Speakers of different languages not only describe the world differently but think about it differently too, according to a new study. Researchers used a cartoon cat Sylvester to study how language was reflected   in the gestures people made. Dr. Sotaro Kita of the University of Bristol's Department of Experimental Psychology  , showed the cartoon to a group of native English, Japanese and Turkish speakers and then watched their gestures as they described the actions they had seen. He found speakers of the three different languages used different gestures to describe the same event, which appeared to reflect the way the structure of their languages expressed that event. For example, when describing a scene where the cat swings on a rope, the English speakers used gestures showing an arc trajectory    and the Japanese and Turkish speakers tended to use straight gestures showing the motion but not the arc. Dr. Kita suggests this is because Japanese and Turkish have no proper verb to express the English meaning "to swing". While English speakers use the arc gesture as their language can readily express the change of location and the arc-shaped trajectory, Japanese and Turkish speakers cannot as easily express the idea of movement with an arc trajectory so they use the straight gesture. Dr. Kita said, "My research suggests that speakers of different languages cause different spatial   images of the same event in a way that matches the expressive possibilities of their own languages. In other words, language influences   spatial thinking at the moment of speaking." 68. Researchers watched the gestures the people made because they wanted to know    _   .
how language was reflected whether they could express the same idea whether they could describe what they had seen how the structure of language changed