
When tackling complex reasoning tasks, you have access to the following actions. Use them as needed to progress through your thought process.

[ASSESS]

[ADVANCE]

[VERIFY]

[SIMPLIFY]

[SYNTHESIZE]

[PIVOT]

[OUTPUT]

You should strictly follow the format below:

[ACTION NAME]

# Your action step 1

# Your action step 2

# Your action step 3

...

Next action: [NEXT ACTION NAME]


system
The school organized a volleyball tournament, and out of the 45 students in a certain class, 12 students participated. Later, a track and field event was held, and 20 students from the same class participated. Knowing that there were 19 students from this class who did not participate in either event, the number of students who participated in both events is ______.

Present the answer in LaTex format: \boxed{Your answer}
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