Sunamganj Sadar is located at . Geographically, it is situated on the northeastern part of Bangladesh. It has 49,557 households and total area 290.71 km2. It is the meeting place of three different upazilas. People are comparatively rich here and love fashion. Also It is placed near the bank of the Surma which is the longest river of Bangladesh. This area has mineral resources like natural gas, mineral oil, raw material for industries, crops, fish and so on. "Tanguar haor" has been included the world heritage site which has thousand species of bird, fish, reptiles and so on are living together. Every year many Bangladeshi and foreign tourists, researchers, nature-lovers, etc. visit.
According to the 2011 Bangladesh census, Sunamganj Sadar Upazila had 49,557 households and a population of 279,019. 82,022 (29.40%) were under 10 years of age. Sunamganj Sadar had a literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 38.76%, compared to the national average of 51.8%, and a sex ratio of 999 females per 1000 males. 70,126 (25.13%) lived in urban areas. the population of the upazila was approximately 367,230, with males constituting 51.32% of the population, and females 48.68% of the population (a drop of 0.5% since 1991). There were 401 villages present, with total households of 8,341, with 236 mauzas, 14 unions, 44 mahallahs, and 9 wards. The total literacy rate for both females and males was 35.3%, an increase of 2.9% since 1991. In the 1991 Bangladesh census, Sunamganj Sadar had a population of 303,153. Males constituted 51.27% of the population, and females 48.73%. The population above 18 was 153,046. Sunamganj Sadar had an average literacy rate of 23.9% (7+ years), below the national average of 32.4%. Religions: Muslim 65%, Hindu 35%, Christian 2%, Buddhist 0.72%, and others 0.28%
Sunamganj Sadar Upazila is divided into Sunamganj Municipality and nine union parishads: Aptabnagar, Gourarang, Jahangirnagar, Kathair, Laxmansree, Mohonpur, Mollahpara, Rangarchar, and Surma. The union parishads are subdivided into 114 mauzas and 268 villages. Sunamganj Municipality is subdivided into 9 wards and 44 mahallas. Sunamganj Sadar Mollapara UP is a model union in Sunamganj Sadar
The city of Sunamganj is now being developed in different areas like technology, education, improvement of living system though it was far away from the modern technology. For instance, except few people, nobody knows how can use an internet or just making a phone call. However, nowadays, many residents use modern technology instead without formal education. There are five first class international standard mobile phone company like Grameen phone and Banglalink. and national mobile phone company Teletalk has been installing communication tower, BTS, and related to its even every place from city to rural areas. This area is becoming the most probable business sector for mobile companies to make a business. Now everyone has at least a mobile phone even he or she is worker. In addition, these communication companies are offering competitive call rates and data bonus. On the other hand, every school, college or madrasa are offering computer education. Besides, most of the coaching centers are also bestowing the basic introduction to English with computers in the city.
Shah Abdul Karim is a Bangladeshi Baul musician and Songwriter Hason Raja, musician, mystic poet, philosopher Dewan Mohammad Azraf, teacher, author, politician, journalist, philosopher Shah Abdul Karim, musician, philosopher, mysterious poet, Baul Emperor