Question: who voiced optimus prime in the transformers movie

Answer: Peter Claver Cullen

This is a document about Peter Cullen
 Peter Cullen Peter Claver Cullen (born July 28, 1941) is a Canadian voice actor. He is best known as the voice of Optimus Prime (as well as Ironhide) in the original 1980s "Transformers" animated series, and most other incarnations of the character. He has also voiced several other characters, including Eeyore in the "Winnie the Pooh" franchise, Monterey Jack in "Chip 'n Dale Rescue Rangers", and KARR in "Knight Rider". In 2007, Cullen returned to the role of Optimus Prime in various "Transformers" media, starting with the first live-action film. Cullen was born on July 28, 1941 in Montreal, Quebec,

This is a document about Peter Cullen
 actor Frank Welker. At BotCon 2010, Hasbro named Cullen as one of the first four human inductees in the Transformers Hall of Fame for his role as the voice of Optimus Prime. Peter Cullen Peter Claver Cullen (born July 28, 1941) is a Canadian voice actor. He is best known as the voice of Optimus Prime (as well as Ironhide) in the original 1980s "Transformers" animated series, and most other incarnations of the character. He has also voiced several other characters, including Eeyore in the "Winnie the Pooh" franchise, Monterey Jack in "Chip 'n Dale Rescue Rangers", and KARR in

This is a document about Optimus Prime
  Optimus Prime is primarily voiced by Peter Cullen in most of his incarnations, who voiced him in the original series. Following the production of the 2007 film, Cullen reprised his role for the sequels and supporting media and would even voice Optimus in later series such as Transformers: Prime. Optimus has been voiced by a number of other voice actors in other series such as Neil Kaplan, Garry Chalk, and David Kaye in the series Transformers: Robots in Disguise, the Unicron Trilogy, and Transformers Animated, respectively.

This is a document about Peter Cullen
  Peter Claver Cullen (born July 28, 1941) is a Canadian voice actor. He is best known as the voice of Optimus Prime in the original 1980s Transformers animated series, and most other incarnations of the character. He has also voiced many other characters across a wide variety of popular media, including Eeyore in the Winnie the Pooh franchise, Monterey Jack in Chip 'n Dale Rescue Rangers, the first voice of KARR in Knight Rider and the vocalizations of the title character in Predator. In 2007, Cullen returned to the role of Optimus Prime in Transformers media, starting with the first live-action film.

This is a document about Transformers: The Game
  Transformers: The Game received mixed reviews upon release. GameRankings and Metacritic gave it a score of 57.69% and 55 out of 100 for the PC version; 57.44% and 56 out of 100 for the PlayStation 2 version;  54.38% and 53 out of 100 for the Wii version;  53.49% and 54 out of 100 for the PlayStation 3 version;  52.42% and 52 out of 100 for the Xbox 360 version;  and 46.89% and 47 out of 100 for the PSP version. In most reviews, graphics and sound effects were praised, IGN's review named the graphics of the Wii version in the time of its release as the best on the system while Peter Cullen's voice acting as Optimus Prime, alongside Frank Welker (Megatron's original voice in the 1984 cartoon) were considered strong points also. GameSpot also commended the responsive motion-controls on the Wii. However, the various reviewers

This is a document about Transformers: Movie Prequel
 Peter Cullen as Optimus Prime ; Frank Welker as Megatron ; Mark Ryan as Bumblebee ; Patrick Hallahan as Starscream / Additional Voices ; Brian Stepanek as Blackout / Agent Reggie Simmons ; Kevin Dunn as Ron Witwicky ; Patrick Viall as Captain Archibald Witwicky / Additional Voices  ; Harold Hayes, Jr. as Bald Sector 7 Agent ; Justin Foley as Additional Voices  ; Kenny Luper as Additional Voices ; Ryan Pfeiffer as Additional Voices Unknown voice actors voice Sam, Barricade and Epps

This is a document about The Transformers: The Movie
  The Transformers: The Movie is a 1986 animated science fiction action film based on the Transformers television series. It was released in North America on August 8, 1986, and in the United Kingdom on December 12, 1986. It was co-produced and directed by Nelson Shin, who also produced the television series. The screenplay was written by Ron Friedman, who created The Bionic Six a year later. The film features the voices of Eric Idle, Judd Nelson, Leonard Nimoy, Casey Kasem, Robert Stack, Lionel Stander, John Moschitta Jr., Peter Cullen, and Frank Welker, and saw the final film roles for Orson Welles who died before the film's release and Scatman Crothers who died after the release of the film. The soundtrack comprises electronic music composed

This is a document about Bumblebee (film)
  borrowed from the films of executive producer Steven Spielberg. Abrams did not think the film even succeeded on its own merits, and said: "There's not only nothing new here, there's nothing convincing either". In March 2020 at GalaxyCon Richmond, Peter Cullen said that during production of the film, he was brought in to dub over a temp track by voice actor Jon Bailey for Optimus Prime due to the character being fully animated in a single day, as had to match Bailey's delivery. As a result, he was disappointed at how his performance came across and the way he was treated.

This is a document about Transformers: Prime
  The first voice actor to be cast in the series was Jeffrey Combs as Ratchet. Combs revealed this on his personal website on February 4, 2010. On May 17, 2010, it was announced that Peter Cullen, who had originated the role of Optimus Prime in the original series and voiced him in the live-action film series, would return as Optimus' voice in Prime. During San Diego Comic Con on July 8, 2010, it was revealed that Frank Welker would also reprise the role of Megatron from the original series. Besides Optimus and Ratchet, Autobots Bumblebee, Arcee and Bulkhead were also announced. It was also revealed that Starscream and Soundwave

This is a document about Transformers: The Game
  Peter Cullen, voice of Optimus Prime in the original 1984 TV series as well as in the 1986 and 2007 films, reprises the role. Mark Ryan, voice of Bumblebee in the 2007 film, voices Ironhide (He also voices Hoist in the PSP version). Andrew Kishino (Everquest II) voices Jazz as well as providing additional voice recording. Fred Tatasciore (Star Wars: Clone Wars) voices Ratchet as well as providing sounds for the Autobot drones (He also voices Sideswipe in the PSP version). Seth Bleiler provided sounds for the Autobot drones as well as providing some additional voice recording. Erik Passoja (The Beach Boys: An American Family) also provided sounds for the Autobot drones as well as

This is a document about List of Transformers animated series
  Transformers: Prime is a CGI-based series that aired on The Hub television network from November 29, 2010 to July 26, 2013, with Peter Cullen and Frank Welker once again providing the voices of Optimus Prime and Megatron respectively. The series begins three years after the Autobot's last confrontation with the Decepticons. After Cybertron became uninhabitable due to the war between the Autobots and Decepticons, the Autobots scattered across the Universe. Optimus Prime is on Earth with a small group of Autobots that call themselves Team Prime. While the Autobot's presence is not known among the general population, the United States government is aware of their presence and cooperates with them. A special agent named William Fowler

This is a document about Transformers: Age of Extinction
  In November 2012, Mark Wahlberg was cast in the film. Also in November 2012, The Hollywood Reporter reported that casting had begun for two additional leads: the daughter to Wahlberg's character and her boyfriend, a race car driver. Isabelle Cornish, Nicola Peltz, Gabriella Wilde, and Margaret Qualley were all considered for the role of the daughter, while Luke Grimes, Landon Liboiron, Brenton Thwaites, Jack Reynor, and Hunter Parrish were all considered for the boyfriend. The leads are contracted for three films. In January 2013, Reynor was cast as the boyfriend, and in March 2013, Nicola Peltz was cast as Wahlberg's daughter. Peter Cullen reprises his role as the voice of Optimus Prime. Glenn Morshower stated in September 2012 that he would appear in the next two films, reprising his role of General Morshower, but Morshower announced in May 2013 that he would

This is a document about Transformers: War for Cybertron
  The soundtrack for the console versions was composed by Tyler Bates. The ending theme is "Till All Are One" by Stan Bush, from his 2007 album In This Life. Peter Cullen returns to voice Optimus, having voiced the character several times in the Transformers franchise. Other voice actors include Kari Wahlgren as Arcee, Liam O'Brien as Air Raid, Johnny Yong Bosch as Bumblebee, Fred Tatasciore as Megatron, Ratchet, Omega Supreme, and Trypticon, Keith Szarabajka as Ironhide, Steven Blum as Barricade and Shockwave, Nolan North as Brawl, and Sam Riegel as Starscream.

This is a document about Transformers Prime Beast Hunters: Predacons Rising
 Peter Cullen – Optimus Prime ; Sumalee Montano – Arcee ; Nolan North – Smokescreen & Skylynx ; John Noble – Unicron ; Daran Norris – Knock Out ; Steve Blum – Starscream & Darksteel ; Kevin Michael Richardson – Bulkhead ; David Sobolov – Shockwave ; Will Friedle – Bumblebee ; Frank Welker – Megatron & Terrorcons ; James Horan – Wheeljack ; Peter Mensah – Predaking ; Jeffrey Combs – Ratchet ; Michael Ironside – Ultra Magnus

This is a document about Transformers: Power of the Primes
  On January 9, 2018, it was announced that Mark Hamill, who had previously voiced Megatronus in Transformers: Titans Return, would resume his role for Transformers: Power of the Primes. It was also confirmed that Ron Perlman would voice Optimus Primal, after the character was voted by fans to become the next Prime, while Gregg Berger also reprised his role as Grimlock in addition to Volcanicus, the combined robot form of the five Dinobots. Other voice actors include Jaime King, Mikey Way, Peter Cullen, and Samoa Joe. Judd Nelson, Kari Wahlgren and Wil Wheaton also reprised their roles.

This is a document about Transformers: Dark of the Moon
 Peter Cullen as Optimus Prime, the leader of the Autobots and keeper of the Matrix of Leadership who transforms into a blue and red 1994 Peterbilt 379 semi-trailer truck ; Hugo Weaving as Megatron, the leader of the Decepticons who is still badly wounded from the battle in Egypt and transforms into a rusty 10-wheeler 2011 Mack Titan tank-truck ; Leonard Nimoy as Sentinel Prime, Optimus's predecessor as the leader of the Autobots and later a Decepticon double agent who transforms into a red and black Rosenbauer Panther Fire Truck (Nimoy had previously lent his voice to Galvatron in DeLaurentiis Entertainment Group's 1986 Transformers picture). ; Jess Harnell as Ironhide, the Autobot weapons specialist and Optimus Prime's second-in-command who transforms into

This is a document about Peter Cullen
  the voice of the Autobot leader on his older brother Larry, who served in Vietnam. "When he came home, I could see a change. He was quieter and he was a man and a superhero to me," says the actor. "I watched him and listened to him. I'd never had an opportunity to do a superhero, and when that came, [that voice] just came right out of me and I sounded like Optimus."  He has also stated that he had no idea of Prime's popularity until the character's controversial death in the 1986 animated film, because the studio had never given him fan letters from children addressed to Optimus. The public backlash over Optimus's death surprised producers greatly.

This is a document about Peter Cullen
  Cullen recalls auditioning for the role of the robot superhero Optimus Prime at a casting house in Burbank, California, explaining that as he read Prime's character breakdown, he saw that it was "the opportunity of the year", and heeded his brother Larry's advice: "Peter, don't be a Hollywood superhero, be a real superhero. Real superheroes don't yell and act tough; they are tough enough to be gentle, so control yourself." Cullen later learned from his agent, Steve Tisherman, that he not only won the part of Prime, but also, to his surprise, the role of Ironhide as well, which he saw as a "home run". He has stated that Optimus is his favorite voice role, and that he

This is a document about Transformers: Prime
  voice acting, singling out Peter Cullen (Optimus Prime), Jeffrey Combs (Ratchet) and Frank Welker's (Megatron) performances. He criticized Bumblebee's portrayal as mute. He concluded the review saying that the series "accomplishes its goals, delivering plenty of fun and action, while also incorporating darker and more complex moments that older viewers can appreciate". Brian Lowry of Variety said that Transformers: Prime is "unexpectedly sharp" and better than the movies, adding that the show's CGI animation is well-suited for rendering shiny robots and "their vehicular alter egos"; he ended the review by saying that while "there's nothing more than meets the eye here, [..] what does appear is plenty entertaining".

Peter Cullen voiced Optimus Prime in the Transformers movie.


Question: when did the byzantine empire start to decline

Answer: 1071

This is a document about Decline of the Byzantine Empire
 fell into decline. After the Battle of Manzikert (1071) it lost control of Anatolia, and while the Komnenos dynasty restored a degree of stability in the 12th century with help from the First Crusade, the empire was captured and partitioned by the Crusaders themselves in the Fourth Crusade in 1204. Even after Byzantine rule was restored in 1261, the empire was now a shadow of its former self, and after the end of the Crusades, the empire had little to set against the rise of the Ottoman Empire during the late medieval period, and was eventually conquered with the Fall

This is a document about History of the Byzantine Empire
 Arabs. During the Macedonian dynasty (10th–11th centuries), the Empire again expanded and experienced a two-century long renaissance, which came to an end with the loss of much of Asia Minor to the Seljuk Turks after the Battle of Manzikert in 1071. This battle opened the way for the Turks to settle in Anatolia as a homeland. The final centuries of the Empire exhibited a general trend of decline. It struggled to recover during the 12th century, but was delivered a mortal blow during the Fourth Crusade, when Constantinople was sacked and the Empire dissolved and divided into competing Byzantine Greek

This is a document about Romanos IV Diogenes
 the Empress Eudokia Makrembolitissa, he had: Romanos IV Diogenes Romanos IV Diogenes (, "Rōmanós IV Diogénēs"), also known as Romanus IV, was a member of the Byzantine military aristocracy who, after his marriage to the widowed empress Eudokia Makrembolitissa, was crowned Byzantine emperor and reigned from 1068 to 1071. During his reign he was determined to halt the decline of the Byzantine military and to stop Turkish incursions into the Byzantine Empire, but in 1071 he was captured and his army routed at the Battle of Manzikert. While still captive he was overthrown in a palace coup, and when released

This is a document about Romanos IV Diogenes
 Romanos IV Diogenes Romanos IV Diogenes (, "Rōmanós IV Diogénēs"), also known as Romanus IV, was a member of the Byzantine military aristocracy who, after his marriage to the widowed empress Eudokia Makrembolitissa, was crowned Byzantine emperor and reigned from 1068 to 1071. During his reign he was determined to halt the decline of the Byzantine military and to stop Turkish incursions into the Byzantine Empire, but in 1071 he was captured and his army routed at the Battle of Manzikert. While still captive he was overthrown in a palace coup, and when released he was quickly defeated and detained

This is a document about Greeks in Turkey
 the Byzantine Empire would be the centers of the Hellenic world, while mainland Greece experienced repeated barbarian invasions and went into decline. Following the Battle of Manzikert in 1071, the Seljuk Turks swept through all of Asia Minor. While the Byzantines would recover western and northern Anatolia in subsequent years, central Asia Minor was settled by Turkic peoples and never again came under Byzantine rule. The Byzantine Empire was unable to stem the Turkic advance, and by 1300 most of Asia Minor was ruled by Anatolian beyliks. Smyrna () fell in 1330, and Philadelphia (), fell in 1398. The last

This is a document about Decline of the Byzantine Empire
   The Byzantine Empire experienced several cycles of growth and decay over the course of nearly a thousand years, including major losses during the Arab conquests of the 7th century. However, modern historians generally agree that the start of the empire's final decline began in the 11th century. In the 11th century the empire experienced a major catastrophe in which most of its heartland territory in Anatolia was lost to the Seljuk Turks following the Battle of Manzikert and ensuing civil war. At the same time, the empire lost its last territory in Italy to the Norman Kingdom of Sicily and faced repeated attacks on its territory in the Balkans. These events created the context for emperor Alexios I Komnenos to call to the west for help, which

This is a document about Turkey
  The Byzantine era is usually dated from 330 AD, when Constantine the Great moved the Roman capital to Byzantium, which became Constantinople, until the fall of the Byzantine Empire in 1453. Its architecture dramatically influenced the later medieval architecture throughout Europe and the Near East, and became the primary progenitor of the Renaissance and Ottoman architectural traditions that followed its collapse. When the Roman Empire went Christian (as well as Eastwards) with its new capital at Constantinople, its architecture became more sensuous and more ambitious. This new style would come to be known as Byzantine with increasingly exotic domes and ever-richer mosaics, traveled west to Ravenna and

This is a document about History of the Byzantine Empire
  settle in Anatolia as a homeland. The final centuries of the Empire exhibited a general trend of decline. It struggled to recover during the 12th century, but was delivered a mortal blow during the Fourth Crusade, when Constantinople was sacked and the Empire dissolved and divided into competing Byzantine Greek and Latin realms. Despite the eventual recovery of Constantinople and re-establishment of the Empire in 1261, Byzantium remained only one of several small rival states in the area for the final two centuries of its existence. Its remaining territories were progressively annexed by the Ottomans over the 15th century. The Fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire in 1453 finally ended the Roman Empire.

This is a document about History of Europe
  of the empire in the time of Heraclius (c. 620) when Latin titles and usages were officially replaced with Greek versions. In any case, the changeover was gradual and by 330, when Constantine inaugurated his new capital, the process of hellenization and increasing Christianisation was already under way. The Empire is generally considered to have ended after the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Turks in 1453. The Plague of Justinian was a pandemic that afflicted the Byzantine Empire, including its capital Constantinople, in the years 541–542. It is estimated that the Plague of Justinian killed as many as 100 million people across the world. It caused Europe's population to drop by around 50% between 541 and 700. It also may have contributed to the success of the Muslim conquests.

This is a document about Constantine VIII
  from the aristocracy of Anatolia. These interactions with Constantine were not without risk; when challenged, or led to suspect conspiracies, the emperor responded with impulsive cruelty. Condemned members of the elite suffered torture or were sentenced to blinding. The start of the decline of the Byzantine Empire has been linked to Constantine's accession to the throne. His reign has been described as "an unmitigated disaster", "a break up of the system" and the cause of "a collapse of the military power of the Empire". He ruled for less than three years before his death, on 11 or 12 November 1028. On his deathbed and without a male heir, Constantine named as successor Constantine Dalessenos, Duke of Antioch, a

This is a document about Campaign history of the Roman military
   Many theories have been advanced in way of explanation for decline of the Roman Empire, and many dates given for its fall, from the onset of its decline in the 3rd century to the fall of Constantinople in 1453. Militarily, however, the Empire finally fell after first being overrun by various non-Roman peoples and then having its heart in Italy seized by Germanic troops in a revolt. The historicity and exact dates are uncertain, and some historians do not consider that the Empire fell at this point. The Empire became gradually less Romanised and increasingly Germanic in nature: although the Empire buckled under Visigothic assault, the overthrow

This is a document about Byzantine–Arab wars (780–1180)
  The military force of the Arab world had been in decline since the 9th century, illustrated by losses in Mesopotamia and Syria, and by the slow conquest of Sicily. While the Byzantines attained successes against the Arabs, a slow internal decay after 1025 a.d. was not arrested, precipitating a general decline of the Empire during the 11th century. (This instability and decline ultimately featured a sharp decline in central Imperial authority, succession crises and weak legitimacy; a willful disintegration of the Theme system by the Constantinopolitan bureaucrats in favour of foreign mercenaries to suppress the growing power of the Anatolian military aristocracy; a decline of the free land-owning

This is a document about Post-classical history
   As the postclassical era drew to a close in the 15th century, many of the empires established throughout the period were in decline. The Byzantine Empire would soon be overshadowed in the Mediterranean by Italian city states such as Venice and Genoa and the Ottoman Turks. The Byzantines faced repeated attacks from eastern and western powers during the Fourth Crusade, and declined further until the loss of Constantinople to the Ottoman Turks in 1453. The largest change came in terms of trade and technology. The global significance of the fall of the Byzantines was the disruption of overland routes between Asia and Europe. Traditional dominance of Nomadism in Eurasia

This is a document about Byzantine Empire under the Palaiologos dynasty
  The Byzantine Empire was ruled by the Palaiologos dynasty in the period between 1261 and 1453, from the restoration of Byzantine rule to Constantinople by the usurper Michael VIII Palaiologos following its recapture from the Latin Empire, founded after the Fourth Crusade (1204), up to the Fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire. Together with the preceding Nicaean Empire and the contemporary Frankokratia, this period is known as the late Byzantine Empire. From the start, the regime faced numerous problems. The Turks of Asia Minor had begun conducting raids and expanding into Byzantine territory in Asia Minor by 1263, just two years after the enthronment of the first Palaiologos emperor Michael VIII. Anatolia, which had formed the very heart of the shrinking

This is a document about List of Byzantine emperors
 colspan=4 | colspan=4 | This is a list of the Byzantine emperors from the foundation of Constantinople in 330 AD, which marks the conventional start of the Byzantine Empire (or the Eastern Roman Empire), to its fall to the Ottoman Empire in 1453 AD. Only the emperors who were recognized as legitimate rulers and exercised sovereign authority are included, to the exclusion of junior co-emperors (symbasileis) who never attained the status of sole or senior ruler, as well as of the various usurpers or rebels who claimed the imperial title. Traditionally, the line of Byzantine emperors is held to begin with the Roman Emperor Constantine the Great, the first Christian emperor, who rebuilt the city of Byzantium as

This is a document about Historiography of the fall of the Western Roman Empire
   The decline of the Roman Empire is one of the traditional markers of the end of Classical Antiquity and the beginning of the European Middle Ages. Throughout the 5th century, the Empire's territories in western Europe and northwestern Africa, including Italy, fell to various invading or indigenous peoples in what is sometimes called the Migration period. Although the eastern half still survived with borders essentially intact for several centuries (until the Muslim conquests), the Empire as a whole had initiated major cultural and political transformations since the Crisis of the Third Century, with the shift towards a more openly autocratic and

This is a document about Late antiquity
  decline in almost all Europe, and a reversion to more of a subsistence economy. Long-distance markets disappeared, and there was a reversion to a greater degree of local production and consumption, rather than webs of commerce and specialized production. Concurrently, the continuity of the Eastern Roman Empire at Constantinople meant that the turning-point for the Greek East came later, in the 7th century, as the Eastern Roman, or Byzantine Empire centered around the Balkans, North Africa (Egypt and Carthage), and Asia Minor. The degree and extent of discontinuity in the smaller cities of the Greek East is a moot subject among historians. The urban continuity of

This is a document about History of modern Greece
  The Byzantine Empire had ruled most of the Greek-speaking world since late Antiquity, but experienced a decline as a result of Muslim Arab and Seljuk Turkish invasions and was fatally weakened by the sacking of Constantinople by the Latin Crusaders in 1204. The establishment of Catholic Latin states on Greek soil, and the struggles of the Orthodox Byzantine Greeks against them, led to the emergence of a distinct Greek national identity. The Byzantine Empire was restored by the Palaiologos dynasty in 1261, but it was a shadow of its former self, and constant civil wars and foreign attacks in the 14th century brought about its terminal decline. As a result, most of Greece

This is a document about Ottoman claim to Roman succession
  The Eastern Roman, or Byzantine, Empire traced its origin as an institution to the foundation of Constantinople as the new capital of the Roman Empire in 330 by Constantine the Great. The Byzantine Empire survived the 5th century, when the Western Roman Empire fell, more or less intact and its populace continually maintained that they were Romaioi (Romans), not Hellenes (Greeks), even as the empire's borders gradually became reduced to in the end only encompassing Greek-speaking lands. By the 15th century, the Byzantine emperors ruled a disintegrating and dwindling empire. Over the course of the 14th century, the Ottoman Empire conquered vast swaths of territories and by the beginning of the 15th

The Byzantine Empire began to decline after the Battle of Manzikert in 1071, which marked the end of the Macedonian dynasty and the loss of much of Anatolia to the Seljuk Turks. This period is known as the Macedonian Renaissance and was followed by a long period of decline during which the empire was partitioned and lost control of its territory. The empire was captured by the Crusaders in 1204 and was later set back by the rise of the Ottoman Empire.


Question: when was the first apple i phone made

Answer: June 29 , 2007

This is a document about History of iPhone
 mobile phone to use iTunes. Jobs was unhappy with the ROKR, feeling that having to compromise with a non-Apple designer (Motorola) prevented Apple from designing the phone they wanted to make. In September 2006, Apple discontinued support for the ROKR, and released a version of iTunes that included references to an as-yet unknown mobile phone that could display pictures and video. On January 9, 2007, Steve Jobs announced iPhone at the Macworld convention, receiving substantial media attention. Jobs announced that the first iPhone would be released later that year. On June 29, 2007, the first iPhone was released. On June

This is a document about Apple Inc.
  At the Macworld Conference & Expo in January 2007, Steve Jobs introduced the long-anticipated iPhone, a convergence of an Internet-enabled smartphone and iPod. The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, for $499 (4 GB) and $599 (8 GB) with an AT&T contract. On February 5, 2008, it was updated to have 16 GB of storage, in addition to the 8 GB and 4 GB models. It combined a 2.5G quad band GSM and EDGE cellular phone with features found in handheld devices, running a scaled-down version of OS X (dubbed iPhone OS after the launch and later renamed to iOS), with

This is a document about History of mobile games
  Apple, Inc. had been an early player in the PDA market with the Apple Newton, but Steve Jobs had discontinued the line in 1998 to focus the company's hardware towards devices like the iMac and iPod. Under Jobs' direction, the same teams worked to develop the iPhone, which Apple first released in June 2007. Among key hardware features in the iPhone was a large random access memory (RAM) size compared to most other smartphones on the market as well as a larger screen, making it capable of running more complex apps, and a new operating system that could handle multitasking, far surpassing any other device on the market at the time. The iPhone also included various sensors such as

This is a document about IPhone (1st generation)
  The iPhone (also known as the iPhone 2G) is the first smartphone designed and marketed by Apple Inc. After years of rumors and speculation, it was officially announced in January 2007, and was released in the United States in June. Development of the iPhone as a product began in 2005 and continued in complete secrecy until its public unveiling. The device broke with prevailing mobile phone designs by eliminating most physical hardware buttons, and eschewing a stylus for its screen-based interface, instead featuring only a few physical buttons and a touch screen. It featured quad-band GSM cellular connectivity with GPRS and EDGE support for data transfer, and made use of continuous internet access and onboard processing to support features unrelated to voice communication. Its

This is a document about Steve Jobs
   Apple began work on the first iPhone in 2005 and the first iPhone was released on June 29, 2007. The iPhone created such a sensation that a survey indicated six out of ten Americans were aware of its release. Time declared it "Invention of the Year" for 2007 and included it in the All-TIME 100 Gadgets list in 2010, in the category of Communication. The completed iPhone had multimedia capabilities and functioned as a quad-band touch screen smartphone. A year later, the iPhone 3G was released in July 2008 with three key features: support for GPS, 3G data and tri-band UMTS/HSDPA. In June 2009, the iPhone 3GS, whose improvements included voice control, a better camera, and a faster processor, was introduced by Phil Schiller. The iPhone 4 was thinner than previous models, had a five megapixel camera capable of recording video in 720p HD, and added a secondary front-facing camera for video calls. A major feature of the iPhone 4S, introduced in October 2011, was Siri, a virtual assistant capable of voice recognition.

This is a document about IPhone (1st generation)
  into a mobile phone to compete with already established brands in the then emerging market for touch screen phones. The whole effort was called Project Purple 2 and began in 2005. Apple created the device during a secretive and unprecedented collaboration with Cingular Wireless, now part of AT&T. The development cost of the collaboration was estimated to have been $150 million over a thirty-month period. Apple rejected the "design by committee" approach that had yielded the Motorola ROKR E1, a largely unsuccessful collaboration with Motorola. Instead, Cingular Wireless gave Apple the liberty to develop the iPhone's hardware and software in-house. The original iPhone was introduced by Steve Jobs on January 9, 2007 in a keynote address at the Macworld Conference & Expo held in Moscone West in San

This is a document about Linksys iPhone
  The first iPhone was released in 1998 by InfoGear Technology Corporation. In 1997, prior to the release of iPhone, Infogear entered into a partnership with Cidco of Morgan Hill, California. The iPhone was an innovative internet appliance that featured a sliding keyboard and an LCD touchscreen that accessed an embedded web browser and an email client. It was one of the first wave of internet appliances, preceding the I-Opener, 3Com Audrey and a slew of similar devices from various manufacturers including Alcatel and Nortel. Reviewers praised it for offering a simple and "relatively inexpensive" way to access the Internet, but many criticized its size, lack of features, and

This is a document about AT&T Mobility
  On June 29, 2007, Apple's iPhone was introduced to the United States market, and AT&T was the exclusive carrier for the device within the United States until February 10, 2011, when the iPhone 4 was launched on the Verizon network. Teething problems with AT&T's billing process emerged soon after the iPhone's release, as early adopters started receiving exceptionally detailed monthly telephone bills with one of the most notable being the 300-page iPhone bill that was featured in an online video by Justine "iJustine" Ezarik. Apple launched the iPhone 3G with AT&T on July 11, 2008. Although specific AT&T sales numbers are unavailable, Apple announced that over 1 million iPhone 3G devices were sold during the first three days — in contrast, according to Steve Jobs, Apple's

This is a document about IPhone
  The iPhone is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc. that use Apple's iOS mobile operating system. The first-generation iPhone was announced by then-Apple CEO Steve Jobs on January 9, 2007. Since then, Apple has annually released new iPhone models and iOS updates. As of November 1, 2018, more than 2.2 billion iPhones had been sold. The iPhone has a user interface built around a multi-touch screen. It connects to cellular networks or Wi-Fi, and can make calls, browse the web, take pictures, play music and send and receive emails and text messages. Since the iPhone's launch further features have been added, including larger screen sizes, shooting video, waterproofing, the ability to install third-party mobile apps through an app store, and many accessibility features. Up to iPhone 8 and 8 Plus, iPhones used a layout

This is a document about History of the iPhone
   The history of the iPhone development by Apple Inc. spans from the early 2000s to about 2010. The first iPhone was released in 2007. By the end of 2009, iPhone models had been released in all major markets.

This is a document about Tying (commerce)
  The tying of Apple products is an example of commercial tying that has caused recent controversy. When Apple initially released the iPhone on June 29, 2007, it was sold exclusively with AT&T (formerly Cingular) contracts in the United States. To enforce this exclusivity, Apple employed a type of software lock that ensured the phone would not work on any network besides AT&T's. Related to the concept of bricking, any user who tried to unlock or otherwise tamper with the locking software ran the risk of rendering their iPhone permanently inoperable. This caused complaints among many consumers, as they were forced to pay an additional early termination fee of $175 if they wanted to unlock the device safely

This is a document about Timeline of United States inventions (after 1991)
  co-invented in 2007 by Chinese-American Dr. Yi Cui, an assistant professor of materials science and engineering along with his colleagues at Stanford University. The iPhone is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc. All generations of the iPhone use Apple's iOS mobile operating system software. The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, and multiple new hardware iterations with new iOS releases have been released since. In 2007, Amazon released the original Amazon Kindle e-book reader. While not the first of its kind, the Kindle led the charge to popularizing e-books and e-readers. A bionic contact lens is a

This is a document about IPhone naming
  The iPhone is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc. that use Apple's iOS mobile operating system. The first-generation iPhone was announced by former Apple CEO Steve Jobs on January 9, 2007. Since then, Apple has annually released new iPhone models and iOS updates. iPhone naming has followed various patterns throughout its history.

This is a document about Apple silicon
  Apple first used SoCs in early versions of the iPhone and iPod touch. They combine in one package a single ARM-based processing core (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), and other electronics necessary for mobile computing. The APL0098 (also 8900B or S5L8900) is a package on package (PoP) system on a chip (SoC) that was introduced on June 29, 2007, at the launch of the original iPhone. It includes a 412 MHz single-core ARM11 CPU and a PowerVR MBX Lite GPU. It was manufactured by Samsung on a 90 nm process. The iPhone 3G and the first-generation iPod touch also use it. The APL0278 (also S5L8720) is a PoP SoC

This is a document about IPhone
  Development of what was to become the iPhone began in 2004, when Apple started to gather a team of 1,000 employees led by hardware engineer Tony Fadell, software engineer Scott Forstall and design engineer Sir Jonathan Ive to work on the highly confidential "Project Purple." Apple CEO Steve Jobs steered the original focus away from a tablet (which Apple eventually revisited in the form of the iPad) towards a phone. Apple created the device during a secretive collaboration with Cingular Wireless (which became AT&T Mobility) at the time—at an estimated development cost of US$150 million over thirty months. According to Steve Jobs, the

This is a document about Apple Inc.
  had made a $150 million investment in non-voting Apple stock. On November 10, 1997, Apple introduced the Apple Store website, which was tied to a new build-to-order manufacturing strategy. On August 15, 1998, Apple introduced a new all-in-one computer reminiscent of the Macintosh 128K: the iMac. The iMac design team was led by Ive, who would later design the iPod and the iPhone. The iMac featured modern technology and a unique design, and sold almost 800,000 units in its first five months. Around 1998 Apple completed numerous acquisitions to create a portfolio of digital production software for both professionals and consumers. Of

This is a document about History of the iPhone
  On January 9, 2007, Steve Jobs announced the first iPhone at the Macworld convention, receiving substantial media attention. Jobs announced that the first iPhone would be released later that year. On June 29, 2007, the first iPhone was released. On June 11, 2007, Apple announced at the Apple's Worldwide Developers Conference that the iPhone would support third party applications using the Safari engine. Third parties would be able to create Web 2.0 applications, which users could access via the Internet. Such applications appeared even before the release of the iPhone; the first of these, called OneTrip, was a program meant to keep track of users' shopping lists.

This is a document about History of Apple Inc.
  The first version of the iPhone became publicly available on June 29, 2007, in selected countries/markets. It was another 12 months before the iPhone 3G became available on July 11, 2008. Apple announced the iPhone 3GS on June 8, 2009, along with plans to release it later in June, July, and August, starting with the U.S., Canada, and major European countries on June 19. This 12-month iteration cycle has continued with the iPhone 4 model arriving in similar fashion in 2010, a Verizon model was released in February 2011, and a Sprint model in October 2011, shortly after Jobs' death. On February 10, 2011, the iPhone 4 was made available on both Verizon Wireless and AT&T. Now two iPod types are multi-touch: the iPod nano

The first Apple iPhone was made and released on June 29, 2007.


Question: who is opening for shania twain in ottawa

Answer: Bastian Baker

This is a document about Now Tour (Shania Twain)
 and Auckland. The tour opened to positive critical reception. Fish Griwkowsky of the "Edmonton Journal" called the tour Twain's best, while Matt Olsen of the "StarPhoenix" complimented the show saying it was "filled with extravagance and punctuated with genuine emotion". On April 11, 2018, Swiss singer Bastian Baker confirmed he would be the opening act for all of the tour's 77 dates. Baker previously opened for Twain on the final two dates of her 2015 Rock This Country Tour. The Shires will join Twain and Baker for the UK and Ireland dates. This set list is representative of the show

This is a document about 150th anniversary of Canada
  Canada's capital of Ottawa is home to a vast number of events during the sesquicentennial under the banner "Ottawa 2017". The 2017 Juno Awards, took place March 27 – April 2 at the Canadian Tire Centre in the city's west end. The awards were hosted by Bryan Adams and Russell Peters, who replaced singer Michael Bublé, who had to drop out because his son had cancer. During the summer, an interactive area promoting Canada called Inspiration Village was created in the Byward Market. Talks from inspirational speakers and other performances were held in an amphitheatre, and workshops and exhibits were

This is a document about MacKenzie Porter
  Shania Twain. She then opened for Dallas Smith and Dean Brody on their co-headlining cross-Canada Friends Don't Let Friends Tour Alone Tour. In February 2020, Porter released "Seeing Other People" which would become her third consecutive Number One, making her the first woman (Canadian or American) to land three consecutive Number Ones on Canadian country radio since Twain. Porter's EP Drinkin' Songs: The Collection was released in November 2020. The EP was her debut American release and included her three chart-toppers in addition to her Top 5 hit "Drinkin' Songs". It received a nomination for Country Album of the Year at the 2021 Juno Awards. In March 2021, she featured on the Dustin Lynch single "Thinking 'Bout You".

This is a document about List of people from Ontario
  Ottawa ; J.D. Fortune – Mississauga ; Nelly Furtado – Forest Hill, Toronto ; Glenn Gould – Toronto ; Dallas Green – St. Catharines ; Hail the Villain – Oshawa ; Sarah Harmer – Burlington ; illScarlett – Mississauga ; Kardinal Offishall – Scarborough/Toronto ; Vikas Kohli – Mississauga ; James LaBrie – Penetanguishene ; Henry Lau – Toronto ; Avril Lavigne – Napanee ; Gordon Lightfoot – Orillia ; Lights – Timmins ; Little X – Toronto ; Guy Lombardo – London ; Brian Melo – Hamilton ; Shawn Mendes – Pickering ; Alice Merton – Oakville ; Metric – Toronto ; Kim Mitchell – Sarnia ; Alanis Morissette – Ottawa ; My Darkest Days – Toronto ; The Partland Brothers – Colgan ; Our

This is a document about Shania Twain
  Eilleen "Shania" Twain (, ; born Eilleen Regina Edwards; August 28, 1965) is a Canadian singer and songwriter. She has sold over 100 million records, making her the best-selling female artist in country music history and one of the best-selling music artists of all time. Her success garnered her several honorific titles including the "Queen of Country Pop". Billboard named her as the leader of the '90s country-pop crossover stars. Raised in Timmins, Ontario, Twain pursued singing and songwriting from a young age before signing with Mercury Nashville Records in the early 1990s. Her self-titled debut studio album was a commercial failure

This is a document about CN Centre
  The CN Centre is a 5,971-seat multi-purpose arena, in Prince George, British Columbia, Canada. It was designed by PBK Architects, opened in 1995 and is owned by the City of Prince George. There are 14 luxury suites. In 2005, Canadian National Railway purchased the naming rights to the building (initially known as the Multiplex). The CN Centre is northern British Columbia's premier sports and entertainment venue, and has hosted many internationally renowned acts and entertainment. Such performers have included: KISS, Avril Lavigne, Elton John, the Blue Man Group, Mötley Crüe, Nickelback, ZZ Top, Sarah McLachlan, Willie Nelson, Jason Aldean, Shania Twain, Bonnie Raitt, and Brooks and Dunn. Besides concerts, the CN Centre has hosted: Cirque du Soleil, David Copperfield, Ringling Brothers & Barnum

This is a document about Wesley Clover Parks
 The inaugural Ottawa International Horse Show was June 17–21, 2015. The largest class was the Brookstreet Grand Prix on June 20, 2015 where Ian Millar, Beth Underhill, Ainsley Vince, and Amy Millar competed. Elizabeth Bates won the Grand Prix.  Beth Underhill won the $100,000 CSI2 Classic on July 24, 2016. ; The inaugural Ottawa National Horse Show was July 13–17, 2016. Ian Millar won the $50,000 Brookstreet Grand Prix on July 16, 2016. ; A George Morris Riding Clinic took place October 9, 2015 to October 11, 2015. ; Shania Twain performed on June 27, 2015 as part of her Rock This Country Tour featuring The Doobie Brothers, Dan + Shay, and Wesley MacInnes. It was her only outdoor performance in North America on the tour and first show in Ottawa in a decade.  24,000 people attended the concert. ; The Ottawa Fall Horse Trials took place on September 25, 2016.

This is a document about List of people from Ontario
 Lee Aaron – Belleville ; Annihilator (band) – Ottawa ; Bryan Adams – Kingston ; Alexisonfire – St. Catharines ; Paul Anka – Ottawa ; Eva Avila – Ottawa ; Barenaked Ladies – Scarborough ; Justin Bieber – Stratford ; Billy Talent – Mississauga ; Jully Black – Toronto ; Blue Rodeo – Toronto ; Broken Social Scene – Toronto ; Cancer Bats – Toronto ; Candi & The Backbeat – North York ; Alessia Cara – Mississauga ; Keshia Chanté – Ottawa ; Bruce Cockburn – Ottawa ; Deborah Cox – Toronto ; deadmau5 – Niagara Falls; real name Joel Thomas Zimmerman ; Hugh Dillon – Kingston ; Fefe Dobson – Scarborough ; Drake – Toronto ; Finger Eleven – Burlington ; Five Man Electrical Band

This is a document about Shania Twain
  on the Countdown to the CMA Awards. In the interview, Twain said that a new album was coming, but she said that she was still in the process of finding the right producer. Outside of her show at Caesars Palace, Twain performed two concerts at the Calgary Stampede in Calgary, Alberta, on July 9 and 10, 2014. In a series of interviews leading up to her Calgary Stampede shows, Twain said she hoped to tour in 2015 and that it would lead to the release of a new album. Alongside her Calgary Stampede shows, Twain also headlined a show on Labour Day weekend at Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada. On March 4, 2015, Twain announced on Good

This is a document about Juno Awards of 2003
  The Juno Awards of 2003 were presented in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada on 6 April 2003. The primary awards ceremony was hosted that evening by Shania Twain at the Corel Centre (now Canadian Tire Centre) and televised on CTV.

This is a document about Can't Say I Ain't Country Tour
  The tour was officially announced via the duo's official Twitter account. The duo stated "Y’all knew it was comin! #CantSayIAintCountry Tour kickin’ off this summer baby! AND we’re bringing our buddies @DanAndShay @MorganCWallen @canaansmith and @HardyMusic out with us! Join our mailing list - don't miss out on pre-sales & on-sale announces" Within the tweet, the duo announced the opening acts for the tour would be Dan + Shay, Morgan Wallen and for certain dates Canaan Smith and Hardy would perform. In August, it was announced that Dylan Schneider would join the tour for select dates as well. The duo is composed of Tyler Hubbard and Brian Kelley.

This is a document about Tom Cochrane
  Canadian Music Hall of Fame induction: Cochrane was inducted into the Canadian Music Hall of Fame in 2003 for outstanding contribution to the greater recognition of Canadian music. The ceremony took place April 5, 2003, at Casino du Lac-Leamy in Gatineau, Quebec. The following night, Cochrane was honoured for his induction in a speech by Jeff Healey at the Juno Awards at the Corel Centre (now Canadian Tire Centre in Ottawa). Cochrane closed the show by performing a medley of his hits and was joined onstage by host Shania Twain for the final song, "Life Is a Highway". Order of Canada: In April 2008, Cochrane received one of the highest honours for a

This is a document about List of Edgefest lineups
 3 Doors Down ; Bif Naked ; Big Wreck ; Billy Talent ; Blurtonia ; Beach of Trust ; By Divine Right ; DJ Serious ; Finger Eleven ; Flybanger ; Gob ; Joydrop ; LiveonRelease ; Mudmen ; Project Wyze ; Puddy ; Rocket Science ; Rubberman ; Sevendust ; Smoother ; Staggered Crossing ; Static in Stereo ; The Black Halos ; The Dears ; The Tea Party ; Tool ; Tuuli Blink-182 ; New Found Glory ; Sum 41 ; Jimmy Eat World ; Good Charlotte ; Millencolin ; Project Wyze ; Simple Plan ; Shocore ; Flu (Calgary) ; Crushing Jane (Edmonton) Dates: July 1 (Barrie), August 18 (Vancouver), August 21 (Calgary), August 22 (Edmonton), August 25 (Toronto), August 26 (Ottawa), August 28 (Quebec City), August 29 (Montreal). Barrie: August Tour:

This is a document about Now Tour (Shania Twain)
  The Now Tour was the fourth headlining concert tour by Canadian recording artist Shania Twain, in support of her fifth studio album Now (2017). The tour began on May 3, 2018, in Tacoma, and was initially scheduled to conclude in Las Vegas on August 4, 2018 but was later extended to conclude in Dunedin on December 22, 2018. The tour marks Twain's first since 2015's Rock This Country Tour, which, at the time, Twain announced would be her final run out on the road.

This is a document about Come On Over Tour
  her own equipment and the minimal wages she received during that time. However, she states she was very young and saw it as an opportunity to have fun. To help promote the tour, Twain held radio contests in the markets where she would perform. The winner would appear on stage with Twain to perform her first single, "What Made You Say That", with the band, while Twain performed the backing vocals. On March 18, 1999, at the Corel Centre in Ottawa, 14 year old Avril Lavigne performed on stage with Twain and was later signed to Arista Records the following year.

This is a document about All the Women I Am Tour
 Victoria Banks (Canada) ; The JaneDear Girls (Bangor) ; Shana Stack Band (Gilford) ; The Band Perry (United States) ; Edens Edge (United States) (select dates) ; Steel Magnolia (United States) (select dates)

This is a document about Jully Black
 2012: Canada AM (Duet with Donny Parenteau, Alright With Me) ; 2012: The Marilyn Denis Show (Fugitive) ; 2012: CBC's Canada Day Celebration (O Canada/Seven Days Fool) ; 2010: CTV's "Juno Awards", Presenter/Performer ; 2010: CTV's Winter Olympics Opening Ceremonies ; 2004: CBC's NHL Awards ; 2004: CBC's Tonya Lee Williams Gospel Jubilee ; 2004: Show Time/Soul Food Productions Presents "We Plan" Episode #064. Role, Jully Black ; 2004: MuchMusic Presents "Behind the Threads" an up-close look at the women of the Garment industry. Jully Black travels to Dhaka, Bangladesh to cover the story ; 2003: Toronto 1 Live Performance ; 2003: MTV's "Break Out" ; 2003: CTV's "Juno Award Presentation". Presented Shania Twain the "Artist of the Year" Award ; 2001: Citytv's New Years Celebration ; 2001: MuchMusic's "9/11" Music Tribute and Fund Raiser ; 2001: MuchMusic's "Da Mix" Final Episode ; 2001: CBC's "Juno Award Presentation" ; 2000: MuchMusic's "Da Mix" Tenth Year Anniversary Special ; 1999: MuchMusic's "Da Mix" Black History Celebration ; 1998: Citytv's "Electric Circus" ; 1997: Citytv's "Breakfast Television"

This is a document about Hedley (band)
  by their management team effective immediately; supporting acts Shawn Hook and Neon Dreams quit from the band's Cageless Tour (on which the band remained as the only headliners). Several radio stations and media organizations (including Bell Media Radio, Corus Radio and CBC Music) removed and suspended all of their music due to these allegations. On February 25, 2018, an Ottawa woman accused lead singer Jacob Hoggard of sexual assault after the pair met on Tinder and went to a hotel to have sex in November 2016. Attorneys for Hoggard denied the allegations in a statement sent to CBC News on his behalf. On March 16, 2018, the Toronto Police Service Sex Crimes Unit confirmed that it has opened an investigation into Hoggard. On July 23, 2018, Hoggard was charged with one count of Sexual Interference and two counts of Sexual Assault Causing Bodily Harm.

This is a document about Massey Hall
  at the venue on March 21, 2018, as part of their Decades: World Tour. In conjunction with their first-ever performance at the venue, folk-rock band Whitehorse released the 2013 EP The Road to Massey Hall, comprising covers of songs by other musicians who had played the hall in the past. For their first concert in Toronto, K-pop group Seventeen performed at Massey Hall on August 25, 2017. For the Juno Awards of 2021, which was performed from a variety of venues across Canada, the surviving members of The Tragically Hip performed their 2002 single "It's a Good Life If You Don't Weaken" with Feist on lead vocals, which marked the band's first televised performance since Gord Downie's death.

The Bastille and The Shires are opening for Shania Twain in Ottawa.


Question: who plays aang in avatar the last airbender movie

Answer: Noah Ringer

This is a document about The Last Airbender
 sequel. The Last Airbender The Last Airbender is a 2010 American action fantasy adventure film written, co-produced and directed by M. Night Shyamalan. Based on of the Nickelodeon animated television series "", the film stars Noah Ringer as Aang, with Dev Patel as Prince Zuko, Nicola Peltz as and Jackson Rathbone as Sokka. Development for the film began in 2007. It was produced by Nickelodeon Movies and distributed by Paramount Pictures. Premiering in New York City on June 30, 2010, it opened the following day in the rest of the US grossing an estimated $16 million. The film was universally

This is a document about Aang
 show, appears repeatedly. In 2010, director M. Night Shyamalan cast 12-year-old Tae Kwon Do practitioner Noah Ringer as Aang in the film adaptation of the series, "The Last Airbender". The casting of a presumed white actor in the role of Aang (as well as a primarily Caucasian cast) in the Asian-influenced "Avatar" universe triggered negative reactions from some fans, marked by accusations of racism, a letter-writing campaign, and a protest outside of a Philadelphia casting call for movie extras. A counter-movement was spawned in response by other fans who believed the casting was appropriate. The casting decisions were also negatively

This is a document about Avatar: The Last Airbender
 Shyamalan's directing; it had a six-percent approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes and received five Razzies at the 31st Golden Raspberry Awards, including Worst Picture. Although the film originally shared the title of the television series, the title "The Last Airbender" was used because producers feared it would be confused with James Cameron's film "Avatar". "The Last Airbender" stars Noah Ringer as Aang, Nicola Peltz as Katara, Jackson Rathbone as Sokka, Dev Patel as Zuko, and Shaun Toub as Iroh. "The Legend of Korra", a sequel series to "Avatar: The Last Airbender", premiered on Nickelodeon on April 14, 2012. It was

This is a document about The Last Airbender
 and that he could execute it," adding that "It's a bold step because he had to create a potential new franchise." The studio was willing to spend $250 million in a trilogy of films, one for each season. "The Last Airbender"'s budget wound up being $150 million, with later over $130 million being spent on marketing costs, making it Shyamalan's most expensive film. During production, the name "Avatar" was removed from the title to avoid confusion with the highly-successful 2009 film "Avatar". Shyamalan originally offered the roles of Aang to Noah Ringer; Sokka to Jackson Rathbone; to Nicola Peltz; and

This is a document about Aang
  Tokyopop has published a films comic (sometimes referred to as cine-manga), in which Aang, being the main character of the show, appears repeatedly. In 2010, director M. Night Shyamalan cast 12-year-old Tae Kwon Do practitioner Noah Ringer as Aang in the film adaptation of the series, The Last Airbender. His name in the film is pronounced [ɑŋ] instead of [eəŋ]. The casting of a presumed white actor in the role of Aang (as well as a primarily Caucasian cast) in the Asian-influenced Avatar universe triggered negative reactions from some fans, marked by accusations of racism, a letter-writing campaign, and a protest outside of a Philadelphia casting call for movie extras. A counter-movement was spawned in response by other fans who believed the casting was appropriate. The casting decisions were also negatively received by several critics, who stated that the original casting call expressed a preference for Caucasian actors over others. Noah Ringer later identified himself to Entertainment Weekly as an American Indian.

This is a document about The Last Airbender (2010 film)
  The Last Airbender is a 2010 American action-adventure fantasy film written, co-produced and directed by M. Night Shyamalan. Based on the first season of the Nickelodeon animated television series Avatar: The Last Airbender, the film stars Noah Ringer as Aang, with Dev Patel as Prince Zuko, Nicola Peltz as Katara, and Jackson Rathbone as Sokka. Development for the film began in 2007. It was produced by Nickelodeon Movies and distributed by Paramount Pictures. Premiering in New York City on June 30, 2010, it opened the following day in the rest of the United States, grossing an estimated $16 million that day. Whereas the animated series received widespread acclaim, the film was universally panned by critics,

This is a document about Noah Ringer
  inviting any interested students to audition for the role of Aang in The Last Airbender. Pechacek urged Ringer to try out for the part. For the audition video, Ringer dressed in Aang's attire, using his Halloween costume from the previous year. He performed an XMA Jahng Bong routine and recited a few lines. A month after sending in the video, Ringer was called to Philadelphia to meet with director M. Night Shyamalan. A month after that, he was offered the part. Ringer had one month to prepare for the film. He did an intense study with director Linda Seto at the Dallas Young Actors Studio, where he still attends classes today. He also began training in different types of

This is a document about Gordon Cormier
  Gordon Kyle Diez Cormier (born c. 2009/2010) is a Canadian actor. He played Joe in The Stand (2020) and will portray Aang in the upcoming Netflix live-action Avatar: The Last Airbender series.

This is a document about Aang
  Avatar Aang is a title character and the protagonist of Nickelodeon's animated television series Avatar: The Last Airbender (created by Michael Dante DiMartino and Bryan Konietzko), voiced by Zach Tyler Eisen. Aang is the last surviving Airbender, a monk of the Air Nomads' Southern Air Temple. He is an incarnation of the "Avatar", the spirit of light and peace manifested in human form. As the Avatar, Aang controls all four elements (water, earth, fire, and air) and is tasked with bringing balance and keeping the Four Nations at peace. At 112 years old (physically 12), Aang is the series' reluctant hero, spending a century in suspended animation in an iceberg before being discovered and joining new friends Katara and Sokka on a quest to master the elements and save their world from the imperialist Fire Nation. Aang's character has appeared in other media, such as trading cards, video games,  T-shirts, and web comics. Aang has also been portrayed by Noah Ringer in the live-action film The Last Airbender (2010), and voiced by D.B. Sweeney in the sequel series The Legend of Korra. Gordon Cormier will portray Aang in the upcoming Netflix live-action adaptation of the same name.

This is a document about List of Avatar: The Last Airbender characters
  M. Night Shyamalan originally offered the roles of Aang to Noah Ringer; Sokka to Jackson Rathbone; Katara to Nicola Peltz; and Zuko to Jesse McCartney. In selecting Nicola Peltz, Shyamalan commented that he did not want to make The Last Airbender without her, saying that "I said that only once before in my career, and that was when I met Haley in The Sixth Sense auditions." In February 2009, Dev Patel replaced McCartney, whose tour dates conflicted with a boot camp scheduled for the cast to train in martial arts. The casting of all-white actors for main protagonist roles in the live-action, Asian-influenced film triggered a negative

This is a document about List of Avatar: The Last Airbender characters
  which is Japanese for "peach". Avatar Aang (voiced by Mitchel Musso in the unaired pilot, voiced by Zach Tyler Eisen in Avatar: The Last Airbender, voiced by D. B. Sweeney in Books One and Two of The Legend of Korra, portrayed by Noah Ringer in The Last Airbender, and portrayed by Gordon Cormier in the upcoming Netflix adaptation ) is the protagonist of the original series and the current Avatar, a cyclically reincarnating being who maintains world balance. Aang often acts in a fun-loving, carefree manner. His pacifism and vegetarianism are primary traits of Buddhism. The creators intended Aang to

This is a document about The Last Airbender (2010 film)
  Shyamalan originally offered the roles of Aang to Noah Ringer; Sokka to Jackson Rathbone; Katara to Nicola Peltz; and Zuko to Jesse McCartney. In an interview with People, Shyamalan claimed that he did not want to make The Last Airbender without Nicola Peltz, "I said that only once before in my career, and that was when I met Haley in The Sixth Sense auditions." In February 2009, Dev Patel replaced Jesse McCartney, whose tour dates conflicted with a boot camp scheduled for the cast to train in martial arts. However, McCartney has since claimed that he had been replaced by the producers for political reasons shortly before

This is a document about Noah Ringer
  Noah Andrew Ringer (born November 18, 1996) is an American former actor. He starred as Aang in the 2010 film The Last Airbender and played Emmett in Cowboys & Aliens.

This is a document about Manzō Wowari
 Avatar: The Last Airbender (Iroh) ; The Batman (Hugo Strange)

This is a document about Gordon Cormier
  Cormier is of Filipino descent. He grew up in Vancouver, British Columbia and became interested in acting. He has starred in a Canadian cartoon series. His debut role was in Get Shorty (2017), where he played Guatemalan Urchin. He also appeared in Lost in Space (2018). His role in The Stand (2020) as Joe, a young boy who becomes the ward of Nadine Cross, brought him to mainstream attention. In August 2021, he was cast as the titular character Aang in Avatar: The Last Airbender, a Netflix live-action remake of the animated series of the same name.

This is a document about Avatar: The Last Airbender (franchise)
  In September 2018, Netflix announced a live-action series remake of The Last Airbender. Although originally set to be showrunners, the original show creators, Michael Dante DiMartino and Bryan Konietzko, later departed due to creative differences and were replaced by Albert Kim in 2021. The show began casting calls in the summer of 2021 for the roles of Sokka, Aang, Katara and Zuko. Filming began in November 2021 and is expected to last until May 2022 in Vancouver, Canada. In August 2021 following leaked casting reports, Netflix revealed the show's cast for the main four characters: Gordon Cormier, Kiawentiio Tarbell, Ian Ousley and Dallas Liu as Aang, Katara, Sokka and Zuko respectively. Daniel Dae Kim was announced as an additional cast member, playing Ozai, in November 2021. Additional cast members, including Paul Sun-Hyung Lee as Uncle Iroh, Lim Kay Siu as Monk Gyatso, and Ken Leung as Admiral Zhao, were added on November 16, 2021, in addition to the announcement that filming had begun.

This is a document about Avatar: The Last Airbender
  The series' first season was the basis of the 2010 live-action film The Last Airbender, which was written and directed by M. Night Shyamalan. It was intended as the first of a trilogy of films, each of which would be based upon one of the three television seasons. The film was universally panned for its writing, acting, whitewashed cast, and Shyamalan's direction; it earned a 5% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes as well as five Razzies at the 31st Golden Raspberry Awards, including Worst Picture, and some critics described it as one of the worst films ever made. Although the film originally shared the title of the television series, the title The Last Airbender was used because producers feared it would be confused with James Cameron's film Avatar. The Last Airbender stars Noah Ringer as Aang, Nicola Peltz as Katara, Jackson Rathbone as Sokka, Dev Patel as Zuko, and Shaun Toub as Iroh.

This is a document about Iroh
  Shaun Toub plays Iroh in the feature film The Last Airbender. This version of the character is not as comedic as his cartoon counterpart, but retains his role as mentor to Zuko. Unlike other Firebenders in the movie, who require a source of fire to bend, Iroh can generate fire merely by using his chi. Iroh will also be portrayed by Paul Sun-Hyung Lee in the upcoming live-action remake of Avatar: The Last Airbender produced by Netflix. He also appears in the video game Avatar: The Last Airbender – The Burning Earth, as a character in both the main story, and in multiplayer mode. In the video game The Legend of Korra, he acts as the shopkeeper at the in-game Spirit Shop.

This is a document about Avatar: The Last Airbender (season 3)
  Book Three: Fire is the third and final season of Avatar: The Last Airbender, an American animated television series created by Michael Dante DiMartino and Bryan Konietzko. The series stars Zach Tyler Eisen, Mae Whitman, Jack DeSena, Jessie Flower, Dante Basco, Dee Bradley Baker, Greg Baldwin, Grey DeLisle, and Mark Hamill as the main character voices. The final season focuses once again on Avatar Aang, now seeking to learn Firebending, and his friends Katara, Sokka, and Toph, who must defeat the tyrannical Fire Lord Ozai before the arrival of Sozin's Comet. Concurrently, it also follows the story of Prince Zuko, who is finally welcomed back into the Fire Nation after betraying his uncle Iroh and helping his sister Azula conquer Ba Sing Se

This is a document about The Legend of Korra
  both are in a relationship in comics. Book One: Air features two main adversaries for Korra: the Equalists' masked leader Amon (Steve Blum) who has the power to remove a person's bending-powers, and the ambitious, charismatic politician Tarrlok (Dee Bradley Baker), who resorts to increasingly repressive methods against the Equalists. Tenzin's parents Katara (Eva Marie Saint), and Avatar Aang (D. B. Sweeney), main characters of the Avatar: The Last Airbender series, also made recurring appearances, along Chris Hardwick and Kate Higgins voiced Sokka and Toph Beifong, also made guest appearances. Amon's lieutenant is voiced by Lance Henriksen, and Asami's father Hiroshi Sato by Daniel Dae Kim. Sato's

Noah Ringer plays Aang in "The Last Airbender" movie.


Question: where did the british army fight in ww1

Answer: China

This is a document about British Army during World War I
 reinforcement of existing formations with conscripts after the introduction of compulsory service in January 1916. By the end of 1918, the British Army had reached its maximum strength of 3,820,000 men and could field over 70 divisions. The vast majority of the British Army fought in the main theatre of war on the Western Front in France and Belgium against the German Empire. Some units were engaged in Italy and Salonika against Austria-Hungary and the Bulgarian Army, while other units fought in the Middle East, Africa and Mesopotamia—mainly against the Ottoman Empire—and one battalion fought alongside the Japanese Army in

This is a document about Anne Dawson (secret agent)
 Anne Dawson (secret agent) Anne Dawson MBE (29 October 1896 - 8 October 1989) was a British spy in occupied Belgium in WW1. She worked for GHQ Army in its Wallinger London unit in 1917-18, reporting to (Sir) Ivone Kirkpatrick who was based in Rotterdam. Anne Dawson was one of only two known British female agents operating behind German lines in Flanders, the other being Edith Cavell who had been a long time resident of Belgium prior to WW1. Anne Dawson was born in Camberwell County, London on 29 October 1896. Her birth certificate shows her (Dutch) given names to

This is a document about Theodore Dalrymple
 in Germany. She came to England as a refugee from the Nazi regime. His grandfather had served as a Major in the German Army during WW1. His work as a doctor took him to Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe), Tanzania, South Africa, and the Gilbert Islands (now Kiribati). He returned to the United Kingdom in 1990, where he worked in London and Birmingham. In 1991, he made an extended appearance on British television under the name Theodore Dalrymple. On 23 February, he took part in an "After Dark" discussion called "Prisons: No Way Out" alongside former gangster Tony Lambrianou, Taki Theodoracopulos,

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 spite of the raid's failure, the resulting publicity surrounding Boyce's trial brought considerable recruits and funding for the organisation. Forty years following his release, Boyce's prison diaries were published as "The Insider: The Belfast Prison Diaries of Eamonn Boyce, 1956–1962" detailing daily life inside the infamous prison during the Border Campaign. Born in Dublin in 1925, Eamonn Boyce was working as a CIÉ Bus Conductor when he was first recruited by the Irish Republican Army in 1953. His father had fought in the British Army in France during WW1, however he was heavily influenced by his mother's & uncles' backgrounds,

This is a document about British Colonial Auxiliary Forces
 a Military Units united in 1911 but with no East West communication. Before WW1 they spent the time fighting slavers in the NE and maintaining the security of the frontiers against German, Belgium & Portuguese encroachment and keeping order as the railways developed. Out the outbreak of WW1 and WW2 they divided into police and militia units serving in WW1 in Namibia & in the East Africa Campaign, as the campaign wore on & on they became like regular units, in 1917 the 5 NRP & 2 BASP companies (from S. Rhodesia) became Northern Rhodesia Police Service Battalion. Other regular

This is a document about Michael Moohan
 Michael Moohan Michael Moohan (27 April 1899 – 7 February 1967) was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party. Moohan was born in Garrison, County Fermanagh, Ireland, in 1899, he was brought up in Manchester, England, and served in WW1 in France and then in the Army of Occupation, the Army of the Rhine. Returned to England where the land 'fit for heroes' didn't emerge and emmigrated to New Zealand in 1922 , where he joined the Labour Party. . In 1923 he married Cecilia Hayman; they had one son and four daughters. After arriving in New Zealand Moohan

This is a document about Charles Townshend (British Army officer)
 towards Europe, warning that Germany was out to dominate the world and was Britain prepared to take a stand or not? Townshend wrote in his diary: General Foch asked me if I knew how many army corps the Germans will put into line...Did England contemplate the annexation of Belgium and the sea-board with equanimity? It was a case where England, France and Belgium must fight together for existence. He said, “we do not want to conquer: we want to live and it is time everyone understood this”. Townshend's habit of ceaselessly lobbying his superiors for a promotion and his frequent

This is a document about Anne Dawson (secret agent)
 and Middle English. Indefatigable and fiercely proud, with her full mental capacities and never accepting her advancing age, she died on 9 October 1989, three weeks short of her 93rd birthday. Anne Dawson (secret agent) Anne Dawson MBE (29 October 1896 - 8 October 1989) was a British spy in occupied Belgium in WW1. She worked for GHQ Army in its Wallinger London unit in 1917-18, reporting to (Sir) Ivone Kirkpatrick who was based in Rotterdam. Anne Dawson was one of only two known British female agents operating behind German lines in Flanders, the other being Edith Cavell who had

This is a document about Michael Moohan
 North. The train reflected Moohan’s idea of a fast and comfortable intercity service later seen in the Silver Star and Silver Fern. Moohan died on 7 February 1967, and was buried at Taitā Lawn Cemetery. Michael Moohan Michael Moohan (27 April 1899 – 7 February 1967) was a New Zealand politician of the Labour Party. Moohan was born in Garrison, County Fermanagh, Ireland, in 1899, he was brought up in Manchester, England, and served in WW1 in France and then in the Army of Occupation, the Army of the Rhine. Returned to England where the land 'fit for heroes' didn't

This is a document about Archaeological looting in Iraq
 of WW1, British-occupied Mesopotamia had created protections for archeological sites where looting was beginning to become a problem. They established an absolute prohibition on exporting antiquities. The British Museum was responsible for the sites and museums across Iraq during this time period. Gertrude Bell, well known for drawing the Iraq borders, excavated many sites around Iraq and created what is now the National Museum of Iraq. By the mid 1920s the black market for antiquities was growing and looting began in all sites where antiquities could be found. After Iraq was independent of Britain the absolute ban on antiquity exports

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 first Hazara came to Europe were in 1800s and they were from the Indian British army infantry regiment 106th Hazara Pioneers, 4th Hazara Pioneers and 108th Hazara Pioneers they were fought in WW1 on side of allies in France) but more recent Hazaras came to Europe after NATO Forces left Afghanistan. Most Hazaras in Europe are followers of Islam but there is also a sizable Hazara Christian community living in Europe. Hazaras in Europe Hazara in Europe () are people of Hazara descent living in Europe today hundreds of thousand are residents in Europe. The vast majority form part of

This is a document about 7th Panzer Division (Wehrmacht)
 western Pomerania and retreated west through Prussia until finally surrendering to the British Army at Schwerin north and west of Berlin in May 1945. Historian Raffael Scheck says, "Although there is no evidence incriminating Rommel himself, his unit did fight in areas where German massacres of black French prisoners of war were extremely common in June 1940." According to some authors, during the fighting in France, Rommel's 7th Panzer division, alongside troops from 5th Panzer division, committed numerous atrocities against French troops including the murder of 50 surrendering officers and men at Quesnoy and the nearby Airaines After the war

This is a document about Richard Hugh Stotherd
 (1862-19/10/1915) died of wounds in France Another son Lt. Col. Edward A W Stotherd b:c. 1864 in Canada also fought in WW1. He died aged 75 in 1939 Lynette Saunders (Fallon) born Walton hospital England on 8 December 1966 is 3rd great granddaughter and resides in Australia with her children Emma, Daniel, Joshuah Parr and husband Tank commander Lcpl Paul Saunders of 1st Armoured regiment. Richard Hugh Stotherd Richard Hugh Stotherd (1828–1895) was a British Army officer, a major-general in the Royal Engineers and the director-general of the Ordnance Survey of the United Kingdom, The son of General Richard J.

This is a document about Army Air Forces Training Command
 1977 the United States Congress finally granted benefits to the 850 remaining WASPs. In World War I, partially trained American pilots arrived in Europe unprepared to fight the Germans. They completed their training in French, British, and Italian schools in aircraft not available in the United States. Mechanics, too, received training overseas. The British helped train US ground crews at their airfields and in their factories. So too, did France. Based on that foundation, the air arm of the US Army grew quickly and compiled a credible combat record during World War I. Two decades later, with World War II

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 environment. Urban combat is the one specialty that has not yet arisen. New technologies also affect where battles are fought. The adoption of chariots makes flat, open battlefields desirable, and larger fields than for infantry alone, as well as offering opportunities to engage an enemy sooner. During the American Civil War, rail transport influenced where and how battles would be, could be, fought, as did telegraphic communication. This was a major factor in the execution of the German invasion of France in WW1: German forces could only travel as far from railheads as their ability to transport fodder allowed; the

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This is a document about History of the Jews in England
 They were then released from the Soviet Gulags to form the Anders Army and marched to Persia to form the II Corps (Poland). The Polish II Corps then advanced to the British Mandate of Palestine, where many Polish Jews, including Menachem Begin, deserted to work on forming the state of Israel, in a process known as the 'Anders Aliyah'. Other Polish Jews remained in the Polish Army to fight alongside the British in the North Africa and Italy campaigns. Around 10,000 Polish Jews fought under the Polish flag — and British High Command — at the Battle of Monte Cassino.

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 of 1940. They were sent to North Africa to fight the British. Its baptism of fire came with a special unit, the Babini Brigade. Arriving too late to fight in the September offensive, this unit was ready the next December, for a major British offensive operation. Further action took place in Derna, where the V battalion had just arrived. Tanks of III battalion were also present near this position, at the battle of Bardia. In two days of fighting (January 3–4, 1941), the Australians suffered 456 casualties while the Italians lost 45,000 men captured or killed. On February 6–7, the

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 sent back to Kenya when the British handed the territory over to Italy. Gabyow was among British troops who were sent to fight in Korea until 1952. He had previously fought in the Malayan Emergency. In 1952 he was sent to Britain and was among the African troops sent to Britain to attend the coronation Queen Elizabeth II. In 1963, Gabyow became a platoon leader in the new Kenyan army but was reduced to a private forcing him to leave the army. In 1970 he made his way to Dar es Salaam, Tanzania from where he was transported to Mogadishu

The British Army fought in various theatres during World War I, including the Western Front against Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Bulgaria; the Middle East against the Ottoman Empire and Mesopotamia; Italy against Austria-Hungary; and against Japan in the Far East. Some units also fought against the Empire of Germany in Africa.


Question: who is the she that gollum refers to

Answer: Shelob

This is a document about Shelob
 Shelob Shelob is a fictional demon in the form of a giant spider from J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth legendarium. She appears at the end of the fourth book, second volume ("The Two Towers"), of "The Lord of the Rings". Her lair lies in Cirith Ungol ("the pass of the spider") leading into Mordor. Gollum deliberately leads Frodo Baggins there in hopes of recovering the One Ring when Shelob attacks Frodo. The plan is foiled when Samwise Gamgee greatly injures Shelob with Frodo's Elvish dagger, Sting, and the Phial of Galadriel. Shelob was an "evil thing in spider-form...[the] last child

This is a document about Gollum
 prisoner in order to spare his life, Gollum felt betrayed, and began plotting against his new "master". Faramir found out that Gollum was taking them to Cirith Ungol, and warned Frodo and Sam of the evil of that place, as well as the treachery he sensed in Gollum. Frodo, Sam, and Gollum left Faramir and began climbing the stairs to Cirith Ungol in the border-mountains of the Ephel Dúath. Gollum slipped away and visited Shelob, planning to feed the Hobbits to her and then get the Ring for himself when she was done. When he returned, he found the Hobbits

This is a document about Shelob
 Gollum as "Her Sneak". Sauron himself was aware of her existence, but left her alone, as a useful guard on the pass, and occasionally fed prisoners to her. In the story, Gollum led the Hobbits into her lair to himself recover the One Ring after she consumed them. She cornered them; but Frodo used the Phial of Galadriel's light to drive her off, and used Sting to cut the webs blocking the tunnel. Gollum waylaid the pair and tried to strangle Sam, while Shelob paralysed Frodo; whereafter Sam fought off Gollum and then wielded Sting against Shelob. Seeking to crush

This is a document about The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King
 climbing a stair carved in the cliff face that will take them into Mordor via a 'secret way' - unaware that Gollum plans to kill them and take the Ring. Sauron's army strikes and overwhelms Osgiliath, forcing Faramir and his garrison to retreat to Minas Tirith. Gollum disposes of the Hobbits' food, blaming Sam. Frodo tells Sam to go home, before Frodo and Gollum continue to the tunnel leading to Mordor, where Gollum tricks him into venturing into the lair of the giant spider Shelob. Frodo narrowly escapes and confronts Gollum, telling him that he must destroy the Ring for

This is a document about The Two Towers
 back of the neck and he collapses to the ground. Sam fends off Gollum, who runs off back towards Shelob's cave. Sam then fights Shelob, and eventually drives her off by wounding her with Frodo's blade, Sting and the Phial. After seeing Frodo lifeless and pale, Sam assumes that Frodo is dead and debates chasing Gollum and abandoning the Quest in favour of vengeance. Sam resolves to finish the Quest himself and takes the Ring, but when Orcs take Frodo's body, Sam follows them, aided by the invisibility of wearing the Ring. He learns that Frodo is not dead, but

This is a document about Gollum
 that of a tailless black squirrel. In a manuscript written to guide illustrators to the appearance of his characters, Tolkien explained this by saying that Gollum had pale skin, but wore dark clothes and was often seen in poor light. "The Hobbit" states he has pockets, in which he keeps a tooth-sharpening-rock, goblin teeth, wet shells, and a scrap of bat wing. "The Hobbit" describes him as thin, with only six teeth sharpened into points. Comparing him to Shelob, one of the Orcs describes him as "rather like a spider himself, or perhaps like a starved frog." Gollum is described

This is a document about The Two Towers
 the Witch-king leads the Morgul army out and toward Minas Tirith. They then climb up a long, steep staircase of the Cirith Ungol and into a tunnel when Gollum disappears. The tunnel is actually the lair of an enormous spider named Shelob. Gollum hopes to get the Ring from Frodo's bones after Shelob is done with him. The hobbits escape Shelob in her lair using the light of the Phial of Galadriel and mistakenly assume that they are safe. However, Shelob sneaks up on Frodo. Sam attempts to warn Frodo but is attacked by Gollum. Shelob stings Frodo in the

This is a document about Sauron
 enter Mordor through the pass of Cirith Ungol in the mountains above. They had been previously met by Gollum, whom Sauron had earlier released from captivity. For a while, Gollum had acted as a guide for Frodo and Sam. However, he finally betrayed them to Shelob – a monstrous, spider-like creature that guarded the pass. (Sauron is said to have called Shelob his "cat", sending her the occasional prisoner to be devoured.) In the end, Sam drove off both Gollum and Shelob, but Frodo had been stung by Shelob and appeared to have died from her venom. The Orcs found

This is a document about The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (video game)
 to get to the sewers and ensuring that Frodo is not captured by the Nazgûl. However, upon escaping, Gollum decides to betray them and take the Ring back for himself. He tricks Frodo into going on without Sam, but Sam follows them into Shelob's lair. In the lair, Gollum abandons Frodo, and Sam must fight past spiders and orcs, eventually facing Shelob herself, who has attacked Frodo. Sam defeats Shelob, but upon reaching Frodo, he mistakenly believes him to be dead. About to go to Mount Doom on his own, he hides as a group of orcs arrive, and hears

This is a document about The Lord of the Rings
 well guarded, so instead they travel to a secret way Gollum knows. On the way, they encounter Faramir, who, unlike his brother Boromir, resists the temptation to seize the Ring. Gollum – who is torn between his loyalty to Frodo and his desire for the Ring – betrays Frodo by leading him to the great spider Shelob in the tunnels of Cirith Ungol. Frodo falls to Shelob's sting. But with the help of Galadriel's gifts, Sam fights off the spider. Believing Frodo to be dead, Sam takes the Ring to continue the quest alone. Orcs find Frodo; Sam overhears them

This is a document about Samwise Gamgee
 the Ring's influence, as they moved through the dangerous lands toward Mordor. Sam distrusted Gollum, who became their guide into Mordor. His suspicions were proven right when Gollum betrayed them to the giant spider Shelob. After Shelob apparently killed Frodo, Sam drove her off. When a band of orcs approached, Sam was forced to leave the apparently dead Frodo and take the Ring himself, and briefly became a Ring-bearer. He was momentarily tempted by its promise of power, but did not succumb to it, subsequently rescuing Frodo (who had only been paralysed) from the Orcs who held him captive. Sam

This is a document about One Ring
 eventually gave in to the Ring's temptation, however, and betrayed them to the spider Shelob. Believing Frodo to be dead, Sam bore the Ring himself for a short time and experienced the temptation it induced; he wore it briefly twice, but never succumbed to it. Sam rescued Frodo from a band of orcs at the Tower of Cirith Ungol. The hobbits, followed by Gollum, eventually arrived at Mount Doom, where Frodo was overcome by the Ring's power and claimed it for himself. At that moment, however, Gollum attacked him and bit off his finger, taking back the Ring. Gollum was

This is a document about Shelob
 assume the form of an attractive human woman. Following criticism of this decision, creative director Michael de Plater explained his interpretation that Gollum and Shelob were "the unsung heroes of "The Lord of the Rings"", with Shelob sensing Frodo's weakness and making a pact with Gollum to hasten him to Mount Doom and the confrontation that destroys the ring. De Plater envisioned Shelob as a dark counterpart to Galadriel, noting how both manipulate lesser beings, but that Shelob is more honest. Shelob Shelob is a fictional demon in the form of a giant spider from J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth

This is a document about Orc (Middle-earth)
 one Azog, while Gollum is described as having eaten a young Goblin-imp (Goblins often being synonymous with orcs) shortly before he first met Bilbo (which seems to be alluded to in "The Lord of the Rings" films when Gollum goes on (with himself) about how unpleasant-tasting orcs are and that sweet Hobbit meat would suit Shelob better). In an unpublished letter, written in 1963 to a Mrs. Munsby (and auctioned in 2002 at Sotheby's), Tolkien confirmed that female Orcs did exist. He wrote: "There must have been orc-women. But in stories that seldom if ever see the Orcs except as

This is a document about Gollum
  Gollum is a fictional monstrous character from J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth legendarium. He was introduced in the 1937 fantasy novel The Hobbit, and became important in its sequel, The Lord of the Rings. Gollum was a Stoor Hobbit of the River-folk who lived near the Gladden Fields. In The Lord of the Rings it is stated that he was originally known as Sméagol, he was corrupted by the One Ring and later named Gollum after his habit of making "a horrible swallowing noise in his throat". Sméagol obtained the Ring by murdering his relative Déagol, who found it in the River Anduin. Gollum referred to the Ring as "my precious" or "precious", and it extended his life far beyond natural limits. Centuries of the Ring's influence

This is a document about Women in The Lord of the Rings
  The Lord of the Rings is by male characters, and the nine-person Fellowship of the Ring is entirely male. On the other hand, commentators have noted that the Elf-queen Galadriel is powerful and wise; Éowyn, noblewoman of Rohan, is extraordinarily courageous, killing the leader of the Nazgûl; and the half-elf Arwen, who chooses mortality to be with Aragorn, the man she loves, is central to the book's theme of death and immortality; and that other female figures like the monstrous spider Shelob and the wise-woman of Gondor, Ioreth, play important roles in the narrative. Tolkien stated that the Hobbit woman Rosie Cotton is "absolutely essential" to understanding the hero Sam's character, and the relation of ordinary life to heroism.

This is a document about Ingerophrynus gollum
  It is called "gollum" with reference of the eponymous character of The Lord of the Rings by J. R. R. Tolkien.

This is a document about List of Middle-earth characters
 Galadriel: Co-ruler of Lothlórien alongside her husband Celeborn. Relative of numerous notable characters in Tolkien's legendarium through bloodline and kinship. ; Gandalf: A wizard. A member of the Fellowship of the Ring.  Killed in battle in Moria, but returns to play a leading role in the defeat of Sauron. ; Glorfindel: Noldorin elf-lord notable for his death and resurrection within Tolkien's legendarium. ; Gimli: Dwarven member of the Fellowship of the Ring and a major character in The Lord of the Rings. ; Goldberry: Mysterious entity known as the River-woman's daughter, wife of Tom Bombadil. ; Gollum: Possessor of the One Ring until taken by Bilbo Baggins. Falls into the Crack of Doom after retaking the ring from Frodo Baggins. ; Gríma Wormtongue: An ally of Saruman who gave false advice to Théoden, King of Rohan. Slain by hobbit militia during the Scouring of the Shire.

This is a document about Beowulf and Middle-earth
  Gollum, a far smaller monster in Middle-earth, has also been likened to Grendel, with his preference for hunting with his bare hands and his liking for desolate, marshy places. The many parallels between these monsters include their affinity for water, their isolation from society, and their bestial description. The Tolkien scholar Verlyn Flieger suggests that he is Tolkien's central monster-figure, likening him to both Grendel and the dragon; she describes him as "the twisted, broken, outcast hobbit whose manlike shape and dragonlike greed combine both the Beowulf kinds of monster in one figure".

This is a document about Shelob
  The critic Joyce Tally Lionarons writes that Tolkien constructs the Elves and the spiders such as Shelob as polar opposites, the Elves good and bright, the spiders evil and dark. Milbank writes more specifically that the ancient Shelob's adversary is another ancient female character, the elf-queen Galadriel. Galadriel both chooses not to be "She-who-must-be-obeyed" by rejecting Frodo's offer of the One Ring, and gives Frodo her light (the Phial of Galadriel) which enables the hobbits to defeat Shelob. Patrick Grant, a scholar of Renaissance literature, saw Shelob and Galadriel's character pairing as fitting the opposition of Jungian archetypes. Frodo's anima is the Elf-queen Galadriel, who is opposed by the evil giant female spider Shelob. Frodo's Shadow is the male Hobbit Gollum. All of these, along with oppositions between other characters in the story, create an image of the self.

Shelob is the she that Gollum refers to. She is a giant spider and the last demon in J.R.R. Tolkien's "The Lord of the Rings," appearing in the form of a spider in the second book, "The Two Towers." Gollum encounters her in the Cirith Ungol, a pass in the mountains of Mordor, and she attempts to eat Frodo Baggins.