Question: who plays alicia on fear the walking dead

Answer: Alycia Jasmin Debnam - Carey

This is a document about Alycia Debnam-Carey
 On 19 October 2017, it was announced that Debnam-Carey has been cast in a crime thriller "A Violent Separation". Debnam-Carey will be playing Frances Campbell, younger sister of the victim. The film is scheduled to be released in the following year. Alycia Debnam-Carey Alycia Jasmin Debnam-Carey (born 20 July 1993) is an Australian actress. She is known for her roles as Commander Lexa on The CW science fiction television series "The 100" and Alicia Clark on the AMC horror drama television series "Fear the Walking Dead". Debnam-Carey has also starred in the films "Into the Storm" and "The Devil's Hand"

This is a document about Alicia Clark
  Alicia Clark is a fictional character in the television series Fear the Walking Dead portrayed by Alycia Debnam-Carey. The character was created by Robert Kirkman and Dave Erickson. Alicia is the daughter of Steven and Madison Clark, the series former main protagonist.

This is a document about Daniel Zovatto
  in the U.S. on August 26, 2016. Although the film is set in Detroit, it was primarily shot in Hungary, with only a few views of the Detroit ruins shot in Detroit. In 2016, Zovatto had a recurring role on AMC's horror drama series Fear the Walking Dead, during the show's second season. While he does not appear in the premiere episode of season two, "Monster", Jack (Zovatto) is heard conversing with Alicia Clark (Alycia Debnam-Carey), after the latter responds to his distress calls over the radio. Debnam-Carey and Zovatto's characters share a romance in the succeeding episodes "Blood in the Streets" and "Captive", despite Jack and

This is a document about Lexa (The 100)
  Show creator Jason Rothenberg said he and others involved with the series were aware of Debnam-Carey while casting Clarke in 2014; although the chance for her to portray Clarke never materialized, her name was brought up while casting Lexa. He called the casting a "no-brainer"; she did not audition for the role, but was rather offered it. At the time, Debnam-Carey was also being considered for the role of Alicia Clark on Fear the Walking Dead. "That's always a concern when you have an actor in your show that is popping—that someone else is going to grab them and make them

This is a document about Alycia Debnam-Carey
  the 100 portraying a being known as a judge who assumed Lexa's form to communicate. In December 2014, the first four lead roles of The Walking Dead companion series Fear the Walking Dead were cast, including Debnam-Carey as Alicia. The first photos of Debnam-Carey on set showed up after production began on the remaining five first-season episodes on 11 May 2015, in Vancouver. Production for the show in Canada concluded at the end of June 2015 and finished in July 2015 in Los Angeles. Fear the Walking Dead debuted on 23 August, 2015 and was ordered for 2 seasons. At the Television Critics Association Press Tour, it was announced that AMC ordered 15 episodes for season 2. On 15 April 2016, AMC announced the series

This is a document about List of Fear the Walking Dead characters
  Alicia Clark, portrayed by Alycia Debnam-Carey, is the daughter of Madison and Steven Clark, who died a few years before the apocalypse. She is the younger sister of Nick Clark. She was a formerly high-ranking member and resident of the Broke Jaw Ranch community as she becomes a de facto co-leader, and briefly had a relationship with Jake Otto.

This is a document about Fear the Walking Dead (season 4)
  new filming location, Austin, Texas. The season marks a departure from the previous entries, with the story shifting from being a prequel to running concurrently with The Walking Dead. In addition to the group of Madison Clark (Kim Dickens), her daughter Alicia (Alycia Debnam-Carey), her drug-addicted son Nick (Frank Dillane), his lover Luciana Galvez (Danay García), and grifter Victor Strand (Colman Domingo) from the previous seasons, the story follows original series character Morgan Jones (Lennie James) as he encounters them amid their conflict with the antagonistic Vultures. Several new characters are also introduced in the fourth season, including journalist Althea Szewczyk-Przygocki (Maggie Grace), police officer John Dorie (Garret Dillahunt), and nurse June (Jenna Elfman).

This is a document about Alycia Debnam-Carey
  Alycia Jasmin Debnam-Carey (born 20 July 1993 ) is an Australian actress and director. She has portrayed the characters Commander (Heda) Lexa on The CW science fiction television series The 100 (2014–2016; 2020) and Alicia Clark on the AMC horror drama television series Fear the Walking Dead (2015–present). Debnam-Carey has also starred in the films Into the Storm (2014) and The Devil's Hand (2014), and Friend Request (2016). She has also appeared in the television series McLeod's Daughters, Dream Life, and Next Stop Hollywood.

This is a document about Elizabeth Rodriguez
  Elizabeth Rodriguez (born December 27, 1980) is an American actress, best known for her role as Aleida Diaz in the Netflix comedy-drama series Orange Is the New Black (2013–2019). She received a Tony Award nomination, and won an Outer Critics Circle Award and a Theatre World Award for her performance in Stephen Adly Guirgis' 2011 play The Motherfucker with the Hat. In 2015, she starred as a series regular on the first season of AMC's pre-apocalyptic drama series Fear the Walking Dead. She also played Gabriela Lopez in the 2017 film Logan.

This is a document about Fear the Walking Dead (season 5)
  The fifth season of Fear the Walking Dead, an American horror-drama television series on AMC, premiered on June 2, 2019, and concluded on September 29, 2019, consisting of sixteen episodes. The series is a companion series to The Walking Dead, which is based on the comic book series of the same name by Robert Kirkman, Tony Moore, and Charlie Adlard, with the season containing the second crossover character between the two series with the introduction of Dwight (Austin Amelio), the first being Morgan Jones in the fourth season. The executive producers are Kirkman, David Alpert, Greg Nicotero, Gale Anne Hurd, Scott M. Gimple, Andrew Chambliss, and Ian B. Goldberg, with Chambliss and Goldberg as showrunners for the second consecutive season. The season follows the group of survivors led by Morgan Jones (Lennie James) and Alicia Clark (Alycia Debnam-Carey) as they search for other survivors, looking to provide help for others in an effort to make up for the wrongdoings from their pasts.

This is a document about Lisandra Tena
  In 2017, she joined the cast of Fear the Walking Dead in the series regular role of Lola Guerrero.

This is a document about El Sereno, Los Angeles
 Two main characters on the show, Madison Clark played by Kim Dickens and Travis Manawa played by Cliff Curtis, work at a high school in El Sereno, as a guidance counselor and an English teacher respectively. Clark's daughter Alicia played by Alycia Debnam-Carey also attends the school as a student. In the sixth episode of the first season, titled The Good Man, Victor Strand played by Colman Domingo and Nick Clark played by Frank Dillane discuss the neighborhood of El Sereno directly. ; Significant portions of the first season were shot in El Sereno, and many recognizable neighborhood landmarks are visible, including Woodrow Wilson Senior High School. On the AMC TV show Fear the Walking Dead, El Sereno plays prominently in the first season.

This is a document about Another Day in the Diamond
  "Another Day in the Diamond" is the second episode of the fourth season of the post-apocalyptic horror television series Fear the Walking Dead, which aired on AMC on April 22, 2018. This marks the first appearance of Jenna Elfman as June, but she would go under the alias Naomi for the remainder of the first half until she reveals her name in "No One's Gone".

This is a document about Fear the Walking Dead (season 6)
 Lennie James as Morgan Jones: A mentally unstable and ruthlessly pragmatic man, formerly a part of Rick Grimes' group on The Walking Dead. ; Alycia Debnam-Carey as Alicia Clark: The fiery yet compassionate daughter of Madison, and Nick's sister. ; Maggie Grace as Althea "Al" Szewczyk-Przygocki: A curious and tactical journalist. ; Colman Domingo as Victor Strand: A smart and sophisticated conman-turned-businessman, who formed friendships with Nick, Madison, and Alicia. ; Danay García as Luciana Galvez: A strong and cautious former member of the La Colonia community in Tijuana, Mexico. ; Garret Dillahunt as John Dorie: A lonesome and friendly police officer who is

This is a document about Madison Clark
  Madison Clark is a fictional character and the main protagonist for the first four seasons of the television series Fear the Walking Dead. She is portrayed by Kim Dickens, and created by Robert Kirkman and showrunner Dave Erickson. Madison is a former high school guidance counselor, Nick and Alicia's mother, and Travis Manawa's fiancée.

This is a document about List of Go, Diego, Go! episodes
 NOTE: Serena Keerigan replaces Constanza Sperakis in the role of Alicia.

This is a document about Three Bewildered People in the Night
 Darcy Marta as Alicia ; John Lacques as Craig ; Mark Howell as David

This is a document about Alicia Clark
  Since Madison's fate was confirmed in the fourth mid-season finale, Alicia is the only surviving main cast member from season 1 introduced in the series premiere. Alycia Debnam-Carey's performance was praised in the episode "Close Your Eyes". Laura Bradley of Vanity Fair stated the episode was Debnam-Carey's most powerful performance yet, one that proved Alicia still has a lot of story left. During an October 2020 interview with The Natural Aristocrat, Alycia Debnam-Carey commented about a potential father/daughter flashback scene between Alicia and father Steven Clark. "Yeah! I’ve never even thought about doing a flashback like that! But I'm always for showing some of the more revealing aspects of a character, before this whole apocalypse. And I do think it's tragic…"

This is a document about Look at the Flowers
  singer had a darker side that came out in the zombie apocalypse. They seeded this earlier in the season with a song, titled "The Turtle and the Monkey", that Magna (Nadia Hilker) listens to on a phonograph, which was written by Emily Kinney (who had played Beth Greene in the series) and sung by Hurst in episode five. The second song heard in this episode is titled "I Went to the Well", which was released in its entirety by AMC on April 1, 2020. A record cover of "Half Moon" with Hurst's face had also been shown in the fifth season of Fear the Walking Dead.

This is a document about The Holding (Fear the Walking Dead)
  Alicia (Alycia Debnam-Carey), Althea (Maggie Grace), Luciana (Danay García), and Wes (Colby Hollman) pose as new recruits to infiltrate an underground settlement called "The Holding," where workers turn walkers into dirt to farm and grow food. They look at a wall where the message "THE END IS THE BEGINNING" is written. After being greeted by a worker named Riley (Nick Stahl), they are questioned to provide information to the group's leader, Teddy (John Glover). Later, a group of people arrive, including Wes's brother Derek, whom Wes thought had long since died. Wes tries to get information from Derek, but Derek claims that Wes "isn't ready yet." While Derek is gone, Wes and Althea search

Alycia Debnam-Carey plays Alicia on "Fear the Walking Dead."


Question: who owns green and black 's organic chocolate

Answer: Mondelēz International

This is a document about Green & Black's
 are Fairtrade Certified. On 15 October 2012 Mondelēz Global LLC conducted voluntary U.S. recall of Green & Black’s organic peanut and sea salt milk chocolate bar due to possible health risk. Green & Black's Green & Black's is a British chocolate company founded in 1991. The company produces a range of organic products, including: chocolate bars, ice cream, biscuits and hot chocolate, with its principal manufacturing sites in Canada, Poland, and Italy. It was bought by Cadbury in 2005, and later became part of Mondelēz International (formerly known as Kraft Foods). Green & Black's was founded in 1991 by the

This is a document about Green & Black's
 Green & Black's Green & Black's is a British chocolate company founded in 1991. The company produces a range of organic products, including: chocolate bars, ice cream, biscuits and hot chocolate, with its principal manufacturing sites in Canada, Poland, and Italy. It was bought by Cadbury in 2005, and later became part of Mondelēz International (formerly known as Kraft Foods). Green & Black's was founded in 1991 by the couple Craig Sams and Josephine Fairley, organic food pioneer and journalist respectively. The name was derived from a wordplay — "Green" standing for the environmental concerns of the founders, and "Black"

This is a document about Green & Black's
  Green & Black's is a British chocolate company founded in 1991. The company produces a range of organic food products, including: chocolate bars, ice cream, biscuits and hot chocolate. Green & Black's was bought by Cadbury in 2005, and later became part of Mondelēz International (formerly known as Kraft Foods). It has principal manufacturing sites in Canada, Poland, and Italy.

This is a document about Green & Black's
  Green & Black's was founded in 1991 by the couple Craig Sams and Josephine Fairley, organic food pioneer and journalist respectively. The name was derived from a wordplay — "Green" standing for the environmental concerns of the founders, and "Black" for the high cocoa solids chocolate they wished to provide. In 1994, the company began purchasing Fairtrade cocoa from Maya farmers in Belize for the Maya Gold chocolate bar, and was awarded the Worldaware Business Award in 1994 for good business practice, as well as the UK's first Fairtrade mark. The company has a small office in Punta Gorda, Belize.

This is a document about Green & Black's
  In May 2005, Cadbury Schweppes (latterly Cadbury plc) bought Green & Black's for an undisclosed sum, estimated to be around £20m. Cadbury pledged to run the company as a separate business. Green & Black's Australia chocolate announced that it would convert 90% of its range to Fairtrade by the end of 2010, and its entire range by 2011. In August 2017 the Company launched its first product line, the Velvet Edition, which is neither Fair Trade nor Organic.

This is a document about Emerson, Nebraska
 Daniel E. Sheehan, American Roman Catholic archbishop. ; Craig Sams, founder of Green & Black's chocolate brand. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craig_Sams

This is a document about Green & Black's
  Green & Black's sells chocolate bars in the United States. They are sold in stores such as Whole Foods Market and Walgreens. They have various chocolate bars, in various flavors such as "Dark 85% Cacao" and "White". All are Fairtrade Certified.

This is a document about Dagoba Chocolate
  In October 2006, Dagoba was acquired by The Hershey Company. Hershey's CEO Richard H. Lenny stated in a press release "Organic chocolate products are experiencing dramatic growth as consumers continue to trade up for indulgent, high-quality products."

This is a document about Bromley High School
 Jo Fairley, co-founder of Green and Black's

This is a document about Organic chocolate
  Many, if not most, producers of organic chocolate source their ingredients from certified fair trade cocoa farms and cooperatives. Organic chocolate comes in many varieties, including milk chocolate, white chocolate, and dark chocolate. Major brands of organic chocolate include Britain-based Green & Black's, Hershey-owned Dagoba Chocolate, and Equal Exchange. Less-known retailers include Taza Chocolate, Pacari Chocolate, and Sacred Chocolate, a brand noted for producing raw chocolate.

This is a document about Divine Chocolate
 45% owned by Kuapa Kokoo, a Fairtrade cocoa farmers cooperative in Ghana. ; 43% shares owned by Twin Trading, an alternative trading organization based in London. ; 12% owned by Oikocredit, a Dutch microfinance institution. Following The Body Shop handing all their shares in the company over to Kuapa Kokoo in 2007, Divine Chocolate Ltd was then owned by the following organizations: In 2015 UK and US businesses merged, giving Kuapa Kokoo a 44% share of the new company - still the biggest share. Divine Chocolate Ltd (UK) has acquired the 69% of Divine Chocolate Inc (USA) that was in other ownership, through a mutually agreed share swap, resulting in Divine Chocolate Ltd owning 100% of Divine Chocolate Inc., whilst bringing in some minority shareholdings to Divine UK.

This is a document about Green & Black's
  On 15 October 2012 Mondelēz Global LLC conducted voluntary U.S. recall of Green & Black’s organic peanut and sea salt milk chocolate bar due to possible health risk.

This is a document about Craig Sams
  In October 1966, Sams went to England with plans to open a macrobiotic restaurant. His first, short-lived, macrobiotic restaurant was in the basement of Christopher Hills' Centre House off Campden Hill Road near Notting Hill as well as supplying food to the underground nightclub UFO. He opened Seed, a macrobiotic restaurant in Paddington with his brother Greg Sams in 1968. The Sams brothers opened a specialised macrobiotic natural food shop, Ceres Grain, the following year. He and his brother Greg and their father Ken edited and published 'Seed, the Journal of Organic Living' 1971–1977. In 1970 Greg and Craig set up Harmony Foods, which eventually became known as Whole Earth Foods. In 1991, with his partner Josephine Fairley, he founded Green & Black's chocolate, which was sold to Cadbury in 2005.

This is a document about Crank and Boom Ice Cream
  Crank and Boom is owned by Toa and Mike Green, who created the business after experimenting with ice cream flavors in their Thai restaurant, Thai Orchid Cafe. They debuted Crank and Boom in 2013 at Thursday Night Live, a weekly live music event, and after that continued to sell ice cream at more mobile events. The Greens opened their first location at the Lexington Distillery District in June 2015, followed by a second location at The Summit at Fritz Farm in September 2017.

This is a document about Green & Black's
  Green & Black's has operations around the world, including the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and other nations.

This is a document about Mr. Green Tea Ice Cream Company
  Mr. Green Tea Ice Cream Company is a third generation family owned business founded in 1968 by Santo (Sam) Emanuele in Brooklyn, New York, that specializes in the manufacture of exotic flavors including green tea, red bean, ginger, chai latte and black sesame.

This is a document about Steven J. Green
  Green has participated in many business ventures. In the 1980s, he managed E-II Holdings, a company that had been forced into bankruptcy because of its junk bond debts. The company received an infusion of capital from Leon Black, resulting in its emergence from bankruptcy. From 1988 to 1996, Green was Chairman and CEO of Samsonite Corporation. He was also Chairman and CEO of Astrum International from 1990 to 1995. During this time, Astrum operated Samsonite as a subsidiary as well as Culligan Water. Both Samsonite and Culligan were spun off as separate publicly owned companies in 1995. As chairman of Astrum, Green directed the company's expansion into emerging markets in Eastern Europe, the former Soviet Union, Asia and the Middle East. In 1992, he was Chairman and CEO when the company opened the first American retailing store in Red Square, Moscow.

This is a document about Save Ben & Jerry's
  From its founding in 1978 by Ben Cohen and Jerry Greenfield through 1999, Ben & Jerry's Homemade Inc. was a model of Corporate Social Responsibility, an activist for social causes, and a significant supporter of environmental, community, and peace programs, giving 7.5 percent of their pre-tax profits to charity. When Ben & Jerry's Homemade Inc. announced on December 2, 1999 that it had received and was considering acquisition indications of interest from a conglomerate multinational corporation, a 23-year-old Internet activist, Garret John LoPorto immediately launched a grass-roots protest campaign to “Save Ben & Jerry's” from being acquired by multinational corporate interests. The protests were subsequently joined by thousands, including Vermont Governor Howard Dean, Congressional Representative Bernie Sanders, mayor of Burlington Vermont, Peter Clavelle, and Black Dog Cafe founder Judy Wicks, receiving substantial international press coverage.

This is a document about Dan's Chocolates
  The company was founded in 1999 by Dan Cunningham. It was established as a subsidiary of the BlueMountain.com greeting card site and spun off as an independent venture in 2000. The company operates both a factory direct boxed chocolates business as well as a business selling all-natural chocolate bars and truffles through retail grocery stores. Dan's Chocolates comprises milk, dark, and white varieties. Dan's Chocolates posts a social responsibility scorecard on its site, which includes measures to reduce energy use, greenhouse gas emissions, and waste products in manufacturing. Since its founding day, a percentage of each sale has been given to one of the charities which customers designate at checkout. Dan's Chocolates became part of Hauser Foods in 2017.

Green & Black's organic chocolate is currently owned by Mondelēz International.


Question: in which country did cultural safety first originated

Answer: New Zealand

This is a document about Cultural safety
 of immunisation, earned less and lived five to seven years less than non-Maori. The concept developed in New Zealand by nurses working with Māori that moves beyond the traditional concept of cultural sensitivity (being acceptable to difference) to analysing power imbalances, institutional discrimination, colonisation and relationships with colonisers. It develops the idea that to provide quality care for people from different ethnicities than the mainstream, health care providers must embraces the skill of self-reflection as a means to advancing a therapeutic encounter and provide care congruent with the knowledge that cultural values and norms of the patient are different from

This is a document about Cultural safety
 Cultural safety In New Zealand, cultural safety is the effective nursing practice of a person or family from another culture that is determined by that person or family. Its origins are in nursing education and a culture can range anywhere from age or generation, gender, sexual orientation, occupation, religious beliefs, or even disabilities. An unsafe cultural practice is an action that demeans the cultural identity of a particular person or family. Cultural safety also has four different principles. The first one aims to improve health status and well-being of New Zealanders because the concept originated in New Zealand; on the

This is a document about Cultural safety
 his/her own. According to Brascoupé (2009) "the long-term value of the concept of cultural safety as a tool for cultural regeneration is hard to assess and depends on the integrity of the processes that underlie the concept of cultural safety". Most cultural safety research has been completed in New Zealand and Australia's health-care field, but the statistical evidence of the benefits of cultural safety is lacking, and other evidence is largely qualitative and anecdotal. Irihapeti Ramsden, the architect of cultural safety, stated that cultural safety training is too skewed toward Maori studies in many nursing courses and ignores the cultures

This is a document about Cultural safety
 the Treaty of Waitangi and maori health in nursing education and practice... TRC, 2009. Kawa Whakaruruhau: Cultural Safety. Retrieved from http://www.library.auckland.ac.nz/subject-guides/med/docs/cultural-safety.pdf Wepa, D (ed) 2005 Cultural safety in Aotearoa New Zealand. Auckland. Pearson Education Cultural safety In New Zealand, cultural safety is the effective nursing practice of a person or family from another culture that is determined by that person or family. Its origins are in nursing education and a culture can range anywhere from age or generation, gender, sexual orientation, occupation, religious beliefs, or even disabilities. An unsafe cultural practice is an action that demeans the cultural identity of

This is a document about Cultural safety
 Parliamentary Select Committee inquiry into its teaching, whilst a simultaneous review was carried out by the NZ Nursing Council. After the review the NZ Nursing Council revised the guidelines for cultural safety in Nursing and Midwifery Education to placate public concern that cultural safety privileged Maori. Cultural safety has been criticized for lacking a clear and comprehensive practice framework that is easily translated by, and responsive to, both culturally diverse health care providers and equally diverse health care recipients. Dominion Post [Wellington, New Zealand] 23 Aug 1997. 2nd ed. Cultural Safety. New Zealand Nursing Council, 2011. Guidelines for cultural safety,

This is a document about Cultural safety
 of other minorities. A number of controversies during the mid 1990s affected the concept of cultural safety in New Zealand. Critics claimed that nursing students were afraid to speak out about the excesses of cultural safety on their nursing degrees, presumably for concerns about failing their course after not meeting cultural safety requirements. Student nurse Anna Penn said she had been "bounced out" of her nursing course for being branded culturally unsafe by the polytechnic's kaumatua, the late Hohua Tutengaehe, after she questioned the denial of her right as a women to speak on a Marae. She also challenged a

This is a document about Cultural safety
  Cultural Safety has its origins in the field of nursing education. The concept originated at a nursing leadership hui in 1989 after concerns were raised by Māori nursing students about the safety of Māori students in monocultural nursing schools and of Māori intellectual property when taught by tauiwi.

This is a document about Cultural safety
 1) to improve health status and well-being ; 2) to improve the delivery of health services ; 3) to focus on the differences among the people who are being treated, and to accept those differences ; 4) to focus on understanding the power of health services and on how health care impacts individuals and families Cultural safety is the effective nursing practice of nursing a person or family from another culture; it is determined by that person or family. It developed in New Zealand, with origins in nursing education. An unsafe cultural practice is defined as an action which demeans the cultural identity of a particular person or family. Cultural safety has four separate principles:

This is a document about Cultural safety
  According to Brascoupé (2009) "the long-term value of the concept of cultural safety as a tool for cultural regeneration is hard to assess and depends on the integrity of the processes that underlie the concept of cultural safety". Most cultural safety research has been completed in New Zealand and Australia's health-care field, but the statistical evidence of the benefits of cultural safety is lacking, and other evidence is largely qualitative and anecdotal.

This is a document about Pie safe
  The origin of the pie safe can be traced back to the early 1700s in America. It was likely introduced by German immigrants to the country, who typically settled in the Pennsylvania area. These people later become known as the ‘Pennsylvania Dutch.’ The pie safe was introduced to protect perishables and other ingredients from vermin and pests. Their popularity meant that most American homes during this period possessed a pie safe, or similar regional variation.

This is a document about Timeline of nursing history in Australia and New Zealand
 1990 – Last student graduated from New Zealand hospital program. ; 1992 – "Cultural safety" was made a requirement for nursing and midwifery education programs by the Nursing Council of New Zealand. Cultural safety allows effective nursing of patients and/or family members of those of another culture by a nurse who has reflected on one's own cultural identity and understands the impact of differing cultures in nursing practice and patient care. (Papps & Ramsden, 1996) ; 1992 – The Australian and New Zealand national governments signed a Mutual Recognition Agreement. (Daly, Speedy & Jackson, 2010) ; 1996 – The Flight Nurse Association was created by the New Zealand Nurses Organisation (NZNO) to recognise the need of training and education of the same standards throughout New Zealand.

This is a document about Cultural Survival
  Cultural Survival was founded by anthropologist David Maybury-Lewis and his wife, Pia, in response to the opening up of the Amazonian and South American hinterlands during the 1960s, and the drastic effects this had on Indigenous inhabitants. It has since worked with Indigenous communities in Asia, Africa, South America, North America, and Australia, becoming the leading US-based organization defending the rights of Indigenous Peoples around the world. Headquartered in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Cultural Survival also has a satellite office for the Guatemala Radio Project in Guatemala. As of 2012, Cultural Survival had a four-star rating from Charity Navigator.

This is a document about Cultural diversity
  Culture 21 was thus designed with the aim of including cultural diversity at the local level. The document was approved on May 8, 2004 during the first edition of the Universal Forum of Cultures in Barcelona (Spain). In 2003, James Fearon, an American professor at Stanford University published "Ethnic and Cultural Diversity by Country" in the "Journal of Economic Growth", a list of countries based on the diversity of ethnicities, languages and religions. In 2005, the Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions was adopted in October 2005 by UNESCO in order to protect cultural diversity in the face of cultural homogenization by globalization, free trade and international trade. The convention defines cultural diversity as referring to the manifold ways in which the cultures of groups and societies find expression. These expressions are passed on within and among groups and societies.

This is a document about Workplace safety standards
  The Russian scientist Mikhail Lomonosov in 1763 first describes the dangers of mining in his book Первыя основанiя Металлургiи, или Рудныхъ Делъ(The First Foundations of Metallurgy, or Ore Affairs). The history of human safety in the workplace began in 1802 with the Health and Morals of Apprentices Act. In 1893 in the United States, Railroad Safety Appliance Act was formed. In 1911 were introduced Coal Mines Act. In 1947, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was signed and published by a collaborative group of 23 countries working to establish smooth international trade. In the United States the first Federal Safety Standards for cars become effective 1 January 1968. These new standards help protect drivers against unreasonable risk of crashes occurring as a result of the design, construction or performance of motor vehicles. In 2015 was created EFM scientist against EMF radiation. On 11 May 2015, Dr. Martin Blank in a three-minute video makes an appeal to pay attention for dangerous magnetic fields from our communication devices.

This is a document about Domestic containment
  Domestic containment originated during the Cold War period in the 1950s in response to Communism. This idea of containment culture, as coined by George F. Kennan was born from North America's fear of "the other" and overwhelming xenophobia towards Communist countries. A culture of fear and manipulation was employed by North American governments to convince citizens that communism was something to be feared and was an attack on American values such as capitalism and family. The 1962 anti-communist film "Red Nightmare." used the nuclear family unit as an American freedom and liberty susceptible to corruption and aimed to warn Americans not to take their American freedoms for granted by threatening the family. Domestic containment came to represent

This is a document about Culture of fear
 The Formation of the National Security State: the State and the Opposition in Military Brazil, Volume 2 (1982) by Maria Helena Moreira Alves ; Risk Society, Towards a New Modernity (1989), by Ulrich Beck, ISBN: 978-0-8039-8346-5 [the term was coined in German by the same author in Risikogesellschaft. Die organisierte Unverantwortlichkeit (this subtitle means in English: "Organized irresponsibility"), a speech given at St. Gallen College, Switzerland, 16pp., in 1989, then published as full-length book with the title: Risikogesellschaft, Suhrkamp, 1989, 391pp., ISBN: 3-518-11365-8] ; The Culture of Fear: Why Americans Are Afraid of the Wrong Things (2000), by Barry Glassner ISBN: 0-465-01490-9 ; Creating Fear:

This is a document about Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act
  them. An international predecessor of the UNESCO Convention and NAGPRA is the 1954 Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict. The Hague Convention was the first international convention to focus on preserving cultural heritage from the devastation of war. Looting and destruction of other civilizations have been characteristics of war recorded from the first accounts of all cultures. On September 30, 1897, Lieutenant Robert Peary brought six Inuit people from Greenland to the American Museum of Natural History in New York, at the request of the anthropologist Franz Boas, in order to "obtain leisurely certain information which will be of the greatest scientific importance" regarding Inuit culture. About two

This is a document about History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance
  regimes, lacking strong legal or political control, were a disaster for witches. Witch trials were more prevalent in regions where the Catholic church was weakest (Germany, Switzerland and France), while in areas with a strong church presence (Spain, Poland and Eastern Europe) the witch craze was negligible. Eventually, Christian thought solidified behind Cautio Criminalis (Precautions for Prosecutors) which was written by Friedrich Spee, in 1631. As a Jesuit priest, he personally witnessed witch trials in Westphalia. Driven by his priestly charge of enacting Christian charity, he describes the inhumane torture of the rack with the graphic language of the truly horrified saying, "it makes

This is a document about Nudity
  With the opening of Japan to European visitors in the Meiji era (1868–1912), the previously normal states of undress, and the custom of mixed public bathing, became an issue for leaders concerned with Japan's international reputation. A law was established with fines for those that violated the ban on undress. Although often ignored or circumvented, the law had the effect of sexualizing the naked body in situations that had not previously been erotic. Nudism, in German Freikörperkultur (FKK), "free body culture" originated in Europe in the late 19th century as part of working class opposition to industrialization. Nudism spawned a proselytizing literature in the 1920s and 1930s and was brought to America by German

This is a document about Intangible cultural heritage
  Prior to the UNESCO Convention, efforts had already been made by a number of states to safeguard their intangible heritage. Japan, with its 1950 Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties, was the first to introduce legislation to preserve and promote intangible as well as tangible culture: Important Intangible Cultural Properties are designated and "holders" recognized of these craft and performance traditions, known informally as Living National Treasures. Other countries, including South Korea (Important Intangible Cultural Properties of Korea), the Philippines, the United States, Thailand, France, Romania, the Czech Republic, and Poland, have since created similar programs. In 2003 UNESCO adopted the

Cultural safety originated in New Zealand.


Question: what does the airport code dca stand for

Answer: Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport

This is a document about Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport
 Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport is an airport in Arlington, Virginia that acts as the primary airport serving Washington, D.C. It is the nearest commercial airport to the capital and serves the Baltimore–Washington metropolitan area. For decades it was called Washington National Airport before being renamed to honor President Ronald Reagan in 1998. The Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority (MWAA) operates the airport with close oversight by the federal government due to its proximity to the national capital. It is located in the neighborhood of Crystal City in the county of Arlington, Virginia, south of Downtown

This is a document about Washington Dulles International Airport
 passengers. Dulles was once assigned the airport code DIA, with each letter corresponding to the initials of Dulles International Airport. However, when handwritten, it was often misread as DCA, the code for nearby Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport. It was later revised to IAD to avoid confusion. The airport's terminal complex consists of a main terminal and two midfield terminal buildings: Concourses A/B and C/D. The entire terminal complex has 123 gates and 16 hardstand locations from which passengers can board or disembark using the airport's plane mate vehicles. Conceived in early planning sessions in 1959, Dulles is one of

This is a document about Rectrix Aviation
 to Baltimore Washington International Airport within the next year. On March 6, 2017, Rectrix Commercial Aviation Services announced that its Aerodrome Center located at L.G. Hanscom Field Airport in Bedford, Mass. (BED) is now an approved “gateway FBO” for general And corporate aviation flights to Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport (DCA). Approved operators may now use Rectrix at BED as their departure point into DCA. On June 26, 2017, Rectrix announced its commercial flights Rectrix Shuttle will connect Worcester Regional Airport and Barnstable Municipal Airport featuring one round-trip flight daily from Thursday to Monday. "It's the first major expansion of

This is a document about Delaware
 Atlantic City International Airport (ACY), Newark Liberty International Airport (EWR), and Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport (DCA) are also within a radius of New Castle County. The Dover Air Force Base of the Air Mobility Command is in the central part of the state, and it is the home of the 436th Airlift Wing and the 512th Airlift Wing. Other general aviation airports in Delaware include Summit Airport near Middletown, Delaware Airpark near Cheswold, and Delaware Coastal Airport near Georgetown. Delaware's fourth and current constitution, adopted in 1897, provides for executive, judicial and legislative branches. The Delaware General Assembly consists

This is a document about Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport station
 Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport station Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport (formerly National Airport) is a Washington Metro station in Arlington, Virginia on the Blue and Yellow Lines. The station platform is elevated and covered and is the last above ground station on the Yellow Line in Virginia, heading into Washington, D.C. It is one of only two stations in the system to have three tracks (the other being ). The station is located across Smith Boulevard from the B and C terminals at Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport (DCA); the airport shuttle bus carries people to and from Terminal

This is a document about Prince George's County, Maryland
 has three stops in the county: Bowie State station, Seabrook station, New Carrollton station, The College Park Airport (CGS), established in 1909, is the world's oldest continuously operated airport and is home to the adjacent College Park Aviation Museum. Privately owned general aviation airfields in the county include Freeway Airport (W00) in Mitchellville, Potomac Airfield (VKX) in Friendly, and Washington Executive Airpark/Hyde Field (W32) in Clinton, along with numerous private heliports. The area is served by three airports: Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport (DCA) in Arlington County, Virginia, Baltimore–Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport (BWI) near Baltimore, and Dulles International Airport

This is a document about Washington Dulles International Airport
 Chantilly in Fairfax County. The airport serves the Washington metropolitan area. Dulles is one of the three major airports in the larger Baltimore–Washington metropolitan area with more than 21 million passengers a year. Dulles has the most international passenger traffic of any airport in the Mid-Atlantic outside the New York metropolitan area, including approximately 90% of the international passenger traffic in the Baltimore-Washington region. On a typical day, more than 60,000 passengers pass through Dulles to and from more than 125 destinations around the world. Dulles Airport has recently surpassed Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport (DCA) in monthly passenger boardings

This is a document about Washington, DC Metropolitan Area Special Flight Rules Area
 in 2004. The other, almost a year later, involved a Cessna 150 flown by a student pilot accompanied by a pilot who was not familiar with the ADIZ rules, using an outdated chart. The original Washington ADIZ was roughly co-extensive with the Class B airspace around Washington. On August 30, 2007, the dimensions of the ADIZ were changed to a circle centered on the Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport (DCA) VOR/DME (located at ), with a small triangular cutout for Leesburg Executive Airport (JYO). This change reduced the size of the ADIZ by and removed 33 airports from its coverage.

This is a document about List of Texas International Airlines destinations
 Washington, D.C. - Reagan National Airport (DCA)

This is a document about Dulles International Airport
  Dulles originally used airport code DIA, the initials of Dulles International Airport. When handwritten, it was often misread as DCA, the code for Washington National Airport, so in 1968 Dulles' code was changed to IAD.

This is a document about Department of Civil Aviation (Myanmar)
  The Department of Civil Aviation, Myanmar (လေကြောင်း ပို့ဆောင်ရေး ညွှန်ကြားမှု ဦးစီးဌာန; abbreviated DCA) is an agency of the government of Burma. It is subordinate to the Ministry of Transport.

This is a document about Deputy Commandant for Aviation
  The Deputy Commandant for Aviation (DCA) is the United States Marine Corps' principle advisor on all aviation matters and is the spokesperson for Marine Corps Aviation programs, requirements, and strategy throughout the Department of the Navy and the Department of Defense. DCA is normally the highest-ranking naval aviator in the Marine Corps and reports directly to the Commandant of the Marine Corps. The role of DCA is an administrative position and has no operational command authority over United States Marine Corps Aviation forces. DCA tour lengths have varied over the years based on war time requirements and personnel turnover. For the last two decades, typical tour lengths have been approximately three years. The billet is normally held by a lieutenant general. DCA and Headquarters Marine Corps Aviation work out of The Pentagon in Arlington County, Virginia.

This is a document about Dubai Civil Aviation Authority
  The Department of Civil Aviation (DCA) is the governing body which oversees aviation activities in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

This is a document about Department of Civil Aviation of Bhutan
  The Department of Civil Aviation, or DCA, is a department of the Royal Government of Bhutan. The department is responsible for regulating aviation safety, airport regulation and providing air navigation services. It is subordinate to the Ministry of Information and Communications and has its head office in Paro. The department is empowered to carry out its functions under the Kingdom of Bhutan Civil Aviation Act 2000.

This is a document about List of acronyms: D
 DC ; (i) da capo ; Italian Democrazia Cristiana ; Digital Compass ; Direct Current ; (s) District of Columbia (postal symbol) ; (i) Douglas Aircraft Company ; Dublin Core ; Duty Cycle ; Disconnected ; DCA ; (i) Defensive Counter Air ; Drum Corps Associates ; (p) DiChloroAcetate ; (s) Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport (IATA code) ; DCAA – (i) (U.S.) Defense Contract Audit Agency ; DCAS – (i) Devon and Cornwall Archery Society ; DCC ; (i) Dallas Christian College ; Digital Command Control (model railroading) ; Direct Client-to-Client (Internet Relay Chat) ; Dismounted Close Combat ; DCCP – (i) Datagram Congestion Control Protocol ; DCD – (i) [Organ] Donation after Cardiac Death ; DCDC

This is a document about Department of Civil Aviation (Cyprus)
  The Department of Civil Aviation (DCA; Τμήμα Πολιτικής Αεροπορίας) is an agency of the Ministry of Communications and Works (Cyprus). Its head office is in Nicosia. The agency was established in 1955.

This is a document about IATA airport code
  that seem to apply in the United States, which state that "the first and second letters or second and third letters of an identifier may not be duplicated with less than 200 nautical miles separation." Thus, Washington, D.C. area's three airports all have radically different codes: IAD for Washington–Dulles, DCA for Washington–Reagan (District of Columbia Airport), and BWI for Baltimore (Baltimore–Washington International, formerly BAL). Since HOU is used for William P. Hobby Airport, the new Houston–Intercontinental became IAH. The code BKK was originally assigned to Bangkok–Don Mueang and was later transferred to Suvarnabhumi Airport, while the former adopted DMK. The

This is a document about List of airports by IATA airport code: W
 WAS is common IATA code for Washington Dulles International Airport, Baltimore–Washington International Airport and Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport.

This is a document about Department of Civil Aviation (Thailand)
  The Department of Civil Aviation (DCA; กรมการบินพลเรือน) was a government department of Thailand from 2009 to 2015. Founded in 1933 as a bureau under the Ministry of Commerce's Department of Transport, it was elevated to department status under the new Ministry of Transport in 1963, and was originally called the Department of Commercial Aviation. It was renamed the Department of Air Transport in 2002, before becoming the Department of Civil Aviation in 2009. The department's responsibilities included prescribing, regulating, and auditing Thai civil aviation, as well as the management of Thailand's government-owned civil airports (not including the main international airports operated by the state enterprise Airports of Thailand PCL). In October 2015, as part of restructuring in response to the ICAO's downgrading of Thailand's aviation safety rating, the DCA was split into two separate entities, the Civil Aviation Authority of Thailand (CAAT), which will conduct aviation regulatory oversight, and the Department of Airports, which will operate airports previously operated by the DCA.

This is a document about Centennial Airlines (Spain)
 ICAO code: CNA (not current)

DCA stands for Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport.


Question: who plays poussey from orange is the new black

Answer: Samira Wiley

This is a document about Samira Wiley
 "Out" magazine's "OUT100" for 2017 in recognition of her work and her visibility. Samira Wiley Samira Denise Wiley (born April 15, 1987) is an American actress and model. She is best known for playing Poussey Washington in the Netflix series "Orange Is the New Black" and for playing Moira in the Hulu series "The Handmaid's Tale", for which she won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series in 2018. Wiley was raised in Washington, D.C. Her parents, Christine and Dennis W. Wiley, are the co-pastors of Covenant Baptist United Church of Christ. Wiley's parents have

This is a document about Media and LGBTQ youth of colour in the United States
 homeless LGBT youth are people of colour. The documentary follows Beniah, Noel, Giovanno, Benjamin, Danielle and Zaykeem over and 18-month period; Noel and Danielle are women. Netflix’s "Orange Is the New Black" includes a number of characters who identify as LGBT or question their sexuality in the penitentiary. Poussey Washington (Samira Wiley) is a black lesbian who was open about her sexuality before her incarceration. During the series, she develops a relationship with Brook Soso (Kimiko Glenn). Although Brook dated men before entering prison, she pursues a relationship with her fellow inmate. Sophia Burset (Laverne Cox) is a trans woman

This is a document about Danielle Brooks
 the show for only two episodes, but ended up being written into the rest of the first season and then into the seasons that followed. Taystee's on-screen best friend Poussey is played by Samira Wiley, with whom Brooks has been friends since they met while studying together at Juilliard. Brooks' performance in "Orange Is the New Black" has been praised by critics, with one writer from "The Daily Beast" calling her "the breakout actress of the show and one of the most refreshing and exciting new talents of 2013." Brooks was upgraded from a recurring cast member to a series

This is a document about Samira Wiley
 Samira Wiley Samira Denise Wiley (born April 15, 1987) is an American actress and model. She is best known for playing Poussey Washington in the Netflix series "Orange Is the New Black" and for playing Moira in the Hulu series "The Handmaid's Tale", for which she won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series in 2018. Wiley was raised in Washington, D.C. Her parents, Christine and Dennis W. Wiley, are the co-pastors of Covenant Baptist United Church of Christ. Wiley's parents have been referred to as "pillars of the LGBT religious community," as the Covenant

This is a document about Poussey Washington
  Poussey Washington is a fictional character played by Samira Wiley on the Netflix series Orange Is the New Black. She is a recurring character in the first two seasons and a main character during the third and fourth seasons.

This is a document about Samira Wiley
  Samira Denise Wiley (born April 15, 1987) is an American actress. She is best known for her starring role as Poussey Washington in the Netflix comedy-drama series Orange Is the New Black (2013–2019) and as Moira in the Hulu dystopian drama series The Handmaid's Tale (2017–present), for which she won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series. Wiley also had starring roles in such film as The Sitter (2011), Nerve (2016), Detroit (2017), and Social Animals (2018). She also narrated the Netflix documentary Night on Earth (2020).

This is a document about List of Orange Is the New Black characters
  ; The Poussey Washington Fund introduced in the series finale was announced as a real-life initiative to help formerly incarcerated women after they are released from prison. Poussey Washington (played by Samira Wiley) – An often good-natured and joking inmate, who is best friends with Taystee. During the first-season finale, she is revealed to have a great singing voice, and performs an improvised rendition of Amazing Grace. Flashbacks during the second season revealed that she is a military brat and that her father James, who was an officer in the United States Army, was stationed at United States Army Garrison Hohenfels, Germany

This is a document about Poussey Washington
  Wiley was first told about the auditions for Orange is the New Black by a friend from Juilliard, Marco Ramirez, who was a writer for the show. After she discovered that another Juilliard friend, Danielle Brooks, had won a role in the show, Wiley asked Brooks to rehearse lines with her to prepare for her audition for the role of Poussey Washington, the on-screen best friend of Brooks' character, Tasha "Taystee" Jefferson. Wiley's audition was ultimately successful; she appeared in 12 out of 13 episodes of the series' first season and was featured throughout the second season. Orange Is the New Black is Wiley's first time as a series regular. Wiley stated that she bartended while filming the first season because she didn't know if she would continue to work with the show, mentioning a previous show that she was listed as "recurring" and not being asked to return after the second episode.

This is a document about Crazy Eyes (Orange Is the New Black)
  As she rebounds from her unrequited love for Chapman, Suzanne is befriended by veteran inmate Yvonne "Vee" Parker (Lorraine Toussaint) as Vee develops her powerbase in the prison. Vee takes advantage of Suzanne's desperation for affection, and Suzanne becomes Vee's fanatically loyal right-hand woman. Suzanne serves Vee as muscle, even beating up her friend Poussey Washington (Samira Wiley) on Vee's orders. When Vee attacks prison matriarch Galina "Red" Reznikov (Kate Mulgrew) and puts her in the hospital ward, she manipulates Suzanne into believing that she committed the crime. Suzanne gives a statement to prison officials confessing to the attack, but inmate counselor Sam Healy (Michael J. Harney) produces evidence that exonerates

This is a document about Poussey Washington
  The New Yorker television critic Emily Nussbaum mentions the online outrage and grief among viewers to her death. Nussbaum then states that Poussey's death "was an earned tragedy, resonant for reasons beyond simply “sending a message” about the Black Lives Matter movement" and that "Poussey was educated, world-travelled, and middle-class, but she died as any black inmate might, as a cipher crushed by a racist system." Fellow cast members were reportedly outraged over series creator Jenji Kohan's decision to kill off Poussey in the fourth season. Kohan spoke about the difficulty of killing her off and the reaction of the cast, but stated that she felt it was a story that needed to be told. Wiley's costars Danielle Brooks and Uzo Aduba spoke on the impact Poussey had on the Black Lives Matter movement.

This is a document about Danielle Brooks
  After graduating from Juilliard, Brooks won roles in two theater productions: the Shakespeare Theatre Company's Servant of Two Masters, and Blacken the Bubble. She left both productions in 2013 to join the cast of the Netflix-produced television series Orange Is the New Black, a show about a women's prison, based on Piper Kerman's memoir of the same name. Brooks played as Tasha "Taystee" Jefferson. Her character originally was intended to be featured in the show for only two episodes, but was written into the rest of the first season and subsequent seasons. Taystee's onscreen best friend Poussey is played by Samira Wiley, with whom Brooks has been friends since they met while studying together at Juilliard. Brooks' performance on the

This is a document about Poussey Washington
  Series creator Jenji Kohan partnered with several non-profit organizations and GoFundMe to start the Poussey Washington Fund, named for Wiley's character Poussey, to assist with female inmates and immigrants. Composed of eight different groups, the stated goals of the fund are to benefit "criminal justice reform, protecting immigrants' rights, ending mass incarceration and supporting women who have been affected by it." The Poussey Washington Fund was announced by Wiley during a video that appeared at Orange is the New Black's final premiere and was officially started when the seventh season debuted.

This is a document about Poussey Washington
  Poussey is first seen in the second episode. However, her character is not properly mentioned until the third episode. She has been in prison for two years at the start of the series, with four years to go. She is almost always shown with Tasha "Taystee" Jefferson (Danielle Brooks), either supporting her or messing around together. When Taystee is granted release on parole, Poussey becomes upset and agitated when she doesn't speak to Taystee before her release. As Taystee is being released, Poussey tries to get her attention; she catches her eye and Taystee does a little dance, which Poussey laughs at through the window.

This is a document about Samira Wiley
  Wiley's first major acting role was in the comedy film The Sitter (2011). In 2011, Wiley played Maria in a theater production of Love's Labour's Lost by The Public Theater. When the Netflix television series Orange Is the New Black —based on Piper Kerman's memoir of the same name— came into development, Wiley was told about the auditions by a friend from Juilliard, Marco Ramirez, who was a writer for the show. After discovering that another Juilliard friend, Danielle Brooks, had won a role in the show, Wiley asked Brooks to rehearse lines with her to prepare for her audition for the role of Poussey Washington, the on-screen best friend of Brooks' character. Wiley's audition was ultimately successful;

This is a document about Media and LGBT youth of colour in the United States
  Netflix's Orange Is the New Black includes a number of characters who identify as LGBT or question their sexuality in the penitentiary. Poussey Washington (Samira Wiley) is a black lesbian who was open about her sexuality before her incarceration. During the series, she develops a relationship with Brook Soso (Kimiko Glenn). Although Brook dated men before entering prison, she pursues a relationship with her fellow inmate. Sophia Burset (Laverne Cox) is a trans woman who is harassed and struggles to obtain her necessary hormones. ABC Family's Pretty Little Liars has a main character—Emily Fields (the multiracial Shay Mitchell)—who is in a relationship with a black lesbian, Maya St. Germain (Bianca

This is a document about Nicky Nichols
  Nicole Nichols is a fictional character played by Natasha Lyonne on the Netflix series Orange Is the New Black. She is a recurring character in season one and a main character from season two onwards. Lyonne received an Emmy nomination in 2014 for the role.

This is a document about Bisexuality
  In the Netflix original series Orange is the New Black the main character, Piper Chapman, played by actress Taylor Schilling, is a bisexual female inmate who is shown having relationships with both men and women. In season one, before entering the prison, Piper is engaged to male fiancé Larry Bloom, played by actor Jason Biggs. Then, upon entering the prison, she reconnects with former lover (and fellow inmate), Alex Vause, played by Laura Prepon. Another character who is portrayed as bisexual in the show is an inmate named Lorna Morello, played by actress Yael Stone. She has an intimate relationship with fellow inmate Nicky Nichols, played by Natasha Lyonne, while still yearning for her male "fiance", Christopher

This is a document about Poussey Washington
  mother died during her second year in prison, as revealed in the twelfth episode. Poussey is a good-natured jokester and is revealed to have a good heart; when Tricia Miller (Madeline Brewer) dies, she gives her friends a bottle of her prison-made toilet hooch to help them mourn their loss. When Taystee is re-incarcerated due to a parole violation, Poussey becomes visibly annoyed, but they nonetheless quickly resume their friendship. She is revealed to have a good singing voice in the Christmas play, where she sings a rendition of "Amazing Grace" with Taystee and Cindy "Black Cindy" Hayes (Adrienne C. Moore) during a Christmas performance.

This is a document about Poussey Washington
  It is implied that Poussey is romantically in love with her best friend Taystee, but the feelings are not mutual. This is explored throughout the season. Poussey is approached by Yvonne "Vee" Parker (Lorraine Toussaint) about selling her prison-made toilet hooch, Poussey rejects the idea as she prefers to share it with her friends. Vee takes this as an insult and punishes Poussey over this perceived lack of loyalty and loss of potential business by exploiting her unreciprocated romantic feelings for Taystee to isolate her from the tribe, causing a rift in their relationship. Poussey is one of the few black inmates that does not fall for Vee's manipulation tactics and she begins a campaign to fight Vee's influence and actions throughout the season.

Samira Wiley plays Poussey from "Orange Is the New Black."


Question: when did congress expand the voting rights act to cover language minorities

Answer: 1975

This is a document about Amendments to the Voting Rights Act of 1965
 provisions were extended for five years in 1970, seven years in 1975, and 25 years in both 1982 and 2006. In 1970 and 1975, Congress also expanded the coverage formula, supplementing it with new 1968 and 1972 trigger dates. Coverage was further enlarged in 1975 when Congress expanded the meaning of "tests or devices" to encompass any jurisdiction that provided English-only election information, such as ballots, if the jurisdiction had a single language minority group that constituted more than five percent of the jurisdiction's voting-age citizens. These expansions brought numerous jurisdictions into coverage, including many located outside of the South.

This is a document about Amendments to the Voting Rights Act of 1965
 To ease the burdens of the reauthorized special provisions, Congress liberalized the bailout procedure in 1982, allowing covered jurisdictions to escape coverage by upholding the voting rights of protected minorities and affirmatively acting to expand minority political participation. In addition to reauthorizing the special provisions and expanding coverage, Congress amended and added several other provisions to the Act. For instance, Congress expanded the original ban on "tests or devices" to apply nationwide in 1970, and in 1975, Congress made the ban permanent. Separately, in 1975 Congress expanded the Act's scope to protect language minorities from voting discrimination. Congress defined "language

This is a document about Voting Rights Act of 1965
 to apply nationwide in 1970, and in 1975, Congress made the ban permanent. Separately, in 1975 Congress expanded the Act's scope to protect language minorities from voting discrimination. Congress defined "language minority" to mean "persons who are American Indian, Asian American, Alaskan Natives or of Spanish heritage." Congress amended various provisions, such as the preclearance requirement and Section 2's general prohibition of discriminatory voting laws, to prohibit discrimination against language minorities. Congress also enacted a bilingual election requirement in Section 203, which requires election officials in certain jurisdictions with large numbers of English-illiterate language minorities to provide ballots and voting

This is a document about Timeline of Latino civil rights in the United States
 requires school districts to take action to overcome barriers to students' equal participation. In 1975 Congress voted to expand the U.S. Voting Rights act, which was passed in 1965. The 975 amendments to the act expanded voting rights for minority groups that had traditionally fallen outside the Act's protections. Civil rights organizations representing Hispanic Americans and other minority groups argued that these groups faced discriminatory voting practices because English was not their dominant language. Thus, the act helped establish the requirement of language assistance at polling locations. Doe v. Plyer was a supreme court case regarding the right of free

This is a document about Amendments to the Voting Rights Act of 1965
 Amendments to the Voting Rights Act of 1965 Congress enacted major amendments to the Voting Rights Act of 1965 in 1970, 1975, 1982, 1992, and 2006. Each of these amendments coincided with an impending expiration of some of the Act's special provisions, which originally were set to expire by 1970. However, in recognition of the voting discrimination that continued despite the Act, Congress repeatedly amended the Act to reauthorize the special provisions. In each of these amendments except for the 1992 amendments, Congress extended the special provisions that were tied to the coverage formula, such as the preclearance requirement. These

This is a document about Amendments to the Voting Rights Act of 1965
 family members of Martin Luther King Jr. and Rosa Parks, the reverends Al Sharpton and Jesse Jackson, NAACP Chairman Julian Bond, and other civil rights leaders. Amendments to the Voting Rights Act of 1965 Congress enacted major amendments to the Voting Rights Act of 1965 in 1970, 1975, 1982, 1992, and 2006. Each of these amendments coincided with an impending expiration of some of the Act's special provisions, which originally were set to expire by 1970. However, in recognition of the voting discrimination that continued despite the Act, Congress repeatedly amended the Act to reauthorize the special provisions. In each

This is a document about Vilma Socorro Martínez
 when she directed a program that helped secure an extension of the Voting Rights Act to include Mexican Americans among the groups it protected, overcoming skepticism from both traditional, white conservative groups as well as the NAACP (whose director, Clarence Mitchell, maintained that expanding the Voting Rights Act to include other groups could weaken its protection of blacks). Martínez, however, secured support from other African American groups, most notably the Congressional Black Caucus, and in 1975, Congress agreed to extend the existing provisions of the Voting Rights Act to include Mexican Americans. Martínez also helped obtain a 1974 ruling guaranteeing

This is a document about Timeline of Latino civil rights in the United States
  In 1975 Congress voted to expand the U.S. Voting Rights act, which was passed in 1965. The 975 amendments to the act expanded voting rights for minority groups that had traditionally fallen outside the Act's protections. Civil rights organizations representing Hispanic Americans and other minority groups argued that these groups faced discriminatory voting practices because English was not their dominant language. Thus, the act helped establish the requirement of language assistance at polling locations.

This is a document about Voting Rights Act of 1965
  coverage, Congress amended and added several other provisions to the Act. For instance, Congress expanded the original ban on "tests or devices" to apply nationwide in 1970, and in 1975, Congress made the ban permanent. Separately, in 1975 Congress expanded the Act's scope to protect language minorities from voting discrimination. Congress defined "language minority" to mean "persons who are American Indian, Asian American, Alaskan Natives or of Spanish heritage." Congress amended various provisions, such as the preclearance requirement and Section 2's general prohibition of discriminatory voting laws, to prohibit discrimination against language minorities. Congress also enacted a bilingual election requirement in Section 203, which

This is a document about Amendments to the Voting Rights Act of 1965
  voting laws, to prohibit discrimination against language minorities. Congress also enacted a bilingual election requirement in Section 203, which requires election officials in certain jurisdictions with large numbers of English-illiterate language minorities to provide ballots and voting information in the language of the language minority group. Originally set to expire after 10 years, Congress reauthorized Section 203 in 1982 for seven years, expanded and reauthorized it in 1992 for 15 years, and reauthorized it in 2006 for 25 years. The bilingual election requirements have remained controversial, with proponents arguing that bilingual assistance is necessary to enable recently naturalized citizens to vote and opponents arguing that the bilingual

This is a document about Amendments to the Voting Rights Act of 1965
  rights of protected minorities and affirmatively acting to expand minority political participation. In addition to reauthorizing the special provisions and expanding coverage, Congress amended and added several other provisions to the Act. For instance, Congress expanded the original ban on "tests or devices" to apply nationwide in 1970, and in 1975, Congress made the ban permanent. Separately, in 1975 Congress expanded the Act's scope to protect language minorities from voting discrimination. Congress defined "language minority" to include "persons who are American Indian, Asian American, Alaskan Natives or of Spanish heritage." Congress amended various provisions, such as the Section 5 preclearance requirement and Section 2 general prohibition of

This is a document about Amendments to the Voting Rights Act of 1965
  As the bilingual election requirement in Section 203(c) neared expiration in 1992, Congress considered legislation to extend and expand it. Representative José E. Serrano (D-NY) introduced legislation, dubbed the Voting Rights Language Assistance Act of 1992, to extend the provision for 15 years, making its term coterminous with the other special provisions scheduled to expire in 2007. The legislation also expanded the coverage formula and the Section 203(c) bilingual election requirement to cover jurisdictions containing at least 10,000 persons of any one of the covered language minorities. This reached major cities such as Philadelphia, San Francisco, and Los Angeles. Finally, in recognition of "the historical fact that reservation boundaries predate and therefore often do not correspond to State or county lines," the legislation created an alternative coverage formula for Native American language-minority voters living on Indian reservations. This legislation received

This is a document about Amendments to the Voting Rights Act of 1965
  Congressional opposition than the 1982 amendments did, most of it from Republicans. Proponents argued that the lack of bilingual assistance hindered recently naturalized citizens from exercising their voting rights and that the country had a history of acceptance toward linguistic pluralism. Opponents argued that the Voting Rights Act was never meant to protect language minorities and that the bilingual assistance provision was a costly unfunded mandate. Opponents proposed several amendments to weaken the legislation, including limiting the extension to 5 years, requiring the federal government to pay for the bilingual voting materials, and completely removing the bilingual provisions. These amendments failed, and Congress passed the legislation with mostly Democratic support; the House passed it by a 237–125 vote, and the Senate passed it by a 75–20 vote. President George H. W. Bush signed the legislation on August 26, 1992.

This is a document about Amendments to the Voting Rights Act of 1965
  Congress enacted major amendments to the Voting Rights Act of 1965 in 1970, 1975, 1982, 1992, and 2006. Each of these amendments coincided with an impending expiration of some of the Act's special provisions, which originally were set to expire by 1970. However, in recognition of the voting discrimination that continued despite the Act, Congress repeatedly amended the Act to reauthorize the special provisions. In each of these amendments except for the 1992 amendments, Congress extended the special provisions that were tied to the coverage formula, such as the preclearance requirement. These provisions were extended for five years in 1970, seven years in 1975, and 25 years in

This is a document about Amendments to the Voting Rights Act of 1965
  seven years to avoid having to reconsider the special provisions during the 1980s reapportionment process. Relatedly, Congress amended the bailout provision to require covered jurisdictions seeking bailout to prove that they had not used a test or device in a discriminatory manner in the 17-year period preceding their bailout request. Congress also expanded the coverage formula by adding new dates in 1972 as triggering dates, which brought more jurisdictions into coverage. Furthermore, Congress made permanent the nationwide prohibition on tests or devices. The 1975 amendments also expanded voting rights for minority groups that traditionally had fallen outside the Act's protections. Civil rights organizations representing Hispanic, Asian American, Native Alaskan, and Native American interests argued before Congress that such groups often were

This is a document about Voting Rights Act of 1965
  election officials in certain jurisdictions with large numbers of English-illiterate language minorities to provide ballots and voting information in the language of the language minority group. Originally set to expire after 10 years, Congress reauthorized Section 203 in 1982 for seven years, expanded and reauthorized it in 1992 for 15 years, and reauthorized it in 2006 for 25 years. The bilingual election requirements have remained controversial, with proponents arguing that bilingual assistance is necessary to enable recently naturalized citizens to vote and opponents arguing that the bilingual election requirements constitute costly unfunded mandates. Several of the amendments responded to judicial rulings with which Congress

This is a document about Women's poll tax repeal movement
  precondition to voting". In other words, the Voting Rights Act gave federal oversight to election procedures, enabling the attorney general to challenge the use of disenfranchising provisions, such as poll taxes and literacy tests, on the grounds that they were discriminatory. Using that power, in 1966 the federal courts nullified the remaining state statutes in Alabama, Mississippi, and Texas which required the payment of poll taxes as a prerequisite for voting. In 1975, under pressure from the Chicano movement, the Voting Rights Act's protections were extended to cover linguistic minorities, including American Indians, Asian Americans, Native Alaskans, and Hispanic and Latino Americans.

This is a document about Voting Rights Act of 1965
  The Voting Rights Act of 1965 was introduced in Congress on March 17, 1965, as S. 1564, and it was jointly sponsored by Senate majority leader Mike Mansfield (D-MT) and Senate minority leader Everett Dirksen (R-IL), both of whom had worked with Attorney General Katzenbach to draft the bill's language. Although Democrats held two-thirds of the seats in both chambers of Congress after the 1964 Senate elections, Johnson worried that Southern Democrats would filibuster the legislation because they had opposed other civil rights efforts. He enlisted Dirksen to help gain Republican support. Dirksen did not originally intend to support voting rights legislation

This is a document about Voting Rights Act of 1965
  Coverage was further enlarged in 1975 when Congress expanded the meaning of "tests or devices" to encompass any jurisdiction that provided English-only election information, such as ballots, if the jurisdiction had a single language minority group that constituted more than five percent of the jurisdiction's voting-age citizens. These expansions brought numerous jurisdictions into coverage, including many outside of the South. To ease the burdens of the reauthorized special provisions, Congress liberalized the bailout procedure in 1982 by allowing jurisdictions to escape coverage by complying with the Act and affirmatively acting to expand minority political participation. In addition to reauthorizing the original special provisions and

Congress expanded the Voting Rights Act to cover language minorities in 1975.


Question: when did social security begin in the us

Answer: August 14 , 1935

This is a document about History of Social Security in the United States
 History of Social Security in the United States A limited form of the Social Security program began as a measure to implement "social insurance" during the Great Depression of the 1930s, when poverty rates among senior citizens exceeded 50 percent. The Social Security Act was enacted August 14, 1935. The Act was drafted during President Franklin D. Roosevelt's first term by the President's Committee on Economic Security, under Frances Perkins, and passed by Congress as part of the New Deal. The Act was an attempt to limit what were seen as dangers in the modern American life, including old age,

This is a document about Social Security Act
 Social Security Act The Social Security Act of 1935 , now codified as , created Social Security in the United States, and is relevant for US labor law. It created a basic right to a pension in old age, and insurance against unemployment. In the Second New Deal, the Social Security Act was signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on August 14, 1935. The act laid the groundwork for the modern welfare system in the United States, with its primary focus to provide aid for the elderly, the unemployed, and children. Industrialization and the urbanization in the 19th

This is a document about Social Security Trust Fund
  The Social Security system is primarily a pay-as-you-go system, meaning that payments to current retirees come from current payments into the system. The program was initially established in 1935 in response to the Great Depression. The first to file for Social Security was Ida Mae Fuller in 1940. Miss Fuller paid $24.75 in taxes during her three years working under the social security program, and drew an aggregate of $22,889 in benefits before passing at age 100. This represents a ratio of $925 in benefits for every dollar she paid into the program. In 1977, President Jimmy Carter and the 95th Congress

This is a document about History of Social Security in the United States
  A limited form of the Social Security program began as a measure to implement "social insurance" during the Great Depression of the 1930s, when poverty rates among senior citizens exceeded 50 percent.  The Social Security Act was enacted August 14, 1935. The Act was drafted during President Franklin D. Roosevelt's first term by the President's Committee on Economic Security, under Frances Perkins, and passed by Congress as part of the New Deal. The Act was an attempt to limit what were seen as dangers in the modern American life, including old age, poverty, unemployment, and the burdens of widows and fatherless children. By signing this Act on August

This is a document about Social Security Administration
   The Social Security Act created a Social Security Board (SSB), to oversee the administration of the new program. It was created as part of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal with the signing of the Social Security Act of 1935 on August 14, 1935. The Board consisted of three presidentially appointed executives, and started with no budget, no staff, and no furniture. It obtained a temporary budget from the Federal Emergency Relief Administration headed by Harry Hopkins. The first counsel for the new agency was Thomas Elliott, one of Felix Frankfurter's "happy hot dogs". The first Social Security office opened in Austin, Texas, on October 14, 1936. Social Security taxes were first collected in January 1937, along with the first one-time, lump-sum payments. The first person to receive monthly retirement benefits was Ida May Fuller of Brattleboro, Vermont. Her first check, dated

This is a document about Social Security (United States)
  Administration ; 2003 Voluntary drug benefits with supplemental Medicare insurance payments from recipients added ; 2009 No Social Security Benefits for Prisoners Act of 2009 signed. Social Security timeline A limited form of the Social Security program began, during President Franklin D. Roosevelt's first term, as a measure to implement "social insurance" during the Great Depression of the 1930s. The Act was an attempt to limit unforeseen and unprepared-for dangers in modern life, including old age, disability, poverty, unemployment, and the burdens of widow(er)s with and without children. Opponents, however, decried the proposal as socialism. In a Senate Finance Committee hearing, Senator Thomas Gore

This is a document about Social Security number
  Social Security numbers were first issued by the Social Security Administration in November 1935 as part of the New Deal Social Security program. Within three months, 25 million numbers were issued. On November 24, 1936, 1,074 of the nation's 45,000 post offices were designated "typing centers" to type up Social Security cards that were then sent to Washington, D.C. On December 1, 1936, as part of the publicity campaign for the new program, Joseph L. Fay of the Social Security Administration selected a record from the top of the first stack of 1,000 records and announced that the first Social Security number in history was assigned to John David Sweeney, Jr., of New Rochelle,

This is a document about Social Security Act
  an old-age pension program, an unemployment insurance system, and a national health care program. The proposal for a national health care system was dropped, but the committee developed an unemployment insurance program that would be largely administered by the states. The committee also developed an old-age plan; at Roosevelt's insistence, it would be funded by individual contributions from workers. In January 1935, Roosevelt proposed the Social Security Act, which he presented as a more practical alternative to the Townsend Plan. After a series of congressional hearings, the Social Security Act became law in August 1935. During the congressional debate over Social Security, the program was expanded to provide payments to widows and dependents of Social Security

This is a document about Social Security Act
  Social Security Act into law on August 14, 1935. The act was upheld by the Supreme Court in two major cases decided in 1937. The law established the Social Security program. The old-age program is funded by payroll taxes, and over the ensuing decades, it contributed to a dramatic decline in poverty among the elderly, and spending on Social Security became a major part of the federal budget. The Social Security Act also established an unemployment insurance program administered by the states and the Aid to Dependent Children program, which provided aid to families headed by single mothers. The law was later amended by acts such as the Social Security Amendments of 1965, which established two major healthcare programs: Medicare and Medicaid.

This is a document about Social Security (United States)
  In the United States, Social Security is the commonly used term for the federal Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program and is administered by the Social Security Administration. The original Social Security Act was signed into law by Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1935, and the current version of the Act, as amended, encompasses several social welfare and social insurance programs. The average monthly Social Security benefit for December 2019 was $1,382. The total cost of the Social Security program for the year 2019 was $1.059 trillion or about 5 percent of U.S. GDP for 2019. Social Security is funded primarily through payroll taxes called Federal Insurance Contributions Act tax (FICA) or Self Employed Contributions Act Tax (SECA). Wage and salary

This is a document about Social Security (United States)
 1935 The 37-page Social Security Act signed August 14 by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. The legislation included Unemployment Insurance, Aid to Dependent Children, Old Age Insurance (OAI), and Old Age Assistance (OAA). The old age insurance program gradually developed into the Old Age Survivors and Disability Insurance program, which is what Americans typically associate "Social Security" with. ; 1936 The new Social Security Board contracts the Post Office Department in late November to distribute and collect applications. ; 1937 More than twenty million Social Security Cards issued. Ernest Ackerman receives first lump-sum payout (17 cents) in January. ; 1939 Two new categories of beneficiaries added:

This is a document about Federal Security Agency
  employment for American youth and advance conservation of the Nation's natural resources. It operated from April 5, 1933, until June 30, 1942. During that time, the CCC provided work training to 3 million men and advanced conservation by more than 25 years. It was an independent agency until it came to FSA. ; The Nation's social security and public assistance programs also were born during the Depression with approval of the Social Security Act on August 14, 1935. The initial Act of 1935 established the Social Security Board to administer Titles I, II, III, IV, and X of the Act. It remained an independent organization until its transfer to FSA. The Social

This is a document about Pension
  the Civil War. They were expanded greatly, and began to be offered by a number of state and local governments during the early Progressive Era in the late nineteenth century. Federal civilian pensions were offered under the Civil Service Retirement System (CSRS), formed in 1920. CSRS provided retirement, disability and survivor benefits for most civilian employees in the US Federal government, until the creation of a new Federal agency, the Federal Employees Retirement System (FERS), in 1987. Pension plans became popular in the United States during World War II, when wage freezes prohibited outright increases in workers' pay. The defined benefit plan had been the most popular and common type of

This is a document about Supplemental Security Income
  unfair. President Nixon signed the Social Security Amendments of 1972 on October 30, 1972 which created the SSI Program. The SSI program officially began operations in January 1974 by federalizing states' programs, designating the Social Security Administration (SSA) to administer the SSI program. SSA was selected because it had been administering a nationwide adult disability program under the Social Security Disability Insurance Benefits (DIB) program since 1956 for workers who are insured through their payroll deduction under the Old Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) programs associated with Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) payroll taxes. The initial benefit levels for SSI in 1972 were approximately

This is a document about History of insurance
  it was planned that it would be funded by a fixed amount each from workers, employers, and taxpayers. It was restricted to particular industries, cyclical/seasonal industries like construction of ships, and neither made any provision for dependants. By 1913, 2.3 million were insured under the scheme for unemployment benefit and almost 15 million insured for sickness benefit. This system was greatly expanded after the Second World War under the influence of the Beveridge Report, to form the first modern welfare state. In the United States, until the passage of the Social Security Act in 1935, the federal government did not mandate any form of insurance upon the nation as a whole. With the passage of the Act, the

This is a document about Welfare culture
  Kent R. Weaver argues that most scholars cite the Social Security Act of 1935 as the origin of the American welfare state. That reform enacted a wide expanse of services for the poor and financially stressed, including unemployment benefits, Aid to Families with Dependent Children (later replaced in by the Temporary Assistance to Needy Families program under the Clinton administration ), retirement income stipends, subsidized housing, and many others. Scholars such as June Axinn and Mark J. Stern (2007) estimate that the Social Security Act of 1935 and the newly institutionalized programs accompanying the New Deal increased the capacity to find employment, avoid starvation, and secure some

This is a document about History of retirement
  was also labelled a 'socialist' for introducing these government programs. To this, Bismarck replied, "Call it socialism or whatever you like. It is the same to me." The German welfare program provided contributory retirement benefits and disability benefits. Participation in the retirement system was mandatory and contributions were taken from the employee, the employer and the government. In the mid-1800s certain United States municipal employees, including firefighters, police and teachers, started receiving public pensions. In 1875, the American Express Company began to offer private pensions. By the 1920s, a variety of American industries, from railroads to oil to banking, began offering pensions.

This is a document about Social Security Administration
  31, 1940 was in the amount of US$22.54. In 1939, the Social Security Board merged into a cabinet-level Federal Security Agency, which included the SSB, the U.S. Public Health Service, the Civilian Conservation Corps, and other agencies. In January 1940, the first regular ongoing monthly benefits began. In 1946, the SSB was renamed the Social Security Administration under President Harry S. Truman's Reorganization Plan. In 1953, the Federal Security Agency was abolished and SSA was placed under the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, which became the Department of Health and Human Services in 1980. In 1994, President Bill Clinton amended non-positive law and returned SSA to the status of an independent agency in the executive branch of government. In 1972, Cost of Living Adjustments (COLAs) were introduced into SSA programs to deal with the effects of inflation on fixed incomes.

This is a document about Social Security (United States)
  the ultimate benefit is based on the amount in that account at the time of retirement. Some have proposed that the Social Security system be modified to provide for the option of individual accounts (in effect, to make the system, at least in part, more like a defined contribution pension plan). Specifically, on February 2, 2005, President George W. Bush made Social Security a prominent theme of his State of the Union Address. He described the Social Security system as "headed for bankruptcy", and outlined, in general terms, a proposal based on partial privatization. Critics responded that privatization would require huge new government borrowing to fund benefit payments during

This is a document about Nursing home care in the United States
  In the United States, the national social insurance program Medicare, was established by the U.S. federal government in 1965, which guaranteed access to health insurance for Americans aged 65 and older. This program prompted many new nursing homes to be set up in the following years, although private nursing homes were already being built from the 1930s as a consequence of the Great Depression and the Social Security Act of 1935. Medicaid, the Nation's poverty program, often funds programs such as nursing beds as residents may be "impoverished" to access the facility. In 1987, a report examined the nursing home

Social Security began in the United States on August 14, 1935, when President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the Social Security Act into law. The first retirement benefits were paid in January 1940.