Question: who is prince charming in once upon a time

Answer: David Nolan

This is a document about David Nolan (Once Upon a Time)
 like everybody else. He's human." Dallas subsequently began dating his "Once Upon a Time" co-star Goodwin in fall 2011. Dallas and Goodwin became engaged in October 2013, and married on April 12, 2014 in California. They have one child, a son, born in May 2014. David Nolan (Once Upon a Time) David Nolan, also known as Prince Charming, is a fictional character in ABC's television series "Once Upon a Time". He is portrayed by Josh Dallas, who also happens to be married to series co-star Ginnifer Goodwin, who plays David's wife Snow White/Mary Margaret Blanchard. The leader of the Enchanted

This is a document about David Nolan (Once Upon a Time)
 David Nolan (Once Upon a Time) David Nolan, also known as Prince Charming, is a fictional character in ABC's television series "Once Upon a Time". He is portrayed by Josh Dallas, who also happens to be married to series co-star Ginnifer Goodwin, who plays David's wife Snow White/Mary Margaret Blanchard. The leader of the Enchanted Forest's War Council who is comatose in Storybrooke. While initially he is known simply as "John Doe" in Storybrooke because of his comatose state, he is eventually revealed to be called David Nolan, after waking up. The creators also mixed Charming's history with that of

This is a document about Best Laid Plans (Once Upon a Time)
 Best Laid Plans (Once Upon a Time) "Best Laid Plans" is the sixteenth episode of the fourth season of the American fantasy drama series "Once Upon a Time", which aired on March 29, 2015. In this episode David Nolan and Mary Margaret tell Emma Swan the secret they have been keeping from her; and Regina is found out by Mr. Gold, Maleficent, and Cruella, while flashbacks show Snow White and Prince Charming's past with the Apprentice and with Maleficent. A unicorn is shown galloping in the forest. In the Enchanted Forest, before the first curse, Snow White and Prince Charming

This is a document about Once Upon a Time (TV series)
 who appreciated that she would be playing a strong character that was fleshed out for the audience. Goodwin had stated in interviews that she would love to play Snow White, and called her acceptance of the role "a no-brainer." Both Kitsis and Horowitz are self-described big fans of Goodwin's previous series, "Big Love", and wrote the part of Snow White with her in mind. Josh Dallas, who portrays Prince Charming / David Nolan, was pleased the writers took "some dramatic license" with his character, believing the prince had become more real. He explained, "Prince Charming just happens to be a

This is a document about Once Upon a Time (season 1)
 with David Nolan, a coma patient who, in reality is Emma's father Prince Charming, wakes up after she reads Henry's fairytale book to him as a favor to Henry. David, however, is married to Kathryn Nolan, the woman who is (in the fairy tale world) his ex-fiancée Princess Abigail daughter of King Midas. Unable to deny their love, David and Mary Margaret soon begin a secret relationship that becomes public and upsets Kathryn. Kathryn eventually decides to go to Boston and let David be with Mary Margaret only to disappear before leaving Storybrooke, due to an effect of the curse

This is a document about Josh Dallas
 Louisville, Kentucky. He met English actress Lara Pulver in 2003 while working at the Johanna, Windsor. They married in 2007, and were divorced in 2011. Dallas subsequently began dating his "Once Upon a Time" co-star Ginnifer Goodwin in fall 2011. Dallas and Goodwin became engaged in October 2013, and married on April 12, 2014 in California. Together, they have two sons: Oliver Finlay Dallas ( b. 2014) and Hugo Wilson Dallas (b. 2016). Josh Dallas Joshua Paul Dallas (born December 18, 1978) is an American actor. He is best known for his roles as Prince Charming/David Nolan in the ABC

This is a document about Josh Dallas
 Josh Dallas Joshua Paul Dallas (born December 18, 1978) is an American actor. He is best known for his roles as Prince Charming/David Nolan in the ABC television series "Once Upon a Time" and Fandral in the Marvel Comics film adaptation "Thor". He currently stars as Ben Stone in the NBC drama series "Manifest". After graduation at Mountview, Dallas joined the Royal Shakespeare Company, and then took parts with the Royal National Theatre, English National Opera, the New Shakespeare Company and The Young Vic. Returning to the United States and based in Hollywood, he was cast in 2011 as Fandral

This is a document about Mary Margaret Blanchard
 Mary Margaret Blanchard Snow White, formerly known as Mary Margaret Blanchard in Storybrooke, is a fictional character in ABC's television series "Once Upon a Time". She is portrayed by Ginnifer Goodwin and by Bailee Madison as a child. She is the true love of Prince Charming/David Nolan, mother of Emma Swan and Neal Nolan, and grandmother of Emma's children, Henry and Hope. The character has been one of Goodwin's most well received roles, one she has said she loves playing on the show. Before accepting the role, Goodwin stated in interviews that she'd always wanted to play Snow White and

This is a document about The Tower (Once Upon a Time)
 The Tower (Once Upon a Time) "The Tower" is the fourteenth episode of the third season of the American fantasy drama series "Once Upon a Time", and the show's 58th episode overall, which aired on March 23, 2014. In this episode, as Emma Swan, Captain Hook, Regina Mills, and David Nolan search for the Wicked Witch of the West in Storybrooke, Zelena puts her plan into motion by planning something dark for David, while back in the Fairy Tale world a year earlier, Charming comes to the aid of Rapunzel as he searches for a plant that could help him

This is a document about Once Upon a Time (season 4)
 fellow cast members Jennifer Morrison as Emma Swan, Josh Dallas as Prince Charming / David Nolan, Colin O'Donoghue as Captain Killian "Hook" Jones and Jared S. Gilmore as Henry Mills, Lana Parrilla as the Evil Queen / Regina Mills and Emilie de Ravin as Belle. De Ravin also confirmed Robert Carlyle's return as Rumpelstiltskin / Mr. Gold, through a photo on her Instagram. On July 1, 2014, it was announced that Scott Michael Foster had been cast as "Frozen" character Kristoff and Elizabeth Lail as Anna. The following day, it was announced Georgina Haig had been cast as Elsa. On

This is a document about Once Upon a Time (season 5)
 returning as a series regular as Will Scarlet / Knave of Hearts although further appearances as a recurring or guest star were hinted. Adam Horowitz confirmed via Twitter that Emilie de Ravin would return as Belle, while Vine Report confirmed the return of Jennifer Morrison as Emma Swan. On June 26, 2015, Josh Dallas confirmed his return as Prince Charming / David Nolan and Horowitz confirmed that there would be ten series regulars for the season. During Comic-Con 2015, Ginnifer Goodwin, Lana Parrilla, Colin O'Donoghue and Robert Carlyle were confirmed to return as Snow White / Mary Margaret Blanchard, Evil

This is a document about Huntsman (Snow White)
  The Huntsman appears in the first season of Once Upon a Time played by Jamie Dornan. The Huntsman is a nameless hunter who is a solitary recluse, raised by wolves. He considers the wolves to be his true family, and is greatly saddened by the deaths of animals. He is considered by the Evil Queen Regina the perfect assassin, and is hired to kill Snow White, though he spares her for selflessness. When he offers the Queen a stag's heart instead, she realizes she has been tricked and tears out the Huntsman's heart, keeping it in her vault and using it to make him her slave. When Prince Charming is led to his execution, the Huntsman helps him escape. The Prince asks him to assist him, but he states he cannot leave and not to let the sacrifice of his heart be in vain. In Storybrooke, he

This is a document about Prince Charming
  Sleeping Beauty. But he clarifies that he truly loves Snow White and proposes to her. He then separates himself from her for her protection. ; The concept of the Prince Charming is parodied in the 2007 film Enchanted when Edward is looking for Princess Giselle in the New York City. While knocking the doors he finds a pregnant housewife holding three kids, who tells him, in a scoffing voice, "You're too late." ; In the television series Once Upon a Time (2011–2017), Prince Charming (portrayed by Josh Dallas) is the husband of Snow White, though neither of them remembers this in the cursed Storybrooke, where the character's name is David Nolan

This is a document about King (Snow White)
  In Once Upon a Time, the King is known and named as King Leopold (portrayed by Richard Schiff as an older man and by Eric Lange as a young prince). As a Prince, Leopold meets Cora after she is betrayed by Jonathan, a man claiming to be a Prince. The two form a strong bond until Cora learns he is engaged to Princess Eva, who informs Leopold of her secret child, leading him to remove Cora from his kingdom. Becoming King, Leopold marries Eva and the two have a daughter named Snow White. Though the Good Queen Eva later dies after being poisoned by Cora. After Cora's daughter Regina saves Snow

This is a document about Once Upon a Time (season 5)
  Charming / David Nolan and Horowitz confirmed that there would be ten series regulars for the season. During Comic-Con 2015, Ginnifer Goodwin, Lana Parrilla, Colin O'Donoghue and Robert Carlyle were confirmed to return as Snow White / Mary Margaret Blanchard, Evil Queen / Regina Mills, Captain Killian "Hook" Jones and Rumplestiltskin / Mr. Gold respectively, while Morrison's character was confirmed to take on the moniker "Dark Swan". Jared S. Gilmore also returned as Henry Mills. On June 26, 2015, it was revealed that Sinqua Walls would return as Lancelot. On July 1, 2015, it was announced that Liam Garrigan would play King Arthur during the first

This is a document about Gold (surname)
 Rumplestiltskin, also known as Mr. Gold, character from the ABC television series Once Upon a Time

This is a document about Snow White (Disney character)
  Princess Industrial Complex", and are later seen wearing modern outfits inspired by their respective backstories. In the ABC television series Once Upon a Time, an alternative version of Snow White is the daughter of King Leopold and Queen Eva and later stepdaughter of the Evil Queen (Regina Mills). She is the true love of Prince Charming, mother of Emma Swan and Prince Neal, and grandmother of Emma's son Henry. In Storybrooke, she appears as Mary Margaret Blanchard, Henry Mills' teacher at Storybrooke Elementary School. She is set to be played by Rachel Zegler in Disney's upcoming live-action adaptation of the animated film.

This is a document about List of Fables characters
  Although charming and handsome, Prince Charming is a pathological womanizer, a liar, a narcissist, and an all-around rogue. He was also raised as a prince, to understand sacrifice necessary to be an effective leader, and the kind of king that sacrifices all to safeguard his subjects. His (known) previous wives in chronological order were Snow White, Briar Rose (Sleeping Beauty) and Cinderella; the latter two of his ex-wives were introduced to him by their shared fairy godmother. It is also revealed in the Jack of Fables' comic that Prince Charming is Jack Horner's father. It is most likely that Charming never knew of their relations to one

This is a document about List of Shrek characters
  Prince Charming (voiced by Rupert Everett in the second and third movie, Sean Bishop in Scared Shrekless, James Arnold Taylor in videogames) is the son of the Fairy Godmother. He is very handsome and was supposed to rescue Princess Fiona from her dragon-guarded tower. In his first scene in Shrek 2, he travels to the castle where Fiona had been imprisoned prior to the first film, only to discover that Shrek has already found and married her and that the Big Bad Wolf has taken to sleeping in her tower. It is later revealed that Charming is the son of the Fairy Godmother and that she wants him to marry Fiona so that he can become king. In contrast to his

Prince Charming in "Once Upon a Time" is portrayed by actor Josh Dallas. He is the husband of Snow White/Mary Margaret Blanchard, played by Ginnifer Goodwin.


Question: who plays astrid how to train your dragon

Answer: America Ferrera

This is a document about How to Train Your Dragon (film)
 short films were released: "Legend of the Boneknapper Dragon" (2010), "Book of Dragons" (2011), "Gift of the Night Fury" (2011), and "Dawn of the Dragon Racers" (2014). A television series based on the film premiered on Cartoon Network in Autumn 2012. Jay Baruchel, America Ferrera, Christopher Mintz-Plasse, and T. J. Miller reprise their roles as Hiccup, Astrid, Fishlegs, and Tuffnut. The series, set between the first and second film, follows Hiccup and his friends as they learn more about dragons, discover new ones, teach others to feel comfortable around them, adapt traditions within the village to fit their new friends

This is a document about How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World
 How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World is an upcoming American computer-animated action fantasy film loosely based on the book series of the same name by Cressida Cowell, produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by Universal Pictures. A sequel to 2010's "How to Train Your Dragon" and 2014's "How to Train Your Dragon 2", it is the third and final installment in the "How to Train Your Dragon" trilogy. Written and directed by Dean DeBlois, the film stars the voices of Jay Baruchel, Cate Blanchett, Craig Ferguson, America Ferrera, Jonah Hill,

This is a document about How to Train Your Dragon (franchise)
 director of seven episodes in the first season, confirmed that there would also be a second season. Jay Baruchel, who voiced Hiccup, also stars in the series, as well as America Ferrera (Astrid), Christopher Mintz-Plasse (Fishlegs), and T. J. Miller (Tuffnut). The second season is accompanied with the new subtitle, "Defenders of Berk", replacing the previous "Riders of Berk" subtitle. The show then moved to Netflix and was subtitled "Race to the Edge". It consists, in total, of 8 seasons. In 2019 a new series called "Dragons: Rescue Riders" is coming. "Legend of the Boneknapper Dragon" is a 16 minute

This is a document about How to Train Your Dragon 2
 How to Train Your Dragon 2 How to Train Your Dragon 2 is a 2014 American 3D computer-animated action fantasy film produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by 20th Century Fox, loosely based on the British book series of the same name by Cressida Cowell. It is the sequel to the 2010 computer-animated film "How to Train Your Dragon" and the second installment in the trilogy. The film is written and directed by Dean DeBlois, and stars the voices of Jay Baruchel, Gerard Butler, Craig Ferguson, America Ferrera, Jonah Hill, Christopher Mintz-Plasse, T. J. Miller, and Kristen Wiig, with the

This is a document about How to Train Your Dragon (film)
 first film featuring 24 animatronic dragons, acrobats and projections. It premiered on March 2, 2012, in Melbourne, Australia. How to Train Your Dragon (film) How to Train Your Dragon is a 2010 American 3D computer-animated action fantasy film produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by Paramount Pictures. Loosely based on the 2003 book by Cressida Cowell, the film was directed by Chris Sanders and Dean DeBlois, the duo who wrote and directed Walt Disney Animation Studios' 2002 film "Lilo & Stitch". It stars the voices of Jay Baruchel, Gerard Butler, Craig Ferguson, America Ferrera, Jonah Hill, T. J. Miller, Kristen

This is a document about How to Train Your Dragon (film)
 How to Train Your Dragon (film) How to Train Your Dragon is a 2010 American 3D computer-animated action fantasy film produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by Paramount Pictures. Loosely based on the 2003 book by Cressida Cowell, the film was directed by Chris Sanders and Dean DeBlois, the duo who wrote and directed Walt Disney Animation Studios' 2002 film "Lilo & Stitch". It stars the voices of Jay Baruchel, Gerard Butler, Craig Ferguson, America Ferrera, Jonah Hill, T. J. Miller, Kristen Wiig, and Christopher Mintz-Plasse. The story takes place in a mythical Viking world where a young Viking teenager

This is a document about How to Train Your Dragon (franchise)
 Dragon 2". It was released on DVD separately on March 3, 2015, and it also includes "Book of Dragons" and "Legend of the Boneknapper Dragon". It was directed by John Sanford and Elaine Bogan, and it features the voices of Jay Baruchel and America Ferrera along with the cast from the television series. In the short, a hunt for a lost sheep turns into a competition between Hiccup and his friends for the first title of Dragon Racing Champion of Berk. A Broadway-style production named "How To Train Your Dragon ON ICE" is currently on Royal Caribbean's Allure of the

This is a document about DreamWorks Dragons
  Dragons, commonly referred to as DreamWorks Dragons, is an American computer-animated television series based on the 2010 film How to Train Your Dragon. The series serves as a bridge between the first film and its 2014 sequel. Jay Baruchel, America Ferrera, Christopher Mintz-Plasse, T.J. Miller, and David Tennant reprise their voice-acting roles from the film. Other cast members include Julie Marcus and Andree Vermeulen as Ruffnut (previously voiced by Kristen Wiig), Zack Pearlman as Snotlout (previously voiced by Jonah Hill), Chris Edgerly as Gobber the Belch (previously voiced by Craig Ferguson), and Nolan North as Stoick the Vast (previously voiced by Gerard Butler). Dragons was announced by

This is a document about How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World
  How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World (also known as How to Train Your Dragon 3) is a 2019 American computer-animated action fantasy film loosely based on the book series of the same name by Cressida Cowell. Produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by Universal Pictures, it is the sequel to How to Train Your Dragon 2 (2014) and the third and final installment in the How to Train Your Dragon trilogy. Written and directed by Dean DeBlois, the film stars the voices of Jay Baruchel, America Ferrera, Cate Blanchett, Craig Ferguson, and F. Murray Abraham. The film's plot follows Hiccup seeking a dragon utopia called "The Hidden World" while coming to terms with Toothless' new bond with a female Light Fury, as they

This is a document about Cate Blanchett on screen and stage
  of the Crystal Skull and David Fincher's fantasy drama The Curious Case of Benjamin Button. She briefly played Galadriel in The Hobbit trilogy (2012–2014). For her lead performance in Woody Allen's 2013 drama Blue Jasmine, Blanchett won the Golden Globe, the BAFTA Award, the SAG Award, and the Academy Award for Best Actress. She voiced Valka in the 2014 animated fantasy How to Train Your Dragon 2 and its 2019 sequel How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World. In 2015, she received praise for playing Lady Tremaine in Disney's live action film Cinderella, Mary Mapes in Truth, and Carol Aird

This is a document about Astrid
 Astrid Hofferson, a major protagonist in the How to Train Your Dragon franchise ; Astrid, a Danish countess from Wallace Stegner's 1976 novel The Spectator Bird ; Astrid, a friend of Juliette Darling's in the short-lived drama Dirty Sexy Money ; Astrid, an assassin from the video game The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim ; Astrid, character in the television series Vikings ; Astrid Bromure, main character from the Belgian comics series of the same name, by Fabrice Parme ; Astrid Ellison, a female protagonist in the Gone series by Michael Grant ; Astrid Farnsworth, a character on the Tv Sci-fi series “Fringe”. ; Astrid Ferrier, the main guest protagonist in the 1967–1968 Doctor Who serial The Enemy of the World ; Astrid Finch, a character on the TV Series The Tomorrow People ; Astrid Larsson, a character

This is a document about 24 Weeks
 Julia Jentsch as Astrid ; Bjarne Mädel as Markus ; Johanna Gastdorf as Beate ; Emilia Pieske as Nele ; Maria-Victoria Dragus as Kati

This is a document about America Ferrera
  on the ABC comedy-drama Ugly Betty (2006–2010). She was praised for playing the protagonist of the series, Betty Suarez, and won Best Actress Awards at various award ceremonies in 2007 including the Golden Globe Awards, the Screen Actors Guild Awards, and the Primetime Emmy Award, the first for a Latina woman in the category. Ferrera's other notable film roles include the drama The Dry Land (2010), the romantic comedy Our Family Wedding (2010), and the crime drama End of Watch (2012). She provided the voice of Astrid Hofferson in the How to Train Your Dragon franchise, including the three films and the television series Dreamworks Dragons. She co-produced and starred as Amy Sosa in the NBC comedy series Superstore (2015–2021). Time magazine named her one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2007.

This is a document about I Was at Home, But
 Maren Eggert as Astrid ; Clara Möller as Flo ; Jakob Lassalle as Phillip ; Franz Rogowski as Lars ; Alan Williams as Herr Meisner ; Devid Striesow as Gertjan ; Lilith Stangenberg as Claudia

This is a document about How to Train Your Dragon (film)
  How to Train Your Dragon is a 2010 American computer-animated action fantasy film loosely based on the 2003 book of the same name by Cressida Cowell, produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by Paramount Pictures. The film was directed by Chris Sanders and Dean DeBlois from a screenplay by Will Davies, Sanders, and DeBlois, and stars the voices of Jay Baruchel, Gerard Butler, Craig Ferguson, America Ferrera, Jonah Hill, Christopher Mintz-Plasse, T.J. Miller, and Kristen Wiig. The story takes place in a mythical Viking world where a young Viking teenager named Hiccup aspires to follow his tribe's tradition of becoming a dragon slayer. After finally capturing his first dragon, a Night Fury, and with his chance at last of gaining the tribe's acceptance, he finds that he no longer wants to kill the dragon and instead befriends it, even calling him Toothless. How to Train Your Dragon

This is a document about Turn Up Charlie
 Angela Griffin as Astrid ; Guz Khan as Dell ; Jocelyn Jee Esien as Auntie Lydia ; Jade Anouka as Tommi ; Rina Sawayama as Layla Valentine ; Cameron King as Hunter ; Emily Carey as Bea ; Dustin Demri-Burns as Daniel Smith

This is a document about How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World
 Jay Baruchel as Hiccup, the son of Stoick the Vast and Valka, the newly crowned Viking chief of Berk, and the one who initially trained the dragons, and Astrid's husband. ; A.J. Kane as young Hiccup. ; America Ferrera as Astrid, an excellent fighter; she is Hiccup's betrothed wife. ; F. Murray Abraham as Grimmel the Grisly, an infamous dragon hunter who is responsible for the near-extinction of the Night Furies. ; Cate Blanchett as Valka, a dragon rescuer and Hiccup's mother, now living on Berk after twenty years of isolation. ; Gerard Butler as Stoick the Vast, the late father of Hiccup and Berk's previous chieftain, as seen in flashbacks. ; Craig Ferguson as Gobber the Belch, a seasoned warrior, blacksmith and dragon

This is a document about Liisa Pulk
 Rise of the Guardians (2013) – The Tooth Fairy ; Superbook (2013) – various ; Superbook 2 (2014) – various ; The Good Dinosaur (2015) – Ramsey ; Gnome Alone (2017) – Tiffany ; Finding Dory (2016) – various ; Ralph Breaks the Internet (2018) – Yesss ; Charming (2018) – various ; Racetime (2018) – various ; Wonder Park (2019) – Mother Since 2010, Pulk has also worked extensively as a voice actress in both Estonian and foreign animated films and videos. She has provided the Estonian language dubbing for the character of Astrid Hofferson in the 2010 American computer-animated action fantasy film How to Train Your Dragon and the two subsequent sequels, How to Train Your Dragon 2 in 2014, and How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World in 2019. Other roles in foreign animated films that have been voiced by Pulk include:

This is a document about Cate Blanchett
  an inspiration for the character of Claire Simone, portrayed by Blanchett. The Monuments Men received mixed reviews from critics and grossed $155 million at the worldwide box office. Also in 2014, Blanchett voiced the part of Valka in the DreamWorks Animation film How to Train Your Dragon 2. The film received critical acclaim and was a box office success. It went on to win the Golden Globe Award for Best Animated Feature Film and receive a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature. Blanchett guest starred on the Australian show Rake, as the onscreen female version of Richard Roxburgh's rogue protagonist, Cleaver. On 29 January 2015, she

America Ferrera plays the role of Astrid in the "How to Train Your Dragon" franchise.


Question: who was the head of the soviet union when it collapsed

Answer: Mikhail Gorbachev

This is a document about Dissolution of the Soviet Union
 Dissolution of the Soviet Union The dissolution of the Soviet Union occurred on 26 December 1991, officially granting self-governing independence to the Republics of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). It was a result of the declaration number 142-Н of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. The declaration acknowledged the independence of the former Soviet republics and created the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), although five of the signatories ratified it much later or did not do so at all. On the previous day, 25 December, Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev, the eighth and final leader of the USSR,

This is a document about President of the Soviet Union
 was also the leader of the Gang of Eight which attempted the August coup, and declared himself Acting President of the Soviet Union on 19 August 1991. After three days the coup collapsed and Gorbachev was restored. He held the office up to the country's dissolution. President of the Soviet Union The President of the Soviet Union (, ), officially called President of the USSR () or President of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (), was the head of state of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics from 15 March 1990 to 25 December 1991. Mikhail Gorbachev was the

This is a document about History of the United States Republican Party
 the Soviet Union, alarming Democrats who wanted a nuclear freeze, but he succeeded in increasing the military budget and launching the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI)—labeled "Star Wars" by its opponents—that the Soviets could not match. When Mikhail Gorbachev came to power in Moscow, many conservative Republicans were dubious of the growing friendship between him and Reagan. Gorbachev tried to save communism in the Soviet Union first by ending the expensive arms race with America, then in 1989 by shedding the East European empire. Communism finally collapsed in the Soviet Union in 1991. President George H. W. Bush, Reagan's successor, tried

This is a document about Multinational state
 Mikhail Gorbachev a minor boost, and in the summer of 1991, the New Union Treaty was designed and agreed upon by eight republics. The treaty would have turned the Soviet Union into a much looser federation, but its signing was interrupted by the August Coup—an attempted coup d'état against Gorbachev by hardline Communist Party members of the government and the KGB, who sought to reverse Gorbachev's reforms and reassert the central government's control over the republics. When the coup collapsed, Yeltsin—who had publicly opposed it—came out as a hero, while Gorbachev's power was effectively ended. As a result, the balance

This is a document about Spaso House
 Union collapsed, and Yelstin became the leader of the new Russia. The 1992 Fourth of July Reception was not attended by Boris Yeltsin, but it was attended by Mikhail Gorbachev, who no longer had a job. The occupant of Spaso House, Ambassador Robert Strauss, had a new title; he was the last Ambassador to the Soviet Union and the first Ambassador to the Russian Federation. In the years following the breakup of the Soviet Union, President Bill Clinton visited Moscow four times, and each time was a guest of Spaso House. On March 24, 2002, President George W. Bush also

This is a document about The Commanding Heights
 Union continued to build the military even though at times such spending took up half the country's revenue. Mikhail Gorbachev tried to reform the economy, but he took only limited steps (see perestroika and glasnost). When he lifted the Brezhnev Doctrine and allowed Poland's Solidarity to usurp that country's communist regime, the entire Warsaw Pact collapsed, soon followed by the Soviet Union itself. However, even with the fall of the Soviet Union and the rise of the relatively free market-minded Boris Yeltsin, former members of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union maintained much power in Russia, blocked free market

This is a document about History of the United States
 his backing of the Contras rebels was mired in the controversy over the Iran–Contra affair that revealed Reagan's poor management style. Reagan met four times with Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev, who ascended to power in 1985, and their summit conferences led to the signing of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty. Gorbachev tried to save Communism in the Soviet Union first by ending the expensive arms race with America, then by shedding the East European empire in 1989. The Soviet Union collapsed on Christmas Day 1991, ending the U.S–Soviet Cold War. The United States emerged as the world's sole remaining superpower

This is a document about State Committee on the State of Emergency
 arrest, while the other seven members were arrested. The 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, occurring between 19–21 August 1991, was an attempt by the Gang of Eight to take control of the country from then President of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev. The Gang of Eight were hard-line members of the Communist Party (CPSU) who were opposed to Gorbachev's reform program and the new union treaty he had negotiated, which dispersed much of the central government's power to the republics. The coup collapsed after only two days, and although Gorbachev was restored as President, his authority was irreparably damaged and

This is a document about History of the Soviet Union (1982–1991)
  atmosphere of open criticism of the communist regime, and also perestroika. The dramatic drop of the price of oil in 1985 and 1986 profoundly influenced actions of the Soviet leadership. Nikolai Tikhonov, the Chairman of the Council of Ministers, was succeeded by Nikolai Ryzhkov, and Vasili Kuznetsov, the acting Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, was succeeded by Andrei Gromyko, the former Minister of Foreign Affairs. Several republics began resisting central control, and increasing democratization led to a weakening of the central government. The Soviet Union finally collapsed in 1991 when Boris Yeltsin seized power in the aftermath of a failed coup that had attempted to topple reform-minded Gorbachev.

This is a document about History of the Soviet Union
  The history of the Soviet Union from 1964 to 1982, referred to as the Brezhnev Era, covers the period of Leonid Brezhnev's rule of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). This period began with high economic growth and soaring prosperity, but ended with a much weaker Soviet Union facing social, political, and economic stagnation. The average annual income stagnated, because needed economic reforms were never fully carried out. Nikita Khrushchev was ousted as First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU), as well as Chairman of the Council of Ministers, on 14 October 1964 due to his failed reforms and disregard for Party and Government institutions. Brezhnev

This is a document about History of the Soviet Union
  oil in 1985 and 1986 profoundly influenced actions of the Soviet leadership. Nikolai Tikhonov, the Chairman of the Council of Ministers, was succeeded by Nikolai Ryzhkov, and Vasili Kuznetsov, the acting Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, was succeeded by Andrei Gromyko, the former Minister of Foreign Affairs. Several Soviet Socialist Republics began resisting central control, and increasing democratization led to a weakening of the central government. The USSR's trade gap progressively emptied the coffers of the union, leading to eventual bankruptcy. The Soviet Union finally collapsed in 1991 when Boris Yeltsin seized power in the aftermath of a failed coup that had attempted to topple reform-minded Gorbachev.

This is a document about List of Russian people
 Nikolai Bukharin, Politburo member in the 1920s, editor of government newspapers Pravda and Izvestia, author of The ABC of Communism ; Nikolai Bulganin, Soviet Premier in 1937–38 and in 1955–58, supporter of Khrushchev ; Mikhail Gorbachev last General Secretary of the Communist Party, launched the policies of glasnost and perestroika, the only president of the Soviet Union who led it to its collapse ; Mikhail Kalinin, formal Head of state of the Soviet Union during the 1920s and 1930s ; Nikita Khrushchev, leader of the Soviet Union in 1953–1964, launched de-Stalinisation and many erratic policies, backed the progress of the early Soviet space program ; Alexei Kosygin, Soviet Premier under Brezhnev, author of the eventually stifled Kosygin reform which included elements of capitalist managementMolotov.bra.jpg]] ;

This is a document about Dissolution (politics)
  The dissolution of the Soviet Union occurred between 1988 and 1991, and was the process of internal disintegration within the USSR, which began with growing unrest in its various constituent republics developing into an incessant political and legislative conflict between the republics and the central government, and ended when the leaders of three primal republics (the Russian SFSR, the Ukrainian SSR and the Byelorussian SSR) declared it no longer existed, later accompanied by 11 more republics, resulting in President Mikhail Gorbachev having to resign and what was left of the Soviet parliament formally acknowledging what had already taken place. The failure

This is a document about Communist Party of the Soviet Union
  There were few, if any, who believed that the Soviet Union was on the verge of collapse by 1985. The economy was stagnating, but stable enough for the Soviet Union to continue into the 21st century. The political situation was calm because of twenty years of systematic repression against any threat to the country and one-party rule, and the Soviet Union was in its peak of influence in world affairs. The immediate causes for the Soviet Union's dissolution were the policies and thoughts of Mikhail Gorbachev, the CPSU General Secretary. His policies of perestroika and glasnost tried to revitalize the Soviet economy and the social and political culture

This is a document about History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
  CPSU-related agencies and organisations. The coup destroyed the CPSU politically. By nearly all accounts, the coup proved that the party was beyond reform. For all intents and purposes, Communist rule in the Soviet Union ended on August 24. That day, Gorbachev dissolved the Central Committee, resigned as general secretary and ordered all party units in the government dissolved. Vladimir Ivashko was chosen as acting general secretary later that day. However, actual political power lay in the positions of President of the Soviet Union (held by Gorbachev) and President of the Russian SFSR (held by Yeltsin). Ivashko remained for five days as acting General Secretary until

This is a document about Dissolution of the Soviet Union
  The dissolution of the Soviet Union (1988–1991) was the process of internal political, economic and ethnic disintegration within the USSR as an unintended result of General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev's effort of reform of the Soviet political and economic system in an attempt to end the Era of Stagnation, which resulted in the end of its existence as a sovereign state. In late 1991, the leaders of three of the Union’s founding and largest republics (the Russian SFSR, the Ukrainian SSR and the Byelorussian SSR) declared that the Soviet Union no longer existed, and 11 more republics joined them shortly thereafter. Gorbachev had to first retire as leader of the Communist Party since it

This is a document about History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
  was severely damaged as a result of the Cuban Missile Crisis which ended in what many in the party saw as a humiliating climbdown by Khrushchev. He was removed from power in October 1964 by the Central Committee due to the Cuban Missile Crisis as well as the failure of his agricultural and industrial policies. Destalinisation came to a halt under the new General Secretary, Leonid Brezhnev who emerged as the new party leader after first plotting with Nikolai Podgorny to oust Khrushchev and then outmanoeuvering Podgorny to take the party leadership (Podgrony became the ceremonial head of state as

This is a document about Triumvirate
  Leon Trotsky's Left Opposition in early 1926. Later, Kamenev, Zinoviev and Trotsky would all be murdered on Stalin's orders. ; 13 March – 26 June 1953: After the death of Joseph Stalin in March 1953, power was shared between Lavrenty Beria, Georgy Malenkov, and Vyacheslav Molotov. ; 14 October 1964 – 16 June 1977: After the removal of Nikita Khrushchev in October 1964, the Soviet Union went through a period of collective leadership. Power was initially shared between Premier Alexei Kosygin, General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev and Chairman of the Presidium Anastas Mikoyan. Mikoyan was replaced by Nikolai Podgorny in 1965.

This is a document about 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt
  campaign of anticommunist counterrevolutionaries, mainly in Moscow, led by Russian president Boris Yeltsin, who had been both an ally and critic of Gorbachev. The coup collapsed in only two days and Gorbachev returned to office, while all the plotters lost office. Yeltsin became the dominant leader and Gorbachev lost much of his influence. The failed coup led to both the immediate collapse of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the dissolution of the USSR four months later. Following the capitulation of the GKChP, popularly referred to as the "Gang of Eight", both the Supreme Court of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) and the President of the Soviet Union Mikhail Gorbachev described their actions as a coup attempt.

This is a document about Communism
  With the fall of the Warsaw Pact after the Revolutions of 1989, which led to the fall of most of the former Eastern Bloc, the Soviet Union was dissolved on 26 December 1991. It was a result of the declaration number 142-Н of the Soviet of the Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. The declaration acknowledged the independence of the former Soviet republics and created the Commonwealth of Independent States, although five of the signatories ratified it much later or did not do it at all. On the previous day, Soviet president Mikhail Gorbachev (the eighth and final leader of the Soviet Union) resigned, declared his office extinct, and handed over its powers,

Mikhail Gorbachev was the head of the Soviet Union when it collapsed. He was the President of the Soviet Union from 1990 to 1991.


Question: when were passports required to enter the us

Answer: 1978

This is a document about United States passport
 rail roads, gave rise to international travel by large numbers of people. Countries such as Czarist Russia and the Ottoman Empire maintained passport requirements. After World War I, many European countries retained their passport requirements. Foreign passport requirements undercut the absence of a passport requirement for Americans exiting the country, under United States law, between 1921 and 1941. The contemporary period of required passports for Americans under United States law began on November 29, 1941. A 1978 amendment to the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 made it unlawful to enter or depart the United States without an issued passport

This is a document about United States passport
  I (1914), and the development of railroads, gave rise to international travel by large numbers of people. Countries such as Czarist Russia and the Ottoman Empire maintained passport requirements. After World War I, many European countries retained their passport requirements. Foreign passport requirements undercut the absence of a passport requirement for Americans exiting the country, under United States law, between 1921 and 1941. The contemporary period of required passports for Americans under United States law began on November 29, 1941. A 1978 amendment to the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 made it unlawful to enter or depart the United

This is a document about Freedom of movement under United States law
  From 1776 to 1783, no state government had a passport requirement. The Articles of Confederation government (1783–1789) did not have a passport requirement. From 1789 through late 1941, the government established under the Constitution required United States passports of citizens only during the American Civil War (1861–1865) and during and shortly after World War I (1914–1918). The passport requirement of the Civil War era lacked statutory authority. After the outbreak of World War I, passports were required by executive order, though there was no statutory authority for the requirement. The Travel Control Act of May 22, 1918 permitted the president, when the United States was at war, to proclaim a passport requirement, and a proclamation was issued on August 18, 1918. Though World War

This is a document about Freedom of movement under United States law
  ended on November 11, 1918, the passport requirement lingered until March 3, 1921. There was an absence of a passport requirement under United States law between 1921 and 1941. World War II (1939–1945) again led to passport requirements under the Travel Control Act of 1918. A 1978 amendment to the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 made it illegal to enter or depart the United States without an issued passport even in peacetime. Note that the amendment does permit the President to make exceptions; historically, these exceptions have been used to permit travel to certain countries (particularly Canada) without a passport. As of 2016-08-10, tourism sites still discuss which alternative documents are acceptable, and which ceased to be sufficient in 2007 or 2008.

This is a document about Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative
  Passports were required for travel to the United States during the American Civil War, World War I, and continuously since 1941. However, exemptions from the passport requirement existed for travel within the Americas by nationals of some North American jurisdictions. Before 2007, to enter the United States from other parts of the Americas except Cuba, citizens of the United States, Canada and Bermuda were allowed to present any evidence of their citizenship, including merely an oral declaration. Nationals of Mexico could present a Border Crossing Card when arriving from Mexico or Canada. These exemptions applied to travel by any means of transportation.

This is a document about Canada–United States border
  U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) announced the final rule of the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI), which pertained to new identification requirements for travelers entering the United States. This rule, which marked the first phase of the initiative, was implemented on January 23, 2007, specifying six forms of identification acceptable for crossing the U.S. border (depending on mode):  The requirement of a passport or an enhanced form of identification to enter the United States by air went into effect in January 2007; and went into effect for those entering the U.S. by land and sea in January 2008. Although the new requirements for land and sea entry went into legal effect in January 2008,

This is a document about Identity documents in the United States
 On January 23, 2007, a passport, U.S. Coast Guard Merchant Mariner's Document, or NEXUS card became mandatory when re-entering from those locations when traveling by air, with a few exceptions. ; On January 31, 2008, officers at land and sea ports of entry stopped taking oral declarations of citizenship from travelers; all individuals entering the U.S. are now required to present documentary proof of identity and citizenship. ; Beginning July 1, 2009, people entering the United States by land or sea must present a passport, passport card, or other document proving citizenship or permanent resident status. United States passports are issued by the U.S. Department of State. Applications

This is a document about United States passport
  It is unlawful to enter or exit the United States without a valid passport or Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative-compliant passport-replacement document, or without an exception or waiver. The use of passports may be restricted for foreign policy reasons. In September 1939, in order to preserve the United States' neutrality in relation to the breakout of World War II, then Secretary of State Cordell Hull issued regulations declaring that outstanding passports, together with passports issued thereafter, could not be used for travel to Europe without specific validation by the Department of State, and such validation could not last more than six months. Similar restrictions can

This is a document about Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative
  2004, the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act was enacted in response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. Section 7209 of that law required that U.S. citizens, as well as nationals of neighboring jurisdictions who had been previously exempted from the passport requirement, present a passport or other document specified by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security to enter the United States. The law set a deadline of January 1, 2008 for the new requirement to take effect. In 2006, the Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2007 postponed this deadline to June 1, 2009. The implementation of the

This is a document about Wartime Measure Act of 1918
  The passport has long been used as an instrument of international travel, not only in the United States, but also all throughout the world. On August 18, 1856, Congress resolved that passports were reserved for citizens of the United States alone. Congress also gave the Secretary of State "sole authority to issue passports and made it illegal for any other authority to issue a passport or a document in the nature of a passport." The first instance of strict regulations on passport travel in the United States was during the Civil War, attributable to Secretary of State William Seward. These regulations required that anyone entering or exiting the United States have a passport, including immigrants, who had to have their documentation signed by a U.S.

This is a document about United States passport
  after World War I (1914–1918). The passport requirement of the Civil War era lacked statutory authority. During World War I (1914–1918), European countries instituted passport requirements. The Travel Control Act of May 22, 1918, permitted the president, when the United States was at war, to proclaim a passport requirement, and President Wilson issued such a proclamation on August 18, 1918. World War I ended on November 11, 1918, but the passport requirement lingered until March 3, 1921, the last day of the Wilson administration. In Europe, general peace between the end of the Napoleonic Wars (1815) and the beginning of World

This is a document about Freedom of movement under United States law
  1952 (currently codified at ), it is unlawful for a United States citizen to enter or exit the United States without a valid United States passport. As per Haig v. Agee and the Passport Act of 1926 (currently codified at et seq.), the Presidential administration may deny or revoke passports for foreign policy or national security reasons at any time. The Secretary of State has historically in times of peace refused passports for one of three reasons: citizenship or loyalty, criminal conduct, or when the applicant was seeking to "escape the toils of law." Laws and regulations on restricting passports have generally been categorized as personal restrictions or area restrictions and have generally been justified for national security

This is a document about Consular nonreviewability
  the United States Department of State and United States Department of Labor issued a joint order to diplomatic, consular, and immigration officers requiring that noncitizens have a passport and visa before seeking entry to the United States. In 1918, these requirements were made long-term by the United States Congress. Initially, consular officers issuing visas did not check for grounds of inadmissibility; rather, they simply issued the visa and informed the applicant of potential grounds for inadmissibility, leaving the task of determining inadmissibility to the officer at the port of entry. This led to the problem of people undertaking an expensive journey and then being rejected at the port of

This is a document about United States passport
  American consular officials issued passports to some citizens of some of the thirteen states during the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783). Passports were sheets of paper printed on one side, included a description of the bearer, and were valid for three to six months. The minister to France, Benjamin Franklin, based the design of passports issued by his mission on that of the French passport. From 1776 to 1783, no state government had a passport requirement. The Articles of Confederation government (1783–1789) did not have a passport requirement. The Department of Foreign Affairs of the war period also issued passports, and the

This is a document about Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative
  requirement was named the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI) and was done in phases. In the first phase, effective January 23, 2007, nationals of the United States, Canada, Bermuda and Mexico became required to present a passport to enter the United States by air from the Americas. The regulations retained exceptions for U.S. and Canadian citizens with a NEXUS card, and for members of the U.S. military and U.S. Merchant Marine. Effective January 31, 2008, oral declarations were no longer accepted as evidence of citizenship. Citizens of the United States, Canada and Bermuda became required to present some document establishing their

This is a document about United States passport
  allow him to travel as a free black man to visit relatives in Southern slave states. Passports issued by American authorities other than the Department of State breached propriety and caused confusion abroad. Some European countries refused to recognize passports not issued by the Department of State, unless United States consular officials endorsed them. The problems led the Congress in 1856 to give the Department of State the sole authority to issue passports. From 1789 through late 1941, the constitutionally established government required passports of citizens only during two periods: during the American Civil War (1861–1865), as well as during and

This is a document about United States passport
  all in ornate script. In 1926, the Department of State introduced the type III passport. This had a stiff red cover, with a window cut-out through which the passport number was visible. That style of passport contained 32 pages. American passports had green covers from 1941 until 1976, when the cover was changed to blue, as part of the U.S. bicentennial celebration of 1975–1977, and remained blue afterwards until 1993. Green covers were again issued from April 1993 until March 1994, and included a special tribute to Benjamin Franklin in commemoration of the 200th anniversary of the United States Consular

This is a document about Zemel v. Rusk
  Prior to 1961, no passport was required for travel anywhere in the Western Hemisphere. On January 3 of that year, the United States broke diplomatic and consular relations with Cuba. On January 16, the Department of State eliminated Cuba from the area for which passports were not required, and declared all outstanding United States passports (except those held by persons already in Cuba) to be invalid for travel to or in Cuba "unless specifically endorsed for such travel under the authority of the Secretary of State." A companion press release stated that the Department contemplated granting exceptions to "persons whose travel may be regarded as being

This is a document about British colonization of the Americas
  of the standard type issued in the United Kingdom, with the appropriate type of British Citizenship recorded inside; a problem for Bermudians as they have always enjoyed freer entry into the United States than other British Citizens, but the United States had updated its entry requirements (prior to the 2001 terrorist attacks on New York City and Washington, D.C., Bermudians did not need a passport to enter the US, and Americans did not need a passport to enter Bermuda. Since then, anyone entering the US, including US citizens, must present a passport) to specify that, in order to be admitted as

This is a document about Human rights in the United States
  As per § 707(b) of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1979, United States passports are required to enter and exit the country, and as per the Passport Act of 1926 and Haig v. Agee, the Presidential administration may deny or revoke passports for foreign policy or national security reasons at any time. Perhaps the most notable example of enforcement of this ability was the 1948 denial of a passport to U.S. Representative Leo Isacson, who sought to go to Paris to attend a conference as an observer for the American Council for a Democratic Greece, a Communist front organization, because of the group's role in opposing the Greek government in the Greek Civil War. The United States

Passports have been required to enter the United States since November 29, 1941, under the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1941. Prior to that, there were periods without a passport requirement, such as during the American Revolutionary War and the period between 1918 and 1941. However, during those times, other forms of identification, such as Border Crossing Cards, were accepted for travel between the United States and its North American neighbors.


Question: who sang the songs in the movie burlesque

Answer: Cher

This is a document about Burlesque: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
 adapted from AllMusic. Videos of song performances from the film on YouTube: Burlesque: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack Burlesque: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the soundtrack album to the film of the same name by American singers Christina Aguilera and Cher. Screen Gems, Inc and RCA Records released it on November 19, 2010. The soundtrack comprises ten songs, eight performed by Aguilera and two performed by Cher. "Burlesque" is inspired by jazz music style, in contrast to Aguilera's previous release "Bionic" (2010) but similar to her 1920s, 1930s and 1940s-influenced album "Back to Basics" (2006). Upon its release, the album received

This is a document about Closer to the Truth (Cher album)
 album began. In December 2008, she was said to be planning a record of 1960s covers, but in 2010 instead turned her attention to a movie comeback in "Burlesque". For the film, she recorded two songs, "Welcome to Burlesque" and "You Haven't Seen the Last of Me". During promotion for "Burlesque", Cher confirmed she was working on a new album in Nashville. The project's genre was described as southern rock and even country. However, after the success of "You Haven't Seen the Last of Me" on the US Hot Dance Club Songs chart (her seventh number one on that chart),

This is a document about American burlesque
 World Pageant are held. In 2008, "The New York Times" noted that burlesque had made a comeback in the city's art performance scene. A 2010 musical film "Burlesque", starring Christina Aguilera and Cher, attempted to capitalize on the current revival of burlesque. However, it received mixed reviews and a score of 37% on movie website Rotten Tomatoes.<ref name="http://www.rottentomatoes.com"></ref> Critics found it "perversely tame" and "closer to your grandmother’s fan dance than to the neo-burlesque revues that began popping up in the early 1990s". Additionally, it "wags its derrière, in the direction of new burlesque, but it’s strictly old school ...

This is a document about Samuel Dixon
 Sia Furler. His compositions have featured on her albums, "Colour the Small One", "Some People Have Real Problems", "We Are Born", "1000 Forms of Fear" and the deluxe version of This Is Acting. Dixon co-wrote the single "Clap Your Hands", from "We Are Born". He played bass in Sia's live and studio band from 2003 to 2010. Dixon and Furler co-wrote four songs with Christina Aguilera for her 2010 album "Bionic," including the second single, "You Lost Me", with Dixon producing the songs. Dixon produced and co-wrote "Bound to You" which Aguilera performed in the 2010 movie, "Burlesque" and which

This is a document about Burlesque: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
 yet praised Aguilera's acting debut. The accompanying soundtrack, "Burlesque: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack", comprises ten songs: eight performed by Aguilera and two performed by Cher. It was Cher's first major release since her compilation "Gold" in 2005. Producer Tricky Stewart stated that the collaboration with Aguilera on "Burlesque" soundtrack was "a crazy opportunity different from anything [he]'ve ever done before". Danja was looking forward to working with Aguilera on the soundtrack, however it was not done. "Burlesque: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack" comprises ten songs: eight performed by Aguilera and two performed by Cher. The soundtrack has a "brassy, jazzy" sound

This is a document about Burlesque (soundtrack)
  Burlesque: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the soundtrack album to the film of the same name, released by Screen Gems, Inc and RCA Records on November 19, 2010. The soundtrack consists of ten songs sung by the film's stars, American singers Christina Aguilera and Cher; Aguilera sung eight of the tracks, while Cher performed the remaining two. The album is inspired by jazz music style, in style with Aguilera's fifth studio album Back to Basics (2006), but contrasting to her then-recent release Bionic (2010), which was recorded concurrently with Burlesque. Burlesque served as Cher's first album since the release of Living Proof nine years earlier. Upon its release, the album received generally favorable reviews from music critics.

This is a document about Burlesque (2010 American film)
  Burlesque is a 2010 American backstage musical film written and directed by Steven Antin and starring Cher and Christina Aguilera along with Eric Dane, Cam Gigandet, Julianne Hough, Alan Cumming, Peter Gallagher, Kristen Bell, Stanley Tucci, Dianna Agron, and James Brolin. Filming took place from November 2009 to March 2010. It was released on November 24, 2010, in North America. Cher and Aguilera contributed to the soundtrack album, with Aguilera contributing eight out of the 10 songs and Cher taking the remaining two. The album was released in the United States on November 22, 2010, and received two nominations at the 54th Grammy Awards. The song "You Haven't Seen the Last of Me", penned by Diane Warren and sung by Cher, won the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song in 2011, while the film was nominated for the Golden Globe Award in the Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy category. The film has grossed about $91 million worldwide, and an additional $42 million in domestic video sales (DVD and Blu-ray).

This is a document about Christina Aguilera
  owned by Tess Scali (Cher). Burlesque grossed US$90 million in the box office and received mixed reviews from critics, who found it clichéd but praised Aguilera's acting. The film received a nomination for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy at the 68th Golden Globe Awards. Aguilera recorded eight tracks for the film's ten-track accompanying soundtrack, and Cher performed the other two. The soundtrack reached number 18 on the Billboard 200 and was certified gold by the RIAA. At Super Bowl XLV in February 2011, Aguilera omitted a few lines while performing the US national anthem. She apologized for the incident, saying: "I got so caught up in the

This is a document about You Haven't Seen the Last of Me
  Following a long time of hiatus in her acting career, Cher was announced to be returned on the musical film Burlesque (2010) co-starring Christina Aguilera. This was the first time Cher appeared on the screen since Stuck on You (2003). Talking about the making of the film, Cher revealed, "It’s harder to do things. I've beat my body up so badly, it's amazing it's still talking to me and listening to what I say. But I’ve got aches and pains everywhere." The soundtrack was also revealed, with eight songs performed by Aguilera, and two songs by Cher: "Welcome to Burlesque" and "You Haven't Seen the Last of Me". During an interview with a California journal, Cher commented about "You Haven't Seen the Last of Me", "That song, for me, had a lot of meaning. It reminded me that I have to kind of move over." She also spoke about

This is a document about Show Me How You Burlesque
  "Show Me How You Burlesque" is a song recorded by American singer Christina Aguilera for the accompanying soundtrack album to the film Burlesque (2010), which stars Aguilera. It was written by Aguilera, C. "Tricky" Stewart and Claude Kelly and was produced by Stewart. The song was released for digital download onto iTunes Store in 2010. Before being released, a demo version of the track, entitled "Spotlight" was leaked online. "Show Me How You Burlesque" received generally positive reviews from music critics, who praised it as one of the best tracks from the soundtrack. The song charted on several record charts, peaking at number 8 in New Zealand as well as within the top 30 in Australia, Finland, and Switzerland. Aguilera performed "Show Me How You Burlesque" on the eleventh season of U.S. television dancing competition Dancing with the Stars in November 2010.

This is a document about Burlesque (2010 American film)
 1) "Something's Got a Hold on Me" – Ali and the Burlesque Lounge Troupe (performed by Christina Aguilera) ; 2) "My Drag" – The Burlesque Lounge Troupe (a song by Deva Dragon & Squirrel Nut Zippers) ; 3) "Welcome to Burlesque Tango" – The Band ; 4) "Welcome to Burlesque" – Tess and the Burlesque Lounge Troupe (performed by Cher) ; 5) "Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend (Swing Cats Remix)" – Nikki, Georgia and the Burlesque Lounge Troupe (a song by Marilyn Monroe) ; 6) "Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend" – Ali (outro by Christina Aguilera) ; 7) "Long John Blues" – Nikki (performed by Megan Mullally) ; 8) "Nasty Naughty Boy" – Ali (a song by Christina Aguilera/instrumental version) ; 9) "Wagon Wheel Watusi" – Ali (a song by Elmer Bernstein) ; 10) "Ray of Light" –

This is a document about Burlesque (song)
  "Burlesque" is a song and single written by Roger Chapman and John Whitney and performed by British group, Family. It was first released in 1972. It entered the UK singles chart in September, reaching number 13 and stayed for twelve  weeks on the chart.

This is a document about Burlesque (soundtrack)
  In early May 2010, Aguilera announced that she would embark on the supporting concert tour for her sixth studio album, Bionic. However, her management team announced shortly afterwards that the tour was postponed due to Aguilera's promotion for her first feature film, Burlesque (2010), in which she starred alongside Cher. Aguilera reported that she would reschedule the tour in 2011, though the tour never happened. Burlesque was released in November 2010. The film was met with mixed reviews from critics, who criticized it for being "campy and clichéd", yet praised Aguilera's acting debut. The accompanying soundtrack, Burlesque: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack, comprises ten songs: eight performed by Aguilera and two performed by Cher. It was Cher's first major release since her compilation Gold in 2005. Producer Tricky Stewart stated that the collaboration with Aguilera on Burlesque soundtrack was "a crazy opportunity different from anything [he]'ve ever done before". Danja was looking forward to working with Aguilera on the soundtrack, however it was not done.

This is a document about Leroy Griffith
 This Was Burlesque (1964) - producer ; Hello Burlesque - producer

This is a document about Get Yourself a College Girl
 Sidney Miller and Fred Karger wrote two songs for the film, “The Swingin’ Set,” performed offscreen by Donnie Brooks at the film’s opening, and “Get Yourself a College Girl,” performed in the film by Mary Ann Mobley. ; Stan Getz with the Stan Getz Quartet back Astrud Gilberto as she performs “The Girl from Ipanema.” ; The Rhythm Masters perform “Beat Street Rag.” ; Jimmy Smith with The Jimmy Smith Trio perform “Comin' Home Johnny” and the instrumental "The Sermon." ; Freddie Bell & Roberta Linn with the Bellboys perform “Talkin' About Love.” ; The Standells perform “Bony Maronie” and “The Swim.” ; The Dave Clark Five perform “Whenever You're Around,” and “Thinking of You Baby." ; The Animals sing “Blue Feeling” and “Around and Around.” ; Singer Nancy Sinatra, who would have a hit record two years later, appears in this film but does not sing.

This is a document about American burlesque
   Burlesque shows have been depicted in numerous Hollywood films starting with Applause, a 1929 black-and-white backstage musical talkie directed by Rouben Mamoulian. Others include King of Burlesque (1936), starring Warner Baxter; Lady of Burlesque (1943) starring Barbara Stanwyck; Delightfully Dangerous (1945) starring Constance Moore; Two Sisters from Boston (1946), starring Kathryn Grayson; Queen of Burlesque (1946), starring Evelyn Ankers;  Linda, Be Good (1947), starring Elyse Knox; and She's Working Her Way Through College (1952), starring Virginia Mayo. Gypsy (1962), starring Natalie Wood, and The Night They Raided Minsky's (1968), starring Jason Robards, depicted burlesque of the 1920s and 1930s. Other

This is a document about 1st Annual Awards.com Movie Awards
 Burlesque - "Bound to You" ; Country Strong - "Country Strong" ; Tangled - "I See the Light" ; Toy Story 3 - "We Belong Together" ; Waiting for "Superman" - "Shine"

This is a document about Burlesque (2010 American film)
  was, like, she was really up there. Her game is good." Canadian actor Shawn Roberts, who was previously cast in another Screen Gems production Resident Evil: Afterlife, was briefly considered for the role of Jack Miller. Burlesque started shooting on November 9, 2009 and ended on March 3, 2010. Although director Steven Antin wrote the original screenplay, Diablo Cody (Juno) revised it uncredited. It was later further revised by Susannah Grant, also uncredited. Burlesque is Screen Gems' most expensive film, with the exception of the Resident Evil films, with costs of $55 million. Filming locations included the exterior and adjacent parking as the "Burlesque Lounge" of the Ricardo Montalbán Theatre in Hollywood, as well as the interior of the Cathedral of Saint Vibiana. The film marked Aguilera's film debut and Cher's first musical.

This is a document about Burlesque (soundtrack)
  Burlesque: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack comprises ten songs: eight performed by Aguilera and two performed by Cher. The soundtrack has a "brassy, jazzy" sound inspired by jazz, in contrast to Aguilera's last electronic music-inspired studio album Bionic (2010) but similar to her fifth 1920s, 1930s and 1940s-influenced studio album Back to Basics (2006). Four of the songs performed by Aguilera are cover versions, two of Etta James' works: "Something's Got a Hold on Me" and "Tough Lover", a cover version of Mae West's "Guy What Takes His Time", and a dance version of "The Beautiful People" by Marilyn Manson, including the "unmistakable" drum beats and guitar riff in the original version. "I Am a Good Girl" "sticks to the sassy swing of a bygone musical era", while "Express" has

This is a document about Les Poupées de Paris
 1) Overture - Joe Reisman ; 2) Bonsoir - Anne Farge and Janine Forman ; 3) Les Poupees de Paris - Cyd Charisse ; 4) The Bathtub Scene (Bing Crosby, Frank Sinatra and Janine Forman ; 5) Don't Say Paris, Say Paree - Gene Kelly ; 6) You Can't Make It Anywhere - Pearl Bailey ; 7) Let's Be Frank, Mr. Frankenstein - Joey Forman (Bela Lugosi) and Guy Marks (Boris Karloff) ; 8) The Lab - Loretta Young ; 9) The Mad Doctor and the Creature - Paul Frees ; 10) I Can't Wait to Take You Home to Mother - Milton Berle & Jane Keane ; 11) The Kook Spooks (Instrumental) - Joe Reisman ; 12) It's a Living - Liberace, Jayne Mansfield & Lance Legault (as "Pelvis Essley") ; 13) The Opera Singer - Edie Adams ; 14) The Ice Skater (On the Wings of Romance) - Chorus ; 15) Love is a Bore - Pearl Bailey ; 16) Sadie Fats - Merry Williams ; 17) Love Is a Bore (reprise) - Pearl Bailey ; 18) The Circus (Grand Finale) - Phil Silvers & Tony Martin

Christina Aguilera and Cher sang the songs in the movie "Burlesque." Christina Aguilera performed eight songs, while Cher performed two.


Question: who defied the treaty of versailles by sending troops into the rhineland

Answer: Adolf Hitler

This is a document about Remilitarization of the Rhineland
 the Nazi "interlopers in diplomacy". During January 1936, the German Chancellor and "Führer" Adolf Hitler decided to reoccupy the Rhineland. Originally Hitler had planned to remilitarize the Rhineland in 1937, but chose in early 1936 to move re-militarization forward by a year for several reasons, namely: the ratification by the French National Assembly of the Franco-Soviet pact of 1935 allowed him to present his coup both at home and abroad as a defensive move against Franco-Soviet "encirclement"; the expectation that France would be better armed in 1937; the government in Paris had just fallen and a caretaker government was in

This is a document about European interwar economy
 to be doomed from the start and after the hyperinflation of 1923, “money became so worthless that children could play with stacks of it.” Despite civil unrest in Germany and elsewhere in Western Europe, there was still hope that world peace could be maintained. This hope was all but lost after Adolf Hitler came to power in January 1933. The years following consisted of a string of international crises, including: Hitler’s disregard of the Treaty of Versailles by reintroducing compulsory military service in Germany and sending troops to demilitarized zones in Rhineland, Italy’s invasion of Abyssinia in October, 1935, the

This is a document about Abyssinia Crisis
 leaked to the media. Hoare and Laval were accused of betraying the Abyssinians, and both resigned. Their plan was dropped, but the perception spread that the United Kingdom and France were not serious about the principles of the league. The war continued, and Mussolini turned to German dictator Adolf Hitler for alliance. In March 1936, Hitler marched troops into the Rhineland, which had been prohibited by the Treaty of Versailles. The French were now desperate to get Italian support against German aggression directly on their border, so would not take any further action with sanctions. France was prepared to give

This is a document about J. B. M. Hertzog
 in Europe, viewing the Treaty of Versailles as an unjust and vindictive peace treaty, and argued the French were the principle trouble-makers in Europe by seeking to uphold the Versailles treaty. Hertzog argued that if Adolf Hitler had a belligerent foreign policy, it was only because of the Treaty of Versailles was intolerably harsh towards Germany and if the international system was revised to take account of Germany's "legitimate" complaints against Versailles, then Hitler would become a moderate and reasonable statesman. When Germany remilitarized the Rhineland in March 1936, Hertzog informed the British government that there was no possibility of

This is a document about Rhine
 19th century (see Rhine romanticism). At the end of World War I, the Rhineland was subject to the Treaty of Versailles. This decreed that it would be occupied by the allies, until 1935 and after that, it would be a demilitarised zone, with the German army forbidden to enter. The Treaty of Versailles and this particular provision, in general, caused much resentment in Germany and is often cited as helping Adolf Hitler's rise to power. The allies left the Rhineland, in 1930 and the German army re-occupied it in 1936, which was enormously popular in Germany. Although the allies could

This is a document about Franco-Soviet Treaty of Mutual Assistance
 planned, but it remained to serve the purpose of acting as a hollow diplomatic threat of war on two fronts for Germany, should Germany pursue an aggressive foreign policy. Most of the Locarno powers felt that it would only act as a means of dragging them into a suicidal war with Germany for Russia's benefit. It marked a large scale shift in Soviet policy in the Seventh Congress of the Comintern from a pro-revisionist stance against the Treaty of Versailles to a more western-oriented foreign policy as championed by Maxim Litvinov. Adolf Hitler justified the remilitarization of the Rhineland by

This is a document about Territorial evolution of Germany
 the major causes of Nazi aggressiveness and thus the war. Adolf Hitler used these issues as a pretext for waging wars of aggression against Czechoslovakia and Poland. On 7 March 1936, Hitler sent a small expeditionary force into the demilitarized Rhineland. This was a clear violation of the Treaty of Versailles (1919, official end of World War I), and as such, France and Britain were within their rights, via the Treaty, to oust the German forces. British public opinion blocked any use of military force, thus preventing French action, as they were internally divided and would not act without British

This is a document about Territorial evolution of Germany
  On 7 March 1936, Hitler sent a small expeditionary force into the demilitarized Rhineland. This was a clear violation of the Treaty of Versailles (1919, official end of World War I), and as such, France and Britain were within their rights, via the Treaty, to oust the German forces. British public opinion blocked any use of military force, thus preventing French action, as they were internally divided and would not act without British support.

This is a document about Remilitarization of the Rhineland
   The remilitarization of the Rhineland (Rheinlandbesetzung) began on 7 March 1936, when German military forces entered the Rhineland, which directly contravened the Treaty of Versailles and the Locarno Treaties. Neither France nor Britain was prepared for a military response, so they did not act. After 1939 commentators often said that a strong military move in 1936 might have ruined Hitler's expansionist plans. However, recent historiography agrees that both public and elite opinion in Britain and France strongly opposed a military intervention, and neither had an army prepared to move in. After the end of World War I, the Rhineland came under Allied occupation. Under the 1919 Treaty of Versailles, the German military was forbidden from all

This is a document about Causes of World War II
  In violation of the Treaty of Versailles and the spirit of the Locarno Pact and the Stresa Front, Germany remilitarized the Rhineland on March 7, 1936, by moving German troops into the part of western Germany in which according to the Versailles Treaty, they were not allowed. Neither France nor Britain was prepared fight a preventive war to stop the violation and so there were no consequences.

This is a document about Treaty of Versailles
  In 1920, the head of the Reichswehr Hans von Seeckt clandestinely re-established the General Staff, by expanding the Truppenamt (Troop Office); purportedly a human resources section of the army. In March, 18,000 German troops entered the Rhineland under the guise of attempting to quell possible unrest by communists and in doing so violated the demilitarized zone. In response, French troops advanced further into Germany until the German troops withdrew. German officials conspired systematically to evade the clauses of the treaty, by failing to meet disarmament deadlines, refusing Allied officials access to military facilities, and maintaining and hiding weapon production. As the treaty did not ban German companies from producing war material outside of Germany, companies moved

This is a document about Remilitarization of the Rhineland
  Not long after dawn on March 7, 1936, nineteen German infantry battalions and a handful of planes entered the Rhineland. By doing so, Germany violated Articles 42 and 43 of the Treaty of Versailles and Articles 1 and 2 of the Treaty of Locarno. They reached the river Rhine by 11:00 a.m. and then three battalions crossed to the west bank of the Rhine. At the same time, Baron von Neurath summoned the Italian ambassador Baron Bernardo Attolico, the British ambassador Sir Eric Phipps and the French ambassador André François-Poncet to the Wilhelmstrasse to hand them notes accusing France of

This is a document about Remilitarization of the Rhineland
  west of the Rhine or within 50 km east of it. The 1925 Locarno Treaties reaffirmed the permanently-demilitarized status of the Rhineland. In 1929, German Foreign Minister Gustav Stresemann negotiated the withdrawal of the Allied forces. The last soldiers left the Rhineland in June 1930. After the Nazis took power in 1933, Germany began working towards rearmament and the remilitarization of the Rhineland. On 7 March 1936, using the Franco-Soviet Treaty of Mutual Assistance as a pretext, Chancellor and Führer Adolf Hitler ordered the Wehrmacht to march 20,000 German troops into the Rhineland, which caused joyous celebrations across Germany. The French and the British governments, unwilling to risk war, decided against enforcing the treaties. The remilitarization

This is a document about French occupation of Frankfurt
  The French claimed that Articles 42 to 44 of the peace treaty of Versailles concerning the demilitarisation of the Rhineland had been broken. These had designated a neutral zone 50 kilometres deep on the left bank of the Rhine. In this area any construction of fortifications or any military maneuvers were strictly forbidden, it being further specified that any breach would "be regarded as committing a hostile act against the Powers signatory of the present Treaty and as calculated to disturb the peace of the world." When the German Army sent 7,000 troops into the areas north of the River Lippe, the French government concluded that this was a breach of the treaty, and promptly responded by sending their own troops into the Neutral Zone.

This is a document about Rhineland
  The occupation of the Rhineland took place following the Armistice with Germany of 11 November 1918. The occupying armies consisted of American, Belgian, British and French forces. Under the Treaty of Versailles, German troops were banned from all territory west of the Rhine and within 50 kilometers east of the Rhine. In 1920, under massive French pressure, the Saar was separated from the Rhine Province and administered by the League of Nations until a plebiscite in 1935, when the region was returned to Germany. At the same time, in 1920, the districts of Eupen and Malmedy were transferred to Belgium (see German-Speaking Community of Belgium). Shortly after, France completely occupied the Rhineland, strictly controlling all important industrial areas. The Germans responded with passive resistance and hyperinflation; the French gained very little of the reparations they wanted. French troops did not leave the Rhineland until 1925. On 7 March 1936, in violation of the Treaty of Versailles, German troops marched into the Rhineland and other regions along the Rhine. German territory west of the Rhine had been off-limits to the German military. In 1945, the Rhineland was the scene of major fighting as the Allied invaders overwhelmed the German defenders.

This is a document about Rhine Province
  March 1933, two of the four parliamentary districts of the Rhine Province (Cologne-Aachen and Koblenz-Trier) were the only districts in Germany in which the Nazi Party did not win the plurality of votes. In violation of the Treaty of Versailles and the spirit of the Locarno Pact, Nazi Germany remilitarized the Rhineland on Saturday, March 7, 1936. The occupation was done with very little military force, the troops entered on tractors and no effort was made to stop it during the Western appeasement of Hitler) even though the French had an overwhelming force nearby. France did not act because of its political instability, and since

This is a document about April 1920
 Germany sent troops into the Ruhr valley in violation of the Treaty of Versailles, in order to confront leftist workers. The German refusal to withdraw the troops prompted France to send its army to occupy Frankfurt, Hamburg and other German cities.  Herr Wilhelm von Mayer, Germany's chargé d'affaires to France, met with Prime Minister Alexandre Millerand and said that some German troops had entered the demilitarized neutral zone (the 50 km west of the Rhine River) on Thursday evening, but requested a waiver of the treaty in order to confront the leftist rebels.  Premier Millerand informed von Mayer that the German troops would have to be withdrawn. José

This is a document about Appeasement
   Under the Versailles Settlement, the Rhineland was demilitarised. Germany accepted this arrangement under the Locarno Treaties of 1925. Hitler claimed that it threatened Germany and on 7 March 1936, he sent German forces into the Rhineland. He gambled on Britain not getting involved but was unsure how France would react. The action was opposed by many of his advisers. His officers had orders to withdraw if they met French resistance. France consulted Britain and lodged protests with the League, but took no action. Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin said that Britain lacked the forces to back its guarantees to France and that in any case, public opinion

This is a document about Adolf Hitler
  violations of the Treaty, but did nothing to stop it. The Anglo-German Naval Agreement (AGNA) of 18 June allowed German tonnage to increase to 35 per cent of that of the British navy. Hitler called the signing of the AGNA "the happiest day of his life", believing that the agreement marked the beginning of the Anglo-German alliance he had predicted in Mein Kampf. France and Italy were not consulted before the signing, directly undermining the League of Nations and setting the Treaty of Versailles on the path towards irrelevance. Germany reoccupied the demilitarised zone in the Rhineland in March 1936, in violation of the Versailles Treaty. Hitler also sent troops to

This is a document about History of Germany
  In 1935, Hitler officially re-established the Luftwaffe (air force) and reintroduced universal military service. This was in breach of the Treaty of Versailles; Britain, France and Italy issued notes of protest. Hitler had the officers swear their personal allegiance to him. In 1936 German troops marched into the demilitarised Rhineland. As the territory was part of Germany, the British and French governments did not feel that attempting to enforce the treaty was worth the risk of war. The move strengthened Hitler's standing in Germany. His reputation swelled further with the 1936 Summer Olympics, which were held in the same year in Berlin, and proved another great propaganda success for the regime as orchestrated by master propagandist Joseph Goebbels.

Adolf Hitler defied the Treaty of Versailles by sending German troops into the Rhineland in 1936.