Question: where did the craters on the moon come from

Answer: impacts

This is a document about Lunar craters
 Lunar craters Lunar craters are impact craters on Earth's Moon. The Moon's surface has many craters, almost all of which were formed by impacts. The word "crater" was adopted from the Greek word for vessel - (Κρατήρ a Greek vessel used to mix wine and water). Galileo built his first telescope in late 1609, and turned it to the Moon for the first time on November 30, 1609. He discovered that, contrary to general opinion at that time, the Moon was not a perfect sphere, but had both mountains and cup-like depressions. These were named craters by Schroeter (1791), extending

This is a document about Geology of solar terrestrial planets
 texture and swarms of secondary impact craters. Fresh craters of all sizes have dark or bright halos and well-developed ray systems. Although mercurian and lunar craters are superficially similar, they show subtle differences, especially in deposit extent. The continuous ejecta and fields of secondary craters on Mercury are far less extensive (by a factor of about 0.65) for a given rim diameter than those of comparable lunar craters. This difference results from the 2.5 times higher gravitational field on Mercury compared with the Moon. As on the Moon, impact craters on Mercury are progressively degraded by subsequent impacts. The freshest

This is a document about Proteus (moon)
 dome on its floor a few kilometres high. Pharos is the only named surface feature on this moon: the name is Greek and refers to the island where Proteus reigned. In addition to Pharos there are several craters 50–100 km in diameter and many more with diameters less than 50 km. The second landform found on Proteus is linear features such as scarps, valleys, and grooves. The most prominent one runs parallel to the equator to the west of Pharos. These features likely formed as a result of the giant impacts, which formed Pharos and other large craters or as

This is a document about Ina (crater)
 common on Mercury. These features differ from lunar meniscus hollows by presence of bright halo; they are also more widespread, often bigger and usually located in impact craters. Surface of Ina lowlands seems to be much younger than the surface of the hills and outer surroundings. Evidence of this includes light color and low concentration of craters on these lowlands. The Moon surface darkens over time, and multiple meteorite impacts dot it with craters, blur sharp edges of all relief features and make slopes more gentle. Ina seems to be one of the youngest features on the Moon. The surface

This is a document about Venus
 been in the range, relative to a normal temperature of . Almost a thousand impact craters on Venus are evenly distributed across its surface. On other cratered bodies, such as Earth and the Moon, craters show a range of states of degradation. On the Moon, degradation is caused by subsequent impacts, whereas on Earth it is caused by wind and rain erosion. On Venus, about 85% of the craters are in pristine condition. The number of craters, together with their well-preserved condition, indicates the planet underwent a global resurfacing event about 300–600 million years ago, followed by a decay in

This is a document about Stokes (lunar crater)
 ejecta from nearby impacts. The northern half of the floor, however, is much more smooth and nearly featureless except for a few minor impacts. Stokes (lunar crater) Stokes is a lunar impact crater that is nestled in the curve formed by the craters Regnault to the north, Volta along the northeast, and Langley. This formation of craters lies nearly along the northwestern limb of the Moon, where their visibility is affected by libration effects. The rim of this crater has been heavily modified by nearby impacts, although it retains a somewhat circular character. Several small craters lie along the western

This is a document about Far side of the Moon
 Moon has received equal numbers of impacts, but the resurfacing by lava results in fewer craters visible on the near side than the far side, even though the [sic] both sides have received the same number of impacts." Newer research suggests that the reason the side of the Moon facing Earth has fewer impact craters is heat from Earth at the time when the Moon was formed. The lunar crust consists primarily of plagioclases formed when aluminium and calcium condensed and combined with silicates in the mantle. The cooler far side experienced condensation of these elements sooner and so formed

This is a document about Stokes (lunar crater)
 Stokes (lunar crater) Stokes is a lunar impact crater that is nestled in the curve formed by the craters Regnault to the north, Volta along the northeast, and Langley. This formation of craters lies nearly along the northwestern limb of the Moon, where their visibility is affected by libration effects. The rim of this crater has been heavily modified by nearby impacts, although it retains a somewhat circular character. Several small craters lie along the western outer ramparts, as well as along the ridge between Stokes and Langley. Much of the southern section of the floor has been covered by

This is a document about Impact crater
 rate of impact cratering on the Moon. Because the processes of erosion on the Moon are minimal, craters persist almost indefinitely. Since the Earth could be expected to have roughly the same cratering rate as the Moon, it became clear that the Earth had suffered far more impacts than could be seen by counting evident craters. Impact cratering involves high velocity collisions between solid objects, typically much greater than the velocity of sound in those objects. Such hyper-velocity impacts produce physical effects such as melting and vaporization that do not occur in familiar sub-sonic collisions. On Earth, ignoring the slowing

This is a document about Geology of Mercury
 also be due to the existence of deposits of metallic sulfates or other materials with high reflectance. Mercury is not unique in having craters that stand in permanent shadow; at the south pole of Earth's Moon there is a large crater (Aitken) where some possible signs of the presence of ice have been seen (although their interpretation is disputed). It is thought by astronomers that ice on both Mercury and the Moon must have originated from external sources, mostly impacting comets. These are known to contain large amounts, or a majority, of ice. It is therefore conceivable for meteorite impacts

This is a document about Von Békésy (crater)
 Von Békésy (crater) Von Békésy is a worn lunar impact crater on the far side of the Moon. It is located in the northern latitudes, behind the northeastern limb of the Moon as seen from the Earth. This is a relatively isolated crater formation, the closest named crater being Volterra, just over one crater diameter to the north-northeast. To the southwest lies Millikan. This crater has been heavily eroded by subsequent impacts, and several portions of the rim are overlaid by smaller craters. The largest of these is laid across the southeastern rim. There are multiple smaller craters along the

This is a document about Dziewulski (crater)
 Dziewulski (crater) Dziewulski is a lunar impact crater on the far side of the Moon. It lies between the craters Edison to the north and Popov to the south. The outer rim of this crater has been considerably worn by impacts, particularly along the southwest quadrant where the satellite crater Dziewulski Q overlies the rim and the interior floor. The northern rim is also heavily disrupted, and several small crater lie along the southeast rim. The interior floor and surrounding terrain has been resurfaced. Beginning at the southern edge, a chain of craters forms a linear formation running to the

This is a document about Volcanism on the Moon
  claimed to have seen three volcanoes on the Moon in the late 1700s, which later turned out to be earthshine. The origin of lunar craters remained controversial throughout the first half of the 20th century, with volcano supporters arguing that bright rays fanning out of some craters were streaks of volcanic ash similar to those found at Mount Aso in Japan. Astronomers also reported flashes of light and red clouds over the Alphonsus and Aristarchus craters. Evidence collected during the Apollo program (1961–1972) and from unmanned spacecraft of the same period proved conclusively that meteoric impact, or impact by asteroids for larger craters, was the origin of almost all lunar craters, and by implication, most craters on other bodies as well.

This is a document about Face on Moon South Pole
  The craters of the Moon that make up the "face" on the south pole have been preserved for billions of years. The Moon's exterior is 16% composed of these craters. These craters have been formed by the impacts of meteors; they can be up to 1,600 miles across. Due to the absence of an atmosphere, the Moon is not protected from impacts such as these. Craters are often covered with a mixture of fine dust and rocky debris called regolith. Some research conducted through Clementine suggests that there is also water and ice in some craters throughout the Moon. The craters themselves show a past of being filled with molten lava.

This is a document about Lunar craters
  lunar crater formation: one that the craters were caused by projectile bombardment from space, the other that they were the products of subterranean lunar volcanism. Scientific opinion as to the origin of craters swung back and forth over the ensuing centuries. The competing theories were: Grove Karl Gilbert suggested in 1893 that the Moon's craters were formed by large asteroid impacts. Ralph Baldwin in 1949 wrote that the Moon's craters were mostly of impact origin. Around 1960, Gene Shoemaker revived the idea. According to David H. Levy, Gene "saw the craters on the Moon as logical impact sites that were formed not gradually, in eons, but explosively, in seconds." Evidence collected during the Apollo Project and from unmanned spacecraft of the same period proved

This is a document about Impact crater
  craters that he studied were probably formed by impacts. Grove Karl Gilbert suggested in 1893 that the Moon's craters were formed by large asteroid impacts. Ralph Baldwin in 1949 wrote that the Moon's craters were mostly of impact origin. Around 1960, Gene Shoemaker revived the idea. According to David H. Levy, Gene "saw the craters on the Moon as logical impact sites that were formed not gradually, in eons, but explosively, in seconds." For his Ph.D. degree at Princeton (1960), under the guidance of Harry Hammond Hess, Shoemaker studied the impact dynamics of Barringer Meteor Crater. Shoemaker noted Meteor Crater had the

This is a document about Achondrite
  Lunar meteorites are meteorites that originated from the Moon.

This is a document about Lunar craters
 1) volcanic eruptions blasting holes in the Moon ; 2) meteoric impact ; 3) a theory known as the Welteislehre developed in Germany between the two World Wars which suggested glacial motion creating the craters. The word crater was adopted from the Greek word for "vessel" (Κρατήρ a Greek vessel used to mix wine and water). Galileo built his first telescope in late 1609, and turned it to the Moon for the first time on November 30, 1609. He discovered that, contrary to general opinion at that time, the Moon was not a perfect sphere, but had both mountains and cup-like depressions. These were named craters by Johann Hieronymus Schröter (1791), extending its previous use with volcanoes. Robert Hooke in "Micrographia" (1665) proposed two hypotheses

This is a document about Geology of the Moon
  The origin of the Moon's craters as impact features became widely accepted only in the 1960s. This realization allowed the impact history of the Moon to be gradually worked out by means of the geologic principle of superposition. That is, if a crater (or its ejecta) overlaid another, it must be the younger. The amount of erosion experienced by a crater was another clue to its age, though this is more subjective. Adopting this approach in the late 1950s, Gene Shoemaker took the systematic study of the Moon away from the astronomers and placed it firmly in the hands of the lunar geologists. Impact cratering is the most notable geological

The craters on the moon are primarily of volcanic origin, as they were discovered by Galileo in 1609 and named after Cupid, the Greek god of love, due to their bowl-like shapes. However, some craters may also be of impact origin. The moon's cratered surface is a result of both volcanic activity and meteorite impacts throughout its history.


Question: where are the group of cells that control the natural resting heart rate found

Answer: sinoatrial node

This is a document about Pacemaker potential
 and the rate of change (i.e., the slope) of the pacemaker potential is what determines the timing of the next action potential and thus the intrinsic firing rate of the cell. In a healthy sinoatrial node (SAN, a complex tissue within the right atrium containing pacemaker cells that normally determine the intrinsic firing rate for the entire heart), the pacemaker potential is the main determinant of the heart rate. Because the pacemaker potential represents the non-contracting time between heart beats (diastole), it is also called the diastolic depolarization. The amount of net inward current required to move the cell membrane

This is a document about Heart
 resting heart rate is called the sinus rhythm, created and sustained by the sinoatrial node, a group of pacemaking cells found in the wall of the right atrium. Cells in the sinoatrial node do this by creating an action potential. The cardiac action potential is created by the movement of specific electrolytes into and out of the pacemaker cells. The action potential then spreads to nearby cells. When the sinoatrial cells are resting, they have a negative charge on their membranes. However a rapid influx of sodium ions causes the membrane's charge to become positive. This is called depolarisation and

This is a document about Cardiac action potential
 not initiated by nervous activity. Instead, it arises from a group of specialized cells, that have automatic action potential generation. In healthy hearts, these cells are found in the right atrium and are called the sinoatrial node (SAN; see below for more details). They produce roughly 60-100 action potentials every minute. This action potential passes along the cell membrane causing the cell to contract, therefore the activity of the SAN results in a resting heart rate of roughly 60-100 beats per minute. All cardiac muscle cells are electrically linked to one another, by structures known as gap junctions (see below)

This is a document about Heart rate
 (SA node), and the vagus nerve provides parasympathetic input to the heart by releasing acetylcholine onto sinoatrial node cells. Therefore, stimulation of the accelerans nerve increases heart rate, while stimulation of the vagus nerve decreases it. Due to individuals having a constant blood volume, one of the physiological ways to deliver more oxygen to an organ is to increase heart rate to permit blood to pass by the organ more often. Normal resting heart rates range from 60-100 bpm. Bradycardia is defined as a resting heart rate below 60 bpm. However, heart rates from 50 to 60 bpm are common

This is a document about Sinoatrial node
 Sinoatrial node The sinoatrial node (SA node), also known as sinus node, is a group of cells located in the wall of the right atrium of the heart. These cells have the ability to spontaneously produce an electrical impulse (action potential; see below for more details), that travels through the heart via the electrical conduction system (see figure 1) causing it to contract. In a healthy heart, the SA node continuously produces action potential, setting the rhythm of the heart and so is known as the heart's natural pacemaker. The rate of action potential production (and therefore the heart rate)

This is a document about Neural oscillation
 sinoatrial node normally initiates it, simply because it generates impulses slightly faster than the other areas. Hence, these cells generate the normal sinus rhythm and are called pacemaker cells as they directly control the heart rate. In the absence of extrinsic neural and hormonal control, cells in the SA node will rhythmically discharge. The sinoatrial node is richly innervated by the autonomic nervous system, which up or down regulates the spontaneous firing frequency of the pacemaker cells. Synchronized firing of neurons also forms the basis of periodic motor commands for rhythmic movements. These rhythmic outputs are produced by a group

This is a document about Heart arrhythmia
 muscle cell firing off an impulse on its own. All of the cells in the heart have the ability to initiate an action potential; however, only some of these cells are designed to routinely trigger heart beats. These cells are found in the conduction system of the heart and include the SA node, AV node, Bundle of His and Purkinje fibers. The sinoatrial node is a single specialized location in the atrium that has a higher automaticity (a faster pacemaker) than the rest of the heart and, therefore, is usually responsible for setting the heart rate and initiating each heart

This is a document about Multifocal atrial tachycardia
 Multifocal atrial tachycardia Multifocal (or multiform) atrial tachycardia (MAT) is an abnormal heart rhythm, specifically a type of supraventricular tachycardia, that is particularly common in older people and is associated with exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Normally, the heart rate is controlled by a cluster of cells called the sinoatrial node (SA node). When a number of different clusters of cells outside the SA node take over control of the heart rate, and the rate exceeds 100 beats per minute, this is called multifocal atrial tachycardia (if the heart rate is ≤100, this is technically not a tachycardia

This is a document about Cardiac pacemaker
 in adult humans is about 70 beats per minute. Because the sinoatrial node is responsible for the rest of the heart's electrical activity, it is sometimes called the "primary pacemaker". If the SA node does not function properly and is unable to control the heart rate, a group of cells further down the heart will become the ectopic pacemaker of the heart. These cells form the Atrioventricular node (or AV node), which is an area between the left atrium and the right ventricle within the atrial septum, will take over the pacemaker responsibility. The cells of the AV node normally

This is a document about Action potential
 stimulus. However, some excitable cells require no such stimulus to fire: They spontaneously depolarize their axon hillock and fire action potentials at a regular rate, like an internal clock. The voltage traces of such cells are known as pacemaker potentials. The cardiac pacemaker cells of the sinoatrial node in the heart provide a good example. Although such pacemaker potentials have a natural rhythm, it can be adjusted by external stimuli; for instance, heart rate can be altered by pharmaceuticals as well as signals from the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves. The external stimuli do not cause the cell's repetitive firing, but

This is a document about Parasympathetic nervous system
  Heart rate is largely controlled by the heart's internal pacemaker activity. Considering a healthy heart, the main pacemaker is a collection of cells on the border of the atria and vena cava called the sinoatrial node. Heart cells exhibit automaticity which is the ability to generate electrical activity independent of external stimulation. As a result, the cells of the node spontaneously generate electrical activity that is subsequently conducted throughout the heart, resulting in a regular heart rate. In absence of any external stimuli, sinoatrial pacing contributes to maintain the heart rate in the range of 60-100 beats per minute (bpm). At the same time, the two branches of the autonomic nervous system act in a complementary way increasing or slowing the heart rate. In this context, the vagus nerve acts on sinoatrial

This is a document about Heart
   The normal resting heart rate is called the sinus rhythm, created and sustained by the sinoatrial node, a group of pacemaking cells found in the wall of the right atrium. Cells in the sinoatrial node do this by creating an action potential. The cardiac action potential is created by the movement of specific electrolytes into and out of the pacemaker cells. The action potential then spreads to nearby cells. When the sinoatrial cells are resting, they have a negative charge on their membranes. However a rapid influx of sodium ions causes the membrane's charge to become positive. This is called depolarisation and occurs spontaneously. Once the cell has a sufficiently high charge, the sodium channels close and calcium ions then begin to enter the cell, shortly after

This is a document about Neural oscillation
  Cells in the sinoatrial node, located in the right atrium of the heart, spontaneously depolarize approximately 100 times per minute. Although all of the heart's cells have the ability to generate action potentials that trigger cardiac contraction, the sinoatrial node normally initiates it, simply because it generates impulses slightly faster than the other areas. Hence, these cells generate the normal sinus rhythm and are called pacemaker cells as they directly control the heart rate. In the absence of extrinsic neural and hormonal control, cells in the SA node will rhythmically discharge. The sinoatrial node is richly innervated by the autonomic nervous system, which up or down regulates the spontaneous firing frequency of the pacemaker cells.

This is a document about Cardiac action potential
  arises from a group of specialized cells, that have automatic action potential generation capability. In healthy hearts, these cells are found in the right atrium and are called the sinoatrial node (SAN; see below for more details). They produce roughly 60-100 action potentials every minute. This action potential passes along the cell membrane causing the cell to contract, therefore the activity of the SAN results in a resting heart rate of roughly 60-100 beats per minute. All cardiac muscle cells are electrically linked to one another, by structures known as gap junctions (see below) which allow the action potential to pass from one

This is a document about Sinoatrial node
  Heart rate depends on the rate at which the sinoatrial node produces action potentials. At rest, heart rate is between 60 and 100 beats per minute. This is a result of the activity of two sets of nerves, one acting to slow down action potential production (these are parasympathetic nerves) and the other acting to speed up action potential production (sympathetic nerves). The sympathetic nerves begin in the thoracic region of the spinal cord (in particular T1-T4). These nerves release a neurotransmitter called noradrenaline (NA). This binds to a receptor on the SA node membrane, called a beta-1adrenoceptor. Binding of

This is a document about Vagal tone
  Heart rate is largely controlled by the heart's internal pacemaker activity. In a healthy heart, the main pacemaker is a collection of cells on the border of the atria and vena cava called the sinoatrial node. Heart cells exhibit automaticity, the ability to generate electrical activity independent of external stimulation. The electrical activity spontaneously generated by the sinoatrial node sets the pace for the rest of the heart. In absence of external stimuli, sinoatrial pacing generally, while awake, maintains the heart rate in the range of 60–100 beats per minute (bpm). The two branches of the autonomic nervous system work together to increase or slow the heart rate. The vagus nerve acts on the sinoatrial node, slowing its conduction and modulating vagal tone, via the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and downstream changes to ionic currents and calcium of heart cells. Because of its effect on heart rate, and cardio health, vagal tone can be measured and understood by examining its correlation to heart rate modulation and heart rate variability.

This is a document about Heart
  The normal sinus rhythm of the heart, giving the resting heart rate, is influenced by a number of factors. The cardiovascular centres in the brainstem control the sympathetic and parasympathetic influences to the heart through the vagus nerve and sympathetic trunk. These cardiovascular centres receive input from a series of receptors including baroreceptors, sensing stretch the stretching of blood vessels and chemoreceptors, sensing the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood and its pH. Through a series of reflexes these help regulate and sustain blood flow. Baroreceptors are stretch receptors located in the aortic sinus, carotid bodies, the venae cavae, and other locations, including pulmonary vessels and the right side of the heart itself. Baroreceptors fire at a rate determined

This is a document about Cardiac pacemaker
   The contraction of cardiac muscle (heart muscle) in all animals is initiated by electrical impulses known as action potentials. The rate at which these impulses fire controls the rate of cardiac contraction, that is, the heart rate. The cells that create these rhythmic impulses, setting the pace for blood pumping, are called pacemaker cells, and they directly control the heart rate. They make up the cardiac pacemaker, that is, the natural pacemaker of the heart. In most humans, the concentration of pacemaker cells in the sinoatrial (SA) node is the natural pacemaker, and the resultant rhythm is a sinus rhythm. Sometimes an ectopic pacemaker sets the pace, if the SA node is damaged or if the electrical conduction system of the heart has problems. Cardiac arrhythmias can cause heart block, in which the contractions lose any useful rhythm. In humans, and sometimes in other animals, a mechanical device called an artificial pacemaker (or simply "pacemaker") may be used after damage to the body's intrinsic conduction system to produce these impulses synthetically.

This is a document about Cardiac pacemaker
  action potential in contractile cells. Having cardiomyocytes connected via gap junctions allow all contractile cells of the heart to act in a coordinated fashion and contract as a unit. All the while being in sync with the pacemaker cells; this is the property that allows the pacemaker cells to control contraction in all other cardiomyocytes. Cells in the SA node spontaneously depolarize, ultimately resulting in contraction, approximately 100 times per minute. This native rate is constantly modified by the activity of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve fibers via the autonomic nervous system, so that the average resting cardiac rate in adult humans is about 70 beats per minute. Because the sinoatrial node is responsible for the rest of the heart's electrical activity, it is sometimes called the primary pacemaker.

This is a document about Cardiac muscle
  pCardiac muscle cells also called cardiomyocytes are the contractile cells of the cardiac muscle. The cells are surrounded by an extracellular matrix produced by supporting fibroblast cells. Specialised modified cardiomyocytes known as pacemaker cells, set the rhythm of the heart contractions. The pacemaker cells are only weakly contractile without sarcomeres, and are connected to neighboring contractile cells via gap junctions. They are located in the sinoatrial node positioned on the wall of the right atrium, near the entrance of the superior vena cava. Cardiac pacemaker cells carry the impulses that are responsible for the beating of the heart. They are distributed throughout the heart and are responsible for several functions. First,

The group of cells that control the natural resting heart rate are found in the sinoatrial node (SA node) of the heart.


Question: who plays lauren on the young and the restless

Answer: Tracey Elizabeth Bregman

This is a document about Tracey E. Bregman
 to a wildfire in November 2018. The actress made an emotional appearance on the November 12, 2018 edition of "The Talk" to discuss the disaster's impact on her. Tracey E. Bregman Tracey Elizabeth Bregman is an American soap opera actress. She is best known for the role of Lauren Fenmore on "The Young and the Restless" and "The Bold and the Beautiful". Bregman was born in Munich, Germany to American musical arranger, record producer and composer Buddy Bregman and Canadian-born actress Suzanne Lloyd. She lived in Great Britain until the age of 10 when her family relocated to California. She

This is a document about Tracey E. Bregman
 Tracey E. Bregman Tracey Elizabeth Bregman is an American soap opera actress. She is best known for the role of Lauren Fenmore on "The Young and the Restless" and "The Bold and the Beautiful". Bregman was born in Munich, Germany to American musical arranger, record producer and composer Buddy Bregman and Canadian-born actress Suzanne Lloyd. She lived in Great Britain until the age of 10 when her family relocated to California. She has been acting since she was 11 years old, and currently resides in Malibu, California. Prior to "The Young and the Restless", Bregman appeared on "Days of Our

This is a document about List of What I Like About You characters
  Lauren (portrayed by Leslie Grossman) is Val's best friend and frequent business partner. She is bossy and impatient, and frequently comes off as highly self-centered, but deeply values her friendships with Val and Holly, offering them advice with mixed reception and equally mixed results. Her relationship with the Tyler sisters is generally reciprocated, with Val usually offering more effective help to Lauren when she is in trouble. Throughout the series, numerous details have been given regarding Lauren's rather unusual tastes and sordid past, including robbing a laundromat after being convinced by her boyfriend and being a size-16 "big-boned and jelly-like" girl in fourth grade before going to a camp to lose weight. She first

This is a document about Lauren Carpenter
  Lauren Turner (also Carpenter) is a fictional character from the Australian soap opera Neighbours, played by Kate Kendall. The role was originally played by Sarah Vandenbergh, and she made her first appearance during the episode broadcast on 16 February 1993. Lauren was introduced as the "vivacious" daughter of Lou Carpenter (Tom Oliver). Vandenbergh described her as being happy, headstrong and into horses. She also thought that just by looking at the character you knew she was a girl next door type. Lauren's major storylines during her first stint in the show saw her have an affair with Brad Willis (Scott Michaelson), join a religious cult and begin a casual relationship with Wayne Duncan (Jonathon Sammy-Lee). Vandenbergh decided to leave the serial when she was told that Lauren would not feature prominently in storylines anymore.

This is a document about Tracey E. Bregman
  Tracey Elizabeth Bregman (born May 29, 1963) is an American soap opera actress. She is best known for the role of Lauren Fenmore on The Young and the Restless and The Bold and the Beautiful.

This is a document about Lauren
 Lauren Ackerman in iCarly ; Lauren Adams (character) in CHERUB ; Lauren Andrews in Waterloo Road ; Lauren Fenmore Baldwin in The Young and the Restless ; Lauren Branning in EastEnders ; Lauren Cooper in The Catherine Tate Show ; Lauren Lewis in the Canadian television series Lost Girl ; Lauren Mallory in Twilight ; Lauren Miller, a character played by Courteney Cox in the American sitcom television series Family Ties ; Lauren Oya Olamina in Parable of the Sower ; Lauren Reed in the television show Alias ; Lauren "Lo" Ridgemount in the Canadian animated series Stoked ; Lauren Strucker in the television show The Gifted ; Lauren Valentine in Hollyoaks ; Lauren Zizes in Glee

This is a document about Terese Willis
  Brad's ex-girlfriend Lauren (Kate Kendall). Elmaloglou explained that Terese was aware of Brad's past and she was fairly relaxed about it. As Terese felt secure in her marriage, she got on well with Lauren and their respective husbands became rivals instead. Elmaloglou was initially shocked that she was cast as the mother of three teenagers and told a New Idea writer that she liked to think Terese was a very young mother. After Imogen was diagnosed with an eating disorder, Elmaloglou said Terese and Brad would feel guilty for not noticing, as they had been too focused on Josh and his swimming. The actress said the situation wakes them up and makes them realise that they

This is a document about Lauren Carpenter
  During an October 2012 interview with a What's on TV writer, Oliver hinted that Lauren would be coming back to Neighbours, but without Vandenbergh in the role. On 4 November 2012, it was confirmed that the character would be returning and actress Kate Kendall had taken over the part. Kendall was asked to audition for the role, following a previous guest appearance on the show. Of her casting, Kendall stated "It's exciting to be joining Australia's longest running drama and to be working with such an array of experienced actors. To be playing a character such as Lauren Turner, who is deeply

This is a document about Lauren Fenmore
  20, 2004 and January 22, 2007. After a return guest appearance on Y&R on June 15 to 26, 2000 and November 10 to 24, 2000, Bregman returned on a recurring status on August 24, 2001. In March 2013, it was announced that after twelve years on recurring, Bregman had been placed back on contract with the series. She was downgraded back to recurring status in November 2016. Actress Caryn Richman briefly played Lauren during Bregman's maternity leave in 1991. In 1985, Bregman became the first actress to be honored with the Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Younger Actress in a Drama Series; when it was then titled "Outstanding Ingenue in a Drama Series." She was nominated for Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series in 2006 and 2008.

This is a document about List of Boy Meets World characters
  Lauren (Linda Cardellini) is Cory Matthews' potential love interest and archenemy of Topanga Lawrence during Season 5; Cory meets Lauren when he sprained his ankle getting off a bus for a ski trip. She appeared on two episodes in Season 5 and one episode in Season 6. Cory develops an affectionate bond with Lauren and they had kissed, causing Cory and Topanga to break up for a while. Cory ultimately chooses Topanga after realizing his love for her and ended his potential relationship with Lauren off-screen. Topanga herself also kissed another guy during her separation with Cory, making her realize that sometimes she and Cory need to endure trials in their relationship to prove whether their love for each other is strong; Cory and Topanga ultimately got back together. Despite Cory being happy in his

This is a document about Lauren Carpenter
  Vandenbergh joined the cast of Neighbours in 1993 to play the "vivacious" daughter of Lou Carpenter (Tom Oliver). It was her first major television role and she relocated from Sydney to Melbourne for filming. Vandenbergh told Sue Malins of Soaplife that her workload was gruelling and she had a crazy work schedule during her time on the show. The actress said it was tough for the younger cast members who had come straight from school, but as she was twenty, she could deal with it. Vandenbergh decided to leave Neighbours because of a decision made by production staff that Lauren would not feature prominently in storylines. After Lauren had been used to play central stories out such as sexually transmitted

This is a document about Kristi Lauren
  Kristi Lauren (born January 19, 1994) is an American actress. She co-starred as Sophie Watson on the Fox sitcom I Hate My Teenage Daughter. Lauren began acting professionally in 2004 in the short film Save Virgil. In 2006, she had small role in the film Living the Dream starring Sean Young. In 2009, she co-starred in Melora Hardin's directorial debut film You. She also guest starred in the series Wizards of Waverly Place and Working Class in 2009 and 2011, respectively. From 2011–12, she co-starred as Sophie Watson on the Fox sitcom I Hate My Teenage Daughter starring Jaime Pressly and Katie Finneran. The series was cancelled in 2012. Lauren also guest starred in the television series Hawaii Five-0 as Amanda Harper in 2013 and had a small role in the opening sequence of the 2014 film Endless Love.

This is a document about Lauren Koslow
  Lauren Alice Koslow (born March 9, 1953) is an American actress, best known for her long-running portrayal of Kate Roberts on the NBC dramatic serial Days of Our Lives, which she has played continuously since 1996. She previously appeared in the soaps The Bold and the Beautiful and The Young and the Restless.

This is a document about Greg Lauren
  Lauren portrayed Brett Nelson on The Young and the Restless and has appeared in such films as Friends & Family, The Wedding Planner, and Boogie Nights. A painter, Lauren's nudes command up to $15,000 and have been bought by such celebrities as Renée Zellweger, Demi Moore, Ben Stiller, and Cuba Gooding, Jr. He has been cover artist for the DC Comics Vertigo title, Hellblazer issues 215-218 were solicited by the publisher. His artwork is sold at Bespoke Collection. In 2011, he launched his fashion brand named after himself with a ready-to-wear collection for men and women.

This is a document about Lauren Carpenter
  departed on 2 March 1994. On 4 November 2012, it was announced Lauren would be returning to Neighbours with Kendall taking over the role. She made her first appearance as Lauren on 7 February 2013. Upon her return, Lauren brought her family with her and Kendall described them as "charismatic", saying they would have some secrets and "really juicy storylines". Kendall's Lauren is portrayed as being "down to earth", "warm" and "very social". Her storylines since her return have often focused on family issues, including the arrival of her and Brad's long-lost daughter Paige Smith (Olympia Valance), the death of her husband Matt Turner (Josef Brown), and her reunion and marriage to Brad. The character departed on 7 April 2017, along with Brad, before making guest returns in June 2017, March and June 2018.

This is a document about List of The Gifted characters
  Lauren Strucker (portrayed by Natalie Alyn Lind) is one of the series' central children, a "perfect" kid. Her mutant power is creating forcefields which she does by compressing air molecules into shields. When holding hands with her brother, Andy, the two are able to combine their separate abilities into destructive light energy. This was inherited from their great-grandfather and his sister, the Von Struckers, who were mutant terrorists. Lauren fears her family's history and does not want to become like them. Later in the second season, after researching the Von Struckers, Lauren discovers she can rotate her shields at rapid rates, allowing them to cleanly slice through objects. Lind was cast as Lauren in March 2017.

This is a document about High School Possession
 Janel Parrish as Lauren Brady ; Jennifer Stone as Chloe Mitchell ; Shanley Caswell as Olivia Marks ; Ione Skye as Bonnie Mitchell ; Kelly Hu as Denise Brady ; William McNamara as Reverend Young ; Chris Brochu as Mase Adkins ; Maya Stojan as Emma

This is a document about List of Coronation Street characters (2016)
  Lauren, played by Shannon Flynn, made her first on-screen appearance on 4 March 2016. Lauren and Shelley bully Bethany Platt (Lucy Fallon): Lauren pulls Bethany's hair and makes remarks about Bethany and her mother Sarah Platt (Tina O'Brien); sends cruel messages with Shelley to Bethany online; and follows Bethany home with some of her friends, but Luke intervenes and forces them to leave. When Sarah learns of Bethany's bullying, she visits Lauren at her home and confronts both Lauren and her mother (Lisa Moore). Lauren and her friends steal Bethany's phone and on another occasion, they insult Bethany's brother, Harry, calling him unplanned and ugly, which causes Bethany's uncle Nick to lose his temper at

This is a document about Christel Khalil
  Khalil is best known for her portrayal as Lily Winters on the CBS soap opera The Young and the Restless. At the 39th Daytime Emmy Awards on June 23, 2012, she won the Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Younger Actress in a Drama Series after four nominations in the category. In August 2018, she announced her decision to downgrade from being on contract with the show and instead continue on a recurring basis. Khalil explained the decision was driven by her desire to have more freedom in both her professional and personal life. She continued to make sporadic appearances on the show until being approached by current head writer and co-executive producer Josh Griffith in January 2020, to return to filming on a

This is a document about List of Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles characters
  Lauren Fields (introduced in "Alpine Fields"), portrayed by Samantha Krutzfeldt, is the daughter of David Fields and Anne Fields. She is the half-sister and adoptive mother of Sydney Fields. She meets Sarah Connor and Cameron six months before Sydney's birth, when Sarah and Cameron invade her family's home and protect them from an unnamed T-888 in the present. Lauren enjoys camping and building birdhouses with her father, and is aware that her father is regularly cuckolded by her mother with neighbour Roger Shaffer. Lauren informs Sarah of her banker father's dealings with technology company Simdyne Cybernetics. The two thus incorrectly theorise that he is a target. Six months later, the T-888 finds the family again, but Lauren and her

Tracey E. Bregman plays Lauren on "The Young and the Restless."


Question: what material is captain america 's shield made out of

Answer: vibranium

This is a document about Captain America's shield
 was created by the team of writer-artist Joe Simon and artist Jack Kirby. Captain America's shield is virtually indestructible under normal conditions. While cosmic and magical or godly opponents have broken the shield, the shield proves strong enough to absorb Hulk's strength, and repel an attack from Thor's mystical hammer Mjölnir without any visible damage. Due to its construction of a vibranium and Iron alloy, it is able to absorb all kinetic energy and transfers very little energy from each impact, preventing Captain America from feeling recoil or transferred impact forces when blocking attacks. This alloy also allows him to

This is a document about Captain America
 as steel, or even a photonic energy shield designed to mimic a vibranium matrix. Rogers, having relinquished his regular shield to Barnes, carried a variant of the energy shield which can be used with either arm, and used to either block attacks or as an improvised offensive weapon able to cut through metal with relative ease. Much like his Vibranium shield, the energy shield can be thrown, including ricocheting off multiple surfaces and returning to his hand. Captain America's uniform is made of a fire-retardant material, and he wears a lightweight, bulletproof duralumin scale armor beneath his uniform for added

This is a document about Captain America
 which Captain America's 1950s imitator and Nuke are the most notorious examples. Captain America has used multiple shields throughout his history, the most prevalent of which is a nigh-indestructible disc-shaped shield made from an experimental alloy of steel and the fictional vibranium. The shield was cast by American metallurgist Dr. Myron MacLain, who was contracted by the U.S. government, from orders of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, to create an impenetrable substance to use for tanks during World War II. This alloy was created by accident and never duplicated, although efforts to reverse-engineer it resulted in the discovery of adamantium. Captain

This is a document about Captain America's shield
 "The Infinity Gauntlet", Thanos, who possesses near-omnipotence via the Infinity Gauntlet, shatters the shield with a blow of his fist while in combat with Captain America. The shield is soon restored by Thanos' alleged granddaughter, Nebula, when she obtains the Gauntlet and uses it to undo the events of Thanos's temporary godhood, resulting in her erasing the death and destruction that Thanos had caused over the previous 24 hours. Due to a stray molecule being out of place when Rogers reconstructed the shield using the Beyonder's residual power, a vibranium 'cancer' was introduced to the shield, spreading with each subsequent

This is a document about Captain America's shield
 hero known as the Patriot and leader of the Young Avengers. In 2010, the history of the original shield was revised. In the limited series "Captain America/Black Panther: Flags of Our Fathers", Captain America, Sergeant Nick Fury and the Howling Commandos meet Azzari (grandfather of T'Challa) -- the Black Panther and king of Wakanda during World War II. Aided by Wakandan military forces, they successfully repel a series of Nazi assaults led by the Red Skull and Baron Strucker. During the battle, the Red Skull (wearing a battle-suit) crushes the triangular shield, and Captain America uses a circular vibranium shield

This is a document about Captain America
 Skull as a counter-intelligence agent. He is supplied with a patriotic uniform of his own design, a bulletproof shield, a personal side arm, and the codename Captain America, while posing as a clumsy infantry private at Camp Lehigh in Virginia. He forms a friendship with the camp's teenage mascot, James Buchanan "Bucky" Barnes. Barnes learns of Rogers' dual identity and offers to keep the secret if he can become Captain America's sidekick. During their adventures, Franklin D. Roosevelt presents Captain America with a new shield, forged from an alloy of steel and vibranium, fused by an unknown catalyst, so effective

This is a document about Wolverine (character)
 cut almost any known solid material, including most metals, wood, and some varieties of stone. The only known exceptions are adamantium itself and Captain America's shield, which is made out of a proto-adamantium-vibranium alloy. Vibranium alone is not comparable in terms of durability with adamantium, and has been broken by Colossus. Wolverine's ability to slice completely through a substance depends upon both the amount of force he can exert and the thickness of the substance. His claws can also be used to block attacks or projectiles, as well as dig into surfaces allowing Wolverine to climb structures. The adamantium also

This is a document about Rikki Barnes
 issue 3. As this came out after Onslaught Unleashed this suggests that the character may return to life in the main Marvel Universe. Rikki is a natural athlete who was trained by S.H.I.E.L.D. and Captain America. She is a gifted fighter, marksman and acrobat with the familiarity with technological devices of a S.H.I.E.L.D. agent. As Bucky she wore a bulletproof costume modeled after the original Bucky. She also made use of a vibranium-photonic energy shield along with vibranium soled boots that allowed her to run up walls, move silently, leap greater distances and land from great heights. She also wielded

This is a document about Klaw (Marvel Comics)
 to a 'vibranium cancer' introduced into the world when Captain America's shield was broken and improperly repaired, Klaw travels to Wakanda with the goal of absorbing the sound energy of the imminent explosion to become even stronger. Captain America is able to defeat him when he uses the damaged shield to absorb Klaw's attack. The blast realigns the shield molecules so that the shield is repaired and the vibranium cancer destroyed. Klaw features in the opening arc of the fourth Black Panther series, a flashback story that features the origin of the title character. The character ultimately resurfaces again, having

This is a document about Captain America: The Captain
 that he was caught in the middle of Stark's personal Armor Wars. After being knocked out by Iron Man while trying to stop him from attacking the Guardmen at the Vault, Rogers confronts Stark and return the adamantium shield. However, the Black Panther gives Rogers a black-striped shield composed of pure vibranium. Later, Diamondback helps Rogers, Falcon, Vagabond, Demolition Man, and Nomad stops the Serpent Society. Meanwhile, the Nazi discovers Walker's identity and murdered his parents causing Walker to flew into a rage and exacted a terrible revenge. His recklessness and his refusal to obey orders were too much for

This is a document about Cyber (Marvel Comics)
 of incapacitating Wolverine before his mutant healing factor could filter them out. The potent toxins are specifically designed to affect Wolverine and are fatal to ordinary humans within seconds. Cyber's adamantium claws were also capable of cutting almost any known material. The known exceptions are adamantium itself and Captain America's shield, which is composed of a vibranium and an experimental "steel alloy". After Wolverine gouged out Cyber's left eye in combat, it was replaced with an artificial implant. Cyber also possesses a psionic ability that allows him to track specific brain wave patterns across great distances. The exact limit of

This is a document about Captain America's shield
 the design was too similar to that of its own patriotic hero the Shield, Timely Comics replaced the triangular shield with a disc-shaped one. While the origin and fate of the original shield were not described in the original comics from the 1940s, the shield's fate was revealed decades later in 2001 through a retconned story. According to the tale, King T'Chaka of the African nation Wakanda met Captain America in early 1941 and gave him a sample of vibranium, an alien metal with unique vibration absorption properties and found only in Wakanda and the Savage Land. The new Vibranium

This is a document about Captain America's shield
  Captain America's shield is a recurring item throughout the Marvel Cinematic Universe franchise. Like its comic book counterpart, it is circular, relatively lightweight, and made of the nearly indestructible Wakandan metal, vibranium. It is created by Howard Stark and given to Steve Rogers during World War II. Within the MCU, the shield is seen as a symbol of Captain America's strength and legacy.

This is a document about Captain America's shield
  In production for Captain America: The First Avenger, the shield, which is depicted as both a defensive tool and a weapon, came in four types: metal, fiberglass, rubber, and computer graphics (CG). Prop master Barry Gibbs specified that "We had the 'hero shield,' which was made of aluminum, for our beauty shots [and] close-up work. We then created a lighter shield that was aluminum-faced with a fiberglass back, for use on a daily basis. ... And then we had a stunt shield made of polyurethane, which is sort of a synthetic rubber ... and we made an ultrasoft one we put

This is a document about Captain America's shield
  Captain America's shield is virtually indestructible under normal conditions. While cosmic, magical or godly opponents have broken the shield, the shield has absorbed Hulk's blows, repelled Thor's mystical hammer Mjölnir and deflected Wolverine's adamantium blades without visible damage. It is composed of proto-adamantium, a never-duplicated combination of vibranium, steel alloy (adamantium), and an unknown catalyst. This material absorbs kinetic energy, transferring very little and thus preventing Captain America from feeling recoil or transferred impact forces when blocking attacks. The shield can bounce off of most surfaces, ricocheting multiple times before returning to the thrower.

This is a document about Captain America
  Captain America's uniform is made of a fire-retardant material, and he wears a lightweight, bulletproof duralumin scale armor beneath his uniform for added protection. Originally, Rogers' mask was a separate piece of material, but an early engagement had it dislodged, thus almost exposing his identity. To prevent a recurrence of the situation, Rogers modified the mask with connecting material to his uniform, an added benefit of which was extending his armor to cover his previously exposed neck. As a member of the Avengers, Rogers has an Avengers priority card, which serves as a communications device.

This is a document about Captain America
  #3 (May 1941). The legacy of the shield among other comics characters includes the time-traveling mutant superhero Cable telling Captain America that his shield still exists in one of the possible futures; Cable carries it into battle and brandishes it as a symbol. When without his trademark shield, Captain America sometimes uses other shields made from less durable metals such as steel, or even a photonic energy shield designed to mimic a vibranium matrix. Rogers, having relinquished his regular shield to Barnes, carried a variant of the energy shield which can be used with either arm, and used to either block attacks or as an improvised offensive weapon able to cut through metal with relative ease. Much like his Vibranium shield, the energy shield can be thrown, including ricocheting off multiple surfaces and returning to his hand.

This is a document about Captain America's shield
 In the 1990 live-action movie Captain America, Steve Rogers/Captain America uses a metal shield of similar design. ; In the animated movie Ultimate Avengers, based loosely on The Ultimates, Captain America uses a shield made from vibranium and compound. Captain America received the vibranium shield while it was still a prototype. With this new shield, he fought against the Chitauri alongside the Avengers. Before then, he used a triangular shield that he was fond of. The composition of the triangular shield remains unrevealed. It did prove to be effective against the bullets of German soldiers, but was not of practical use when he could use much more advance technology. ; In the 2021 action comedy Free Guy, which takes place in a video game world, Ryan Reynolds' character produces the Marvel Studios version of the shield and uses it to defend himself, at which point the Avengers theme is heard. Chris Evans makes a cameo appearance as himself acknowledging the connection. This moment was added to the script shortly before shooting after 20th Century Fox, the studio producing the film, was acquired by Disney.

This is a document about Captain America
  Captain America has used multiple shields throughout his history, the most prevalent of which is a nigh-indestructible disc-shaped shield made from a unique combination of Vibranium, Steel alloy, and an unknown third component that has never been duplicated called Proto-Adamantium. The shield was cast by American metallurgist Dr. Myron MacLain, who was contracted by the U.S. government, from orders of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, to create an impenetrable substance to use for tanks during World War II. This alloy was created by accident and never duplicated, although efforts to reverse-engineer it resulted in the discovery of adamantium. Captain America often uses his shield as an offensive throwing weapon. The first instance of Captain America's trademark ricocheting shield-toss occurs in Stan Lee's first comics writing, the two-page text story "Captain America Foils the Traitor's Revenge" in Captain America

Captain America's shield is made of an experimental alloy of discarded steel and an unknown fictional metal.


Question: who played joshua in the movie the ten commandments

Answer: John Derek

This is a document about The Ten Commandments (1956 film)
 he receives, from God, the Ten Commandments. The film stars Charlton Heston in the lead role, Yul Brynner as Rameses, Anne Baxter as Nefretiri, Edward G. Robinson as Dathan, Yvonne De Carlo as Sephora, Debra Paget as Lilia, and John Derek as Joshua; and features Sir Cedric Hardwicke as Sethi, Nina Foch as Bithiah, Martha Scott as Yoshebel, Judith Anderson as Memnet, and Vincent Price as Baka, among others. Filmed on location in Egypt, Mount Sinai and the Sinai Peninsula, the film was DeMille's last and most successful work. It is a partial remake of his 1923 silent film of

This is a document about Cornel Wilde
 projects included "Curly" and "Second Act Curtin". Wilde was meant to appear as Joshua in de Mille's "The Ten Commandments" but was not in the final film - he turned down the role saying it was too small and the pay was too little (John Derek ended up playing it). Wilde later said it was his worst mistake because having even a small role in a big blockbuster would have given him career momentum. As an actor only, he appeared in "Hot Blood" (1956) with Jane Russell for director Nicholas Ray, and "Beyond Mombasa" (1956), shot in Kenya; both were

This is a document about Fraser Clarke Heston
 The Ten Commandments (1956) - The Infant Moses ; The Search for Michael Rockefeller (2010, documentary) - Narrator

This is a document about Exodus: Gods and Kings
  Christian Today reported that the casting of white actors in the lead roles was being criticized. Four white actors were cast to play the Hebrew and Egyptian lead characters: Christian Bale as Moses, Joel Edgerton as Ramses II, Sigourney Weaver as Queen Tuya, and Aaron Paul as Joshua. The Sydney Morning Herald also reported the online community's observations that the film gives a European profile to the Great Sphinx of Giza. Christian Today reported that an online petition was underway. It also compared Exodus to the 1956 film The Ten Commandments with its all-white cast and said, "The racial climate, number of

This is a document about The Ten Commandments (2007 film)
  The Ten Commandments is a 2007 American computer animated film directed by John Stronach and Bill Boyce, and released by Promenade Pictures. The film follows Moses from his childhood, as the adopted grandson of Pharaoh, to his adulthood, as the chosen one of Yahweh and liberator of his people. The film is narrated by Ben Kingsley, and stars Christian Slater as Moses, Alfred Molina as Ramses and Ellott Gould as God. It was released to theaters on October 19, 2007, and received negative reviews, with criticism directed towards the animation and voice acting. It was also a box office bomb, grossing only $1 million against a budget of $10 million. The film was released on DVD on February 5, 2008.

This is a document about Anek
 Ayushmann Khurrana as Joshua

This is a document about Charlton Heston
   Heston became an icon for playing Moses in the hugely successful biblical epic The Ten Commandments (1956), selected by director Cecil B. DeMille, who thought Heston bore an uncanny resemblance to Michelangelo's statue of Moses. DeMille cast Heston's three-month-old son, Fraser Clarke Heston, as the infant Moses. The Ten Commandments became one of the greatest box office successes of all time and is the eighth highest-grossing film adjusted for inflation. His portrayal of the Hebrew prophet and deliverer was praised by film critics. The Hollywood Reporter described him as "splendid, handsome and princely (and human) in the scenes dealing with him as a young man,

This is a document about Exodus: Gods and Kings
  On March 15, 2013, Deadline Hollywood reported Scott wanted Christian Bale to star in the film; in August he confirmed the role to be Moses. On the same day, Joel Edgerton joined the cast to play Ramses and production was set to begin in September. The studio announced the casting calls in Spain's Almería and Pechina for 3,000 to 4,000 extras, and on the island of Fuerteventura for another 1,000 to 2,000 extras. On August 27, Aaron Paul joined the film to play Joshua. Sigourney Weaver, Ben Kingsley, and John Turturro were then still negotiating about joining the cast. The Sydney Morning Herald

This is a document about The Ten Commandments (1956 film)
  "The timing's just right. If it's a boy, who better to play the Baby Moses?") as soon as Heston announced to DeMille that his wife Lydia was pregnant. Fraser Heston was three months old during filming. Henry Wilcoxon's wife, Joan Woodbury, was cast as Korah's wife in the Golden Calf sequence. DeMille was reluctant to cast anyone who had appeared in 20th Century Fox's The Egyptian, a rival production at the time. Several exceptions to this are the casting of John Carradine and Mimi Gibson (in credited supporting roles) and Michael Ansara and Peter Coe (in uncredited minor roles), who appeared in both films. For the large crowd shots, at least 14,000 extras and 15,000 animals were used while filming The Ten Commandments.

This is a document about The Ten Commandments (1956 film)
  The Ten Commandments is a 1956 American epic religious drama film produced, directed, and narrated by Cecil B. DeMille, shot in VistaVision (color by Technicolor), and released by Paramount Pictures. Based on the 1949 novel Prince of Egypt by Dorothy Clarke Wilson, the 1859 novel Pillar of Fire by J. H. Ingraham, the 1937 novel On Eagle's Wings by A. E. Southon, and the Book of Exodus, The Ten Commandments dramatizes the biblical story of the life of Moses, an adopted Egyptian prince who becomes the deliverer of his real brethren, the enslaved Hebrews, and thereafter leads the Exodus to Mount Sinai, where he receives, from God, the Ten Commandments. The film

This is a document about The Ten Commandments (1956 film)
  for The Robe, as well as textiles and costume fabrics for Samson and Delilah, David and Bathsheba, and others. Jesse Lasky Jr., a co-writer on The Ten Commandments, described how DeMille would customarily spread out prints of paintings by Lawrence Alma-Tadema to inform his set designers on the look he wanted to achieve. Arnold Friberg, in addition to designing sets and costumes, also contributed the manner in which Moses ordained Joshua to his mission at the end of the film: by the laying on of hands, placing his hands on Joshua's head. Friberg, a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of

This is a document about Val Kilmer
  The Ten Commandments: The Musical, produced by BCBG founder Max Azria. The production played at the Kodak Theater in Hollywood and also featured Adam Lambert. Kilmer had previously played Moses in the animated film The Prince of Egypt. Finally in 2004, Kilmer appeared in an episode of Entourage, where he played a Sherpa whose primary source of income was growing, harvesting and distributing high-quality cannabis, all under a guise of metaphysical insights. Kilmer was in negotiations with Richard Dutcher (a leading director of Mormon-related films) to play the lead role in a film entitled Prophet: The Story of Joseph Smith, although the project never materialized. Kilmer performed in

This is a document about Paul De Rolf
  Paul De Rolf (December 6, 1942 – June 22, 2017) was an American actor, choreographer, and dancer. In addition to his acting credits, De Rolf choreographed Steven Spielberg's 1941 (1979) and The Karate Kid Part II (1986), as well as the television series Petticoat Junction and The Beverly Hillbillies. De Rolf began his career as a child actor. In 1955, he appeared opposite Bob Hope as one of the seven brothers in The Seven Little Foys. He was then cast as Eleazar, the nephew of Moses, in Cecil B. DeMille's 1956 epic film, The Ten Commandments. De Rolf transitioned to choreographer in the 1960s. He worked as choreographer and dancer for both

This is a document about October 1956
 The Ten Commandments, starring Charlton Heston as Moses and directed by Cecil B. DeMille, is released in the United States. It becomes one of the highest-grossing films of all time.

This is a document about Moses
 Moses was portrayed by Theodore Roberts in Cecil B. DeMille's 1923 silent film The Ten Commandments. Moses also appeared as the central character in the 1956 remake, also directed by DeMille and called The Ten Commandments, in which he was portrayed by Charlton Heston. A television remake was produced in 2006. ; Burt Lancaster played Moses in the 1975 television miniseries Moses the Lawgiver. ; In the 1981 comedy film History of the World, Part I, Moses was portrayed by Mel Brooks. ; In 1995, Sir Ben Kingsley portrayed Moses in the 1995 TV Film Moses, produced by British and Italian Production Companies ; Sir Ben Kingsley was the narrator of the 2007 animated film, The

This is a document about Joshua Fredric Smith
  Joshua landed his first acting job through a. After that he was cast in several supporting roles in independent films, including Absolute Evil, a film starring David Carradine, Caravaggio: The Search and Born That Way. Since then, Joshua has appeared in various TV shows (Dirty Sexy Money, Greek), commercials and music videos, including starring in the New Kids on the Block "2 in the Morning" music video produced by Donnie Wahlberg. His most recent film credits include starring roles in Finding a Place and The Road to Freedom, the latter of which is an epic war tale based on true-life events. The Road to Freedom tells the account of two photojournalists who brave the deep jungles of war-torn Cambodia to get their story of despairing humanity during the 1972 Khmer Rouge terrorism. In his latest movie Dam 999, he plays Captain Fredrick Brown, a tongue-in-cheek Anglo-Indian mariner, an epitome of Hasya, the rasa of mirth and fun. In 2015 it was chosen to make part of the latest Avicii video "Broken Arrows".

This is a document about Charlton Heston
  Charlton Heston (born John Charles Carter; October 4, 1923April 5, 2008) was an American actor and political activist. As a Hollywood star, he appeared in almost 100 films over the course of 60 years. He played Moses in the epic film The Ten Commandments (1956), for which he received his first nomination for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama and the title role in Ben-Hur (1959), for which he won the Oscar for Best Actor. He also starred in The Greatest Show on Earth (1952), Secret of the Incas (1954), Touch of Evil (1958) with Orson Welles, The Big Country (1958),

This is a document about The Ten Commandments (1956 film)
  Charlton Heston in the lead role, Yul Brynner as Rameses, Anne Baxter as Nefretiri, Edward G. Robinson as Dathan, Yvonne De Carlo as Sephora, Debra Paget as Lilia, and John Derek as Joshua; and features Sir Cedric Hardwicke as Sethi, Nina Foch as Bithiah, Martha Scott as Yochabel, Judith Anderson as Memnet, and Vincent Price as Baka, among others. Filmed on location in Egypt, Mount Sinai and the Sinai Peninsula, The Ten Commandments was DeMille's most successful work, his first widescreen film, his fourth biblical production, and his final directorial effort before his death in 1959. It is a remake of the prologue of his 1923 silent film of the same title,

This is a document about Dathan
  Dathan is portrayed by modern popular culture in Cecil B. DeMille's epic film The Ten Commandments (1956) where he is played by Edward G. Robinson. In the film, he is an Israelite who works as an overseer of the Hebrews and informant for the Egyptians, and later, after betraying Moses' Hebraic origin to Ramses, he becomes Governor of Goshen, with his brother Abiram as his second. During the plagues, he repeatedly tries to dissuade the Israelites from listening to Moses. In spite of his loyalty and service to Pharaoh, he is expelled from Egypt after the Plague of the Firstborn and forced to join Moses

Yul Brynner played Joshua in the movie "The Ten Commandments."


Question: who played adam on little house on the prairie

Answer: Linwood Boomer

This is a document about Linwood Boomer
 Linwood Boomer Linwood Boomer (born October 9, 1955) is a Canadian-American television producer, writer, and former actor. He is known for playing the role of Adam Kendall on the drama "Little House on the Prairie", and for creating the Fox sitcom "Malcolm in the Middle". Boomer was born in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, the third of four sons. He was enrolled in a gifted program at school. His mother is named Eileen. Boomer began his career as an actor. After playing Adam Kendall on "Little House on the Prairie", Boomer began focusing his talents on the behind-the-scenes aspects of television.

This is a document about Mary Ingalls
 portrayed in the television series "Little House on the Prairie" by actress Melissa Sue Anderson. Unlike her real-life counterpart, the television version of Mary Ingalls became a teacher in a school for the blind and married a blind fellow teacher, Adam Kendall, who was portrayed by Linwood Boomer. Mary Ingalls Mary Amelia Ingalls (January 10, 1865 – October 20, 1928) was born near the town of Pepin, Wisconsin. She was the first child of Caroline and Charles Ingalls and older sister of author Laura Ingalls Wilder, known for her "Little House on the Prairie" book series. At the age of

This is a document about Touched by an Angel (season 1)
 Charles Rocket as Adam

This is a document about David Canary
  23, 2010. He announced that he intended to return to AMC occasionally. He reprised both of his roles as Adam and Stuart Chandler for several days before its September 23, 2011, finale on ABC. In 2013, he returned to the role of Adam when the show began to produce online episodes. His primetime television guest appearances include Law & Order, Touched by an Angel, S.W.A.T., Primus, Alias Smith and Jones, Police Story, Kung-Fu, Hawaii Five-O, Remember WENN, and Cimarron Strip. The actor also appeared as the locomotive engineer in the movie Atomic Train. In 2004, he appeared as mathematical genius Robert in a well-reviewed production

This is a document about Linwood Boomer
  Linwood Boomer (born October 9, 1955) is a Canadian-American television producer, writer, and former actor. He is known for playing the role of Adam Kendall on the drama Little House on the Prairie, and for creating the Fox sitcom Malcolm in the Middle.

This is a document about Adam Newman
  Series creator William J. Bell created Victor Newman, Jr. in 1995 as part of a social issue storyline. The plot involved Hope Adams' decision to carry Victor's child to term despite the possibility that he could inherit his mother's blindness, which could manifest later in life. Adam was first portrayed in 1995 by infant actors, including twins Celeste and Coryn Williams, followed by Danielle and Sabrina Helper and then Spencer Klass. Hayden Tank played the role from December 1996 to August 1997, and returned for a guest appearance on June 26, 2002. In 2008, it was announced that the character had been rapidly aged to an adult. Chris Engen assumed the role of Adam on February 21, 2008. In May 2009, it was announced that Engen was leaving the program and that

This is a document about Stan Ivar
  He played blacksmith John Carter in Little House on the Prairie, joining the cast during the final season, and the TV movies Little House: Look Back to Yesterday, Little House: Bless All the Dear Children, and Little House: The Last Farewell. Once Little House on the Prairie ended, Ivar asked if he could keep the set. Ivar later disassembled the house and moved it out to his home in rural LA County. Other notable TV roles include Ben Robinson in NCIS, Daniel Scott in Days of Our Lives, Paul Raines in Highway to Heaven, and Mark Johnson in Star Trek: Voyager. He has also had roles in

This is a document about Malcolm Atterbury
  Summer and Smoke (1961) - Rev. Winemiller ; Advise & Consent (1962) - Senator Tom August ; The Birds (1963) - Deputy Al Malone ; Cattle King (1963) - Abe Clevenger ; Seven Days in May (1964) - Horace - White House Physician (uncredited) ; Joy in the Morning (1965) - Willis J. Calamus (uncredited) ; The Chase (1966) - Mr. Reeves ; Hawaii (1966) - Gideon Hale ; The Hardy Boys: The Mystery of the Chinese Junk (1967) - Clams Daggett ; The Learning Tree (1969) - Silas Newhall ; Emperor of the North (1973) - Hogger ; The Towering Inferno (1974) - Jeweler (uncredited) ; Little House on the Prairie (1979) - Brewster Davenport

This is a document about Adam Rich
  Adam Rich (born October 12, 1968) is an American actor noted for his role as Nicholas Bradford, the youngest son on the television series Eight Is Enough, which ran for five seasons (1977–1981). A distinctive feature of his appearance during his years as a child actor was his pageboy haircut, which inspired thousands of parents of that era to imitate the look for their young sons. His role on the show led him to be known as "America's little brother."

This is a document about Steve Shaw (actor)
  One of Shaw's earliest acting appearances was on Little House on the Prairie Season 3 Episode 22, Gold Country, as Sam Delano, the son of an Italian couple mining for gold. He made another appearance on Little House on the Prairie in a Season 5 episode entitled "The Odyssey" in which he played a character named Dylan Whittaker who has been diagnosed with terminal leukemia and wishes to see the Pacific Ocean before he dies. He also appeared in two episodes of The Waltons in 1978 as George Simmons. Also in 1978, he played Alexander Armsworth in the Weekly Disney TV movie Child of Glass. Shaw then appeared regularly in Knots Landing from 1979 to 1987, and thereafter made occasional return appearances until 1990.

This is a document about Matthew Labyorteaux
  Matthew Charles Labyorteaux (born December 8, 1966) is an American film, television and voice actor. In many of his credits, his last name is spelled as "Laborteaux". He is also credited as Matthew Charles for his work in animation. He is best known for portraying Albert Ingalls on Little House on the Prairie from 1978–83. He is also known as the voice of Jaden Yuki and The Supreme King in Yu-Gi-Oh! GX from 2005–08.

This is a document about Bonanza
   The show chronicles the weekly adventures of the Cartwright family, headed by the thrice-widowed patriarch Ben Cartwright (Lorne Greene). He had three sons, each by a different wife: the eldest was the urbane architect Adam Cartwright (Pernell Roberts) who built the ranch house; the second was the warm and lovable giant Eric "Hoss" Cartwright (Dan Blocker); and the youngest was the hotheaded and impetuous Joseph or "Little Joe" (Michael Landon). Via exposition (S01:E01 – "Rose for Lotta") and flashback episodes, each wife was accorded a different ancestry: English (S02:E65 – "Elizabeth My Love"), Swedish (S03:E95 – "Inger My Love"), and French Creole (S04:E120 – "Marie My Love") respectively. The family's cook was Chinese immigrant Hop Sing

This is a document about Radames Pera
  Radames was shaved bald, except in the pilot movie, where he was shown with hair before the scenes showing his head being shaved. In the series he mainly worked with veteran Asian-American actors Philip Ahn (Master Kan), Keye Luke (blind Master Po, who called him "Grasshopper") and Richard Loo (Master Sun), and was mostly shown living in a Shaolin Monastery where he was taught by the monks to be a Shaolin master. He is depicted as the first person to be welcomed into a Shaolin Monastery who was not of full Chinese birth. Kwai Chang Caine as an adult was played by David Carradine. Radames also had a recurring role on Little House on the Prairie as John (Jr.), eldest adopted son of Mr. Edwards, and became Mary

This is a document about Adam Newman
  and get my hands dirty!" In 2016, it was announced that Hartley had been cast in a regular role on the NBC drama series This Is Us, which was picked up by the network, placing his future with The Young and the Restless into question. In September 2016, Hartley confirmed his exit from the soap opera on his Facebook page, thanking fans for their support as well as encouraging them to watch him on This Is Us. In March 2019, Daytime Confidential broke the news that actor Mark Grossman had been cast in the role. He received his first credit in the role on May 9, although his first appearance would be on May 13, 2019. In 2020, child actor Dane West was cast in the role, portraying Adam in newly-created flashbacks.

This is a document about Charles Ingalls
 Michael Landon in the television series Little House on the Prairie and its movie sequels ; Matthew Laborteaux as a young Charles in the third-season episode "Journey in the Spring" and the fourth-season episode "I Remember, I Remember" of the television series ; Shūsei Nakamura (voice) in Laura, The Prairie Girl Japanese cartoon series ; Richard Thomas in both Beyond the Prairie: The True Story of Laura Ingalls Wilder films ; Cameron Bancroft in the miniseries Little House on the Prairie ; Steve Blanchard in the musical Ingalls has been portrayed in the adaptations of Little House on the Prairie by:

This is a document about Chris Engen (actor)
  Engen has guest-starred in various television programs. He was a recurring character in Saints & Sinners, CSI: NY and Felicity. He began appearing as Adam Newman on The Young and the Restless on February 12, 2008. Engen abruptly left his role on The Young and the Restless in mid-May 2009; the role was immediately recast with actor Michael Muhney. Engen's departure was allegedly due to "the dark direction his character [was] taking" and an upcoming same-sex storyline. It was alleged that Engen abruptly left the show "mid-contract due to objections over Adam's storyline and character direction," but the precise objections have never been established beyond the realm of unsubstantiated rumors. In a subsequent statement

This is a document about Sammy Davis Jr.
  Wide World (1965, title song) – Singer behind opening credits (uncredited) ; A Man Called Adam (1966) – Adam Johnson ; Alice in Wonderland (or What's a Nice Kid Like You Doing in a Place Like This?) (1966) ; Salt and Pepper (1968) – Charles Salt ; The Fall (1969) ; The Pigeon (1969) - Larry Miller ; Sweet Charity (1969) – Big Daddy ; One More Time (1970) – Charles Salt ; Elvis: That's the Way It Is (1970) ; The Trackers (1971) – TV movie with Ernest Borgnine ; Diamonds Are Forever (1971) – Casino Punter (deleted scene) ; Save the Children (1973) ; Poor Devil (1973; unsold pilot of a TV series) ; Gone with the West,

This is a document about David Canary
  David Hoyt Canary (August 25, 1938 – November 16, 2015) was an American actor. Canary is best known for his role as ranch foreman Candy Canaday in the NBC Western drama Bonanza, and as Adam Chandler in the television soap opera All My Children, for which he received 16 Daytime Emmy Award nominations and won five times.

This is a document about Aaron and Adam Nee
  The younger Nee brother moved to New York City as a young adult to pursue acting, which entailed day work on such television projects as Law & Order and Sex and the City. Adam starred in the 2006 film The Last Romantic, Able Danger, and South of Heaven, in which he acted alongside Aaron, playing brothers Roy and Dale Coop. He currently resides in Los Angeles.

Linwood Boomer played Adam Kendall on "Little House on the Prairie."


Question: what supreme court case established the principal of judicial review

Answer: Hylton v. United States

This is a document about Judicial review in the United States
 United States: In 1796, "Hylton v. United States" was the first case decided by the Supreme Court involving a direct challenge to the constitutionality of an act of Congress, the Carriage Act of 1794 which imposed a "carriage tax". The Court engaged in the process of judicial review by examining the plaintiff's claim that the carriage tax was unconstitutional. After review, the Supreme Court decided the Carriage Act was constitutional. In 1803, "Marbury v. Madison" was the first Supreme Court case where the Court asserted its authority for judicial review to strike down a law as unconstitutional. At the end

This is a document about Judicial review in the United States
 function. This apparently was the first Supreme Court case to find an act of Congress unconstitutional. However, there was not an official report of the case and it was not used as a precedent. "Hylton v. United States", 3 U.S. (3 Dall.) 171 (1796), was the first case decided by the Supreme Court that involved a challenge to the constitutionality of an act of Congress. It was argued that a federal tax on carriages violated the constitutional provision regarding "direct" taxes. The Supreme Court upheld the tax, finding it was constitutional. Although the Supreme Court did not strike down the

This is a document about Judicial review in the United States
 state and federal courts for more than twenty years before "Marbury", including the Supreme Court in "Hylton v. United States". One scholar concluded: "[B]efore "Marbury", judicial review had gained wide support." "Marbury" was the point at which the Supreme Court adopted a monitoring role over government actions. After the Court exercised its power of judicial review in "Marbury", it avoided striking down a federal statute during the next fifty years. The court would not do so again until "Dred Scott v. Sandford", 60 U.S. (19 How.) 393 (1857). However, the Supreme Court did exercise judicial review in other contexts. In

This is a document about Marbury v. Madison
  Marbury v. Madison, 5 U.S. (1 Cranch) 137 (1803), was a landmark U.S. Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in the United States, meaning that American courts have the power to strike down laws and statutes that they find to violate the Constitution of the United States. Decided in 1803, Marbury is regarded as the single most important decision in American constitutional law. The Court's landmark decision established that the U.S. Constitution is actual law, not just a statement of political principles and ideals, and helped define the boundary between the constitutionally separate executive and judicial branches of the federal government. The case originated in

This is a document about Judicial review in the United States
  In the United States, judicial review is the legal power of a court to determine if a statute, treaty or administrative regulation contradicts or violates the provisions of existing law, a State Constitution, or ultimately the United States Constitution. While the U.S. Constitution does not explicitly define the power of judicial review, the authority for judicial review in the United States has been inferred from the structure, provisions, and history of the Constitution. Two landmark decisions by the U.S. Supreme Court served to confirm the inferred constitutional authority for judicial review in the United States. In 1796, Hylton v. United States was the first case decided by the Supreme Court involving a direct challenge to the constitutionality of an act of Congress, the Carriage Act of 1794 which imposed

This is a document about Separation of powers under the United States Constitution
  Courts check both the executive branch and the legislative branch through judicial review. This concept is not written into the Constitution, but was envisioned by many of the Constitution's Framers (for example, The Federalist Papers mention it). The Supreme Court established a precedent for judicial review in Marbury v. Madison. There were protests by some at this decision, born chiefly of political expediency, but political realities in the particular case paradoxically restrained opposing views from asserting themselves. For this reason, precedent alone established the principle that a court may strike down a law it deems unconstitutional. A common misperception is that the Supreme

This is a document about List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 5
  Marbury v. Madison, 5 U.S. (1 Cranch) 137 (1803), is a landmark U.S. Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in the United States, meaning that American courts have the power to strike down laws, statutes, and some government actions that they find to violate the Constitution of the United States. Decided in 1803, Marbury remains the single most important decision in American constitutional law. The Court's landmark decision established that the U.S. Constitution is actual law, not just a statement of political principles and ideals, and helped define the boundary between the constitutionally separate executive and judicial branches of the federal government.

This is a document about Principles of '98
  not adopted by any other state. Seven state legislatures formally rejected the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions, and three others expressed disapproval. Several of the states asserted that the federal judiciary, not the states, is the proper forum to interpret the Constitution. In 1803, Marbury v. Madison was a case decided by the US Supreme Court that established the principle of judicial review, which has been the overriding legal precedent in constitutional law. Nevertheless, versions of the Principles of '98 continued to be promoted by some parties during the early 19th century. Besides the original reaction to the Alien and Sedition Acts, the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions, nullification was discussed and cited

This is a document about Dr. Bonham's Case
  by adopting Blackstone's position that judges cannot challenge Acts of Parliament. Even before then, Dr. Bonham's Case had rarely been used as a rallying cry in America; judicial review in America grew primarily from other political and intellectual sources. In Marbury v. Madison (1803), the case that forms the basis for the exercise of judicial review in America, Chief Justice John Marshall stated that "the particular phraseology of the Constitution of the United States confirms and strengthens the principle, supposed to be essential to all written constitutions, that a law repugnant to the constitution is void, and that courts, as well as other departments, are

This is a document about Constitutionalism
  John Marshall, the 4th Chief Justice, upheld the principle of judicial review in the 1803 landmark case Marbury v. Madison, whereby Supreme Court could strike down federal and state laws if they conflicted with the Constitution. By establishing the principle of judicial review, Marshall Court helped implement the ideology of separation of powers and cement the position of the American judiciary as an independent and co-equal branch of government. On the other hand, Earl Warren, the 14th Chief Justice, greatly extended civil rights and civil liberties of all Americans through a series of landmark rulings. The Warren Court started a liberal Constitutional Revolution by bringing "one man, one vote" to the United States, tearing apart racial segregation and state laws banning interracial marriage, extending the coverage of Bill of Rights, providing defendants' rights to an attorney and to silence (Miranda warning), and so on.

This is a document about Constitutional law of the United States
  Early in its history, in Marbury v. Madison, 5 U.S. 137 (1803) and Fletcher v. Peck, 10 U.S. 87 (1810), the Supreme Court of the United States declared that the judicial power granted to it by Article III of the United States Constitution included the power of judicial review, to consider challenges to the constitutionality of a State or Federal law. The holding in these cases empowered the Supreme Court to strike down enacted laws that were contrary to the Constitution. In this role, for example, the Court has struck down state laws for failing to conform to the Contract Clause (see, e.g., Dartmouth College v. Woodward), the Equal Protection Clause (see, e.g., Brown v. Board of Education), or the Commerce Clause of the Constitution (see, e.g., United States v. Lopez).

This is a document about Public service law in the United States
 Judicial review

This is a document about Supreme Court of the United States
  wrote: "A Constitution is, in fact, and must be regarded by the judges, as a fundamental law. It therefore belongs to them to ascertain its meaning, as well as the meaning of any particular act proceeding from the legislative body. If there should happen to be an irreconcilable variance between the two, that which has the superior obligation and validity ought, of course, to be preferred; or, in other words, the Constitution ought to be preferred to the statute." The Supreme Court firmly established its power to declare laws unconstitutional in Marbury v. Madison (1803), consummating the American system of checks and balances. In explaining the power of judicial review, Chief

This is a document about California Courts of Appeal
  state supreme court and the Supreme Court of the United States. A few famous U.S. Supreme Court cases, such as Burnham v. Superior Court of California, came to the high court on writ of certiorari to one of the Courts of Appeal after the state supreme court had denied review. Many Court of Appeal opinions have become nationally prominent in their own right, such as the 1959 opinion that carved out the first judge-made exception to the at-will employment doctrine, the 1980 opinion that authorized a cause of action for wrongful life, and the 1984 opinion that created the right to Cumis counsel.

This is a document about Australian constitutional law
  The process of judicial review – the ability of The High Court of Australia to declare legislation unconstitutional and therefore invalid – has its origin in American experience, where the right of the Supreme Court of the United States to strike down legislation deemed incompatible with the Constitution was first asserted by the Supreme Court itself in the seminal case of Marbury v. Madison in 1803. Although completely foreign to both British and Australian colonial experience, the framers of the Australian Constitution clearly intended that the practice would take hold in Australia, and even expressly adverted to it in the Constitutional text (in section 76). This power of judicial review of legislation for conformity with the Constitution has been exercised almost exclusively by the High Court of Australia, and almost invariably with a Full Bench of all its members, perhaps most famously in the Communist Party case. Influence from American jurisprudence has occurred in specific cases. A brief overview of the other listed features will provide a background for the doctrinal developments examined below.

This is a document about Supreme court
   The Supreme Court of the United States, established in 1789, is the highest federal court in the United States, with powers of judicial review first asserted in Calder v. Bull (1798) in Justice Iredell's dissenting opinion. The power was later given binding authority by Justice Marshall in Marbury v. Madison (1803). There are currently nine seats on the US Supreme Court. Each U.S. state has its own state supreme court, which is the highest authority interpreting that state's law and administering that state's judiciary. Oklahoma and Texas have separate criminal and civil courts of last resort. In Texas, the state's Court of Criminal Appeals hears criminal appeals and has sole authority to grant the writ

This is a document about Constitutionality
  review also covers the evaluation of the constitutionality of the states' actions. It is even recognized that US federal judges are appointed for life to ensure their ability to engage in judicial review independently. Influential examples of Supreme Court decisions that declared U.S. laws unconstitutional include Roe v. Wade (1973), which declared that prohibiting abortion is unconstitutional, and Brown v. Board of Education (1954), which found racial segregation in public schools to be unconstitutional. There are different forms of constitutions. The US Constitution is a "rigid constitution" and so can be modified only as their express terms allow and as the constitution itself ordains.

This is a document about Rule of law doctrine in Singapore
  Judicial review is the means by which legal rights are protected and good governance enforced. The ability of the courts to judicially review legislation and administrative action is considered an element of the rule of law. In R. v. Committee of the Lords of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council acting for the Visitor of the University of London, ex parte Vijayatunga (1987), Judge Simon Brown said: "Judicial review is the exercise of the court's inherent power at common law to determine whether action is lawful or not; in a word to uphold the rule of law".  In Singapore, the vital role that the judiciary plays as a check on executive power was noted by the Court

This is a document about Cornell Law Review
  Law Quarterly, chronicled the recent constitutional convention to illuminate the provisions of the state's new Constitution. The journal also realized Woodruff's vision by honing the legal skills of the student editors who served on the journal. One of the first Editors-in-Chief, Elbert Tuttle, later rose to prominence as the Chief Judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit during a time when that court was called upon to be the primary enforcer of the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education in the southern states in that circuit. The journal grew steadily over the next fifty years,

The Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in the United States is "Marbury v. Madison" (1803). In this case, the Supreme Court struck down a law as unconstitutional for the first time, asserting its authority to do so.