. Directs the Chairman to: (1) establish margin requirements of 12 for speculative swaps and futures trading in crude oil, gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, and heating oil. (2) require each bank holding company, investment bank, hedge fund, or swaps dealer trading energy futures or swaps for its own benefit, or on behalf of, or as counterparty to, an index fund, exchange traded fund, or other noncommercial participant, to register with the CFTC as a noncommercial participant and be subject to position limits and margin requirements under this Act. Exempts bona-fide hedge trading from such position limits and margin requirements. Expresses the sense of Congress that, if finalized, the proposed position limits for derivatives that the CFTC included in a specified notice of proposed rulemaking do not fulfill the requirements of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act to diminish, eliminate, or prevent excessive speculation.

To require the Chairman of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission to impose unilaterally position limits and margin requirements to eliminate excessive oil speculation, and to take other actions to ensure that the price of crude oil, gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, and heating oil accurately reflects the fundamentals of supply and demand, to remain in effect until the date on which the Commission establishes position limits to diminish, eliminate, or prevent excessive speculation as required by title VII of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, and for other purposes.


SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``New Medications to Treat Addiction
Act of 1998''.

                   TITLE I--PHARMACOTHERAPY RESEARCH

SEC. 101. REAUTHORIZATION FOR MEDICATION DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.

    Section 464P(e) of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 285o-
4(e)) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
appropriated to carry out this section such sums as may be necessary
for each of the fiscal years 1999 through 2001 of which the following
amount may be appropriated from the Violent Crime Reduction Trust Fund:
            ``(1) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2000; and
            ``(2) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2001.''.

           TITLE II--PATENT PROTECTIONS FOR PHARMACOTHERAPIES

SEC. 201. RECOMMENDATION FOR INVESTIGATION OF DRUGS.

    Section 525(a) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21
U.S.C. 360aa(a)) is amended--
            (1) in the first sentence, by striking ``States'' and
        inserting ``States, or for treatment of an addiction to illegal
        drugs,'';
            (2) in the second sentence, by striking ``States'' and
        inserting ``States, or for treatment of an addiction to illegal
        drugs''; and
            (3) by striking ``such disease or condition'' each place it
        appears and inserting ``such disease or condition, or treatment
        of such addiction,''.

SEC. 202. DESIGNATION OF DRUGS.

    Section 526(a) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21
U.S.C. 360bb(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) by inserting before the period in the first
                sentence the following: ``, or for treatment of an
                addiction to illegal drugs'';
                    (B) in the third sentence, by striking ``rare
                disease or condition'' and inserting ``rare disease or
                condition, or for treatment of an addiction to illegal
                drugs,'';
                    (C) by striking ``such disease or condition,'' and
                inserting ``such disease or condition, or treatment of
                such addiction,''; and
                    (D) by striking ``such disease or condition.'' and
                inserting ``such disease or condition, or treatment of
                such addiction.''; and
            (2) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) by striking ``(2) For'' and inserting ``(2)(A)
                For'';
                    (B) by striking ``(A) affects'' and inserting ``(i)
                affects'';
                    (C) by striking ``(B) affects'' and inserting
                ``(ii) affects''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(B) For purposes of this subchapter, the term `treatment of an
addiction to illegal drugs' means treatment by any pharmacological
agent or medication that--
            ``(i) reduces the craving for an illegal drug for an
        individual who--
                    ``(I) habitually uses the illegal drug in a manner
                that endangers the public health, safety, or welfare;
                or
                    ``(II) is so addicted to the use of the illegal
                drug that the individual is not able to control the
                addiction through the exercise of self-control;
            ``(ii) blocks the behavioral and physiological effects of
        an illegal drug for an individual described in clause (i);
            ``(iii) safely serves as a replacement therapy for the
        treatment of abuse of an illegal drug for an individual
        described in clause (i);
            ``(iv) moderates or eliminates the process of withdrawal
        from an illegal drug for an individual described in clause (i);
            ``(v) blocks or reverses the toxic effect of an illegal
        drug on an individual described in clause (i); or
            ``(vi) prevents, where possible, the initiation of abuse of
        an illegal drug in individuals at high risk.
    ``(C) The term `illegal drug' means a controlled substance
identified under schedules I, II, III, IV, and V in section 202(c) of
the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 812(c)).''.

SEC. 203. PROTECTION FOR DRUGS.

    Section 527 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C.
360cc) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``rare disease or
        condition,'' and inserting ``rare disease or condition, or for
        treatment of an addiction to illegal drugs,'';
            (2) in subsection (b), by striking ``rare disease or
        condition'' and inserting ``rare disease or condition, or for
        treatment of an addiction to illegal drugs,'';
            (3) by striking ``such disease or condition'' each place it
        appears and inserting ``such disease or condition, or treatment
        of such addiction,''; and
            (4) in subsection (b)(1), by striking ``the disease or
        condition'' and inserting ``the disease, condition, or
        addiction''.

SEC. 204. OPEN PROTOCOLS FOR INVESTIGATIONS OF DRUGS.

    Section 528 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C.
360dd) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``rare disease or condition'' and inserting
        ``rare disease or condition, or for treatment of an addiction
        to illegal drugs,''; and
            (2) by striking ``the disease or condition'' each place it
        appears and inserting ``the disease, condition, or addiction''.

SEC. 205. CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.

    (a) Subchapter Heading.--The subchapter heading of subchapter B of
chapter V of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 360aa
et seq.) is amended by striking ``Conditions'' and inserting
``Conditions, or for Treatment of an Addiction''.
    (b) Section Headings.--The section heading of sections 525 through
528 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 360aa
through 360dd) are amended by striking ``conditions'' and inserting
``conditions, or for treatment of an addiction''.
    (c) Fees.--Section 736(a)(1)(E) of the Federal Food, Drug, and
Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 379h(a)(1)(E)) is amended--
            (1) in the subparagraph heading, by striking ``orphan'';
            (2) by striking ``for a rare disease or condition'' each
        place it appears and inserting ``for a rare disease or
        condition, or for treatment of an addiction to illegal
        drugs,''; and
            (3) in the first sentence, by striking ``rare disease or
        condition.'' and inserting ``rare disease or condition, or
        other than for treatment of an addiction to illegal drugs,
        respectively.''.

 TITLE III--ENCOURAGING PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT OF PHARMACOTHERAPIES

SEC. 301. DEVELOPMENT, MANUFACTURE, AND PROCUREMENT OF DRUGS FOR THE
              TREATMENT OF ADDICTION TO ILLEGAL DRUGS.

    Chapter V of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C.
351 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

        ``Subchapter F--Drugs for Cocaine and Heroin Addictions

``SEC. 571. CRITERIA FOR AN ACCEPTABLE DRUG TREATMENT FOR COCAINE AND
              HEROIN ADDICTIONS.

    ``(a) In General.--Subject to subsections (b) and (c), the
Secretary shall, in cooperation with the Institute of Medicine of the
National Academy of Sciences, establish criteria for an acceptable drug
for the treatment of an addiction to cocaine and for an acceptable drug
for the treatment of an addiction to heroin. The criteria shall be used
by the Secretary in making a contract, or entering into a licensing
agreement, under section 572.
    ``(b) Requirements.--The criteria established under subsection (a)
for a drug shall include requirements--
            ``(1) that the application to use the drug for the
        treatment of addiction to cocaine or heroin was filed and
        approved by the Secretary under this Act after the date of
        enactment of this section;
            ``(2) that a performance based test on the drug--
                    ``(A) has been conducted through the use of a
                randomly selected test group that received the drug as
                a treatment and a randomly selected control group that
                received a placebo; and
                    ``(B) has compared the long term differences in the
                addiction levels of control group participants and test
                group participants;
            ``(3) that the performance based test conducted under
        paragraph (2) demonstrates that the drug is effective through
        evidence that--
                    ``(A) a significant number of the participants in
                the test who have an addiction to cocaine or heroin are
                willing to take the drug for the addiction;
                    ``(B) a significant number of the participants in
                the test who have an addiction to cocaine or heroin and
                who were provided the drug for the addiction during the
                test are willing to continue taking the drug as long as
                necessary for the treatment of the addiction; and
                    ``(C) a significant number of the participants in
                the test who were provided the drug for the period of
                time required for the treatment of the addiction
                refrained from the use of cocaine or heroin, after the
                date of the initial administration of the drug on the
                participants, for a significantly longer period than
                the average period of refraining from such use under
                currently available treatments (as of the date of the
                application described in paragraph (1)); and
            ``(4) that the drug shall have a reasonable cost of
        production.
    ``(c) Review and Publication of Criteria.--The criteria established
under subsection (a) shall, prior to the publication and application of
such criteria, be submitted for review to the Committee on the
Judiciary, and the Committee on Education and the Workplace, of the
House of Representatives, and the Committee on the Judiciary, and the
Committee on Labor and Human Resources, of the Senate. Not later than
90 days after notifying each of the committees, the Secretary shall
publish the criteria in the Federal Register.

``SEC. 572. PURCHASE OF PATENT RIGHTS FOR DRUG DEVELOPMENT.

    ``(a) Application.--
            ``(1) In general.--The patent owner of a drug to treat an
        addiction to cocaine or heroin, may submit an application to
        the Secretary--
                    ``(A) to enter into a contract with the Secretary
                to sell to the Secretary the patent rights of the owner
                relating to the drug; or
                    ``(B) in the case in which the drug is approved
                under section 505 by the Secretary for more than 1
                indication, to enter into an exclusive licensing
                agreement with the Secretary for the manufacture and
                distribution of the drug to treat an addiction to
                cocaine or heroin.
            ``(2) Requirements.--An application described in paragraph
        (1) shall be submitted at such time and in such manner, and
        accompanied by such information, as the Secretary may require.
    ``(b) Contract and Licensing Agreements.--
            ``(1) Requirements.--The Secretary may enter into a
        contract or a licensing agreement described in subsection (a)
        with a patent owner who has submitted an application in
        accordance with subsection (a) if the drug covered under the
        contract or licensing agreement meets the criteria established
        by the Secretary under section 551(a).
            ``(2) Special rule.--The Secretary may, under paragraph
        (1), enter into--
                    ``(A) not more than 1 contract or exclusive
                licensing agreement relating to a drug for the
                treatment of an addiction to cocaine; and
                    ``(B) not more than 1 contract or licensing
                agreement relating to a drug for the treatment of an
                addiction to heroin.
            ``(3) Coverage.--A contract or licensing agreement
        described in subparagraph (A) or (B) of paragraph (2) shall
        cover not more than 1 drug.
            ``(4) Purchase amount.--Subject to amounts provided in
        advance in appropriations Acts--
                    ``(A) the amount to be paid to a patent owner who
                has entered into a contract or licensing agreement
                under this subsection relating to a drug to treat an
                addiction to cocaine shall not exceed $100,000,000; and
                    ``(B) the amount to be paid to a patent owner who
                has entered into a contract or licensing agreement
                under this subsection relating to a drug to treat an
                addiction to heroin shall not exceed $50,000,000.
    ``(c) Transfer of Rights Under Contracts and Licensing Agreement.--
            ``(1) Contracts.--A contract under subsection (b)(1) to
        purchase the patent rights relating to a drug to treat cocaine
        or heroin addiction shall transfer to the Secretary--
                    ``(A) the exclusive right to make, use, or sell the
                patented drug within the United States for the term of
                the patent;
                    ``(B) any foreign patent rights held by the patent
                owner with respect to the drug;
                    ``(C) any patent rights relating to the process of
                manufacturing the drug; and
                    ``(D) any trade secret or confidential business
                information relating to the development of the drug,
                process for manufacturing the drug, and therapeutic
                effects of the drug.
            ``(2) Licensing agreements.--A licensing agreement under
        subsection (b)(1) to purchase an exclusive license relating to
        manufacture and distribution of a drug to treat an addiction to
        cocaine or heroin shall transfer to the Secretary--
                    ``(A) the exclusive right to make, use, or sell the
                patented drug for the purpose of treating an addiction
                to cocaine or heroin within the United States for the
                term of the patent;
                    ``(B) the right to use any patented processes
                relating to manufacturing the drug; and
                    ``(C) any trade secret or confidential business
                information relating to the development of the drug,
                process for manufacturing the drug, and therapeutic
                effects of the drug relating to use of the drug to
                treat an addiction to cocaine or heroin.

``SEC. 573. PLAN FOR MANUFACTURE AND DEVELOPMENT.

    ``(a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date on which
the Secretary purchases the patent rights of a patent owner, or enters
into a licensing agreement with a patent owner, under section 572,
relating to a drug under section 571, the Secretary shall develop a
plan for the manufacture and distribution of the drug.
    ``(b) Plan Requirements.--The plan shall set forth--
            ``(1) procedures for the Secretary to enter into licensing
        agreements with private entities for the manufacture and the
        distribution of the drug;
            ``(2) procedures for making the drug available to nonprofit
        entities and private entities to use in the treatment of a
        cocaine or heroin addiction;
            ``(3) a system to establish the sale price for the drug;
        and
            ``(4) policies and procedures with respect to the use of
        Federal funds by State and local governments or nonprofit
        entities to purchase the drug from the Secretary.
    ``(c) Applicability of Procurement and Licensing Laws.--Federal law
relating to procurements and licensing agreements by the Federal
Government shall be applicable to procurements and licenses covered
under the plan described in subsection (a).
    ``(d) Review of Plan.--
            ``(1) In general.--Upon completion of the plan under
        subsection (a), the Secretary shall notify the Committee on the
        Judiciary, and the Committee on Education and the Workplace, of
        the House of Representatives, and the Committee on the
        Judiciary, and the Committee on Labor and Human Resources, of
        the Senate, of the development of the plan and publish the plan
        in the Federal Register. The Secretary shall provide an
        opportunity for public comment on the plan for a period of not
        more than 30 days after the date of the publication of the plan
        in the Federal Register.
            ``(2) Final plan.--Not later than 60 days after the date of
        the expiration of the comment period described in paragraph
        (1), the Secretary shall publish in the Federal Register a
        final plan described in subsection (a). The implementation of
        the plan shall begin on the date of the publication of the
        final plan.
    ``(e) Construction.--The development, publication, or
implementation of the plan, or any other agency action with respect to
the plan, shall not be considered agency action subject to judicial
review. No official or court of the United States shall have power or
jurisdiction to review the decision of the Secretary on any question of
law or fact relating to any agency action with respect to the plan.
    ``(f) Regulations.--The Secretary may promulgate regulations to
carry out this section.

``SEC. 574. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this
subchapter, such sums as may be necessary in each of the fiscal years
1999 through 2001.''.

Summary: TABLE OF CONTENTS: Title I: Pharmacotherapy Research Title II: Patent Protections for Pharmacotherapies Title III: Encouraging Private Sector Development of Pharmacotherapies New Medications to Treat Addiction Act of 1998 - Title I: Pharmacotherapy Research - Amends the Public Health Service Act to authorize appropriations as necessary to carry out provisions relating to development of medications to treat drug addiction, allowing specified sums of those amounts to be appropriated from the Violent Crime Reduction Trust Fund. Title II: Patent Protections for Pharmacotherapies - Amends the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to add references to drugs for the treatment of addiction to illegal drugs to provisions relating to drugs for rare diseases or conditions, allowing exclusive approval, certification, or licensure, subject to exception. Requires that the sponsor of such a treatment drug be encouraged to design open protocols. Title III: Encouraging Private Sector Development of Pharmacotherapies - Mandates establishment of criteria for an acceptable drug for the treatment of addiction to cocaine and an acceptable drug for the treatment of addiction to heroin. Allows the patent owner of a drug to treat cocaine or heroin addiction to apply to the Secretary of Health and Human Services to sell the patent rights to, or make an exclusive licensing agreement with, the Secretary. Sets the purchase amount at $100 million for the cocaine treatment drug and $50 million for the heroin treatment drug. Directs the Secretary, after the sale or licensing, to develop a manufacturing and distribution plan. Authorizes appropriations to carry out this title.


SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Alternative Fueled
Vehicles Competitiveness and Energy Security Act of 2013''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents of this Act is as
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Definitions.
Sec. 3. Loan guarantees for alternative fuel infrastructure.
Sec. 4. Advanced technology vehicles manufacturing incentive program.
Sec. 5. Conventional fuel replacement calculation and assessment.
Sec. 6. Technical assistance and coordination.
Sec. 7. Workforce training.
Sec. 8. Reduction of engine idling and conventional fuel consumption.
Sec. 9. Electric, hydrogen, and natural gas utility and oil pipeline
                            participation.
Sec. 10. Federal fleets.
Sec. 11. HOV lane access extension.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Alternative fuel.--The term ``alternative fuel'' has
        the meaning given the term in section 301 of the Energy Policy
        Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13211).
            (2) Alternative fueled vehicle.--The term ``alternative
        fueled vehicle'' has the meaning given the term in section 301
        of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13211).
            (3) Community college.--The term ``community college'' has
        the meaning given the term ``junior or community college'' in
        section 312 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
        1058).
            (4) Department.--The term ``Department'' means the
        Department of Energy.
            (5) Nonroad vehicle.--
                    (A) In general.--The term ``nonroad vehicle'' means
                a vehicle that is not licensed for onroad use.
                    (B) Inclusions.--The term ``nonroad vehicle''
                includes a vehicle described in subparagraph (A) that
                is used principally--
                            (i) for industrial, farming, or commercial
                        use;
                            (ii) for rail transportation;
                            (iii) at an airport; or
                            (iv) for marine purposes.
            (6) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary
        of Energy.

SEC. 3. LOAN GUARANTEES FOR ALTERNATIVE FUEL INFRASTRUCTURE.

    Section 1703(b) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C.
16513(b)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(11) Infrastructure for provision and distribution of
        alternative fuels.''.

SEC. 4. ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY VEHICLES MANUFACTURING INCENTIVE PROGRAM.

    Section 136 of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (42
U.S.C. 17013) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by redesignating subparagraphs (A)
                        through (C) as clauses (i) through (iii),
                        respectively, and indenting appropriately;
                            (ii) in the matter preceding clause (i) (as
                        redesignated by clause (i)), by striking
                        ``means an ultra efficient vehicle or a light
                        duty vehicle that meets--'' and inserting
                        ``means--
                    ``(A) an ultra efficient vehicle or a light duty
                vehicle that meets--'';
                            (iii) in clause (iii) (as redesignated by
                        clause (i)), by striking the period at the end
                        and inserting a semicolon; and
                            (iv) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(B) a vehicle (such as a medium-duty or heavy-
                duty work truck, bus, or rail transit vehicle) that--
                            ``(i) is used on a public street, road,
                        highway, or transitway;
                            ``(ii) meets each applicable emission
                        standard that is established as of the date of
                        the application; and
                            ``(iii) will reduce consumption of
                        conventional motor fuel by 25 percent or more,
                        as compared to existing surface transportation
                        technologies that perform a similar function,
                        unless the Secretary determines that--
                                    ``(I) the percentage is not
                                achievable for a vehicle type or class;
                                and
                                    ``(II) an alternative percentage
                                for that vehicle type or class will
                                result in substantial reductions in
                                motor fuel consumption within the
                                United States.'';
                    (B) in paragraph (3)(B)--
                            (i) by striking ``equipment and'' and
                        inserting ``equipment,''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``, and manufacturing
                        process equipment'' after ``suppliers''; and
                    (C) by striking paragraph (4) and inserting the
                following:
            ``(4) Qualifying components.--The term `qualifying
        components' means components, systems, or groups of subsystems
        that the Secretary determines--
                    ``(A) to be designed to improve fuel economy or
                otherwise substantially reduce consumption of
                conventional motor fuel; or
                    ``(B) to contribute measurably to the overall
                improved fuel use of an advanced technology vehicle,
                including idle reduction technologies.'';
            (2) in subsection (b), in the matter preceding paragraph
        (1), by striking ``to automobile'' and inserting ``to advanced
        technology vehicle'';
            (3) in subsection (d)(1), in the first sentence, by
        striking ``a total of not more than $25,000,000,000 in'';
            (4) in subsection (h)--
                    (A) in the subsection heading, by striking
                ``Automobile'' and inserting ``Advanced Technology
                Vehicle''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (1)(B), by striking
                ``automobiles'' each place it appears and inserting
                ``advanced technology vehicles''; and
            (5) in subsection (i), by striking ``2012'' and inserting
        ``2018''.

SEC. 5. CONVENTIONAL FUEL REPLACEMENT CALCULATION AND ASSESSMENT.

    (a) Methodology.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall, by rule, develop a
methodology for calculating the equivalent volumes of conventional fuel
displaced by use of each alternative fuel to assess the effectiveness
of alternative fuel and alternative fueled vehicles in reducing oil
imports.
    (b) National Assessment.--Not later than 3 years after the date of
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall--
            (1) conduct a national assessment (using the methodology
        developed under subsection (a)) of the effectiveness of
        alternative fuel and alternative fueled vehicles in reducing
        oil imports into the United States, including as assessment
        of--
                    (A) market penetration of alternative fuel and
                alternative fueled vehicles in the United States;
                    (B) successes and barriers to deployment identified
                by the programs established under this Act; and
                    (C) the maximum feasible deployment of alternative
                fuel and alternative fueled vehicles by 2020 and 2030;
                and
            (2) report to Congress the results of the assessment.

SEC. 6. TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND COORDINATION.

    (a) Technical Assistance to State, Local, and Tribal Governments.--
            (1) In general.--In carrying out this title, the Secretary
        shall provide, at the request of the Governor, mayor, county
        executive, public utility commissioner, or other appropriate
        official or designee, technical assistance to State, local, and
        tribal governments or to a public-private partnership described
        in paragraph (2) to assist with the deployment of alternative
        fuel and alternative fueled vehicles and infrastructure.
            (2) Public-private partnership.--Technical assistance under
        this section may be awarded to a public-private partnership,
        comprised of State, local or tribal governments and
        nongovernmental entities, including--
                    (A) electric or natural gas utilities or other
                alternative fuel distributors;
                    (B) vehicle manufacturers;
                    (C) alternative fueled vehicle or alternative fuel
                technology providers;
                    (D) vehicle fleet owners;
                    (E) transportation and freight service providers;
                or
                    (F) other appropriate non-Federal entities, as
                determined by the Secretary.
            (3) Assistance.--The technical assistance described in
        paragraph (1) may include--
                    (A) coordination in the selection, location, and
                timing of alternative fuel recharging and refueling
                equipment and distribution infrastructure, including
                the identification of transportation corridors and
                specific alternative fuels that would be made
                available;
                    (B) development of protocols and communication
                standards that facilitate vehicle refueling and
                recharging into electric, natural gas, and other
                alternative fuel distribution systems;
                    (C) development of codes and standards for the
                installation of alternative fuel distribution and
                recharging and refueling equipment;
                    (D) education and outreach for the deployment of
                alternative fuel and alternative fueled vehicles; and
                    (E) utility rate design and integration of
                alternative fueled vehicles into electric and natural
                gas utility distribution systems.
    (b) Cost Sharing.--Cost sharing for assistance awarded under this
section shall be consistent with section 988 of the Energy Policy Act
of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16352).
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
appropriated to carry out this section $50,000,000 for each of fiscal
years 2014 through 2018.

SEC. 7. WORKFORCE TRAINING.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary
of Labor, shall award grants to community colleges, other institutions
of higher education, and other qualified training and education
institutions for the establishment or expansion of programs to provide
training and education for vocational workforce development for--
            (1) the manufacture and maintenance of alternative fueled
        vehicles; and
            (2) the manufacture, installation, support, and inspection
        of alternative fuel recharging, refueling, and distribution
        infrastructure.
    (b) Purpose.--Training funded under this section shall be intended
to ensure that the workforce has the necessary skills needed to
manufacture, install, and maintain alternative fuel infrastructure and
alternative fueled vehicles.
    (c) Scope.--Training funded under this section shall include
training for--
            (1) electricians, plumbers, pipefitters, and other trades
        and contractors who will be installing, maintaining, or
        providing safety support for alternative fuel recharging,
        refueling, and distribution infrastructure;
            (2) building code inspection officials;
            (3) vehicle, engine, and powertrain dealers and mechanics;
        and
            (4) others positions as the Secretary determines necessary
        to successfully deploy alternative fuels and vehicles.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
appropriated to carry out this section $50,000,000 for each of fiscal
years 2014 through 2018.

SEC. 8. REDUCTION OF ENGINE IDLING AND CONVENTIONAL FUEL CONSUMPTION.

    (a) Definition of Idle Reduction Technology.--Section 756(a) of the
Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16104(a)) is amended by striking
paragraph (5) and inserting the following:
            ``(5) Idle reduction technology.--The term `idle reduction
        technology' means an advanced truck stop electrification
        system, auxiliary power unit, or other technology that--
                    ``(A)(i) is used to reduce long-duration idling;
                and
                    ``(ii) allows for the main drive engine or
                auxiliary refrigeration engine to be shut down; or
                    ``(B) uses an alternative fuel to reduce
                consumption of conventional fuel and environmental
                emissions.''.
    (b) Funding.--Section 756(b)(4)(B) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005
(42 U.S.C. 16104(b)(4)(B)) is amended in clauses (i) and (ii) by
striking ``fiscal year 2008'' each place it appears and inserting
``each of fiscal years 2008 through 2018''.

SEC. 9. ELECTRIC, HYDROGEN, AND NATURAL GAS UTILITY AND OIL PIPELINE
              PARTICIPATION.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall identify barriers and remedies
in existing electric and natural gas and oil pipeline transmission and
distribution systems to the distribution of alternative fuels and the
deployment of alternative fuel recharging and refueling capability, at
economically competitive costs of alternative fuel for consumers,
including--
            (1) model regulatory rate design and billing for recharging
        and refueling alternative fueled vehicles;
            (2) electric grid load management and applications that
        will allow batteries in plug-in electric drive vehicles to be
        used for grid storage, ancillary services provision, and backup
        power;
            (3) integration of plug-in electric drive vehicles with
        smart grid technology, including protocols and standards,
        necessary equipment, and information technology systems;
            (4) technical and economic barriers to transshipment of
        biofuels by oil pipelines, or distribution of hydrogen; and
            (5) any other barriers to installing sufficient and
        appropriate alternative fuel recharging and refueling
        infrastructure.
    (b) Consultation.--The Secretary shall carry out this section in
consultation with--
            (1) the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission;
            (2) State public utility commissions;
            (3) State consumer advocates;
            (4) electric and natural gas utility and transmission
        owners and operators;
            (5) oil pipeline owners and operators;
            (6) hydrogen suppliers; and
            (7) other affected entities.
    (c) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of
this Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report describing
actions taken to carry out this section.

SEC. 10. FEDERAL FLEETS.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary (in consultation with the
Administrator of General Services, the Secretary of Defense, the
Postmaster General, and the Director of the Office of Management and
Budget) shall establish an interagency coordination council for the
development and procurement of alternative fueled vehicles by Federal
agencies.
    (b) Electricity and Natural Gas.--Electricity and natural gas
consumed by Federal agencies to fuel alternative fueled vehicles shall
be--
            (1) considered an alternative fuel; and
            (2) accounted for under Federal fleet management reporting
        requirements, rather than under Federal building management
        reporting requirements.
    (c) Assessment and Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date
of enactment of this Act, the Secretary (in consultation with the
Administrator of General Services, the Secretary of Defense, the
Postmaster General, and the Director of the Office of Management and
Budget) shall complete an assessment of Federal Government fleets
(including the United States Postal Service and the Department of
Defense) and submit to Congress a report that describes--
            (1) for each Federal agency with a fleet of more than 200
        vehicles, which types of vehicles the agency uses that would or
        would not be suitable for alternative fuel use either through
        the procurement of new alternative fueled vehicles, or the
        conversion to alternative fuel, taking into account the types
        of vehicles for which alternative fuel could provide comparable
        functionality and lifecycle costs;
            (2) the quantity of alternative fueled vehicles that could
        be deployed by the Federal Government in 5 years and in 10
        years, assuming that the vehicles are available and are
        purchased when new vehicles are needed or existing vehicles are
        replaced; and
            (3) the estimated cost and benefits to the Federal
        Government for vehicle purchases or conversions described in
        this subsection.

SEC. 11. HOV LANE ACCESS EXTENSION.

    Section 166(b)(5) of title 23, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``Before September 30,
        2017, the State'' and inserting ``The State''; and
            (2) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``Before September 30,
        2017, the State'' and inserting ``The State''.

Summary: Alternative Fueled Vehicles Competitiveness and Energy Security Act of 2013 - Amends the Energy Policy Act of 2005 to expand the list of technology categories that are eligible for loan guarantees by including a category for infrastructure for provision and distribution of alternative fuels. Amends the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 to: (1) redefine advanced technology vehicle, for purposes of the advanced technology vehicles manufacturing incentive program, to include certain vehicles that will reduce consumption of conventional motor fuel by 25 or more compared to existing surface transportation technologies that perform a similar function. (2) repeal the limit on the amount of appropriations that may be used for direct loans under such program. And (3) extend funding through FY2018 for such program. Directs the Secretary to: (1) assess the effectiveness of alternative fuel and alternative fueled vehicles in reducing oil imports. (2) provide technical assistance for the deployment of alternative fuel and alternative fueled vehicles and infrastructure. And (3) award grants to provide training and education for vocational workforce development for the manufacture and maintenance of alternative fueled vehicles and the manufacture, installation, support, and inspection of alternative fuel recharging, refueling, and distribution infrastructure. Amends the Energy Policy Act of 2005 to: (1) redefine quot, idle reduction technologyquot. To include a technology that uses an alternative fuel to reduce consumption of conventional fuel and environmental emissions. And (2) extend appropriations through FY2018 to reduce extended idling from heavy-duty vehicles and locomotives. Requires the Secretary to identify barriers and remedies in electric and natural gas and oil pipeline transmission and distribution systems to the distribution of alternative fuels and the deployment of alternative fuel recharging and refueling capability at economically competitive costs for consumers. Requires the Secretary to establish an interagency coordination council for the development and procurement of alternative fueled vehicles by federal agencies. Requires electricity and natural gas consumed by federal agencies to fuel alternative fueled vehicles to be considered an alternative fuel and accounted for under federal fleet management reporting requirements, rather than under federal building management reporting requirements. Requires the Secretary to assess federal government fleets. Extends states' authority to allow inherently low-emission and energy-efficient vehicles to use high occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes.


SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Declaration of Official Language Act
of 1997''.

SEC. 2. ENGLISH AS OFFICIAL LANGUAGE.

    (a) In General.--Title 4, United States Code, is amended by adding
at the end the following new chapter:

                ``CHAPTER 6--LANGUAGE OF THE GOVERNMENT

``Sec.
``161. Declaration of official language.
``162. Preferred language of communication
``163. Preserving and enhancing the role of the official language
``164. Duties of citizenship.
``165. Reform of naturalization requirement.
``166. Exceptions.
``167. Preemption.
``168. Construction.
``169. Enforcement.
``Sec. 161. Declaration of official language
    ``English is the official language of the Government of the United
States.
``Sec. 162. Preferred language of communication
    ``English is the preferred language of communication among citizens
of the United States.
``Sec. 163. Preserving and enhancing the role of the official language
    ``The Government of the United States shall promote and support the
use of English for communications among United States citizens.
Communications by officers and employees of the Government of the
United States with United States citizens shall be in English.
``Sec. 164. Duties of citizenship
    ``All United States citizens should be encouraged to read, write,
and speak English to the extent of their physical and mental abilities.
``Sec. 165. Reform of naturalization requirements
    ``(a) It has been the long-standing national belief that full
citizenship in the United States requires fluency in English. English
is the language of opportunity for all immigrants to take their
rightful place in American society.
    ``(b) The Immigration and Naturalization Service shall--
            ``(1) enforce the established English language proficiency
        standard for all applicants for United States citizenship, and
            ``(2) conduct all naturalization ceremonies entirely in
        English.
``Sec. 166. Exceptions
    ``This chapter does not apply to the use of a language other than
English for--
            ``(1) religious purposes,
            ``(2) training in foreign languages for international
        communication, or
            ``(3) use of non-English terms of art in government
        documents.
``Sec. 167. Preemption
    ``This chapter preempts any State or Federal law which is
inconsistent with this chapter.
``Sec. 168. Construction
    ``This Act is not intended to affect programs in schools designed
to encourage students to learn foreign languages.
``Sec. 169. Enforcement
    ``(a) Cause of Action.--Whoever is injured by a violation of this
chapter may, in a civil action, obtain appropriate relief.
    ``(b) Attorney's Fees.--In any action under this chapter, the court
may allow a prevailing party, other than the United States, a
reasonable attorney's fee as part of costs.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of chapters for title 4, United
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new item:

``6. Language of the Government.............................     161''.
    (c) Repeals.--Title VII of the Elementary and Secondary Education
Act of 1965 (other than sections 7201 through 7309) is repealed.

SEC. 3. REPEAL OF BILINGUAL VOTING REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) In General.--
            (1) Bilingual election requirements.-- Section 203 of the
        Voting Rights Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 1973aa-1a) is repealed.
            (2) Voting rights.--Section 4 of the Voting Rights Act of
        1965 (42 U.S.C. 1973b) is amended by striking subsection (f).
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) References to section 203.--The Voting Rights Act of
        1965 (42 U.S.C. 1973 et seq.) is amended--
                    (A) in section 204, by striking ``or 203,''; and
                    (B) in the first sentence of section 205, by
                striking ``, 202, or 203'' and inserting ``or 202''.
            (2) References to section 4.--The Voting Rights Act of 1965
        (42 U.S.C. 1973 et seq.) is amended--
                    (A) in sections 2(a), 3(a), 3(b), 3(c), 4(d), 5, 6,
                and 13, by striking ``, or in contravention of the
                guarantees set forth in section 4(f)(2)'';
                    (B) in paragraphs (1)(A) and (3) of section 4(a),
                by striking ``or (in the case of a State or subdivision
                seeking a declaratory judgment under the second
                sentence of this subsection) in contravention of the
                guarantees of subsection (f)(2)''; and
                    (C) in paragraphs (1)(B) and (5) of section 4(a),
                by striking ``or (in the case of a State or subdivision
                which sought a declaratory judgment under the second
                sentence of this subsection) that denials or
                abridgments of the right to vote in contravention of
                the guarantees of subsection (f)(2) have occurred
                anywhere in the territory of such State or
                subdivision''.

Summary: Declaration of Official Language Act of 1997 - Declares English to be the official language of the US Government. States that English is the preferred language of communication among US citizens. Requires the US Government to promote and support the use of English for communications among US citizens. Requires communications by officers and employees of the US Government with US citizens to be in English. Directs the Immigration and Naturalization Service to: (1) enforce the established English language proficiency standard for all applicants for US citizenship. And (2) conduct all naturalization ceremonies entirely in English. Allows anyone injured by a violation of such provisions to obtain appropriate relief in a civil action. Authorizes the court in any such action to allow a prevailing party, other than the US Government, a reasonable attorney's fee as part of costs. Repeals the Bilingual Education Act . Amends the Voting Rights Act of 1965 to repeal bilingual voting requirements.


SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Pathways to Self-Sufficiency Act of
2002''.

SEC. 2. AUTHORITY TO ESTABLISH UNDERGRADUATE POST-SECONDARY OR
              VOCATIONAL EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM UNDER TANF.

    (a) State Option.--Section 404 of the Social Security Act (42
U.S.C. 604) is amended by adding at the end the following new
subsection:
    ``(l) Authority To Establish Undergraduate Post-Secondary or
Vocational Educational Program.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), a State to
        which a grant is made under section 403 may use the grant to
        establish a program under which an eligible participant (as
        defined in paragraph (3)) may be provided support services
        described in paragraph (5).
            ``(2) No federal funds for tuition.--A State may not use
        Federal funds provided under a grant made under section 403 to
        pay tuition for an eligible participant.
            ``(3) Definition of eligible participant.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In this subsection, the term
                `eligible participant' means an individual who receives
                assistance under the State program funded under this
                part and satisfies the following requirements:
                            ``(i) The individual is enrolled in a
                        postsecondary 2- or 4-year degree program or in
                        a vocational educational training program.
                            ``(ii) During the first 24 months that the
                        individual participates in the program, the
                        individual engages in a combination of
                        educational activities in connection with a
                        course of study, training, study time,
                        employment, or work experience for an average
                        of not less than 24 hours per week.
                            ``(iii) After the first 24 months of the
                        individual's participation in the program, the
                        individual--
                                    ``(I) works not less than an
                                average of 15 hours per week (in
                                addition to school and study time); or
                                    ``(II) engages in a combination of
                                educational activities in connection
                                with a course of study, training, study
                                time, employment, or work experience
                                for an average of not less than 30
                                hours per week.
                            ``(iv) During the period the individual
                        participates in the program, the individual
                        maintains satisfactory academic progress, as
                        defined by the institution operating the
                        undergraduate post-secondary or vocational
                        educational program in which the individual is
                        enrolled.
                    ``(B) Determination of hours.--For purposes of
                determining hours per week under clause (ii) or (iii)
                of subparagraph (A), a State may not count study time
                of less than 1 hour for every hour of class time or
                more than 2 hours for every hour of class time.
            ``(4) Required time periods for completion of degree or
        vocational educational training program.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), an
                individual participating in a program established under
                this subsection shall be required to complete the
                requirements of a degree or vocational educational
                training program within the normal time frame for full
                time students seeking the particular degree or
                completing the vocational educational training program.
                    ``(B) Exception.--For good cause, the State may
                allow an individual to complete their degree
requirements or vocational educational training program within a period
not to exceed 1\1/2\ times the normal time frame established under
subparagraph (A) (unless further modification is required by the
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12101 et seq.), or
section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 794)) and may
modify the requirements applicable to an individual participating in
the program. For purposes of the preceding sentence, good cause
includes the case of an individual with 1 or more significant barriers
to normal participation, as determined by the State, such as the need
to care for a family member with special needs.
            ``(5) Support services described.--For purposes of
        paragraph (1), the support services described in this paragraph
        include any or all of the following during the period the
        eligible participant is in the program established under this
        subsection:
                    ``(A) Child care.
                    ``(B) Transportation services.
                    ``(C) Payment for books and supplies.
                    ``(D) Other services provided under policies
                determined by the State to ensure coordination and lack
                of duplication with other programs available to provide
                support services.''.
    (b) State Option To Include Participants As Engaged in Work.--
            (1) In general.--Section 407(c)(2) of the Social Security
        Act (42 U.S.C. 607(c)(2)) is amended by adding at the end the
        following:
                    ``(E) State option to include participants as
                engaged in work.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii),
                        in the case of a State that elects to establish
                        an undergraduate post-secondary or vocational
                        education program under section 404(l), the
                        State may include, for purposes of determining
                        monthly participation rates under paragraphs
                        (1)(B)(i) and (2)(B) of subsection (b), all
                        families that include an individual
                        participating in the program during the month
                        as being engaged in work for the month, so long
                        as each such individual is in compliance with
                        the requirements of that program.
                            ``(ii) Limitation.--With respect to a
                        month, the number of families counted as being
                        engaged in work under clause (i) may not exceed
                        the amount equal to 10 percent of the number of
                        families receiving assistance under the State
                        program funded under this part for the
                        month.''.
            (2) Conforming amendments.--
                    (A) Section 407(c)(2)(D) of the Social Security Act
                (42 U.S.C. 607(c)(2)(D)) is amended--
                            (i) in the heading, by inserting
                        ``certain'' after ``participation in''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``(determined without
                        regard to individuals participating in a
                        program referred to in subparagraph (E)(i))''
                        after ``training''.
                    (B) Section 407(d)(8) of the Social Security Act
                (42 U.S.C. 607(d)(8)) is amended by inserting ``other
                than an individual participating in a program that
                meets the requirements of section 404(l)'' after
                ``individual''.
    (c) State Option To Credit Months of Participation For Purposes of
5-Year Assistance Limit.--Section 408(a)(7) of the Social Security Act
(42 U.S.C. 608(a)(7)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(H) Credit for months participating in a pathways
                to self-sufficiency program.--In determining the number
                of months for which an adult has received assistance
                under a State program funded under this part, the State
                may disregard any month during which the adult is a
                participant in a program that meets the requirements of
                section 404(l).''.
    (d) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section take
effect on October 1, 2002.

Summary: Pathways to Self-Sufficiency Act of 2002 - Amends part A (TANF) of title IV of the Social Security Act to give States that receive a TANF grant the option to: (1) use the grant to establish a program, including an undergraduate post-secondary or vocational education program, under which an eligible participant may be provided certain support services although the State may not use Federal TANF grant funds to pay the participant's tuition. And (2) credit months of program participation for disregard in calculation of the five year TANF assistance limitation.

A bill to amend part A of title IV of the Social Security Act to give States the option to create a program that allows individuals receiving temporary assistance to needy families to obtain post-secondary or longer duration vocational education.