Question: what is the last name of the current english royal family

Answer: Mountbatten - Windsor

This is a document about British royal family
 royal family belong, either by birth or by marriage, to the House of Windsor. Senior titled members of the royal family do not usually use a surname, although since 1960 Mountbatten-Windsor, incorporating Prince Philip's adopted surname of Mountbatten, has been prescribed as a surname for Elizabeth II's direct descendants who do not have royal styles and titles, and it has sometimes been used when required for those who do have such titles. The royal family are regarded as British cultural icons, with young adults from abroad naming the family among a group of people that they most associated with UK

This is a document about British royal family
 The core of the royal family is made up of Queen Elizabeth II; Charles, Prince of Wales; Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall; Prince William, Duke of Cambridge; Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge; Anne, Princess Royal; Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex; and Sophie, Countess of Wessex. They carry out royal duties full-time. Lower profile relatives who perform some duties are Prince Edward, Duke of Kent; Princess Alexandra; Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester; and Birgitte, Duchess of Gloucester. Other members of the royal family with royal rank who do not carry out official duties are Prince Andrew, Duke of York; Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex;

This is a document about Dukes in the United Kingdom
 Duke of Lancaster, held by Elizabeth II ; Duke of Cornwall (England), Duke of Rothesay (Scotland) and Duke of Edinburgh (United Kingdom), held by Prince Charles, Prince of Wales ; Duke of Cambridge held by Prince William ; Duke of Sussex held by Prince Harry ; Duke of York, held by Prince Andrew ; Duke of Gloucester, held by Prince Richard ; Duke of Kent, held by Prince Edward (who should not be confused with the Earl of Wessex) A royal duke is a duke who is a member of the British royal family, entitled to the style of "His Royal Highness". The current royal dukedoms are, in order of precedence of their holders (that is, not in order

This is a document about History of the English and British line of succession
 1) Charles, Prince of Wales (b. 1948), eldest son of Elizabeth II ; 2) Prince William, Duke of Cambridge (b. 1982), elder son of the Prince of Wales ; 3) Prince George of Cambridge (b. 2013), eldest child of the Duke of Cambridge ; 4) Princess Charlotte of Cambridge (b. 2015), second child of the Duke of Cambridge ; 5) Prince Louis of Cambridge (b. 2018), third child of the Duke of Cambridge ; 6) Prince Henry, Duke of Sussex (b. 1984), younger son of the Prince of Wales ; 7) Archie Mountbatten-Windsor (b. 2019), elder child of the Duke of Sussex ; 8) Lilibet Mountbatten-Windsor (b. 2021), younger child of the Duke of Sussex ; 9) Prince Andrew, Duke of York (b. 1960), second son of Elizabeth II ; 10) Princess Beatrice, Mrs Edoardo Mapelli Mozzi (b. 1988), elder daughter of the Duke of York Currently, the line of succession to the British throne is:

This is a document about British royal family
  Duchess of Sussex; Princess Beatrice; Princess Eugenie; Katharine, Duchess of Kent; and Prince and Princess Michael of Kent. The monarchical head of state of the United Kingdom and 14 other Commonwealth realms is Queen Elizabeth II. She is the head of the royal family. She has four children, eight grandchildren, and twelve great-grandchildren. The Lord Chamberlain's "List of the Royal Family" mentions all of George VI's descendants and their spouses (including Sarah, Duchess of York, who is divorced), along with the Queen's cousins with royal rank and their spouses. The Lord Chamberlain's list applies for the purposes of regulating the use

This is a document about Mountbatten-Windsor
  Windsor. In accordance with law and custom in the English-speaking world, the surname Mountbatten-Windsor belongs to all male-line descendants of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, and is used by them if and when a surname is needed. In contrast, male-line descendants of King George V, the first monarch of the House of Windsor, use Windsor as their surname if and when a surname is needed. The surviving male-line descendants are all descendants of the King's sons Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester, and Prince George, Duke of Kent, because King George VI had only daughters (of whom only Queen Elizabeth II is alive) and no

This is a document about List of A Certain Magical Index characters
  down Othinus to take revenge for what she had done to Ollerus and gruesomely beats Tōma to make the Magic God feel how to lose someone she cared for. The British royal family is a family of close relatives of the monarch of the United Kingdom. Queen Elizard, based on the real-life British queen, is the current head of the monarch and Supreme Head of the Church of England. The members of the royal family are magic users for generations as they represent the magic nobility. The family resides in Buckingham Palace but they usually use Windsor Castle as their second home.

This is a document about Style (form of address)
  Styles can be acquired through marriage, although traditionally this applies more to wives of office-holders than to husbands. Thus, in the United Kingdom, Anne, Princess Royal, is styled Her Royal Highness (HRH), her husband, Sir Timothy Laurence, bears no courtesy style by virtue of being her husband (although his mother-in-law, Queen Elizabeth II, has since knighted him), nor do her children bear any title or style, by right or tradition, despite being in the line of succession to the Crown, until 2015 subject to the Royal Marriages Act 1772. In contrast, when Sophie Rhys-Jones married Prince Edward, she became HRH the Countess of Wessex (&c.) and their children are entitled

This is a document about Markle Windsor Foundation
  At the end of July 2020, an official notice to change the name to Markle Windsor Foundation was reportedly withdrawn. Companies House paperwork revealed that a formal name change to 'MWX Foundation' was registered on 5 August 2020. It was later reported that MWX could be an abbreviation for 'Markle Windsor Foundation'. Documents stated that Harry (who is from the House of Windsor), Meghan (née Markle) and the other five directors would change the registered name to 'MWX Foundation' while it was being dissolved. A 'Change of Name' notice was then filed within hours of the details becoming public. On 28 July 2020, a special resolution to wind up

This is a document about Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh
  style His Royal Highness. On the day of their wedding, he was additionally created Duke of Edinburgh, Earl of Merioneth, and Baron Greenwich. Philip left active military service when Elizabeth ascended the throne in 1952, having reached the rank of commander. In 1957, he was created a British prince. Philip had four children with Elizabeth: Charles, Prince of Wales; Anne, Princess Royal; Prince Andrew, Duke of York; and Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex. Through a British Order in Council issued in 1960, descendants of Philip and Elizabeth who do not bear royal titles or styles may use the surname Mountbatten-Windsor. The surname has also been

This is a document about Mountbatten-Windsor
  several generations later when some of Queen Elizabeth II's descendants were further removed from the throne. On the wedding of Prince Edward and Sophie Rhys-Jones in 1999, the Queen decided, with their agreement, that any of their future children should not be styled His or Her Royal Highness. Consequently, the birth of their daughter in 2003 marked the first emergence of the Mountbatten-Windsor surname. Their daughter was named Louise Alice Elizabeth Mary Mountbatten-Windsor, and she goes by the title of Lady Louise Mountbatten-Windsor, her father being the Earl of Wessex. Mountbatten-Windsor differs from the official name of the British royal family, which remains the House

This is a document about Prince William, Duke of Cambridge
  Thus, before becoming a duke when he married, Prince William was styled "Prince William of Wales". Such territorial designations are discarded by women when they marry and by men if they become peers in their own right, such as when Prince William was made a duke. Although the name of the Royal House is Windsor, the surname Mountbatten-Windsor belongs to all the children and male-line descendants of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, and is used, if needed, by those who do not have the style of Royal Highness and the title Prince or Princess; when a female descendant marries, she traditionally takes her husband's surname from that point onward, and their children take their father's. Both Princes William and Harry used Wales as their surname for military purposes; this continues to be the case for William since his creation as Duke of Cambridge.

This is a document about Royal Society of Arts
  • 1755–61 Jacob, Viscount Folkestone • 1761–93 Robert, Lord Romney • 1794–1815 Charles, Duke of Norfolk • 1816–43 Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex • 1843–61 Albert, Prince Consort • 1862 William Tooke • 1863–1901 Albert Edward, Prince of Wales • 1901 Sir Frederick Bramwell • 1901–10 George, Prince of Wales • 1910–10 Richard, Lord Alverstone • 1911–42 Arthur, Duke of Connaught • 1942–43 Sir Edward Crowe • 1943–45 E. F. Armstrong • 1945–47 Richard, Viscount Bennett • 1947–52 Elizabeth, Duchess of Edinburgh • 1952–2011 Philip, Duke of Edinburgh • 2011–present: Anne, Princess Royal

This is a document about House of Wettin
  determine the correct personal surname of her late husband, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha—and, thus, the proper surname of the royal family upon the accession of her son. After extensive research, they concluded that it was Wettin, but this name was never used, either by the Queen or by her son (King Edward VII) or by her grandson (King George V); they were simply Kings of the House of "Saxe-Coburg-Gotha". Severe anti-German sentiment during World War I (1914-1918) led some influential members of the British public (especially radical Republicans such as H. G. Wells ) to question the loyalty of the royal family. Advisors to King George V searched for an acceptable surname for the British royal family, but Wettin was rejected as "unsuitably comic". An Order in Council legally changed the name of the British royal family to "Windsor" (originally suggested by Lord Stamfordham) in 1917.

This is a document about Princess Royal
  Princess Royal is a style customarily (but not automatically) awarded by a British monarch to their eldest daughter. Although purely honorary, it is the highest honour that may be given to a female member of the Royal Family. There have been seven Princesses Royal. Princess Anne is the current Princess Royal. The style Princess Royal came into existence when Queen Henrietta Maria (1609–1669), daughter of Henry IV, King of France, and wife of King Charles I (1600–1649), wanted to imitate the way the eldest daughter of the King of France was styled "Madame Royale". Thus Princess Mary (born 1631), the daughter of Henrietta Maria and Charles, became the first Princess Royal in 1642. It has become established that

This is a document about Court Circular
  Today, the following members of the Royal Family are listed in the Court Circular: Note that the Duke and Duchess of Sussex, the Princess Royal, the Duke of York, and the Earl and Countess of Wessex do not actually reside permanently at Buckingham Palace. However, their offices are based there, and they have use of apartments at the Palaces as a London residence. Prince and Princess Michael of Kent do not appear in the Court Circular as they never carry out official royal engagements on behalf of the Queen. Likewise Princess Beatrice and Princess Eugenie of York do not carry out official royal engagements and do not appear on the Court Circular. There are times they are mentioned,

This is a document about Monarchy of the United Kingdom
  The monarchy of the United Kingdom, commonly referred to as the British monarchy, is the constitutional form of government by which a hereditary sovereign reigns as the head of state of the United Kingdom, the Crown dependencies (the Bailiwick of Guernsey, the Bailiwick of Jersey and the Isle of Man) and the British Overseas Territories. The current monarch is Queen Elizabeth II, who ascended the throne in 1952. The monarch and their immediate family undertake various official, ceremonial, diplomatic and representational duties. As the monarchy is constitutional, the monarch is limited to functions such as bestowing honours and appointing the prime minister, which are

This is a document about Canadian royalty
 Rachel Meghan Markle Mountbatten-Windsor; Meghan, Princess Henry of Wales, Duchess of Sussex ; Henry Charles Albert David Mountbatten-Windsor; His Royal Highness, Prince Henry of Wales, Duke of Sussex, of the House of Windsor ; The Duke and Duchess of Sussex stepped back from royal duties, stopped actively using their HRH stylings and ceased to be representatives of the monarchy, as a result of their decision to become financially independent and move to North America.

This is a document about British royal family
  by marriage do not have the title prefixed to their own name but to their husband's; for example, the wife of Prince Michael of Kent is Princess Michael of Kent. Sons of monarchs are customarily given dukedoms upon marriage, and these peerage titles pass to their eldest sons. Male-line descendants of King George V, including women until they marry, bear the surname Windsor. The surname of the male-line descendants of Queen Elizabeth II, except for women who marry, is Mountbatten-Windsor, reflecting the name taken by her Greek-born husband, Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, upon his naturalisation. A surname is generally not needed by members of the royal family who are entitled to the titles of prince or princess and the style His or Her Royal Highness. Such individuals use surnames on official documents such as marriage registers.

This is a document about Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex
  of the Queen, he will be made Duke of Edinburgh (the title held by Edward's father, Prince Philip, between 1947 and his death in 2021) after that dukedom reverts to the Crown, upon the death of the Queen. Formally however, the title has now been inherited by Prince Philip's eldest son, Prince Charles, and it is his decision as to its subsequent destination. Edward's children are styled as the children of an Earl, rather than as prince/ss and royal highness. He and his wife have two children: Lady Louise Mountbatten-Windsor, born 8 November 2003, and James Mountbatten-Windsor, Viscount Severn, born 17 December 2007. They were born at Frimley Park Hospital in Surrey. They reside at Bagshot Park in Surrey. While their country residence is Bagshot Park, their office and official London residence is based at Buckingham Palace.

The last name of the current English royal family is Mountbatten-Windsor. However, it is important to note that the royal family does not have a single last name as such, as they are all titled with different styles and suffixes. For example, Queen Elizabeth II is styled as "Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith." Therefore, the last name Mountbatten-Windsor is only used for Elizabeth II's direct descend


Question: what is the role of a makeup artist

Answer: applying makeup and prosthetics

This is a document about Make-up artist
 Make-up artist A make-up artist or makeup artist is an artist whose medium is the human body, applying makeup and prosthetics on others for theatre, television, film, fashion, magazines and other similar productions including all aspects of the modeling industry. Awards given for this profession in the entertainment industry include the Academy Award for Best Makeup and Hairstyling and even several entertainment industry awards such as the Emmy Awards and the Golden Globes. In the United States as well as the other parts of the globe, professional licenses are required by agencies in order for them to hire the MUA.

This is a document about Make-up artist
 Bollywood. The issue was resolved with the CCMAA granting Daniel Bauer full membership Make-up artist A make-up artist or makeup artist is an artist whose medium is the human body, applying makeup and prosthetics on others for theatre, television, film, fashion, magazines and other similar productions including all aspects of the modeling industry. Awards given for this profession in the entertainment industry include the Academy Award for Best Makeup and Hairstyling and even several entertainment industry awards such as the Emmy Awards and the Golden Globes. In the United States as well as the other parts of the globe, professional

This is a document about Television crew
 A professional make-up artist is usually a cosmetology beautician, and applies makeup to anyone who appears on screen. They concentrate on the area above the chest, the face, the top of the head, the fingers, hands, arms, and elbows. Their role is to manipulate the actor's on-screen appearance to make them look younger, older, larger, etc. ; Body make-up artists concentrate on the body rather than the head. Make-up itself is substances to enhance the beauty of the human body, but can also change the appearance, disguise, or costume someone. Make-up artists, hair stylists, costume designers, and dress technicians combine their efforts to transform actors into characters, presenters, etc.

This is a document about Film crew
  special effects make-up artist works with live models or structures in the entertainment industry, applying make-up effects or prosthetics. May be an own department that answers directly to the director and production designer or reports to the Key make-up artist. ; Make-up supervisor ; The make-up supervisor is a supporting position that normally reports to the key makeup artist to assist in running the makeup department. Make-up supervisors typically handle production matters and generally serve the needs of senior artists. Makeup supervisors rarely do makeup themselves. Their duties can include keeping a record of makeup continuity, handing the scheduling of makeup teams and providing for the general needs of the makeup department. They are expected to be a connection between the makeup department and the rest

This is a document about Film crew
 Key make-up artist ; The key makeup artist is the department head that answers directly to the director and production designer. They are responsible for planning makeup designs for all leading and supporting cast. Their department includes all cosmetic makeup, body makeup and if special effects are involved, the key make-up artist will consult with a special effects makeup team to create all prosthetics and SFX makeup in a production. It is common that the key makeup artist performs makeup applications on lead cast, with assistance, and allows other crew members to work with supporting and minor roles. The key makeup artist will normally execute especially complicated or important makeup processes that are to be featured on camera. ; Special make-up effects artist (SFX makeup) ;

This is a document about Film crew
  the production departments, making sure that makeup supplies, production assistants or electricians are on hand when needed. ; Make-up artist ; Make-up artists work with makeup, hair and special effects to create the characters look for anyone appearing on screen. They assist and report to the key make-up artist. ; Key hair ; The key hair is the department head that answers directly to the director and production designer. The key hair will normally design and style the hair of lead actors. ; Hair stylist ; The hair stylist is responsible for maintaining and styling the hair, including wigs and extensions, of anyone appearing on screen. They assist and report to the key hair. Some actors or actresses have personal makeup artists or hair stylists.

This is a document about Make-up artist
  A make-up or makeup artist (MUA) is an artist whose medium is the human body, applying makeup and prosthetics on others for theatre, television, film, fashion, magazines and other similar productions including all aspects of the modeling industry. Awards given for this profession in the entertainment industry include the Academy Award for Best Makeup and Hairstyling, and entertainment industry awards such as the Emmy Awards, and the Golden Globes. In some countries professional licenses are required by agencies in order for them to hire the MUA. Bigger production companies have in-house makeup artists on their payroll although most MUA's generally are freelance and their times remain flexible depending on the projects.

This is a document about Theatrical makeup
  Because stage actors are seen from farther away than actors on screen, it is crucial that their makeup is more dramatic and professionally done. Many higher-learning institutions have drama departments where all aspects of theater are taught, including the art of theatrical makeup. Some independent agencies also provide classes in theatrical makeup, and online courses are also available. Through training, makeup artists learn important techniques such as hand-eye coordination, ability to draw straight lines and consistent shapes, creativity, good grooming and personal hygiene habits, etc. Many makeup artists who specialize in theatrical makeup build portfolios to show their clients and employers. Many of them work as freelance makeup artists or work for cosmetics brands in department stores.

This is a document about Lipstick Prince
  A female celebrity guest, or "princess", will talk about what makeup look she'd like to try. The cast members will then learn the makeup style from a professional makeup artist and practice their new skills on mannequins. Thereafter, the idols will apply the makeup to the guest in a tag-team style. The guest will not be able to see what makeup look they have done for her until the end.

This is a document about Make-up artist
  Stage makeup is used as a method in conjunction with stage lighting to highlight the actors' faces in order to make expressions visible to the audience from moderate distances. This often includes defining the eyes and lips as well as the highlights and lowlights of the facial bones.

This is a document about Running crew
 Wardrobe: A "dresser" (who works for Wardrobe) is responsible for maintenance and placement of costumes, as well as assisting performers in getting into and out of costumes. ; Makeup: responsible for applying or assisting in the application of face and body paints, wigs and hairpieces, etc.

This is a document about Theatrical makeup
  Theatrical makeup is makeup that is used to assist in creating the appearance of the characters that actors portray during a theater production.

This is a document about Song Ji-hyo's Beauty View
  Ordinary people are invited as the makeup models on the show. The professional makeup artist uses her brushes and works wonders to show viewers about the fascinating beauty world.

This is a document about BEFFTA Awards
 Best Make-up Artist ; Best Make-up Brand

This is a document about Glossary of comics terminology
  The artist is the person who handles the visuals. This job may be broken down further into:

This is a document about Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Makeup for a Single-Camera Series (Non-Prosthetic)
  Outstanding Individual Achievement in the Visual Arts (Makeup)

This is a document about Make-up artist
  From ethnic, glamorous, to contemporary, makeup artists are an important part of wedding planning in Asia, Europe, Africa, North and Latin America.

This is a document about Glow Up: Britain's Next Make-Up Star
  In the professional assignment, the make-up artists (MUAs) are set a task by the judges, outside of the studio, to follow a brief for something. At the end the challenge, the judges choose one to three challenge winners who stay behind to help with more make up looks. At the end of the professional assignment, the judges will choose a provisional bottom two going into the creative brief. The two people in the "red chairs" are given a 15 minute penalty going into the creative brief. In the creative brief, the MUAs are given a description of the look required. The MUAs are typically given preparation time prior to the challenge. If an MUA in a red chair is successful in the challenge, they have 'Beat The Seat'. Therefore, an MUA who performed less successfully take their place in the Face Off. In the face off, two MUAs take part in a challenge; the challenge content normally focuses on one section of the face, such as recreating an eye look or applying the "perfect lip". The MUA who performs the worst is eliminated, and the other progresses onto the next episode.

This is a document about Theatrical makeup
  Lighting controls makeup to a high degree. Makeup can lose its effectiveness due to incorrect stage lighting. Conversely, skillful lighting can greatly aid the art of makeup. Close communication between the lighting director and the makeup artist is crucial for the best possible effect. Understanding light's effect on makeup and various shades and pigments is important when designing a performer's makeup. The following are among the basic rules of light: nothing has color until light is reflected from it; an object appears black when all of the light is absorbed; an object appears white when all of the light is reflected. If certain rays are absorbed and others are reflected, the reflected rays determine the color.

A makeup artist is a professional who applies makeup and prosthetics on human beings for theatre, television, film, magazines, fashion shows, and other similar productions. They enhance the appearance of actors and models by manipulating the top layer of the skin, focusing on the face and hands. Makeup artists may also work with special effects makeup to create prosthetics and other transformations. In the film industry, they may report to a special effects supervisor or makeup director.


Question: when did south korea and north korea split

Answer: May 1946

This is a document about Division of Korea
 Woon-hyung as the leader of a unified Korea, but this was rejected by the US. Meanwhile, the division between the two zones deepened. The difference in policy between the occupying powers led to a polarization of politics, and a transfer of population between North and South. In May 1946 it was made illegal to cross the 38th parallel without a permit. At the final meeting of the Joint Commission in September 1947, Soviet delegate Terentii Shtykov proposed that both Soviet and US troops withdraw and give the Korean people the opportunity to form their own government. This was rejected by

This is a document about Korean reunification
  1945 and beginning in the Cold War (1945–1992), Korea was divided into two countries along the 38th parallel (now the Korean Demilitarized Zone) in 1948. North Korea was administered by the Soviet Union in the years immediately following the war, with South Korea being managed by the United States. In 1950, North Korea invaded the South, beginning the Korean War, which ended in stalemate in 1953. Even after the end of the Korean War, reunification proved a challenge as the two countries became increasingly diverged at a steady pace. However, in the late 2010s, relations between North and South Korea warmed somewhat, beginning with North Korea's participation at the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang County, Gangwon Province, South Korea. In 2019, South Korean president Moon Jae-in proposed reunification of the two divided states in the Korean peninsula by 2045.

This is a document about Truth and Reconciliation Commission (South Korea)
  Korea's history during the last 60 years as it transitioned from a colony to a democracy has been filled with violence, war, and civil disputes. With Japan's defeat in World War II in 1945, Korea was divided in two at the 38th parallel, with administration of the north side given to the Soviet Union, while the south side was administered by the United States (see Gwangbokjeol). In 1948, two separate governments formed, each claiming to be the legitimate government of all of Korea. South Korea (officially the Republic of Korea) was formally established on August 15, 1948, by Korean statesman and authoritarian dictator Syngman Rhee. The establishment of a legitimate government body in South

This is a document about Peace Treaty on Korean Peninsula
  Korean president Syngman Rhee's disagreement with the United States' pursuit of a ceasefire with China and the separation of North and South Korea under US-led United Nations intervention, the two Koreas were divided on July 27, 1953. After the 1954 Geneva Conference, Rhee hoped for reunification under the United Nations before his resignation in 1960. On May 16, 1961, Park Chung-hee seized power in a South Korean military coup. During the decade, Korean reunification was advocated to revive the economies of both countries. During the 1970s, with the success of détente and Korean economic development, the countries resumed negotiations. The July 4th North–South Korea Joint Statement was drawn up, but not implemented. South Korea was governed

This is a document about History of Japan–Korea relations
  II, Soviet forces took control of the North, and American forces took control of the South, with the 38th parallel as the agreed-upon dividing line. South Korea is independent as of August 15, 1945, and North Korea as of September 9, 1945. In June 1950, North Korea invaded and almost conquered South Korea, but was driven back by the United Nations command, leading South Korean, American, European and international forces. North Korea was nearly captured, with the United Nations intending to roll back Communism there. However, China entered the war, pushed the UN forces out of North Korea, and a military stalemate resulted along the lines similar to the 38th parallel. An armistice was agreed on in 1953,

This is a document about Divided family
  The division of the Korean peninsula is one of the last remaining relics of the Cold War. Since the end of the Korean War in 1953, there has been virtually no contact between the citizens of the two countries, including the many families who were divided during the turmoil that engulfed Korea after liberation from Japanese rule and during the three-year Korean War. Many people in both North Korea and South Korea have lost contact with the rest of their family, and are unable to communicate with them due to strict regulations across borders. In the 1980s, South Korea held special programs to reunite divided

This is a document about Korea
  with two different ideologies, exacerbated by their inability to agree on the terms of Korean independence. The Communist-inspired government in the North received backing from the Soviet Union in opposition to the pro-Western government in the South, leading to Korea's division into two sovereign states in 1948: North Korea, and South Korea. Tensions between the two resulted in the outbreak of the Korean War in 1950. With involvement by foreign troops, the war ended in a stalemate in 1953, but without a formalized peace treaty. This status contributes to the high tensions that continue to divide the peninsula. Both governments of the two Koreas continue to claim to be the sole legitimate government of the region.

This is a document about North Korea–South Korea relations
  Formerly a single nation that was annexed by Japan in 1910, the Korean Peninsula has been divided into North Korea and South Korea since the end of World War II in 1945. The two countries engaged in the Korean War from 1950 to 1953 which ended in an armistice agreement but without a peace treaty. North Korea is a one-party Socialist state run by the Kim family. South Korea was formerly governed by a succession of military dictatorships until democratization in 1987 when it held direct elections. Both nations claim the entire Korean peninsula and outlying islands. Both nations joined the United Nations in 1991 and are recognized by most

This is a document about Korean conflict
  The Korean conflict is an ongoing conflict based on the division of Korea between North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea) and South Korea (Republic of Korea), both of which claim to be the sole legitimate government of all of Korea. During the Cold War, North Korea was backed by the Soviet Union, China, and other allies, while South Korea was backed by the United States and its Western allies. The division of Korea by the United States and the Soviet Union occurred in 1945. Both superpowers created a government in their own image. Tensions erupted into the Korean War, which lasted from 1950 to 1953. When the war ended, both countries were devastated, with the utter destruction of much of the countries, but the division remained. North and South Korea continued a military standoff, with periodic clashes. The

This is a document about Finding Dispersed Families
  The division of the Korean peninsula into its North and South states resulted in the separation of over 10 million families and can be viewed as a consequence of the Cold War. After Japan brought an end to the 500-year rule by the Yi Dynasty, Korea experienced 35 years of Japanese colonial rule. This inspired nationwide attempts at independence, which ultimately failed on March 1, 1919. As a result of these failed movements, the nation split into those who turned to the Bolshevik Revolution and Marxism for a solution and those who believed the Western powers, especially the United States, would be able to provide relief. Following Japan's defeat in 1945, the Korean peninsula split along the 38th parallel into Soviet and American zones of occupation. This division was formally constructed in 1948, when the Republic of Korea was established in the South below the 38th parallel through a United Nations sponsored election. As a result, there was a significant influx of North Korean refugees to the southern peninsula and families separated across the states experienced difficulties maintaining communication.

This is a document about List of Asian Pacific American Medal of Honor recipients
  The Korean War was an escalation of border clashes between two rival Korean regimes, each of which was supported by external powers; each tried to topple the other through political and guerilla tactics. In a narrow sense, some may refer to it as a civil war, though many other factors were at play. After failing to strengthen their cause in the free elections held in South Korea during May 1950 and the refusal of South Korea to hold new elections per North Korean demands, the communist North Korean Army moved south on June 25, 1950 to attempt to reunite the Korean peninsula, which had been formally divided since 1948. The conflict was then expanded by

This is a document about Korean reunification
  a dividing line. Japanese troops north of the line were to surrender to the Soviet Union, and troops south of the line would surrender to the United States. The partition was not originally intended to last long, but Cold War politics resulted in the establishment of two separate governments in the two zones in 1948, and rising tensions prevented co-operation. The desire for many Koreans was for a peaceful unification but was dashed when the Korean War broke out in 1950. On 25 June 1950, troops from North Korea invaded South Korea. Mao Zedong encouraged the confrontation with the United States and Joseph Stalin reluctantly supported the invasion. After three years of fighting, which involved both Koreas, China and United Nations forces, the last of which were led by the US, the war ended with an armistice agreement at approximately the same boundary.

This is a document about Division of Korea
  south only. The American-backed Syngman Rhee won the election, while Kim Il-sung consolidated his position as the leader of Soviet-occupied northern Korea. This led to the establishment of the Republic of Korea in South Korea on 15 August 1948, promptly followed by the establishment of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea in North Korea on 9 September 1948. The United States supported the South, the Soviet Union supported the North, and each government claimed sovereignty over the whole Korean peninsula. In 1950, after years of mutual hostilities, North Korea invaded South Korea in an attempt to re-unify the peninsula under its communist rule. The subsequent Korean War, which lasted from 1950 to 1953, ended with

This is a document about 2018–19 Korean peace process
  In 1945, at the end of World War II, Korea was divided. In 1950, war broke out between North and South Korea. The United States intervened to defend the South and has continued a military presence to the present day. A cease fire ended the fighting in 1953, but no official peace treaty has been signed. Frequent clashes have occurred up to recent times. At the end of the Cold War, North Korea lost its supporters in the Soviet Bloc. In December 1991 North and South Korea made an accord, the Agreement on Reconciliation, Non-Aggression, Exchange and Cooperation, pledging non-aggression and cultural and economic exchanges. They also agreed to prior notification of major military movements and established a military hotline, and to work on replacing the armistice with a "peace regime". In 1994, concern

This is a document about Division of Korea
  This division of Korea, after more than a millennium of being unified, was seen as controversial and temporary by both regimes. From 1948 until the start of the civil war on 25 June 1950, the armed forces of each side engaged in a series of bloody conflicts along the border. In 1950, these conflicts escalated dramatically when North Korean forces invaded South Korea, triggering the Korean War. The United Nations intervened to protect the South, sending a US-led force. As it occupied the south, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea attempted to unify Korea under its regime, initiating the nationalisation

This is a document about Domino theory
  parallel where U.S. forces subsequently moved into. By 1948, as a result of the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the U.S., Korea was split into two regions, with separate governments, each claiming to be the legitimate government of Korea, and neither side accepting the border as permanent. In 1950 fighting broke out between Communists and Republicans that soon involved troops from China (on the Communists' side), and the United States and 15 allied countries (on the Republicans' side). Though the Korean conflict has not officially ended, the Korean War ended in 1953 with an armistice that left Korea divided into two nations, North Korea and South

This is a document about Korean War
  each other in air-to-air combat for the first time in history, and Soviet pilots covertly flew in defense of their communist allies. The fighting ended on 27 July 1953 when the Korean Armistice Agreement was signed. The agreement created the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) to separate North and South Korea, and allowed the return of prisoners. However, no peace treaty was ever signed, and the two Koreas are technically still at war, engaged in a frozen conflict. In April 2018, the leaders of North and South Korea met at the DMZ and agreed to work toward a treaty to formally end the Korean War. The Korean

This is a document about North Korea–United States relations
  Following World War II the United Nations divided Korea along the 38th parallel, intending this as a temporary measure. A breakdown in relations between the U.S. and USSR, however, prevented a reunification. As a result, in August 1945, the U.S. and U.S.S.R. divided control over the Korean Peninsula, with the Soviet Army and its proxies supporting a communist government in the North and the U.S. supporting a capitalist government in the South.

This is a document about List of Navy Cross recipients for the Korean War
  civil war, though many other factors were at play. After failing to strengthen their cause in the free elections held in South Korea during May 1950 and the refusal of South Korea to hold new elections per North Korean demands, the communist North Korean Army moved south on June 25, 1950 to attempt to reunite the Korean peninsula, which had been formally divided since 1948. The conflict was then expanded by the United States and the Soviet Union's involvement as part of the larger Cold War. The main hostilities were during the period from June 25, 1950 until the armistice was signed on July 27, 1953.

This is a document about History of East Asia
  divided at the 38th parallel into two zones of occupation. The Soviets administered the northern-half and the Americans administered the southern-half. In 1948, as a result of Cold War tensions, the occupation zones became two sovereign states. This led to the establishment of the Republic of Korea in South Korea on 15 August 1948, promptly followed by the establishment of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea in North Korea on 9 September 1948. In 1950, after years of mutual hostilities, North Korea invaded South Korea in an attempt to re-unify the peninsula under its communist rule. The subsequent Korean War, which lasted from 1950 to 1953, ended with a stalemate and has left the two Koreas separated by the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) up to the present day.

South Korea and North Korea split in 1945, with the 38th parallel as the demilitarized zone. The division was formalized in 1948 when each side administered its own government.


Question: where do the flyers play their home games

Answer: Wells Fargo Center

This is a document about Wells Fargo Center (Philadelphia)
 sellouts and Bruce Springsteen's 56 Philadelphia sellouts respectively. http://www.laxpower.com/laxnews/news.php?story=53534 Wells Fargo Center (Philadelphia) The Wells Fargo Center is a multi-purpose indoor arena located in Philadelphia. It is the home arena of the Philadelphia Flyers of the National Hockey League (NHL), the Philadelphia 76ers of the National Basketball Association (NBA), the Philadelphia Soul of the Arena Football League (AFL) and the Philadelphia Wings of the National Lacrosse League (NLL). The arena lies at the southwest corner of the South Philadelphia Sports Complex, which includes Lincoln Financial Field, Citizens Bank Park, and Xfinity Live!. The Wells Fargo Center, originally called Spectrum II,

This is a document about God Bless America
 both countries.) At some Flyers' home games, especially during big games and the playoffs, their main anthem singer, Lauren Hart, has sung "God Bless America" alternating lyrics with Kate Smith on a video screen. Smith actually appeared in person to sing at select Flyers games, including their 1974 Stanley Cup clinching game against the Boston Bruins, to which she received a thunderous ovation from the passionate Philadelphia fans. Before games whenever "God Bless America" is performed, Lou Nolan, the PA announcer for the Flyers at the Wells Fargo Center, would say: "Ladies and gentlemen, at this time, we ask that

This is a document about 2011–12 New Jersey Devils season
 NHL organizations in terms of minor league affiliations. The Devils announced the hiring of Peter DeBoer as the new head coach of the team on July 19, 2011. On June 30, 2011, the New Jersey Devils announced that they would play six games during the pre-season. There were three home games at the Prudential Center against the New York Rangers, New York Islanders and Philadelphia Flyers. They also played two road games, one against the Islanders at Nassau Coliseum and one against the Flyers at Wells Fargo Center. One neutral site game against the Rangers took place at the Times

This is a document about List of Philadelphia Flyers seasons
  The Philadelphia Flyers are an American ice hockey team based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. They compete in the National Hockey League (NHL) Eastern Conference's Metropolitan Division. Since their inaugural season in 1967, the team has played its home games on Broad Street in South Philadelphia, first at the Spectrum from 1967 to 1996 and currently at the Wells Fargo Center since 1996. In 51 completed seasons, the team has won the Stanley Cup as NHL champions twice and has qualified for the playoffs thirty-nine times. They have played more than 400 playoff games, winning 221. As of the end of the season, Philadelphia has won more

This is a document about Philadelphia Flyers
  The Philadelphia Flyers are a professional ice hockey team based in Philadelphia. They compete in the National Hockey League (NHL) as a member of the Metropolitan Division in the Eastern Conference. Part of the 1967 NHL Expansion, the Flyers were the first expansion team in the post–Original Six era to win the Stanley Cup, victorious in 1973–74 and again in 1974–75. The Flyers' all-time points percentage of 57.5% is the third-best in the NHL, behind only the Vegas Golden Knights and Montreal Canadiens. Additionally, the Flyers have the most appearances in the conference finals of all 24 expansion teams (16 appearances, winning 8), and they are second behind the St. Louis Blues for the most playoff appearances out of all expansion teams (40 out of 52 seasons). The Flyers have played their home games on Broad Street since

This is a document about NHL outdoor games
  the Philadelphia Flyers worked out an agreement to play a home-and-home series of outdoors games. The two archrivals played the 2017 Stadium Series game at Heinz Field in Pittsburgh, and then played the 2019 Stadium Series game at Lincoln Financial Field in Philadelphia. The two teams had also discussed playing a neutral site game at Beaver Stadium at State College, Pennsylvania, but this did not materialize, due mainly to concerns about Beaver Stadium's plumbing being unable to withstand an event in winter On March 6, 2016, the NHL officially announced that the Jets will host the Oilers in the 2016 Heritage Classic during the

This is a document about List of Philadelphia Flyers records
  The Philadelphia Flyers are a professional ice hockey team based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. They are members of the Metropolitan Division of the National Hockey League's (NHL) Eastern Conference. The Flyers were founded in 1967 as one of six expansion teams, increasing the size of the NHL at that time to 12 teams.

This is a document about List of Philadelphia Flyers award winners
  The Philadelphia Flyers are a professional ice hockey team based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. They are members of the Metropolitan Division of the National Hockey League's (NHL) Eastern Conference. The Flyers were founded in 1967 as one of six expansion teams, increasing the size of the NHL at that time to 12 teams. Since the franchise was established, the team has won the Stanley Cup two times as league champions in 1974 and 1975, the Clarence S. Campbell Bowl six times – twice as division champions and four times as conference champions – and the Prince of Wales Trophy as conference champions four times. Prior to the Presidents' Trophy first being award

This is a document about List of Philadelphia Flyers draft picks
  The Philadelphia Flyers are a professional ice hockey team based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. They are members of the Metropolitan Division of the National Hockey League's (NHL) Eastern Conference. The Flyers were founded in 1967 as one of six expansion teams, increasing the size of the NHL at that time to 12 teams. As of the 2021 NHL Entry Draft, the Flyers have selected 63 goaltenders and 440 skaters (forwards and defensemen) in the NHL Entry Draft since their first draft in 1967. They selected an additional 3 goaltenders and 7 skaters from 1986 to 1994 in the short-lived NHL Supplemental Draft, which was for selecting collegiate players who were not eligible for the

This is a document about Wells Fargo Center (Philadelphia)
  The Wells Fargo Center is a multi-purpose arena located in Philadelphia. It serves as the home of the Philadelphia Flyers of the National Hockey League (NHL), the Philadelphia 76ers of the National Basketball Association (NBA), and the Philadelphia Wings of the National Lacrosse League (NLL). The arena lies at the southwest corner of the South Philadelphia Sports Complex, which includes Lincoln Financial Field, Citizens Bank Park, and Xfinity Live!. The Wells Fargo Center, originally called Spectrum II, was completed in 1996 to replace the Spectrum as the home arena of the 76ers and Flyers, on the former site of John F. Kennedy Stadium at

This is a document about 2017 NHL Stadium Series
  The 2017 NHL Stadium Series (officially the 2017 Coors Light NHL Stadium Series for sponsorship reasons) was a regular season National Hockey League (NHL) game played outdoors, part of the Stadium Series of games held at football or baseball stadiums. The Philadelphia Flyers played against the Pittsburgh Penguins at Heinz Field in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on February 25, 2017. This was the only game in the Stadium Series scheduled during the 2016–17 NHL season (as opposed to multiple games in 2016), but the fourth and last outdoor regular-season games during that season. An announced attendance of 67,318 made the game one of the most attended outdoor NHL games in history.

This is a document about 2019 NHL Stadium Series
  In 2016, the Pittsburgh Penguins and the Philadelphia Flyers worked out an agreement to play a home-and-home series of outdoors games. The first game that was planned eventually became the 2017 Stadium Series game at Heinz Field in Pittsburgh. The NHL does not usually schedule teams to appear in outdoors games in consecutive years, so Philadelphia did not host this rematch until 2019. The two archrivals had also discussed playing a neutral site game at Beaver Stadium at State College, Pennsylvania, but it never materialized, due mainly to concerns about Beaver Stadium's plumbing being unable to withstand an event in winter.

This is a document about Sports in Philadelphia
  Philadelphia has a long history of professional sports teams. Philadelphia is one of six cities that has won at least one championship in the NHL, NFL, MLB, and NBA. Philadelphia's combined total of 16 championships in these leagues ranks sixth among North American cities. The Eagles, Phillies, Flyers, and 76ers all play their home games in the South Philadelphia Sports Complex section of the city. The Eagles currently play at Lincoln Financial Field (commonly referred to as "The Linc"), built in 2003. The Phillies play at Citizens Bank Park, which opened in 2004. The Flyers and 76ers share the Wells Fargo Center, opened in

This is a document about 1991–92 Pittsburgh Penguins season
  Philadelphia Flyers || 5–6 || Pittsburgh Penguins || Civic Arena || 38–30–9 || 85 - style="background:#fcf;" ; 78 || 13 || 7:45 PM || Pittsburgh Penguins || 1–5 || New Jersey Devils || Brendan Byrne Arena || 38–31–9 || 85 ; - style="background:#cfc;" ; 79 || 15 || 7:35 PM || Washington Capitals || 1–4 || Pittsburgh Penguins || Civic Arena || 39–31–9 || 87 ; - style="background:#fcf;" ; 80 || 16 || 7:35 PM || Pittsburgh Penguins || 1–7 || New York Rangers || Madison Square Garden (IV) || 39–32–9 || 87 - style="text-align:center;" ; Legend:      = Win       = Loss       = Tie

This is a document about National Hockey League rivalries
  The rivalry between the New Jersey Devils and Philadelphia Flyers is very intense in both New Jersey and Pennsylvania, sometimes being referred to as the "Battle of the Turnpikes." The Devils play in Newark, New Jersey, which can be accessed by using the New Jersey Turnpike and the Flyers play in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, which is about twenty-five miles from the Pennsylvania Turnpike. The two turnpikes connect over the Delaware River on the border of Pennsylvania and New Jersey near Northeast Philadelphia and Burlington, New Jersey. In addition, the Flyers practice in Voorhees Township, New Jersey, and since their Stanley Cup championships of and, many members of those Cup-winning teams (as well as other Flyers alumni) have lived in South Jersey. Since the conferences were realigned and renamed prior to the season, the two teams have won the two highest numbers of division titles (the Devils 9, the Flyers 6). Together, the two teams' 15 division championships account for almost all of the 18 total Atlantic Division titles.

This is a document about List of Philadelphia Flyers players
   The Philadelphia Flyers are a professional ice hockey team based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. They are members of the Metropolitan Division of the National Hockey League's (NHL) Eastern Conference. The Flyers were founded in 1967 as one of six expansion teams, increasing the size of the NHL at that time to 12 teams. Since the franchise was established, the team has had 19 captains, including Bobby Clarke, who captained the Flyers to two Stanley Cups in 1973–74 and 1974–75, and is the only player to have scored over 1,000 points for the Flyers. Clarke was awarded the Hart Memorial Trophy as the NHL's most valuable player

This is a document about List of National Hockey League attendance figures
 The New York Islanders move half of their home schedule to their former arena, Nassau Coliseum, while continuing to play half their home games at Barclays Center. ; The Scottrade Center was renamed Enterprise Center. ; The Air Canada Centre was renamed Scotiabank Arena. ; Totals do not include two outdoor regular-season and international games. ; The Chicago Blackhawks hosted the Boston Bruins during the 2019 NHL Winter Classic, played at Notre Dame Stadium in Notre Dame, Indiana, on January 1, 2019. ; The Philadelphia Flyers hosted the Pittsburgh Penguins during the 2019 NHL Stadium Series, played at Lincoln Financial Field in Philadelphia on February 23, 2019. ; For the 2018 NHL Global Series, the New Jersey Devils and Edmonton Oilers played at the Scandinavium in Gothenburg, Sweden on October 6, 2018, with New Jersey acting as the home team for the game. ; For the 2018 NHL Global Series, the Florida Panthers and Winnipeg Jets played two games at Hartwall Arena in Helsinki, Finland on November 1 and 2, 2018, with both teams splitting the hosting duties as the home team. Notes

This is a document about Flyers–Penguins rivalry
  series between the two teams during the 2018 Eastern Conference First Round. In the 2017 NHL Stadium Series, set at Pittsburgh's Heinz Field, the Penguins defeated the Flyers 4–2. In the 2019 NHL Stadium Series, set at Philadelphia's Lincoln Financial Field, the Flyers bested the Penguins in a 4–3 overtime victory, rallying from a seemingly insurmountable 3–1 deficit in the final frame with two extra attacker goals. Between these two outdoor matches, the Penguins also defeated the Flyers in their 2018 playoff clash, four games to two, following a season sweep courtesy of Pittsburgh. The first four games of the series were all

This is a document about 1973–74 Philadelphia Flyers season
  at home 4–1. With the Rangers on the verge of defeat in Game 6 the Rangers won 4–1. In Game 7 Gary Dornhoefer scored the game-winning goal with 10:59 left in the third. Rick MacLeish again led the Flyers in scoring in this series with seven goals. The home team was the winner of every game in the series. This set up a Stanley Cup Finals matchup against the Boston Bruins, who won the season series 3–1–1. The series opened in Boston at the Boston Garden with Boston winning Game 1, 3–2 and the Flyers winning Game 2, 3–2 in overtime on a Bobby Clarke goal. The series moved to Philadelphia where the Flyers won Game 3, 4–1

This is a document about 2003–04 New Jersey Devils season
  The series opened at Wachovia Center in Philadelphia, and the Flyers won both games 1 and 2 3-2 over New Jersey. Games three and four were played at Continental Airlines Arena in New Jersey. The Devils won game three 4-2, but the Flyers were victorious in game four by a score of 3-0. Game five was played back in Philadelphia, and the Flyers won that game 3-1 and won the series 4 games to 1.

The Philadelphia Flyers play their home games at the Wells Fargo Center in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.


Question: what year did the first ipod touch come out

Answer: 2007

This is a document about IPod Touch
 IPod Touch The iPod Touch (stylized and marketed as iPod touch) is an iOS-based all-purpose mobile device designed and marketed by Apple Inc. with a touchscreen-controlled user interface. It connects to the Internet only through Wi-Fi base stations, does not use cellular network data, and is therefore not a smartphone; otherwise, though, besides slight design differences, it may be considered an iPhone. As it is basically an iPhone, it can be used as a music player, digital camera, web browser, note-logger, handheld game device, etc. As of May 2013, 100 million iPod Touch units had been sold since 2007. iPod

This is a document about Portable media player
 drive based DAP with a 1.8" Toshiba hard drive and a 2" monochrome display. With the development of a spartan user interface and a smaller form factor, the iPod was initially popular within the Macintosh community. In July 2002, Apple introduced the second generation update to the iPod. It was compatible with Windows computers through Musicmatch Jukebox. In 2007, Apple introduced the iPod Touch, the first iPod with a multi-touch screen. Its media player was split into the Music and Videos apps. In 2002, Archos released the first "portable media player" (PMP), the Archos Jukebox Multimedia with a little 1.5"

This is a document about Podium Sans
 mentions the Myriad typeface in connection with the iPod user interface. On newer models, such as the 3G iPod nano, iPod classic and iPod touch Podium Sans has been replaced with Helvetica Neue Bold, the same typeface used throughout the iPhone user interface. Podium Sans Podium Sans is the typeface used on all models of iPod with color displays previous to the iPod lineup refresh on September 5, 2007. When the iPod photo was first announced Apple claimed that the device featured a "new Myriad typeface," stating... Now in living color, it's easier to read than ever. That’s thanks in

This is a document about IPod Touch
 date has been introduced with the same release number of iOS as the contemporary iPhone model. Successive updates to iOS since the initial release in 2007 have released additional features. iPhone OS 2.0, released on July 11, 2008, introduced the App Store, which allowed third-party applications for the first time. iPhone OS 3.0, released on June 17, 2009, added features such as cut, copy, and paste, data tethering and push notification support. iOS 4.0, released on June 21, 2010, introduced iBooks, FaceTime, and multitasking. It dropped support for the first generation iPod Touch. In June 2011, iOS 5, the fifth

This is a document about IPod Touch
 authorized software vendor. Hackers have attempted to 'jailbreak' all iOS devices to enable forbidden or unsupported features, such as multitasking in iOS versions before 4.0, themes for the home screen and the use of software Apple has refused to sell such as a battery percentage indicator. Jailbreaks for the iPod Touch first surfaced a month after the first model was released in September 2007, when hackers released JailbreakMe 1.0 (also called "AppSnapp") to jailbreak iPhone OS 1.1.1. This allowed users to install third-party programs on their devices before Apple permitted this. As of August 2014, each version of iOS on

This is a document about Music Is My Hot Hot Sex
 Music Is My Hot Hot Sex "Music Is My Hot Hot Sex" is a single by Brazilian band Cansei de Ser Sexy from their first album "Cansei de Ser Sexy". The song was featured in a Zune advertisement in 2006 and again in an iPod advertisement in 2007. An 18-year-old British student, Nick Haley, used the song in a homemade 30-second commercial for the iPod touch that he created and then posted on the video sharing site YouTube on September 11, 2007. Creative executives from Apple's advertising agency, TBWA\Chiat\Day, saw Haley's creation, contacted him and enlisted him to remake it

This is a document about JailbreakMe
 2007 worked on iPhone and iPod Touch firmware 1.1.1, the second version was released in August 2010 for firmware 4.0.1 and earlier, and the third version was released in July 2011 for iOS versions 4.3 to 4.3.3 (and was the first jailbreak for the iPad 2). JailbreakMe 3.0 has been used to jailbreak at least two million devices. JailbreakMe, started in 2007, was originally used to jailbreak the iPhone and iPod Touch running the 1.1.1 version of iOS, then named iPhone OS. Using a TIFF exploit against Safari, this installed Installer.app. The vulnerability used in this exploit was patched by

This is a document about IPod
  This article is about the series. For a specific version of the iPod, see iPod Touch, iPod Classic, iPod Mini, iPod Nano and iPod Shuffle. The iPod is a line of portable media players and multi-purpose mobile devices designed and marketed by Apple Inc. The first version was released on October 23, 2001, about 8 1⁄2 months after the Macintosh version of iTunes was released. As of May 28, 2019, only the iPod Touch (7th generation) remains in production. Like other digital music players, some versions of the iPod can serve as external data storage devices. Prior to macOS 10.15, Apple's iTunes software (and other alternative software) could be used to transfer music,

This is a document about Timeline of United States inventions (after 1991)
 The introduction of the camera phone in 2000 was an innovation that changed the daily lives of millions of people around the world. It allowed people to instantly take photos and videos, and dealt a major blow to the digital camera industry. The iPod is a line of portable media players and multi-purpose pocket computers[2] designed and marketed by Apple Inc. The first version was released on October 23, 2001, about 8 1⁄2 months after the Macintosh version of iTunes was released. As of May 28, 2019, only the iPod Touch (7th generation) remains in production. A spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) magnetometer achieves very

This is a document about IPod Touch
  The iPod Touch is a line of iOS-based mobile devices designed and marketed by Apple Inc. with a touchscreen-controlled user interface. As with other iPod models, it can be used as a music player and a handheld gaming device, but it can also be used as a digital camera, a web browser and for messaging. It is similar in design to the iPhone, but it connects to the Internet only through Wi-Fi and does not use cellular network data, and so is not a smartphone. The iPod Touch was introduced in 2007; some 100 million iPod Touch units were sold by May 2013. The current iPod

This is a document about IPhone (1st generation)
  The iPhone's main competitors in both consumer and business markets were considered to be the LG Prada, LG Viewty, Samsung Ultra Smart F700, Nokia N95, Nokia E61i, Palm Treo 750, Palm Centro, HTC Touch, Sony Ericsson W960, Sony Ericsson C905 and BlackBerry. The iPod Touch, a touchscreen device with the media and internet abilities and interface of the iPhone but without the ability to connect to a cellular network for phone functions or internet access, was released on September 5, 2007. At the same time, Apple significantly dropped the price of the 8 GB model (from $599 to $399, still requiring a 2-year contract with AT&T) while discontinuing the 4 GB

This is a document about IPod Touch
 1st generation (2007–2008) Supported until June 2010 (iPhone OS 3.1.3) ; 2nd generation (2008–2010) Supported until March 2011 (iOS 4.2.1) ; 3rd generation (2009–2010) Supported until September 2012 (iOS 5.1.1) ; 4th generation (2010–2013) Supported until February 2014 (iOS 6.1.6) ; 5th generation (2012–2015) Supported until September 2016 (iOS 9.3.5) ; 6th generation (2015–2019) Partial support only (iOS 12.5.5) ; 7th generation (2019–present) Supported until October 2021 (iOS 15.1) , there have been seven models of iPod Touch devices produced.

This is a document about IPod Classic
  Apple introduced the first-generation iPod (M8541) on October 23, 2001, with the slogan "1,000 songs in your pocket". They went on sale on November 10, 2001. The first iPod had a monochrome LCD (liquid-crystal display) screen and featured a 5GB hard drive capable of storing 1,000 songs encoded using MP3 and was priced at US$399. Among the iPod's innovations were its small size, achieved using a 1.8" hard drive, whereas other HDD-based competitors (like earlier DEC Personal Jukebox player) were using 2.5" hard drives at the time, and its easy-to-use navigation, which was controlled using a mechanical scroll wheel (unlike later iPods, which had touch-sensitive scroll wheels), a center select button, and four auxiliary buttons around the wheel. The iPod had a rated battery life of ten hours. On March 20, 2002, Apple introduced a 10GB model of the first-generation iPod for US$499. VCard compatibility was added, as well as allowing iPods to display business card information synced from a Mac.

This is a document about IPod Touch (5th generation)
  The fifth-generation iPod Touch (stylized and marketed as the iPod touch, and colloquially known as the iPod Touch 5G, iPod Touch 5, or iPod 5) was unveiled at Apple's media event alongside the iPhone 5 on September 12, 2012, and was released on October 11, 2012. An all-purpose pocket computer designed and marketed by Apple Inc. with a touchscreen-based user interface, it succeeded the 4th-generation iPod Touch. It is compatible with up to iOS 9.3.5, which was released on August 25, 2016. Like the iPhone 5, the fifth-generation iPod Touch is a slimmer, lighter model that introduces a higher-resolution, 4-inch screen to the series with 16:9 widescreen aspect ratio, similar to the iPhone 5, 5C, and 5S. Other improvements include support for

This is a document about Apple Inc.
  At the Macworld Conference & Expo in January 2007, Steve Jobs introduced the long-anticipated iPhone, a convergence of an Internet-enabled smartphone and iPod. The first-generation iPhone was released on June 29, 2007, for $499 (4 GB) and $599 (8 GB) with an AT&T contract. On February 5, 2008, it was updated to have 16 GB of storage, in addition to the 8 GB and 4 GB models. It combined a 2.5G quad band GSM and EDGE cellular phone with features found in handheld devices, running a scaled-down version of OS X (dubbed iPhone OS after the launch and later renamed to iOS), with

This is a document about History of Apple Inc.
  The first version of the iPhone became publicly available on June 29, 2007, in selected countries/markets. It was another 12 months before the iPhone 3G became available on July 11, 2008. Apple announced the iPhone 3GS on June 8, 2009, along with plans to release it later in June, July, and August, starting with the U.S., Canada, and major European countries on June 19. This 12-month iteration cycle has continued with the iPhone 4 model arriving in similar fashion in 2010, a Verizon model was released in February 2011, and a Sprint model in October 2011, shortly after Jobs' death. On February 10, 2011, the iPhone 4 was made available on both Verizon Wireless and AT&T. Now two iPod types are multi-touch: the iPod nano

This is a document about Portable media player
  On 23 October 2001, Apple Computer unveiled the first generation iPod, a 5 GB hard drive based DAP with a 1.8" hard drive and a 2" monochrome display. With the development of a spartan user interface and a smaller form factor, the iPod was initially popular within the Macintosh community. In July 2002, Apple introduced the second generation update to the iPod, which was compatible with Windows computers through Musicmatch Jukebox. iPods quickly became the most popular DAP product and led the fast growth of this market during the early and mid 2000s. In 2002, Archos released the first "portable media player" (PMP), the Archos Jukebox Multimedia with a

This is a document about Apple silicon
  Apple first used SoCs in early versions of the iPhone and iPod touch. They combine in one package a single ARM-based processing core (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), and other electronics necessary for mobile computing. The APL0098 (also 8900B or S5L8900) is a package on package (PoP) system on a chip (SoC) that was introduced on June 29, 2007, at the launch of the original iPhone. It includes a 412 MHz single-core ARM11 CPU and a PowerVR MBX Lite GPU. It was manufactured by Samsung on a 90 nm process. The iPhone 3G and the first-generation iPod touch also use it. The APL0278 (also S5L8720) is a PoP SoC

This is a document about IOS
   2 million in June 2016,  and 2.2 million in January 2017. , 1 million apps are natively compatible with the iPad tablet computer. These apps have collectively been downloaded more than 130 billion times. App intelligence firm Sensor Tower has estimated that the App Store will reach 5 million apps by the year 2020. In September 2007, Apple announced the iPod Touch, a redesigned iPod based on the iPhone form factor. On January 27, 2010, Apple introduced their much-anticipated media tablet, the iPad, featuring a larger screen than the iPhone and iPod Touch, and designed for web browsing, media consumption, and

The first iPod Touch was released in 2007.


Question: when did the free school lunch program start

Answer: June 4 , 1946

This is a document about National School Lunch Act
 on June 4, 1946. The majority of the support provided to schools participating in the program comes in the form of a cash reimbursement for each meal served. Schools are also entitled to receive commodity foods and additional commodities as they are available from surplus agricultural stocks. The National School Lunch Program serves 30.5 million children each day at a cost of $8.7 billion for fiscal year 2007. Most participants are also eligible for food during the summer through the Summer Food Service Program. School feeding in the United States underwent the same evolution as in Europe, beginning with sporadic

This is a document about School meal programs in the United States
  The federal government became involved with school meals in the 1940s, responding to concerns that many children were not getting enough to eat. According to military officials at the time, a large number of young men in the United States were not fit for active duty because of undernourishment. In 1946, President Harry Truman (D, 1945–53) signed the National School Lunch Act into law, providing free school lunches for low-income students. In 1966, the Child Nutrition Act shifted control of the school lunch program from a number of government agencies to one, the USDA. In the decades since then, childhood weight gain has become a major concern of health

This is a document about School meal programs in the United States
  School meal programs in the United States provide school meals free of charge, or at a government-subsidized price, to U.S. students from low-income families. These free or subsidized meals have the potential to increase household food security, which can improve children's health and expand their educational opportunities. A study of a free school meal program in the United States found that providing free meals to elementary and middle school children in areas characterized by high food insecurity led to increased school discipline among the students. The biggest school meal program in the United States is the National School Lunch Program (NSLP), which was signed into law by President Harry S. Truman in 1946.

This is a document about Food policy
  to receive benefits from WIC at any time. Of that group, 7.2 million people participated in the program, or a usage rate of 51 percent. Approximately 6.4 million people took part in 2019. The National School Lunch Act created the National School Lunch Program in 1946 to ensure that low-income children received a fully or partially subsidized meal in the middle of their school day. Revisions to the program were made under President Lyndon B. Johnson with the enactment of the Child Nutrition Act, which integrated the school lunch programming with the Special Milk Program and launched a new national School Breakfast Program. Numerous studies have confirmed a link between school performance and the school breakfast program. More recently, the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids

This is a document about Ellen Swallow Richards
  A first, major program was started in some Boston high schools in 1894 to provide nutritional meals at low prices to children who would not normally have them. Due in large part to Ellen Richards and Edward Atkinson, the New England Kitchen ran the program as a 'private enterprise' that paid for itself many times over. The lunches never became effective instruments for teaching the New Nutrition the founders had envisaged. But, because the program provided nutritious meals children would otherwise not have, it became the main justification for similar lunch programs in other cities." In 1946, President Harry S. Truman signed into law the National School Lunch Program to provide low-cost or free school lunch meals to qualified students through subsidies to schools. The program was established as a way to prop up food prices by absorbing farm surpluses, while at the same time providing food to school age children. It was named after Richard Russell, Jr.

This is a document about School meal programs in the United States
  began focusing on the shortcomings of the NSLP. The evidence they presented became crucial to Congressional debates on race and poverty. In 1962, Congress amended the NSLP, changing it from a distributor of state-regulated grant aid to a permanently funded meal reimbursement program. In 1969, President Richard Nixon pushed Congress to provide funding for school lunches beyond the reimbursement program, declaring, "The time has come to end hunger in America." In between, in 1966, Congress passed the Child Nutrition Act, which stated that educational progress was an objective of school meal programs. The bill, signed by President Lyndon B. Johnson, created the federally subsidized School Breakfast Program (SBP), which supplemented the existing lunch program by providing low-cost or free breakfasts to students at public and

This is a document about School meal
  School lunches at the national level began as a temporary New Deal project in 1933. By 1935 it was run by the WPA in 1935-42, as a way to employ the unemployed, feed hungry children, and reduce crop surpluses. It was ended in World War II when the WPA closed. In 1937 the WPA reported, "In the past year and a half 80,000,000 hot well-balanced meals have been served at the rate of 500,000 daily in 10,000 schools throughout the country." The permanent National School Lunch Program was created in 1946, with the National School Lunch Act. This legislation won rural support because it removed surplus food from the market and thus raised prices paid to farmers. Congress intended these meals to promote and protect child nutrition, while also supporting the consumption of American farm products.

This is a document about School meal programs in the United States
  The United States Congress passed the National School Lunch Act in 1946 after an investigation found that the poor health of men rejected for the World War II draft was associated with poor nutrition in their childhood. By the end of its first year, the National School Lunch Program had helped 7.1 million children. However, from the start, the program linked children's nutrition to the priorities of agricultural and food interests, and to the agenda of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). In these early years, the program provided substantial welfare to commercial farmers as an outlet for surplus commodities, but provided few free meals to poor children and fed a relatively small number of schoolchildren. In the 1960s, a group of mainstream national women's

This is a document about National School Lunch Act
  The Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act (79 P.L. 396, 60 Stat. 230) is a 1946 United States federal law that created the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) to provide low-cost or free school lunch meals to qualified students through subsidies to schools. The program was established as a way to prop up food prices by absorbing farm surpluses, while at the same time providing food to school age children. It was named after Richard Russell, Jr., signed into law by President Harry S. Truman in 1946, and entered the federal government into schools' dietary programs on June 4, 1946. The majority of the support provided to schools participating in the program comes in the form of a cash reimbursement for each meal served. Schools are also entitled to receive commodity foods and additional commodities as they are available from surplus agricultural stocks. The National School Lunch Program serves 30.5 million children each day at a cost of $8.7 billion for fiscal year 2007. Most participants are also eligible for food during the summer through the Summer Food Service Program.

This is a document about School meal
  The first school lunches were served in 1790 in Munich, Germany by an American born physicist, Benjamin Thompson, also known as Count Rumford. Thompson had spent his early days in New England but as a royalist during the American Revolutionary War he had become distrusted and left for England in 1784. In Munich, Thompson founded the Poor People's Institute which employed both adults and children to make uniforms for the German Army. They were fed and clothed for their work and the children taught reading, writing and arithmetic. Years later Thompson would feed 60,000 people a day from his soup kitchen in London. Benjamin Thompson pioneered institutional feeding of the poor and is credited with introducing the potato to the diet of

This is a document about School Breakfast Program
   The School Breakfast Program provides federally subsidized breakfasts to children at schools and child care facilities in the United States. The program began as a 2-year pilot in 1966. The program was supposed to serve schools in poor neighborhoods and in areas where kids had to travel a long distance in order to make it to school. To get schools to participate Congress allowed for higher payments to schools that were defined as being in "severe need". In its first year, the SBP spent US$573,000 serving about 80,000 children. In 1971 Congress modified the program, making it available to schools who needed to improve the nutrition and dietary needs of

This is a document about School meal programs in the United States
  government monitored supplies from commercial farmers and purchased surplus commodities (Levine 6). Schools served as an outlet for federal commodity donations. In 1935, the programs expanded through the Works Progress Administration and the National Youth Administration, both of which provided labor for school cafeterias. During World War II, the War Food Administration (1943–45) helped create school lunch programs. Eventually, the New Deal policies began to dissolve, and farm surpluses decreased. However, there was still a desire to keep school lunch programs in place, so federal cash assistance began to be appropriated on a year-to-year basis, and the National School Lunch Program was developed.

This is a document about School meal programs in the United States
  nutrition and healthy eating. Thus, the original intent of school meal programs was not primarily to increase the food security of impoverished children and alleviate educational problems, but rather to instill cultural norms. During the Great Depression, the numbers of hungry children seeking food overwhelmed lunchrooms. Thus, local programs began to look to state governments, and then the national government, for resources. The national government began providing funding for school lunches on a small scale as early as 1932. This funding originated from New Deal agencies such as the Federal Emergency Relief Administration, the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, and the Civil Works Administration. The

This is a document about School meal programs in the United States
  The SBP began as a pilot program in 1966 and became permanent in 1975. It was developed specifically to help impoverished children; the "original legislation stipulated that first consideration for program implementation was to be given to schools located in poor areas or in areas where children had to travel a great distance to school", and in 1971, "Congress directed that priority consideration for the program would include schools in which there was a special need to improve the nutrition and dietary practices of children of working mothers and children from low-income families". The SBP works in essentially the same way as the NSLP: Participating schools receive cash subsidies from the USDA for every meal they serve. They must meet federal nutrition requirements and offer free or reduced-price breakfasts to children who are eligible. The USDA provides technical training and assistance to help school workers prepare and serve healthy meals, as well as nutrition education to help children understand the links between diet and health. In 1970, before it was made permanent, the SBP served 500,000 children. In fiscal year 2011, more than 12.1 million children participated each day, 10.1 million of whom received free or reduced-price breakfasts.

This is a document about National School Lunch Act
  agricultural surplus consumption via exports and domestic donations. In March 1937, there were 3,839 schools receiving commodities for lunch programs serving 342,031 children daily. Two years later, the number of schools participating had grown to 14,075 and the number of children had risen to 892,259. From 1939 to 1942, the number of schools participating increased by 78,841, and the number of pupils participating increased by 5,272,540. In July 1943, in an attempt to salvage the deterioration of school lunches, Congress passed Public Law 129 to amend the Agricultural Act of 1935. This law re-established school lunch programs using $60 million to cover the purchase of food, but not labor. The next year, Congress appropriated another $50 million and allowed child-care centers to participate.

This is a document about Ketchup as a vegetable
  The Omnibus Reconciliation Act of 1981 required that final regulations be made available by November 11, 1981–90 days after the act's signing into law— and assigned the USDA's Food and Nutrition Service with proposing regulations to carry out the act's requirements. At the time the act became law, over 26 million children in 94,000 schools participated in the National School Lunch Plan. Of the participating students, 38 percent received free meals, 7 percent received reduced-price meals, and over half (55 percent) paid full cost. As requested in Section 818 of the act, such proposed regulations had to be based on a full review of all potential cost saving opportunities that local school

This is a document about Summer Food Service Program
  In 1946, President Harry S. Truman signed the National School Lunch Act (NSLA), Public Law 396. According to the School Nutrition Association: The legislation came in response to claims that many American men had been rejected from World War II military service because of diet-related health problems. The federally assisted meal program was established as a measure of national security, to safeguard the health and well-being of the Nation’s children and encourage domestic consumption of nutritious agricultural commodities. President Truman explained in his statement upon signing the NSLA, that “in the long view, no nation is any healthier than its children or more prosperous than its farmers; and in the National School

This is a document about Summer Food Service Program
  abundant crops, but no one could afford to buy them. Men and women could not come up with the money to feed their families. Some items are brought to the policy agenda by events that simply demand immediate attention. Faced with struggling farmers and hungry children, the federal government began providing funding in 1935 to purchase farm products to provide school lunches. The National School Lunch Program did exactly resemble what many had hoped it would. In the late eighteenth century and early nineteenth century the science of nutrition was struggling to find its place in American culture. The general public did not

This is a document about CalFresh
  Originally the Food Stamp Program was established by Henry Wallace, Secretary of Agriculture, in 1939 under the Roosevelt administration. Food stamps were first introduced in Rochester, New York. This program was then later readdressed by the introduction of the food stamp pilot programs in 1961, under the Kennedy administration. Later on January 31, 1964, President Johnson proposed to Congress to pass legislation that would make the food stamp programs permanent. In April 1965, the program participation reached half a million, eventually reaching 15 million in October, 1974. Beginning in 1990, electronic benefit transfer cards replaced paper food stamps, prompting a change

This is a document about National School Lunch Act
  School feeding in the United States underwent the same evolution as in Europe, beginning with sporadic food services undertaken by private societies and associations interested in child welfare and education. The Children's Aid Society of New York initiated a program in 1853, serving meals to students attending the vocational school.

The National School Lunch Program was signed into law by President Harry S. Truman on June 4, 1946.


Question: where was the first mardi gras held in the united states

Answer: Mobile

This is a document about Mardi Gras in the United States
 state holiday in Mobile and Baldwin counties. Other counties in the state grant employees a day of personal leave in lieu of Mardi Gras. Mobile, founded by Bienville in 1702, is known for having the oldest organized Mardi Gras celebrations in the United States, beginning in 1703. It was also host to the first formally organized Mardi Gras parade in the United States in 1830. Mobile's Mardi Gras celebrations revolve around mystic societies, private social organizations that have been a fundamental part of the social and business fabric of the city. The mystic societies are organizations, similar to krewes in

This is a document about Mardi Gras in the United States
 Carnival Association was founded and had its first parade; it was later renamed the Mobile Area Mardi Gras Association. In 1980 the "Order of Osiris", the oldest surviving gay and lesbian mystic society in Mobile, held its first ball. In 1995 the 1st Mobile International Carnival Ball was held, with every known Mobile mystic society in attendance. In 2002, Mobile celebrated its Tricentennial with parades representing every known mystic society. A documentary film, "The Order of Myths", was released in 2008 with a focus on Mardi Gras celebrations and how race and class influences many aspects of Mardi Gras in

This is a document about Mardi Gras in the United States
 a fictional Chickasaw chief named "Slacabamorinico" while parading in costume through the city streets on Fat Tuesday. He celebrated the day in front of Union Army occupation troops. The "Order of Myths", Mobile's oldest mystic society that continues to parade, was founded in 1867 and held its first parade on Mardi Gras night in 1868. The "Infant Mystics" also began to parade on Mardi Gras night in 1868, but later moved their parade to Lundi Gras. The Mobile Carnival Association was formed in 1871 to coordinate the events of Mardi Gras. That year was also the occasion of the First

This is a document about Mardi Gras
 New Orleans is today, and made camp. This was on 3 March 1699, Mardi Gras, so in honour of this holiday, Iberville named the spot "Point du Mardi Gras" (French: "Mardi Gras Point") and called the nearby tributary Bayou Mardi Gras. Bienville went on to found the settlement of Mobile, Alabama in 1702 as the first capital of French Louisiana. In 1703 French settlers in Mobile established the first organised Mardi Gras celebration tradition in what was to become the United States. The first informal mystic society, or krewe, was formed in Mobile in 1711, the "Boeuf Gras Society". By

This is a document about Mardi Gras in the United States
 3, 1699, Mardi Gras day, so in honor of this holiday, Iberville named the spot "Point du Mardi Gras" (French: "Mardi Gras Point") and called the small tributary Bayou Mardi Gras. Bienville went on to found Mobile, Alabama in 1702 as the first capital of French Louisiana. In 1703 French settlers in that city began to celebrate the Mardi Gras tradition. By 1720, Biloxi was made capital of Louisiana. While it had French settlers, Mardi Gras and other customs were celebrated with more fanfare given its new status. In 1723, the capital of French Louisiana was moved to New Orleans,

This is a document about Mardi Gras in the United States
 the city, including the mystic societies. According to statistics from the Alabama Tourism Department, Mobile Mardi Gras is the most-attended annual event in the state. The event attracted more than 800,000 people in 2010 and more than one million in 2011. Demopolis, another Alabama city with French roots, has held an annual Mardi Gras masquerade ball since 2008. The ball, hosted by the Marengo County Historical Society, is held at one of the city's historic mansions, Lyon Hall. The city was founded and named by a group of French expatriates, a mix of exiled former Bonapartists and other French migrants

This is a document about Mardi Gras in Mobile, Alabama
 Mardi Gras in Mobile, Alabama Mardi Gras is the annual Carnival celebration in Mobile, Alabama. It is the oldest annual Carnival celebration in the United States, started by Frenchman Nicholas Langlois in 1703 when Mobile was the capital of Louisiana. This was fifteen years before New Orleans was founded, although today their celebrations are much more widely known for all the current traditions such as masked balls, parades, floats and throws were first created there. From Mobile being the first capital of French Louisiana (1702), the festival began as a French Catholic tradition. Mardi Gras in Mobile has now evolved

This is a document about Mardi Gras in Mobile, Alabama
 finale. The Mobile Mardi Gras season uses several terms which have specific meanings for the events: Mardi Gras in Mobile, Alabama Mardi Gras is the annual Carnival celebration in Mobile, Alabama. It is the oldest annual Carnival celebration in the United States, started by Frenchman Nicholas Langlois in 1703 when Mobile was the capital of Louisiana. This was fifteen years before New Orleans was founded, although today their celebrations are much more widely known for all the current traditions such as masked balls, parades, floats and throws were first created there. From Mobile being the first capital of French Louisiana

This is a document about Mardi Gras in the United States
 Royal Court at which was crowned the first king of Carnival, Emperor Felix I. The "Comic Cowboys of Wragg Swamp" were established in 1884, along with their mission of satire and free expression. The "Continental Mystic Crew" mystic society was founded in 1890; it was Mobile's first Jewish mystic society. In 1894 the "Order of Doves" mystic society was founded and held its first Mardi Gras ball. It was the first African-American mystic society in Mobile. In 1929 the "Infant Mystics", the second oldest society that continues to parade, introduced the first electric floats to Mobile. In 1939 the Colored

This is a document about Mardi Gras in the United States
 floats to the parades in 1840 with a parade entitled, "Heathen Gods and Goddesses". The "Striker's Independent Society" was formed in 1843. It is the oldest surviving mystic society or krewe in the United States. In 1856 six businessmen, formerly of Mobile, gathered at a club room in New Orlean's French Quarter to organize a secret society to observe Mardi Gras with a formal parade. They founded New Orleans' first and oldest krewe, the "Mistick Krewe of Comus". Carnival celebrations in Mobile were cancelled during the American Civil War. In 1866 Joe Cain revived the Mardi Gras parades by portraying

This is a document about Mardi Gras throws
 Mardi Gras throws Mardi Gras throws are strings of beads, doubloons, cups, or other trinkets passed out or thrown from the floats in the New Orleans Mardi Gras, the Mobile Mardi Gras and parades all throughout the Gulf Coast of the United States, to spectators lining the streets. The "gaudy plastic jewelry, toys, and other mementos [are] tossed to the crowds from parading floats". Mardi Gras celebrations in other Gulf Coast cities, such as Mobile and Lafayette, have adopted the custom. "The goodies, or 'throws,' consist of necklaces of plastic beads, coins called doubloons, which are stamped with krewes' logos,

This is a document about Costume de rigueur
 during Mardi Gras celebrations in the United States, the stipulation of "costume de rigueur" means that men are required to wear white tie and black tails (with white bow tie), and women should wear a full-length evening gown. Costume de rigueur The term "costume de rigueur" (from French language) refers to a strict formal dresscode for the attire worn at a special event or in a particular venue. It is commonly used in invitations to a masquerade ball for the Mardi Gras in Mobile (Alabama) or New Orleans Mardi Gras (Louisiana) in the United States. However, the term is also

This is a document about Mardi Gras in the United States
 Moyne, Sieur d'Iberville, a 38-year-old French Canadian, named the spot Point du Mardi Gras (French: "Mardi Gras Point") near Fort Jackson. The earliest organized Carnival celebrations occurred in Mobile, Biloxi, New Orleans, and Pensacola, which have each developed separate traditions. In addition, modern activities generally vary from city to city across the U.S. Mardi Gras arrived in North America as a sedate French Catholic tradition with the Le Moyne brothers, Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville and Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville, in the late 17th century, when King Louis XIV sent the pair to defend France's claim on the territory of

This is a document about Mardi Gras in Mobile, Alabama
 Order of Athena, Neptune's Daughters and Mobile Area Mardi Gras Association (MAMGA). Each year, the Mardi Gras (or Carnival) season starts with three major events: the November parties of the International Carnival Ball and the Camellia Ball where the city's debutantes are presented, New Year's Eve and January 6, also known as Twelfth Night or the Feast of the Epiphany. In Mobile, the parade season generally starts three weekends before Mardi Gras Day with the Conde Cavaliers parade. Starting two Fridays before Mardi Gras, there is usually at least one parade every night. The Wednesday before Mardi Gras is reserved

This is a document about Mardi Gras in the United States
 held on Mardi Gras, itself. Many krewes in Pensacola are smaller than in Mobile or New Orleans, so typically a parade has floats sponsored by numerous different krewes, rather than a single krewe having its own parade. Older krewes holding Carnival balls but do not parade, include the Rebellaires (1947), Pierrettes, Mystic Maids sand Marionettes. Parading krewes include: Krewe of African Kings, Krewe of African Queens, Krewe of Andres de Pez, Krewe of Aphrodite, Krewe of Avant Garde, Krewe of Brewe, Krewe of Hip Huggers, Krewe of Jesters, Krewe of Lafitte, Mayoki Indians, Krewe of Nauga, Krewe of Seville, Krewe

This is a document about Joe Cain
 banquets were part of Mobile's New Year's Eve celebrations, rather than being held on Mardi Gras day. Other groups had developed Mardi Gras parades, but the Civil War had brought them to a halt. Cain was in New Orleans in 1867 for the Fireman's Day parade. He stayed over until the next day which was Mardi Gras that year, saw the celebration in the streets, and he returned to Mobile determined to revive the spirits of the citizens and to create a similar celebration of Mardi Gras for the people. He conceived the fictional character of Chief Slacabamorinico ("slaka-BAM orin-ah-CO")

This is a document about Mystic society
 Mystics" also begin to parade on Mardi Gras night in 1868, but later moved its parade to Lundi Gras (Fat Monday). The Mobile Carnival Association (MCA) was formed in 1871 to coordinate the events of Mardi Gras; this year also saw the first Royal Court held with the first king of Carnival, Emperor Felix I. The "Comic Cowboys of Wragg Swamp" were established in 1884, along with their mission of satire and free expression. The "Continental Mystic Crew" mystic society was founded in 1890, it was Mobile's first Jewish mystic society. The "Order of Doves" mystic society was founded in

This is a document about Mardi Gras in Mobile, Alabama
 60 miles downriver from the wilderness that would become New Orleans. Meanwhile, in 1702, the 21-year-old Bienville founded the settlement of Mobile (Alabama), as the first capital of French Louisiana,and in 1703, the American Mardi Gras tradition began with French annual celebrations in Mobile. The feasting and revelry on Mardi Gras in Mobile was called Boeuf Gras (fatted ox). Masked balls, with the Masque de la Mobile, began in 1704. The first known parade was in 1711, when Mobile's Boeuf Gras Society paraded on Mardi Gras, with 16 men pushing a cart carrying a large papier-mâché cow's head. By 1720,

This is a document about Mardi Gras in Mobile, Alabama
 is held, with area parochial and public schools providing floats and young riders. The Optimist Club hosts a family-oriented midway near Fort Conde, complete with carnival rides, food, games and activities. Lundi Gras is also a day for king cake parties and other family get-togethers in Mobile. As a tradition, after other parades, the Infant Mystics society has held its parade annually after 6 p.m. on this Monday night in downtown Mobile. Celebrations begin early on Mardi Gras day. Downtown, the long parade organized by the Order of Athena rolls first, followed by the Comic Cowboys, founded in 1884. The

The first Mardi Gras celebrations in the United States were held in Mobile, Alabama, in 1703. The first organized parade was held in 1837, and the first mystic society, the Order of Myths, was founded in 1855. The first recorded Mardi Gras parade in the United States was held in Mobile in 1837.