Question: who wrote the declaration of right of man

Answer: Marquis de Lafayette

This is a document about Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (), set by France's National Constituent Assembly in 1789, is a human civil rights document from the French Revolution. The Declaration was drafted by the Abbé Sieyès and the Marquis de Lafayette, in consultation with Thomas Jefferson. Influenced by the doctrine of "natural right", the rights of man are held to be universal: valid at all times and in every place, pertaining to human nature itself. It became the basis for a nation of free individuals protected equally by

This is a document about Expatriation Act of 1868
 principle of perpetual allegiance. The Expatriation Act of 1868 was codified at 25 Rev. Stat. § 1999, and then by 1940 had been re-enacted at . It is now the last note to . The United States had, since its early days, implicitly denied the doctrine of perpetual allegiance through its naturalization laws. President Thomas Jefferson wrote to Treasury Secretary Albert Gallatin that "I hold the right of expatriation to be inherent in every man by the laws of nature … the individual may [exercise such right] by any effectual and unequivocal act or declaration". Other countries, however, did not

This is a document about Sheffield Declaration
 Dr. Lemuel Bernard, Aaron Root, Major John Fellows, Philip Callender, Capt. William Day, Deacon Ebenezer Smith, Capt. Daniel Austin, Capt. Stephen Dewey, and Theodore Sedgwick, who wrote the text. The Declaration's was that "Mankind in a state of nature are equal, free, and independent of each other, and have a right to the undisturbed enjoyment of their lives, their liberty and property," These words are echoed in the most famous line of Thomas Jefferson's Declaration of Independence three years later: "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator

This is a document about United States Declaration of Independence
 documents", wrote Pauline Maier, "is there any evidence whatsoever that the Declaration of Independence lived in men's minds as a classic statement of American political principles." Many leaders of the French Revolution admired the Declaration of Independence but were also interested in the new American state constitutions. The inspiration and content of the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen (1789) emerged largely from the ideals of the American Revolution. Its key drafts were prepared by Lafayette, working closely in Paris with his friend Thomas Jefferson. It also borrowed language from George Mason's Virginia Declaration of Rights. The

This is a document about Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence
 though the Mecklenburg Declaration was supposedly written more than a year before the 1776 United States Declaration of Independence, the two declarations had some very similar phrases, including "dissolve the political bands which have connected", "absolve ourselves from all allegiance to the British Crown", "are, and of right ought to be", and "pledge to each other, our mutual cooperation, our lives, our fortunes, and our most sacred honor". This raised an obvious question: did Thomas Jefferson, the principal author of the American Declaration of Independence, use the Mecklenburg Declaration as a source? One person who thought so was John Adams,

This is a document about Declaration of the Rights of Woman and of the Female Citizen
  The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen was adopted in 1789 by the National Constituent Assembly (Assemblée nationale constituante), during the French revolution. Prepared and proposed by the Marquis de Lafayette, the declaration asserted that all men "are born and remain free and equal in rights" and that these rights were universal. The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen became a key human rights document and a classic formulation of the rights of individuals vis-a-vis the state. The Declaration exposed inconsistencies of laws that treated citizens differently on the basis of sex,

This is a document about Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
   The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (Déclaration des droits de l'homme et du citoyen de 1789), set by France's National Constituent Assembly in 1789, is a human civil rights document from the French Revolution. Inspired by Enlightenment philosophers, the Declaration was a core statement of the values of the French Revolution and had a major impact on the development of popular conceptions of individual liberty and democracy in Europe and worldwide. The Declaration was originally drafted by the Marquis de Lafayette, in consultation with Thomas Jefferson. Influenced by the doctrine of "natural right", the rights of man are held to be universal: valid at all times and in every place. It became the basis for a nation of free individuals protected equally by the law. It is included in the beginning of the constitutions of both the Fourth French Republic (1946) and Fifth Republic (1958) and is still current.

This is a document about 1791 slave rebellion
  In 1789 is made the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (Déclaration des droits de l'homme et du citoyen de 1789), set by France's National Constituent Assembly in 1789, it is a human civil rights document from the French Revolution. Inspired by Enlightenment philosophers, the Declaration was a core statement of the values of the French Revolution and had a major impact on the development of popular conceptions of individual liberty and democracy in Europe and worldwide. The Declaration was originally drafted by the Marquis de Lafayette, in consultation with Thomas Jefferson. Influenced by the doctrine of "natural right", the rights of man are held to be universal: valid at all times and in every place. It became the basis for a nation of free individuals protected equally by the law.

This is a document about American Enlightenment
  all men are by nature equally free and independent, and have certain inherent rights ... namely, the enjoyment of life and liberty, with the means of acquiring and possessing property, and pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety." The United States Declaration of Independence, which was primarily written by Thomas Jefferson, was adopted by the Second Continental Congress on July 4, 1776. The text of the second section of the Declaration of Independence reads: "We hold these Truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness."

This is a document about Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette
  Cornwallis until other American and French forces could position themselves for the decisive siege of Yorktown. Lafayette returned to France and was appointed to the Assembly of Notables in 1787, convened in response to the fiscal crisis. He was elected a member of the Estates General of 1789, where representatives met from the three traditional orders of French society: the clergy, the nobility, and the commoners. After forming the National Constituent Assembly, he helped to write the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen with Thomas Jefferson's assistance. This document was inspired by the United States Declaration of Independence and invoked natural law to establish basic principles of

This is a document about Sheffield Declaration
  Capt. William Day, Deacon Ebenezer Smith,  Capt. Nathaniel Austin, Capt. Stephen Dewey, and Theodore Sedgwick, who wrote the text. The Declaration's first resolution was that "Mankind in a state of nature are equal, free, and independent of each other, and have a right to the undisturbed enjoyment of their lives, their liberty and property," These words are echoed in the most famous line of Thomas Jefferson's Declaration of Independence three years later: "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness."

This is a document about Protestantism
  Revolutions was Marquis de Lafayette, an ardent supporter of the American constitutional principles. The French Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen was mainly based on Lafayette's draft of this document. The Declaration by United Nations and Universal Declaration of Human Rights also echo the American constitutional tradition. Democracy, social-contract theory, separation of powers, religious freedom, separation of church and state—these achievements of the Reformation and early Protestantism were elaborated on and popularized by Enlightenment thinkers. Some of the philosophers of the English, Scottish, German, and Swiss Enlightenment—Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, John Toland, David Hume, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Christian Wolff, Immanuel Kant, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau—had Protestant backgrounds. For example, John Locke, whose political thought was based on "a

This is a document about George Mason
  Mason "celebrated as a champion of constitutional order and one of the fathers of the Bill of Rights". Justice Sandra Day O'Connor agreed, "George Mason's greatest contribution to present day Constitutional law was his influence on our Bill of Rights". Mason's legacy extended overseas, doing so even in his lifetime, and though he never visited Europe, his ideals did. Lafayette's"Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen" was written in the early days of the French Revolution under the influence of Jefferson, the U.S. Minister to France. According to historian R.R. Palmer, "there was in fact a remarkable parallel between the French

This is a document about Rights of nature
  the University of Adelaide Law School and an Earth Jurisprudence scholar, has expanded upon Nash's analysis, offering that seventeenth century English philosopher and physician John Locke's transformative natural rights thesis led to the American Revolution, through the concept that the British monarchy was denying colonists their natural rights. Building on that concept, U.S. President, attorney, and philosopher Thomas Jefferson argued that the "laws of nature and of nature's God" reveal "self-evident" truths that "all Men are created equal" in their possession of "certain unalienable rights", particularly "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness". The 1789 French Declaration of the Rights

This is a document about Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette
  a monarchy in France, which led the National Assembly to vote against it. This idea contributed to his fall from favor, especially when Maximilien Robespierre took power. Lafayette was the author of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen in 1789 and a staunch opponent of slavery. His work never specifically mentioned slavery, but he made his position clear on the controversial topic through letters addressed to friends and colleagues such as Washington and Jefferson. He proposed that slaves not be owned but rather work as free tenants on the land of plantation owners, and he bought a plantation in the French colony

This is a document about Philosophy of human rights
  Edmund Burke was an 18th-century philosopher, political theorist and statesman largely associated with the school of conservatism. His views on natural rights are best articulated in Reflections on the Revolution in France, which directly attacked the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (1789) and its authors. A great deal of Burke's uneasiness of the Declaration lies in the drafter's abandonment of the existing establishment. For Burke, constitutional legitimacy was derived not from the Rousseauian doctrine of general will, but from a form of inherited wisdom. He thought that it was arrogant and limiting for the drafters of the Declaration to cast aside traditional notions that had stood the test of

This is a document about Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
  The content of the document emerged largely from the ideals of the Enlightenment. The principal drafts were prepared by Lafayette, working at times with his close friend Thomas Jefferson. In August 1789, the Abbé Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès and Honoré Mirabeau played a central role in conceptualizing and drafting the final Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. The last article of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen was adopted on the 26 of August 1789 by the National Constituent Assembly, during the period of the French Revolution, as the first step toward writing a constitution for France. Inspired by the Enlightenment, the original version of the Declaration was discussed by the representatives on the basis of a 24 article draft proposed by, led by Jérôme Champion de Cicé. The draft was later modified during the debates. A second and lengthier declaration, known as the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen of 1793, was written in 1793 but never formally adopted.

This is a document about Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness
  The United States Declaration of Independence was drafted by Thomas Jefferson, and then edited by the Committee of Five, which consisted of Jefferson, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman, and Robert Livingston. It was then further edited and adopted by the Committee of the Whole of the Second Continental Congress on July 4, 1776. The second paragraph of the first article in the Declaration of Independence contains the phrase "Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness". Jefferson's "original Rough draught" is on exhibit in the Library of Congress. This version was used by Julian Boyd to create a transcript of Jefferson's draft, which reads: "We hold these truths to be sacred & undeniable; that all men are created equal & independent, that from that equal creation they derive rights

This is a document about Divine right of kings
  King Charles I's execution. According to U.S. President John Adams, Ponet's work contained "all the essential principles of liberty, which were afterward dilated on by Sidney and Locke", including the idea of a three-branched government. Over time, opposition to the divine right of kings came from a number of sources, including poet John Milton in his pamphlet The Tenure of Kings and Magistrates, and Thomas Paine in his pamphlet Common Sense. Probably the two most famous declarations of a right to revolution against tyranny in the English language are John Locke's Essay concerning The True Original, Extent, and End of Civil-Government and Thomas Jefferson's formulation in the United States Declaration of Independence that "all men are created equal".

The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen was written by the Abbé Sieyès and the Marquis de Lafayette, with input from Thomas Jefferson. It was based on the notion of natural rights and was influenced by the ideas of John Locke and the American Declaration of Independence.


Question: where does the last name singh come from

Answer: India

This is a document about Singh
 Singh Singh (: ) is a title, middle name, or surname which originated in India. The word Singh means lion from the Sanskrit, the name is used as a surname to represent males and not females, it has been used as a word meant to represent the lion, it was adopted as a title by warriors in India, and mandated in the 18th century by Guru Gobind Singh for all Sikhs. It was later adopted by several castes and communities. As a surname or a middle name, it is now found throughout India and among the Indian diaspora, cutting across

This is a document about Ram Ekbal Singh Warsi
 Ram Ekbal Singh Warsi Ram Ekbal Singh Warsi ( 1922 – 10 October 2016), also spelled Ram Iqbal Worsi, was an Indian freedom fighter, social thinker from Bhojpur, Bihar. Warsi was the name of his native village, which he added to his last name. Warsi worked in Rohtas Group of Industries as a manual worker, and became an activist for Indian Independence in 1938. In 1942, he participated in the Quit India Movement and was impriosned, where he met socialist leaders Jayaprakash Narayan and Ram Manohar Lohia. He joined Subash Chandra Bose's Indian National Army in 1943. Socialist leader Ram

This is a document about Dan Singh Bisht
 the journal "Udaan" for Uttrakhand Open University where he was the Chief editor. He says it seems that now "Even Kumaon University which could not have come into existence without the DSB Campus does not remember him. It is our duty to pay homage to him and to his contribution to society and for his visionary and philanthropic spirit so that posterity also remembers him". Dan Singh Bisht, a pioneer of the entrepreneur philanthropist in modern India. During 1920–25 he endlessly lobbied with His Excellency Maurice Garnier Hallett who was the Governor of the United Provinces in India until 7

This is a document about Singh Is Bliing
 Goa where she hopes to find her estranged mother. Raftaar meets Kirpal Singh and lies about speaking English in order to get a job taking care of Sara while she is in India. Raftaar and his friends meet Sara at the airport; finding that Sara does not understand Hindi, Raftaar hires a translator, Emily (Lara Dutta). Sara meets Kirpal and feels safe but presumes Raftaar to be a bad guy. Sara's opinion changes when she sees Raftaar helping a woman who was bothered by a bunch of goons. When these goons later come after Raftaar, they are beaten-up by Sara.

This is a document about Maryada... of an Indian family
 name Vikram. The wife in London delivers a daughter name Meenakshi. Unfortunately, one day Surendra and his wife dies in an accident in London. Their last wish is to get their ashes immersed in India. To fulfill their wish, Meenakshi comes to India with her parents' ashes. There she goes to her dad’s family's house as he had told her to. The family does not accept her, especially Veerpratap Singh, and they want her to go back as soon as possible. Meenakshi stays in the house to convince everyone in the family to perform the last rituals for her parents.

This is a document about Manjit Singh (strongman)
 world record for the Guinness Book. Manjit Singh (strongman) Manjit Singh is a strongman originally from India, who moved to Leicestershire in 1977. He holds a number of Guinness World Records for feats of strength concerned with pulling large obstacles. Singh has recently come to greater attention in the UK after his appearance in the third series of "Britain's Got Talent". He is a serial breaker and setter of Guinness World Records and at last count is noted as holding 31, including pulling an empty double-decker bus over 55 feet with his teeth, pulling a double-decker with 54 passengers on

This is a document about Manjit Singh (strongman)
 Manjit Singh (strongman) Manjit Singh is a strongman originally from India, who moved to Leicestershire in 1977. He holds a number of Guinness World Records for feats of strength concerned with pulling large obstacles. Singh has recently come to greater attention in the UK after his appearance in the third series of "Britain's Got Talent". He is a serial breaker and setter of Guinness World Records and at last count is noted as holding 31, including pulling an empty double-decker bus over 55 feet with his teeth, pulling a double-decker with 54 passengers on board with one hand for a

This is a document about Rudra Pratap Singh
 Rudra Pratap Singh Rudra Pratap Singh Bundela (died 1531) was the founder and first raja of the kingdom that became the princely state of Orchha, India, during the British Raj era. His name is sometimes spelled Rudrapratap Singh and his last name, Bundela, is often omitted. Rudra Pratap Singh was a chief of Bundela Rajput descent. He reigned between 1501–1531, during which time he built the fort at what is now the town of Orchha, on the banks of the river Betwa. He moved his capital from Garh Kundar to that town in 1531 and died in the same year.

This is a document about Chandauli
 Tirthankar Parshvanath.In 1775 Kashi Kingdom had come under the influence of British Empire. The last king of this generation was Bibhuti Narayan Singh who ruled for about eight years till the emergence of independence, Banaras state was merged with India. Babu Prashidh Narayan singh was the 1st graduate in Chandauli District. He was the first leader of Varanasi and Chandauli district. He was the first Chairman of Banaras District Board. Kadirabad is the birthplace of Babu Prashidh Narayan singh, the freedom fighter from Chandauli and Varanasi. Chandauli is located at . It has an average elevation of . It comes

This is a document about Talwinder Singh Parmar
 nephew of Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale, who was claimed to have been the mastermind behind the bombing of Air India Flight 182. Tehelka reported that Parmar had been interrogated in India between 9 and 14 October 1992, by senior police officers, where he revealed that the Air India 182 blasts were instigated by Lakhbir Singh Rode. Recently, retired Punjab Police DSP Harmail Singh Chandi, the key official behind Parmar's arrest at Jammu in September 1992, and his subsequent interrogation before he was killed, has come forward with audiotapes and statements from Parmar's confessions. Despite being ordered to destroy these records, he

This is a document about Wat Phra Singh
 of the main street (Rachadamnoen road) of Chiang Mai. The road runs east from the temple, via Tapae Gate, to the Ping River. Phra Singh is an abbreviated form of Phra-Put-Tha-Shi-Hing and does not refer to the word Singh ("lion"). The temple houses an important Buddha statue: the "Phra Buddha Sihing" which gives the temple its name. The origins of this statue are unknown but, according to legend, it was based on the "lion of Shakya", a statue since lost which used to be housed in the Mahabodhi Temple of Bodh Gaya (India). The Phra Buddha Sihing statue is supposed

This is a document about Ghadar Party
 which means "revolt" or "rebellion." As Kartar Singh Sarabha, one of the founders of the party, wrote in the first issue: "Today there begins 'Ghadar' in foreign lands, but in our country's tongue, a war against the British Raj. What is our name? Ghadar. What is our work? Ghadar. Where will be the Revolution? In India. The time will soon come when rifles and blood will take the place of pens and ink." The name of the organisation was primarily spelled "Gadar Party" or "Ghadr Party" by its members. The economic downturn in India during the early twentieth century witnessed

This is a document about Shanky Singh
 Shanky Singh Gurvinder Singh Malhotra, also known by his ring name Shanky Singh is an Indian professional wrestler currently signed into Continental Wrestling Entertainment (CWE) and is the current CWE World Heavyweight Champion since May 7, 2018 by defeating Faruqua Khan. He had an interview with India's Hindi language newspaper Dainik Bhaskar where he said that his career's ambition is to join WWE and defeat Brock Lesnar. Gurvinder Singh Malhotra was born to Sardar Narendra Singh and Narendra Kaur in 1991 in Jagadhri, Haryana, India. He was from a middle-class family. He pursued B.Com from Maharaja Agrasen College of University

This is a document about Gouramangi Singh
 a modest background. Gouramangi is notable for being one of India's highest paid footballers and even sportspeople. While at Churchill Brothers Singh made Rs.1 crore playing in the 2012-2013 season. Playing for Prayag United Singh earned an impressive Rs. 1.05 crore from his club. During the 2014 Indian Super League Gouramangi, along with Subrata Pal and Syed Rahim Nabi where the most valuable players of the league making Rs. 80 lakhs each. Gouramangi Singh Gouramangi Singh Moirangthem (born 25 January 1986) is an Indian professional footballer who last played as a centre back for NEROCA in the I-League. A product

This is a document about Mastana Balochistani
 At the age of 14 years, Balochistani left home in search of a perfect spiritual Guru (teacher). At last, after searching for nine years, he reached Beas in the state of Punjab in India, where he met Baba Sawan Singh (the second Satguru of Satsang Beas where he attended his Satsang (spiritual congregation) and learned the method of meditation from him. Baba Sawan Singh entrusted Balochistani with the task of conducting spiritual discourses and teaching meditation to the people in the provinces of Balochistan, Sindh and Punjab. Later Baba Sawan Singh assigned Balochistani duty in the vicinity of Bagarh a

This is a document about Hardial Singh Johal
 a "Mohinderbel Singh" for Air India Flight 301 to Tokyo, and another under the name of "Jaswand Singh" for CP Air Flight 086, which was connecting to the Air India flight. The contact phone number left with the ticket agent became one of the first leads tracked by investigators, and was owned by Johal. The initial phone conversation, as translated, included the following exchange; It is believed that "writing the story" referred to purchasing the tickets for the flight, and after the tickets were purchased, Johal phoned Parmar back and asked if he could "come over and read the story

This is a document about Dara Singh
 King Kong is always remembered. In 1954 Dara competed in the Rustam-e-Hind (Champion of India) tournament where he won the final by defeating Tiger Joginder Singh and received a silver cup from Maharaja Hari Singh. In 1959, he won the Commonwealth Championship by defeating George Gordienko at Calcutta. On 29 May 1968 in Bombay, his victory over Lou Thesz earned him the World championship. His last tournament, where he announced his retirement, was held in Delhi in June 1983. In 1996 he was inducted into the Wrestling Observer Newsletter Hall of Fame. On 7 April 2018 WWE inducted him in

This is a document about Singh
  Singh (IPA: ) is a title, middle name, or surname that means "lion" in various South Asian and Southeast Asian communities. Traditionally used by the Hindu Kshatriya community, it eventually became a common surname adopted by different communities including Rajputs and Sikhs. It was later mandated in the late 17th century by Guru Gobind Singh (born Gobind Rai) for all male Sikhs as well, in part as a rejection of caste-based prejudice. It has also been adopted by several castes and communities. As a surname or a middle name, it is now found throughout the world across communities and religious groups, becoming more of a title than a surname.

This is a document about List of people with surname Singh
  A number of notable people have the surname Singh:

The last name "Singh" originates from India and means "lion" in Sanskrit. It was adopted as a surname by warriors and later mandated by Guru Gobind Singh for all Sikhs in the 18th century.


Question: why do longer dna molecules move more slowly than shorter ones during electrophoresis

Answer: resistance

This is a document about Gel electrophoresis of nucleic acids
 more slowly because they experience more resistance within the gel. Because the size of the molecule affects its mobility, smaller fragments end up nearer to the anode than longer ones in a given period. After some time, the voltage is removed and the fragmentation gradient is analyzed. For larger separations between similar sized fragments, either the voltage or run time can be increased. Extended runs across a low voltage gel yield the most accurate resolution. Voltage is, however, not the sole factor in determining electrophoresis of nucleic acids. The nucleic acid to be separated can be prepared in several ways

This is a document about Gel electrophoresis of nucleic acids
  depending on the preparation methods) may move ahead of the supercoiled DNA. The rate at which the various forms move however can change using different electrophoresis conditions, for example linear DNA may run faster or slower than supercoiled DNA depending on conditions, and the mobility of larger circular DNA may be more strongly affected than linear DNA by the pore size of the gel. Unless supercoiled DNA markers are used, the size of a circular DNA like plasmid therefore may be more accurately gauged after it has been linearized by restriction digest. DNA damage due to increased cross-linking will also reduce electrophoretic DNA migration in a dose-dependent way.

This is a document about Gel electrophoresis of nucleic acids
  The negative charge of its phosphate backbone moves the DNA towards the positively charged anode during electrophoresis. However, the migration of DNA molecules in solution, in the absence of a gel matrix, is independent of molecular weight during electrophoresis, i.e. there is no separation by size without a gel matrix. Hydrodynamic interaction between different parts of the DNA are cut off by streaming counterions moving in the opposite direction, so no mechanism exists to generate a dependence of velocity on length on a scale larger than screening length of about 10 nm. This makes it different from other processes such as sedimentation or diffusion where long-ranged hydrodynamic interaction are important. The gel matrix is

This is a document about Agarose gel electrophoresis
   A number of factors can affect the migration of nucleic acids: the dimension of the gel pores (gel concentration), size of DNA being electrophoresed, the voltage used, the ionic strength of the buffer, and the concentration of intercalating dye such as ethidium bromide if used during electrophoresis. Smaller molecules travel faster than larger molecules in gel, and double-stranded DNA moves at a rate that is inversely proportional to the logarithm of the number of base pairs. This relationship however breaks down with very large DNA fragments, and separation of very large DNA fragments requires the use of pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), which applies alternating current from different directions and

This is a document about Gel electrophoresis of nucleic acids
  long chains that cannot reach its steady state velocity from the short ones that travel most of the time in steady velocity. Other models, however, also exist. Real-time fluorescence microscopy of stained molecules showed more subtle dynamics during electrophoresis, with the DNA showing considerable elasticity as it alternately stretching in the direction of the applied field and then contracting into a ball, or becoming hooked into a U-shape when it gets caught on the polymer fibres. This observation may be termed the "caterpillar" model. Other model proposes that the DNA gets entangled with the polymer matrix, and the larger the molecule, the more likely it is to become entangled and its movement impeded.

This is a document about Plasmid
  of small linear DNA fragments is a function of their length. Large linear fragments (over 20 kb or so) migrate at a certain fixed rate regardless of length. This is because the molecules 'respirate', with the bulk of the molecule following the leading end through the gel matrix. Restriction digests are frequently used to analyse purified plasmids. These enzymes specifically break the DNA at certain short sequences. The resulting linear fragments form 'bands' after gel electrophoresis. It is possible to purify certain fragments by cutting the bands out of the gel and dissolving the gel to release the DNA fragments. Because of its tight conformation, supercoiled DNA migrates faster through a gel than linear or open-circular DNA.

This is a document about Gel electrophoresis of nucleic acids
  size of the molecule affects its mobility, smaller fragments end up nearer to the anode than longer ones in a given period. After some time, the voltage is removed and the fragmentation gradient is analyzed. For larger separations between similar sized fragments, either the voltage or run time can be increased. Extended runs across a low voltage gel yield the most accurate resolution. Voltage is, however, not the sole factor in determining electrophoresis of nucleic acids. The nucleic acid to be separated can be prepared in several ways before separation by electrophoresis. In the case of large DNA molecules, the DNA is frequently cut into smaller

This is a document about Gel electrophoresis of nucleic acids
  The gel sieves the DNA by the size of the DNA molecule whereby smaller molecules travel faster. Double-stranded DNA moves at a rate that is approximately inversely proportional to the logarithm of the number of base pairs. This relationship however breaks down with very large DNA fragments and it is not possible to separate them using standard agarose gel electrophoresis. The limit of resolution depends on gel composition and field strength. and the mobility of larger circular DNA may be more strongly affected than linear DNA by the pore size of the gel. Separation of very large DNA fragments requires pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). In field inversion gel electrophoresis (FIGE, a kind of PFGE), it is possible to have "band inversion" - where large molecules may move faster than small molecules.

This is a document about Agarose gel electrophoresis
  breaks down for large molecules whereby the pores are significantly smaller than size of the molecule. For DNA molecules of size greater than 1 kb, a reptation model (or its variants) is most commonly used. This model assumes that the DNA can crawl in a "snake-like" fashion (hence "reptation") through the pores as an elongated molecule. A biased reptation model applies at higher electric field strength, whereby the leading end of the molecule become strongly biased in the forward direction and pulls the rest of the molecule along. Real-time fluorescence microscopy of stained molecules, however, showed more subtle dynamics during electrophoresis, with the DNA showing considerable elasticity as it alternately stretching in the direction of the applied field and then contracting into a ball, or becoming hooked into a U-shape when it gets caught on the polymer fibres.

This is a document about Agarose gel electrophoresis
  large DNA fragments are separated as they reorient themselves with the changing field. For standard agarose gel electrophoresis, larger molecules are resolved better using a low concentration gel while smaller molecules separate better at high concentration gel. Higher concentration gels, however, require longer run times (sometimes days). The movement of the DNA may be affected by the conformation of the DNA molecule, for example, supercoiled DNA usually moves faster than relaxed DNA because it is tightly coiled and hence more compact. In a normal plasmid DNA preparation, multiple forms of DNA may be present. Gel electrophoresis of the plasmids would normally show the negatively supercoiled form as the main band,

This is a document about Agarose gel electrophoresis
  The negative charge of its phosphate backbone moves the DNA towards the positively charged anode during electrophoresis. However, the migration of DNA molecules in solution, in the absence of a gel matrix, is independent of molecular weight during electrophoresis. The gel matrix is therefore responsible for the separation of DNA by size during electrophoresis, and a number of models exist to explain the mechanism of separation of biomolecules in gel matrix. A widely accepted one is the Ogston model which treats the polymer matrix as a sieve. A globular protein or a random coil DNA moves through the interconnected pores, and the movement of larger molecules is more likely to be impeded and slowed down by collisions with the gel matrix, and the molecules of different sizes can therefore be separated in this sieving process. The Ogston model

This is a document about Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis
  While in general small fragments can find their way through the gel matrix more easily than large DNA fragments, a threshold length exists above 30–50 kb where all large fragments will run at the same rate, and appear in a gel as a single large diffuse band. However, with periodic changing of field direction, the various lengths of DNA react to the change at differing rates. That is, larger pieces of DNA will be slower to realign their charge when field direction is changed, while smaller pieces will be quicker. Over the course of time with the consistent changing of directions, each band will begin to separate more and more even at very large lengths. Thus separation of very large DNA pieces using PFGE is made possible.

This is a document about Gel electrophoresis of nucleic acids
  Nucleic acid electrophoresis is an analytical technique used to separate DNA or RNA fragments by size and reactivity. Nucleic acid molecules which are to be analyzed are set upon a viscous medium, the gel, where an electric field induces the nucleic acids (which are negatively charged due to their sugar-phosphate backbone) to migrate toward the anode (which is positively charged because this is an electrolytic rather than galvanic cell). The separation of these fragments is accomplished by exploiting the mobilities with which different sized molecules are able to pass through the gel. Longer molecules migrate more slowly because they experience more resistance within the gel. Because

This is a document about Gel electrophoresis of nucleic acids
  The conformation of the DNA molecule can significantly affect the movement of the DNA, for example, supercoiled DNA usually moves faster than relaxed DNA because it is tightly coiled and hence more compact. In a normal plasmid DNA preparation, multiple forms of DNA may be present, and gel from the electrophoresis of the plasmids would normally show a main band which would be the negatively supercoiled form, while other forms of DNA may appear as minor fainter bands. These minor bands may be nicked DNA (open circular form) and the relaxed closed circular form which normally run slower than supercoiled DNA, and the single-stranded form (which can sometimes

This is a document about Agarose gel electrophoresis
  supercoiling topology. DNA damage due to increased cross-linking will also reduce electrophoretic DNA migration in a dose-dependent way. The rate of migration of the DNA is proportional to the voltage applied, i.e. the higher the voltage, the faster the DNA moves. The resolution of large DNA fragments however is lower at high voltage. The mobility of DNA may also change in an unsteady field – in a field that is periodically reversed, the mobility of DNA of a particular size may drop significantly at a particular cycling frequency. This phenomenon can result in band inversion in field inversion gel electrophoresis (FIGE), whereby larger DNA fragments move faster than smaller ones.

This is a document about Gel electrophoresis of nucleic acids
  At low voltages, the rate of migration of the DNA is proportional to the voltage applied, i.e. the higher the voltage, the faster the DNA moves. However, in increasing electric field strength, the mobility of high-molecular-weight DNA fragments increases differentially, and the effective range of separation decreases and resolution therefore is lower at high voltage. For optimal resolution of DNA greater than 2kb in size in standard gel electrophoresis, 5 to 8 V/cm is recommended. Voltage is also limited by the fact that it heats the gel and may cause the gel to melt if a gel is run at high voltage for a prolonged period, particularly for low-melting point agarose gel. The mobility of DNA however may change in an unsteady field. In a field that is periodically reversed, the mobility of DNA of a particular size may drop significantly at a particular cycling frequency. This phenomenon can result in band inversion whereby larger DNA fragments move faster than smaller ones in PFGE.

This is a document about Plasmid
  ; Supercoiled denatured DNA is like supercoiled DNA, but has unpaired regions that make it slightly less compact; this can result from excessive alkalinity during plasmid preparation. Plasmid DNA may appear in one of five conformations, which (for a given size) run at different speeds in a gel during electrophoresis. The conformations are listed below in order of electrophoretic mobility (speed for a given applied voltage) from slowest to fastest: The rate of migration for small linear fragments is directly proportional to the voltage applied at low voltages. At higher voltages, larger fragments migrate at continuously increasing yet different rates. Thus, the resolution of a gel decreases with increased voltage. At a specified, low voltage, the migration

This is a document about Synchronous coefficient of drag alteration
  DNA molecules are unique in that they are long, charged polymers which when in a separation medium, such as agarose gel, can exhibit highly non-linear velocity profiles in response to an electric field. As such, DNA is easily separated from other molecules that are not both charged and strongly non-linear, using SCODA

This is a document about Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis
  DNA has a negative charge and so will move to the positive electrode in an electric field. A gel is a molecular mesh, with holes roughly the same size as the diameter of the DNA string. When an electric field is applied, the DNA will begin to move through the gel, at a speed roughly inversely proportional to the length of the DNA molecule (shorter lengths of DNA travel faster) — this is the basis for size dependent separation in standard electrophoresis. In TGGE there is also a temperature gradient across the gel. At room temperature, the DNA will exist stably in

Longer DNA molecules move more slowly than shorter ones during electrophoresis due to their larger size and the hydrodynamic interaction with the surrounding medium. This interaction generates a streaming counter-current that opposes the movement of the DNA molecules, making it more difficult for larger molecules to move through the gel.


Question: where do i find the url of a website

Answer: address bar

This is a document about URL
 URL A Uniform Resource Locator (URL), colloquially termed a web address, is a reference to a web resource that specifies its location on a computer network and a mechanism for retrieving it. A URL is a specific type of Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), although many people use the two terms interchangeably. URLs occur most commonly to reference web pages (http), but are also used for file transfer (ftp), email (mailto), database access (JDBC), and many other applications. Most web browsers display the URL of a web page above the page in an address bar. A typical URL could have the

This is a document about Spoofed URL
 have. Spoofed URL A spoofed URL describes one website that poses as another website. It sometimes applies a mechanism that exploits bugs in web browser technology, allowing a malicious computer attack. Such attacks are most effective against computers that lack recent security patches. Others are designed for the purpose of a parody. During such an attack, a computer user innocently visits a web site and sees a familiar URL in the address bar such as "<nowiki>http://www.wikipedia.org</nowiki>" but is, in reality, sending information to an entirely different location that would typically be monitored by an information thief. When sensitive information is

This is a document about Spoofed URL
 Spoofed URL A spoofed URL describes one website that poses as another website. It sometimes applies a mechanism that exploits bugs in web browser technology, allowing a malicious computer attack. Such attacks are most effective against computers that lack recent security patches. Others are designed for the purpose of a parody. During such an attack, a computer user innocently visits a web site and sees a familiar URL in the address bar such as "<nowiki>http://www.wikipedia.org</nowiki>" but is, in reality, sending information to an entirely different location that would typically be monitored by an information thief. When sensitive information is requested

This is a document about Address bar
 Address bar In a web browser, the address bar (also location bar or URL bar) is a graphical control element that shows the current URL. The user can type a URL into the bar to navigate to a chosen website. In a file browser it serves the same purpose of navigation but through the file-system hierarchy. Many address bars offer features like autocomplete and a list of suggestions while the address is being typed in. This auto-completion feature bases its suggestions on the browser's history. Some browsers have keyboard shortcuts to auto-complete an address. These are generally configured by the

This is a document about URL
  A Uniform Resource Locator (URL), colloquially termed a web address, is a reference to a web resource that specifies its location on a computer network and a mechanism for retrieving it. A URL is a specific type of Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), although many people use the two terms interchangeably. URLs occur most commonly to reference web pages (http) but are also used for file transfer (ftp), email (mailto), database access (JDBC), and many other applications. Most web browsers display the URL of a web page above the page in an address bar. A typical URL could have the form //www.example.com/index.html, which indicates a protocol , a hostname , and a file name.

This is a document about Uniform Resource Identifier
  URL refers to a resource identified as , whose representation, in the form of HTML and related code, is obtainable via the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (http:) from a network host whose domain name is. A URN may be compared to a person's name, while a URL may be compared to their street address. In other words, a URN identifies an item and a URL provides a method for finding it. Technical publications, especially standards produced by the IETF and by the W3C, normally reflect a view outlined in a W3C Recommendation of 30 July 2001, which acknowledges the precedence of the term URI rather than endorsing any formal subdivision into URL and URN. URL

This is a document about Pocket Kingdom: Own the World
 Website on the Webarchive

This is a document about OpenURL
  An OpenURL is similar to a web address, but instead of referring to a physical website, it refers to an article, book, patent, or other resource within a website. OpenURLs are similar to permalinks because they are permanently connected to a resource, regardless of which website the resource is connected to. Libraries and other resource centers are the most common place to find OpenURLs because an OpenURL can help Internet users find a copy of a resource that they may otherwise have limited access to. The source that generates an OpenURL is often a bibliographic citation or bibliographic record in a database.

This is a document about Memento Project
 urltoarchive ; urltoarchive ; urltoarchive ; urltoarchive ; urltoarchive ; or urltoarchive ; urltoarchive ; urltoarchive ; urltoarchive ; urltoarchive One can find copies of page by simply navigating, in a web browser, to a link formatted, replacing   with the full URL of the page desired: JSON description of a Memento: redirect to a Memento with a datetime that is close to a desired datetime:

This is a document about World Wide Web
   A website is a collection of related web resources including web pages, multimedia content, typically identified with a common domain name, and published on at least one web server. Notable examples are wikipedia.org, google.com, and amazon.com. A website may be accessible via a public Internet Protocol (IP) network, such as the Internet, or a private local area network (LAN), by referencing a uniform resource locator (URL) that identifies the site. Websites can have many functions and can be used in various fashions; a website can be a personal website, a corporate website for a company, a government website, an organization website, etc. Websites are typically dedicated to a particular topic or purpose, ranging

This is a document about Uniform Resource Identifier
  a useful but informal concept: a URL is a type of URI that identifies a resource via a representation of its primary access mechanism (e.g., its network "location"), rather than by some other attributes it may have. As such, a URL is simply a URI that happens to point to a resource over a network. However, in non-technical contexts and in software for the World Wide Web, the term "URL" remains widely used. Additionally, the term "web address" (which has no formal definition) often occurs in non-technical publications as a synonym for a URI that uses the http or https schemes. Such assumptions can lead to confusion, for example, in the case of XML

This is a document about Website
  A website (also written as web site) is a collection of web pages and related content that is identified by a common domain name and published on at least one web server. Notable examples are wikipedia.org, google.com, and amazon.com. All publicly accessible websites collectively constitute the World Wide Web. There are also private websites that can only be accessed on a private network, such as a company's internal website for its employees. Websites are typically dedicated to a particular topic or purpose, such as news, education, commerce, entertainment, or social networking. Hyperlinking between web pages guides the navigation of the site, which often starts with a home page. Users can access websites on a range of devices, including desktops, laptops, tablets, and smartphones. The app used on these devices is called a web browser.

This is a document about Adelaide Carpenter
 Web page at University of Cambridge Web page at University of Cambridge

This is a document about World Wide Web
  A web page (also written as webpage) is a document that is suitable for the World Wide Web and web browsers. A web browser displays a web page on a monitor or mobile device. The term web page usually refers to what is visible, but may also refer to the contents of the computer file itself, which is usually a text file containing hypertext written in HTML or a comparable markup language. Typical web pages provide hypertext for browsing to other web pages via hyperlinks, often referred to as links. Web browsers will frequently have to access multiple web resource elements, such as reading style sheets, scripts, and

This is a document about Ganymede Abducted by the Eagle
 Page at museum's website

This is a document about British Telecommunications plc v. Prodigy
  Once more, the court judged in favor of Prodigy, saying that Prodigy internet service did not include the complete address of a piece of information, as required by the Sargent patent. The Uniform Resource Locator ("URL") standard that uniquely names the location of resources requires additional information, in the form of a TCP/IP protocol, in order to access a web page from a web server. More specifically, when a user requests information, the web browser the user is using first obtains the IP address of the server where the corresponding information resides and then accesses the external Domain Name System (DNS) server to get the desired information. Thus, the way internet finds the location of requested information is not complete as specified in the Sargent patent.

This is a document about Launchy
 Allows web search ; Can launch URLs, also from bookmarks

This is a document about Canonicalization
  A canonical URL is the URL of the page that Google thinks is most representative from a set of duplicate pages on your site. For example, if you have URLs for the same page (for example  and  ), Google chooses one as canonical. Note that the pages do not need to be absolutely identical; minor changes in sorting or filtering of list pages do not make the page unique (for example, sorting by price or filtering by item color). The canonical can be in a different domain than a duplicate. Search engines may treat URLs as duplicate by different reasons. For example  These URLs may have similar content but Google may consider them duplicate. Adding a Canonical URL on original page could solve this problem.

This is a document about San Lazzaro degli Armeni
 Alt URL ; web version ; Part I, Part II, Part III Part I, Part II, Part III Part I, Part II, Part III Part I, Part II, Part III Part I, Part II, Part III

This is a document about National AIDS Commission of Indonesia
 Official website (dead link), archived copy in Internet Archive

To find the URL of a website, you can look for it in the address bar of your web browser when you are already on the website. Alternatively, you can right-click on the page and select "Copy link address" or "Copy link location" from the context menu. If you are not yet on the website, you can search for it using a search engine and look for the URL in the search results.


Question: who played momma in throw momma from the train

Answer: Anne Ramsey

This is a document about Throw Momma from the Train
 singled out for praise for her portrayal of the overbearing Mrs. Lift; she won a Saturn Award and was nominated for a Golden Globe Award and the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. Novelist Larry Donner (Billy Crystal) struggles with writer's block due to his resentment towards his ex-wife Margaret (Kate Mulgrew), who stole his book and garnered mainstream success and critical acclaim with it. Owen Lift (Danny DeVito) is a timid, middle-aged fellow who still lives with his overbearing, abusive and paranoid mother (Anne Ramsey). Owen fantasizes about killing his mother but can't summon the courage to bring his

This is a document about Throw Momma from the Train
 Throw Momma from the Train Throw Momma from the Train is a 1987 American black comedy film directed by and starring Danny DeVito in his directorial feature film debut. The film co-stars Billy Crystal, Rob Reiner, Anne Ramsey, Branford Marsalis, Kim Greist, and Kate Mulgrew appearing in supporting roles. The title comes from Patti Page's 1956 hit song, "Mama from the Train (A Kiss, A Kiss)". The film was inspired by the 1951 Alfred Hitchcock thriller "Strangers on a Train", which is also seen in the film. The film received mixed reviews, but was a commercial success. Anne Ramsey was

This is a document about Anne Ramsey
 Anne Ramsey Angelina "Anne" Ramsey (March 27, 1929 – August 11, 1988) was an American stage, television, and film actress. She portrayed Mama Fratelli in "The Goonies" (1985) and Mrs. Lift, mother of Danny DeVito's protagonist, in "Throw Momma from the Train" (1987). The latter film saw Ramsey nominated for a Golden Globe Award and the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. Anne Ramsey was born Angelina Mobley in Omaha, Nebraska, the daughter of Eleanor (née Smith), the former national treasurer of the Girl Scouts of the USA, and Nathan Mobley, an insurance executive. Her mother was a descendant of

This is a document about Danny DeVito
 and its 1985 sequel, "The Jewel of the Nile". In 1986, DeVito starred in "Ruthless People" with Bette Midler and Judge Reinhold, and in 1987, he made his feature-directing debut with the dark comedy "Throw Momma from the Train", in which he starred with Billy Crystal and Anne Ramsey. Two years later, DeVito reunited with Douglas and Turner in "The War of the Roses", which he directed and in which he co-starred. DeVito's work during this time includes "Other People's Money" with Gregory Peck, director Barry Levinson's "Tin Men" as a competitive rival salesman to Richard Dreyfuss' character, two co-starring

This is a document about Throw Momma from the Train
  Throw Momma from the Train is a 1987 American black comedy film directed by and starring Danny DeVito, also starring Billy Crystal and Anne Ramsey, with Rob Reiner, Branford Marsalis, Kim Greist and Kate Mulgrew appearing in supporting roles. The title comes from Patti Page's 1956 hit song, "Mama from the Train (A Kiss, A Kiss)". The film was inspired by the 1951 Alfred Hitchcock thriller Strangers on a Train, which is also seen in the film. The film received mixed reviews, but was a commercial success. Anne Ramsey was singled out for praise for her portrayal of the overbearing Mrs. Lift; she won a Saturn Award and was nominated for a Golden Globe Award and the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress.

This is a document about Anne Ramsey
  Angelina "Anne" Ramsey (née Mobley; March 27, 1929 – August 11, 1988) was an American actress. She is best known for her film roles as Mama Fratelli in The Goonies (1985) and as Mrs. Lift in Throw Momma from the Train (1987), the latter of which earned her nominations for an Academy Award and a Golden Globe Award.

This is a document about Throw Momma from the Train
  Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a score of 63% based on reviews from 35 critics, with the consensus being that "Danny DeVito's direction is too broad to offer the kind of nastiness that would have made Throw Momma from the Train truly special, but DeVito's on-screen chemistry with co-star Billy Crystal makes this a smoothly entertaining comedy." Audiences polled by Cinemascore gave the film a C+ grade on a scale from A+ to F.

This is a document about Anne Ramsey
  In the 1970s, Ramsey began a successful Hollywood career in character roles and appeared in such television programs as Little House on the Prairie, Wonder Woman, Three's Company and Ironside. She appeared with her husband in seven films, including her first, The Sporting Club (1971), and her last, Meet the Hollowheads (1989). In 1988, Ramsey was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress and the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture for her performance in Throw Momma from the Train (1987), with Billy Crystal and Danny DeVito. The film also earned her a second Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress; she had received her first for The Goonies (1985). In February 1988, she guest-starred on an episode of ALF that aired six months before her death. She also appeared in six films released in the two years after her death.

This is a document about Mama from the Train
 Homer and Jethro, a country music comedy team, recorded a parody of this song that included the lines "Throw mama from the train, but quick, but quick." ; In New York City during the 1950s, Jewish street vendors who sold knishes near subway train stations lettered signs that punned, "Throw Mama from the train a knish, a knish ... don't leave her hungry behind". ; In 1987, Danny DeVito and Billy Crystal starred in the dark comedy film Throw Momma From the Train, which was also based in part on the 1951 Alfred Hitchcock film Strangers on a Train. The title, as printed on the sheet music — Mama From the Train (A Kiss, A Kiss) — and the first line of the refrain — "Throw Mama from the train a kiss, a kiss" — inspired two parodies:

This is a document about 1987 in film
 A Taxing Woman (Marusa no onna), directed by Juzo Itami, starring Nobuko Miyamoto, and Tsutomu Yamazaki (Japan) ; Teen Wolf Too, directed by Christopher Leitch, starring Jason Bateman, Kim Darby, John Astin, Paul Sand, James Hampton, Mark Holton, Estee Chandler, and Stuart Fratkin ; Three for the Road, directed by Bill L. Norton, starring Charlie Sheen, Alan Ruck, Kerri Green, Sally Kellerman, and Blair Tefkin ; Three Men and a Baby, directed by Leonard Nimoy, starring Tom Selleck, Steve Guttenberg, Ted Danson, Nancy Travis ; Three O'Clock High, directed by Phil Joanou, starring Casey Siemaszko, Anne Ryan, Richard Tyson, Jeffrey Tambor, Philip Baker Hall, and John P. Ryan ; Throw Momma from the Train, directed by Danny DeVito, starring Danny DeVito, Billy Crystal, Anne Ramsey, Kate Mulgrew ; A Tiger's Tale, directed by

This is a document about Rainy Days (film)
 Lyle Tayo as Mom ; Charles A. Bachman as Undetermined role

This is a document about The Shifting Heart
 Madge Ryan as Momma ; Alan Bickford as Gino ; Tom Oliver as Clarrie ; Anne Charleston as Maria ; Syd Conabere as Poppa ; Penny Shelton as Leila ; Terry Norris as Donny ; Blair Edgar as Lukie ; Berys Marsh

This is a document about Dinah Sheridan
  each year. One of her enduringly popular roles was as Wendy McKim in the comedy Genevieve (1953), where her "comic instinct and control were precise and stylish". The film won a BAFTA, a Golden Globe and a National Board of Review award. Her other most memorable screen role was as Mrs Waterbury, the mother of the Railway Children in the famous film The Railway Children (1970). She made only one more cinema film after The Railway Children: The Mirror Crack'd (1980), which starred Elizabeth Taylor and Rock Hudson, with Angela Lansbury as Miss Marple. That role was an atmospheric cameo appearance with Anthony Steel and Nigel Stock in the 'film within a film' Murder at Midnight.

This is a document about Strangers on a Train (film)
  Strangers on a Train was adapted for the radio program Lux Radio Theatre on two occasions: on December 3, 1951, with Ruth Roman, Frank Lovejoy, and Ray Milland, and on April 12, 1954, with Virginia Mayo, Dana Andrews, and Robert Cummings. BBC Radio 4's Afternoon Play broadcast on 29 September 2011 was Strangers on a Film by Stephen Wyatt, which gives an imagined account of a series of meetings between Hitchcock (Clive Swift) and Raymond Chandler (Patrick Stewart), as they unsuccessfully attempt to create the screenplay for Strangers on a Train. The 1987 film Throw Momma from the Train by Danny DeVito was inspired by Strangers on a Train, which is also watched by DeVito's character in the film.

This is a document about Tennessee Valley Railroad Museum
 Fool's Parade (1971) (Southern 4501 as B&O 4501) ; Eleanor & Franklin (1976), starring Jane Alexander and Edward Herrmann ; The Last Days of Frank and Jesse James (1986) ; Fled (1996) (shot on the TVRM mainline) ; Mama Flora's Family (1998) ; October Sky (1999) (Southern 4501 appearing as N&W 4501 with O. Winston Link being the engineer) ; The Adventures of Ociee Nash (2003) ; Warm Springs (2005) (shot in Summerville, Georgia, using TVRM equipment) ; Heaven's Fall (2007) ; Leatherheads (2008), starring George Clooney and Renée Zellweger (TVRM 610 disguised as a Chicago and North Western Railway locomotive) ; Water for Elephants (2011), starring Reese Witherspoon and Robert Pattinson (TVRM 610 disguised as a Southern Pacific locomotive) ; The music video for Josh Turner's 2003 country music hit single "Long Black Train" was shot on TVRM

This is a document about Una Merkel
  in the baseball comedy Kill the Umpire, which was a surprise hit. She made a comeback as a middle-aged woman playing mothers and maiden aunts, and in 1956 won a Tony Award for her role on Broadway in The Ponder Heart, adapted from the novella of the same name. She had a major part in the MGM 1959 film The Mating Game as Paul Douglas's character's wife and Debbie Reynolds' character's mother, and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress in Summer and Smoke (1961). She was also featured as Brian Keith's character's housekeeper, Verbena, in the Walt Disney comedy The Parent Trap in 1961. Her final film role was opposite Elvis Presley in Spinout (1966).

This is a document about Alfalfa's Double
 Barbara Bedford as Alfalfa's mother ; Hank Mann as Railroad attendant ; Anne O'Niel as Governess ; Milton Parsons as Willoughby

This is a document about Boxcar Bertha
  After the success of Bloody Mama, Roger Corman wanted to make another female gangster film. Julie Corman researched female gangsters and came across the story of Boxcar Bertha. Martin Scorsese was hired to direct on the strength of his first feature. He was given the lead actors, including Barbara Hershey, David Carradine, and Barry Primus, and a shooting schedule of 24 days in Arkansas. The Reader Railroad was used for the train scenes. The locomotive in those scenes was 1920 Baldwin 2-6-2 #108, which later saw service on the Conway Scenic Railroad in the late 1970s. The engine is currently at the Blacklands Railroad yard in Sulphur Springs,

This is a document about Duplex (film)
  Duplex has a 50/100 on Metacritic and a 35% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes. The site's consensus states: "It was funnier when it was called Throw Momma from the Train." Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film two stars out of four and wrote that the "murder schemes aimed at Mrs. Connelly don't generate the laughter they should, maybe because no matter what she does, she still seems, irremediably, unredeemably, a sweet little old lady. [...] 'Duplex' is all about plotting; it tries to impose emotions that we don't really feel. We can't identify with Mrs. Connelly, that's for sure, but we can't identify with Alex and Nancy, either, because we don't share their frustration -- and the reason we don't is because we don't believe it. There's too much contrivance and not enough plausibility, and so finally we're just enjoying the performances and wishing they'd been in a more persuasive movie." Barrymore earned a Golden Raspberry Award nomination for Worst Actress for her performances in both Duplex and Charlie's Angels: Full Throttle, but lost to Jennifer Lopez for Gigli. On a US $40 million budget, it grossed $9,692,135 in the US and $19,322,135 worldwide.

Anne Ramsey played the role of "Momma" in "Throw Momma from the Train."


Question: who rescued the flag at the battle of sullivan 's island

Answer: General Nathanael Greene

This is a document about Battle of Sullivan's Island
 down during the siege, it was seen as a symbol of this successful defense (and famously raised during victory). It came to be known as the Moultrie flag or Liberty Flag. When Charleston (lost to the British in the 1780 siege) was reclaimed by American forces at the end of the war, the flag was returned to the city by General Nathanael Greene. Beginning on the first anniversary of this victory in 1777 Charlestonians and South Carolinians celebrate "Carolina Day" annually to commemorate this first major victory of American Forces over the British. Each year local events include a parade

This is a document about The Capture of the Hessians at Trenton, December 26, 1776
 alone holds a sword in the painting. Next to him are Colonels Edward Wigglesworth and William Shepard. American Major General Nathanael Greene is shown on the right on a light-colored horse, facing Washington. Behind Greene are American Generals John Sullivan, Henry Knox, Philemon Dickinson, John Glover, and George Weedon. Standing to the right of Greene is Captain William Washington, who was wounded in his hand during the battle. In the foreground, a fallen Hessian flag is shown. Washington was later presented one as a war trophy. A large scale version ( × ), finished in 1831, is owned by the

This is a document about The Defenders of Fort Moultrie
  The Battle of Sullivan's Island was a 1776 battle in the American Revolutionary War that took place near Charleston, South Carolina. During the battle, the flagpole holding the regimental colors was destroyed by enemy gunfire, and Sergeant William Jasper climbed the ramparts while under enemy fire and held up the flag until it could be reattached. Following the battle, a victory for the Continental Army, Jasper was commended for his heroic actions by both his superiors, including President of South Carolina John Rutledge. The battle itself was considered a "Bunker Hill of the South." Around the centennial of this event,

This is a document about History of Charleston, South Carolina
  in their rising. The Battle of Sullivan's Island saw the 9 ships and 2000 soldiers under Admiral Peter Parker and General Henry Clinton fail to capture a partially-constructed palmetto palisade from the few hundred men composing Col. William Moultrie's militia regiment over the course of a day's fighting on June 28, 1776. Moultrie had been forced to ignore the order to retreat from his general, Charles Lee, under commands from his president John Rutledge. In the end, the spongy palmetto-and-sand defenses completely neutralized the British naval bombardment and gave the Royal Navy its first defeat in a century. The Liberty Flag used by Moultrie's men formed

This is a document about Moultrie Flag
  The Liberty flag was designed, by commission, in 1775 by Colonel William Moultrie, to prepare for war with Great Britain. It was flown by his troops in the successful defense of Sullivan's Island against the British fleet in June 1776. Fighting back during a ten-hour bombardment and siege, Moultrie's forces (primarily the 2nd South Carolina Regiment) eventually led the British to withdraw, saving Charleston for the Patriot cause. During the battle, the flag was shot away, but Sergeant William Jasper ran out in the open and hoisted it again, rallying the troops until a new stand could be provided. The story of this event, along with the pivotal role of the battle itself, earned the

This is a document about Charleston, South Carolina
  the allegiance of thousands of Black Loyalists. The Battle of Sullivan's Island saw the British fail to capture a partially constructed palmetto palisade from Col. Moultrie's militia regiment on June 28, 1776. The Liberty Flag used by Moultrie's men formed the basis of the later South Carolina flag, and the victory's anniversary continues to be commemorated as Carolina Day. Making the capture of Charlestown their chief priority, the British sent Sir Henry Clinton, who laid siege to Charleston on April 1, 1780, with about 14,000 troops and 90 ships. Bombardment began on March 11, 1780. The Patriots, led by Benjamin Lincoln, had about 5,500 men and inadequate fortifications to repel the forces against them. After the British cut his supply lines and lines of retreat at the battles

This is a document about White Point Garden
  Battle of Sullivan's Island. It is often called the Jasper Monument since it shows a statue of Sergeant William Jasper, a hero of the Revolutionary War battle won by the colonists at Fort Moultrie on Sullivan's Island on June 28, 1776. The memorial was added in 1877. At the northeast corner is a marker, erected in 1943, to the Gentleman Pirate Stede Bonnet. The monument commemorates the hanging near that site of pirate captain Stede Bonnet and his crew in 1718, as well as the 1719 hanging of Richard Worley's pirates. The monument states that 29 of Bonnet's crew were executed close by.

This is a document about Flag of South Carolina
  In 1775, Colonel William Moultrie was asked by the Revolutionary Council of Safety to design a flag for the South Carolina troops to use during the American Revolutionary War. Moultrie's design had the blue of the militia's uniforms and a crescent taken from their cap insignia. It was first flown at Fort Johnson. This flag was famously flown in the defense of a new fortress on Sullivan's Island, when Moultrie faced off against a British fleet that had not lost a battle in a century. In the 16-hour battle on June 28, 1776, the flag was shot down, but Sergeant William Jasper ran out

This is a document about Third Battle of Petersburg
  men. Gould suffered three severe bayonet and sword wounds, including two to his head, but a rifle pointed at him point blank misfired. He survived from his injuries after being helped back over the parapet by Corporal Henry H. Rector. Gould later received the Medal of Honor. Soon after Gould's rescue, Lieutenant Pratt of the 5th Vermont Infantry and several other men captured the battery. Color-Bearer Sergeant Jackson Sargent planted the state colors on the parapet followed by Corporal Nelson E. Carle with the national flag. The 3rd New York Independent Battery of Captain William A. Harn entered the captured works behind the infantry and put

This is a document about Minor American Revolution holidays
  On June 28, 1776, a small band of South Carolina Patriots repulsed a Royal Navy attack in the Battle of Sullivan's Island. Patriots stationed at an unfinished palmetto log and sand fort near what is today Fort Moultrie defeated a Royal Navy force of nine warships as it attempted to capture Charleston. After a nine-hour battle, the ships were forced to retire. Charleston remained in Patriot hands, and the fort was named in honor of its commander, General William Moultrie. Charleston would remain in Patriot hands until a British expedition captured the city after a brief siege. The Liberty Flag designed by Colonel William Moultrie and waved by Sergeant William Jasper to rally the troops during that battle became the basis for the Flag of South Carolina, bearing on it an image of the palmetto tree that was used to build the fortress.

This is a document about Battle of Fort Sumter
  The fort's central flagpole was knocked down at 1 p.m. on April 13, raising doubts among the Confederates about whether the fort was ready to surrender. Col. Louis Wigfall, a former U.S. senator, had been observing the battle and decided that this indicated the fort had had enough punishment. He commandeered a small boat and proceeded from Morris Island, waving a white handkerchief from his sword, dodging incoming rounds from Sullivan's Island. Meeting with Major Anderson, he said, "You have defended your flag nobly, Sir. You have done all that it is possible to do, and General Beauregard wants to stop this fight. On

This is a document about New York and New Jersey campaign
  Island on August 27, the British outflanked the American positions, driving the Americans back to their Brooklyn Heights fortifications. General Howe then began to lay siege to the works, but Washington skillfully managed a nighttime retreat through his unguarded rear across the East River to Manhattan Island. Howe then paused to consolidate his position and consider his next move.  During the battle, the British had captured General John Sullivan. Admiral Howe convinced him to deliver a message to Congress in Philadelphia, and released him on parole. Washington also gave his permission, and on September 2 Sullivan told the Congress that the Howes wanted to negotiate, and had been given much broader

This is a document about John Sullivan (general)
  Sullivan rejoined Washington and was placed in command of the troops on Long Island to defend against British General Howe's forces about to envelop New York City. But then, on August 23, Washington split the command between Sullivan and General Israel Putnam, with Putnam being the senior general. Confusion about the distribution of command contributed to the American defeat at the Battle of Long Island four days later. Sullivan's personal bravery was unquestioned, as he engaged the Hessian attackers at Battle Pass with a pistol in each hand; however, he was captured. General Howe and his brother, Admiral Richard Howe, managed to

This is a document about Fort Stanwix
  August 3, 1777, it was the first time that the Flag of the United States was flown in battle. It is more likely that the flag flown at Fort Schuyler was one that consisted only of thirteen stripes, an early version of the Flag of New York, or the Grand Union Flag. The Battle of Oriskany was fought a few miles away when an American relief column, led by General Nicholas Herkimer, was ambushed by Tories and their Native American allies. While many of the besiegers were attending to that battle, the defenders of the fort sallied forth and attacked the enemy camp, looting and destroying enemy stores. Demoralized and reduced in strength, the

This is a document about Philip Johnston (New Jersey soldier)
  Sullivan and later to Gen Israel Putnam. Johnston and his unit formed part of the guard at the Flatbush Road during the night prior to the battle. After the battle commenced Sullivan commanded an element of about 800 soldiers that moved toward the center of the American advanced position to support units at the passes, including Johnston's. They were overwhelmed and dispersed in the ensuing fight and General Sullivan and the mortally wounded Colonel Johnston were captured. Senator Wall likely inferred that Sullivan was his commander based upon a newspaper account of the time preserved by the family as a keepsake that read: "We hear that, in the late action on Long Island, Colonel Philip Johnston of New Jersey behaved with remarkable intrepidity and fortitude. By the well-directed fire from his

This is a document about Battle of Sullivan's Island
  The Battle of Sullivan's Island or the battle of Fort Sullivan was fought on June 28, 1776, during the American Revolutionary War. It took place near Charleston, South Carolina, during the first British attempt to capture the city from American forces. It is also sometimes referred to as the first siege of Charleston, owing to a more successful British siege in 1780. The British organized an expedition in early 1776 for operations in the rebellious southern colonies of North America. Delayed by logistical concerns and bad weather, the expedition reached the coast of North Carolina in May 1776. Finding conditions unsuitable for their operations, General Henry Clinton and Admiral Sir Peter Parker decided instead to act against Charlestown. Arriving there in early June, troops were landed on

This is a document about Evacuation Day (New York)
   Following the significant losses at the Battle of Long Island on August 27, 1776, General George Washington and the Continental Army retreated across the East River by benefit of both a retreat and holding action by well-trained Maryland Line troops at Gowanus Creek and Canal and a night fog which obscured the barges and boats evacuating troops to Manhattan Island. On September 15, 1776, the British flag replaced the American atop Fort George, where it was to remain until Evacuation Day. Washington's Continentals subsequently withdrew north and west out of the town and following the Battle of Harlem Heights and later action at the river forts of Fort Washington and Fort Lee on the northwest corner of

This is a document about William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe
  half of Washington's army, and possibly Washington himself, might have had a significant effect on the rebellion. Some officers, notably General Clinton, were critical of Howe's decision not to storm the American works. Howe was knighted as a reward for his victory on Long Island. Howe and his brother Richard had, as part of their instructions, been assigned roles as peace commissioners, with limited authority to treat with the rebels. After Long Island, they pursued an attempt at reconciliation, sending the captured General John Sullivan to Philadelphia with a proposal for a peace conference. The meeting that resulted, conducted by Admiral

This is a document about Charles Edmund Nugent
  troops under the command of Earl Cornwallis, to launch an attack on Charleston, South Carolina. The squadron arrived off Cape Fear in May, and was joined by General Henry Clinton and his troops. The combined force advanced upriver until reaching the strongly fortified Sullivan's Island. In the subsequent battle on 28 June the British were unable to subdue the defenders or mount an attack by land. Bristol bore the brunt of the American fire and had 111 men killed and wounded. The British eventually withdrew, and sailed north to attack New York. Nugent was serving as an acting-lieutenant during the attack on Sullivan's Island, and in September 1777 he followed Parker into the. In December Parker and Clinton were sent

This is a document about Warwick Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania
  Bristol Road from Mearns Road to Meetinghouse Road. General Washington held a "Council of War" with his four Major Generals and six Brigadier General in the Moland House. There are nearby historical homes such as the Warwick Furnace Farms, which was owned by a prominent ironmaster Samuel Van Leer. While in Warwick Township the American flag that was designed by Betsy Ross was presented to General Washington and Warwick Township was the site where the American flag was first flown. It was here the Marquis de Lafayette and Count Casimir Pulaski joined the American Revolution and distinguished themselves soon at the Battle of Brandywine and for many years thereafter in the fight for American freedom from England. The Bridge Valley Bridge and Moland House are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Sergeant William Jasper rescued the flag at the Battle of Sullivan's Island.


Question: who did taylor swift write back to december about

Answer: Taylor Lautner

This is a document about Back to December
 Back to December "Back to December" is a song written and recorded by American singer/songwriter Taylor Swift for her third studio album "Speak Now" (2010). The song was sent to country radio in the United States on November 15, 2010, as the second single from "Speak Now". According to Swift, "Back to December" is the first time she ever apologizes to someone in a song. Critics speculate that the song is about Taylor Lautner, Swift's ex-boyfriend, which was later acknowledged by Lautner. "Back to December" is considered an orchestral country pop ballad and its lyrics are a remorseful plea for

This is a document about Back to December
  "Back to December" is a song written and recorded by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift for her third studio album Speak Now (2010). The song was sent to country radio in the United States on November 15, 2010, as the second single from Speak Now. "Back to December" is an orchestral country pop ballad and its lyrics are a remorseful plea for forgiveness for breaking up with a former lover. According to Swift, the song is the first time she ever apologizes to someone in a song. "Back to December" received acclaim from critics, who regarded it as one of the highlights of Speak Now. Critics have praised the song for its lyrics, melody, and vocals. The song enjoyed commercial success, peaking

This is a document about Back to December
  According to Swift, "Back to December" is an apology to a past lover in the form of a song, something that she has never done before. She continued, "I've never felt the need to apologize in a song before. But in the last two years I've experienced a lot, [including] a lot of different kinds of learning lessons. And sometimes you learn a lesson too late and at that point you need to apologize because you were careless." The hidden lyrics in the booklet spell out the word "TAY". Actor Taylor Lautner, an ex-boyfriend of Swift, confirmed in 2016 that he was the inspiration of "Back to December". "Back to December" was first released as a promotional single from Speak Now on October 12, 2010, as a part of the exclusive campaign by the iTunes Store leading up to the album's release. On November 15, 2010, the song was released as the second single from Speak Now.

This is a document about Back to December
  Songs. "Back to December" also became Swift's fifth song to have failed to reach the top spot on the Hot Country Songs, instead peaked at the top three (the previous songs were "Teardrops on My Guitar" at number two, "Picture to Burn" at number three, and both of "White Horse" and "Mine" at number two) and her ninth overall song to reach the top ten, but failed to reach the top spot (the previous songs were "Tim McGraw" at number six, "Fifteen" at number seven, "Fearless" at number ten, and four Top five songs previously mentioned.) The song was number 38 on the year-end

This is a document about Back to December
  number six on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States, and at number seven in Canada. It also peaked at number three on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart. The song received moderate success internationally, peaking at number 24 in New Zealand, and number 26 in Australia. The song's accompanying music video, directed by Yoann Lemoine, laments the aftermath of a break-up between Swift and her boyfriend. The music video garnered mixed to positive reviews from critics; some praised the spectacular visual sense in portraying the somber mood while others criticized its inadequate narrative. Swift has performed "Back to December" in several live appearances, notably at the 44th annual Country Music Association Awards and at the 38th American Music Awards.

This is a document about The Last Great American Dynasty
  to American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift, who was isolating herself due to the COVID-19 pandemic; she liked the sound, and wrote the lyrics to the song in under the time Dessner would go out for a run and return. The lyrics were inspired by the life of American socialite Rebekah Harkness, whom Swift wanted to write about ever since she purchased the Holiday House in 2013.  In a 2020 Entertainment Weekly interview, Swift revealed that she first learned about Harkness from a real estate agent who walked her through the property. Consequently, the singer started reading a lot about Harkness's life and found her stories interesting. It led to the development of parallels between Harkness and herself, both of them "being the

This is a document about Speak Now
  so. She described her songs as "diary entries" about her emotions that helped her navigate adulthood. Swift chose not to follow the trend of making increasingly sexualized music by artists of her age, believing such a path would be incongruent with her artistic vision. Departing from Fearless theme of fairy tales and starry-eyed romance, Swift explored introspection and backward-looking reflections on relationships. Past relationships are a recurring theme of Speak Now. On "Back to December", Swift asks an ex-lover to forgive her wrongdoings—the first time she expressed remorse. "Dear John" narrates a devastating relationship between a 19-year-old woman and a much-older man who manipulates her with "dark, twisted games". Swift's encounter

This is a document about Back to December
  "Back to December"'s accompanying music video was directed by Yoann Lemoine, who directed the video for Katy Perry's "Teenage Dream", and was filmed in late December 2010 before Christmas Day. In an interview with Country Music Television, Lemoine explained that he developed the idea for the video after being inspired from the film, E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial. He also told MTV News that he wanted the video to be simple yet metaphorical. He added, "I wanted to work on the coldness of feelings in a very visual way, playing with the snow, the distance and sadness." He wanted to focus on Swift's look in the video so that she would come off

This is a document about Back to December
  "Back to December" is a country pop song with a length of four minutes and 55 seconds. Stephen M. Deusner from Engine 145 called it "an elegant ballad full of orchestral swells, solemn guitars, and pleading lyrics". It is set in common time and has a ballad tempo of 72 beats per minute. It is written in the key of D major, and Swift's vocals span more than one octave, from the note of F3 to A4. It follows the chord progression of D–Bm7–G-D. Randy Lewis from Los Angeles Times commented that "Back to December" is one of two songs where Swift has first incorporated an orchestra on record (the other being "Haunted"). The song's narrative is in first person, and depicts Swift apologizing to a young man whose heart she broke. Mandi Bierly from

This is a document about Back to December
  The song has received critical acclaim. Rob Sheffield from Rolling Stone gave it a positive review commenting, "Swift's voice is unaffected enough to mask how masterful she has become as a singer; she lowers her voice for the payoff lines in the classic mode of a shy girl trying to talk tough." Jonathan Keefe from Slant Magazine complimented Swift's ability "to write an indelible melody" and praised the production of the song, writing "[the song] showcase(s) Swift's unique knack for matching the overall tone of a melody to the broader themes of a song". He added that "it isn't easy to make a melancholy song like "Back to December" sound catchy at the same time, but that's what Swift does, and it's

This is a document about Picture to Burn
  "Picture to Burn" is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. It was written by Swift and Liz Rose, and produced by Nathan Chapman. It was released on February 3, 2008 by Big Machine Records and Republic Records as the fourth single from Swift's self-titled debut studio album (2006). It was inspired by the narcissistic and cocky nature of her former high school classmate and ex-boyfriend Jordan Alford with whom Swift never established a formal relationship. In retrospect, Swift has stated that she has evolved on a personal level and as a songwriter, claiming she processed emotions differently since "Picture to Burn". The song was chosen as a single based on the audience's reaction to it in concert. Musically, the track is of the country rock genre with prominent usage of guitar, banjo, and drums. The lyrics concern setting fire to photographs of a

This is a document about Sour (album)
 undefinedsignifies a co-producer ; undefinedsignifies an additional producer ; All tracks are stylized in all lowercase. ; "1 Step Forward, 3 Steps Back" interpolates "New Year's Day" (2017), written by Taylor Swift and Jack Antonoff. ; "Deja Vu" interpolates "Cruel Summer" (2019), written by Taylor Swift, Jack Antonoff, and Annie Clark. ; "Good 4 U" interpolates "Misery Business" (2007), written by Hayley Williams and Josh Farro.

This is a document about Right Said Fred
  CD was selected for the Grammy Ballot Box. Shows planned for 2014–15 included acoustic performances at The Cannes Film Festival, The American Film Market, various European festivals and a World Cup Festival in front of 500,000 people at the Brandenberg Gate in Berlin. The Performing Right Society's book A Century of Song, published in 2015, includes two songs co-written by Fred and Richard. The band released the single "Sweet Treats" in January 2017 from the album Exactly! In August 2017, Right Said Fred's members Richard Fairbrass and Fred Fairbrass, were credited as songwriters alongside Taylor Swift and Jack Antonoff on the Swift single "Look What You Made Me Do". The

This is a document about Born to Die (song)
  The music video for "Born to Die" was based on a concept created by Del Rey, and it was directed by Yoann Lemoine, who previously worked with Katy Perry on "Teenage Dream" (2010) and Taylor Swift on "Back to December" (2010). Del Rey wrote the concept in the form of a treatment she titled, "The Lonely Queen" The video was intended to be set in heaven, metaphorically represented by a Romanian castle. While the narrator was flanked by tigers, she would recall memories of being with her beloved. Lemoine took Del Rey's concept and reworked it into something feasible, she said, and she was satisfied with the outcome. Unlike the singer's previous music videos, "Born to Die" had a significantly higher budget and

This is a document about Dril
  to communities on Twitter, the "corncob" archetype is universal and identifiable throughout contemporary culture. According to Knibbs, "the condition of being a corn cob—of allowing yourself to be defined by and reduced to a piercing insistence that a perceived slight has not diminished you—[has] spread far beyond a small corner of Twitter." Among public figures whose recent behavior fit the "corncob" archetype, Knibbs listed Donald Trump, WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange, actress Louise Linton, Kim Kardashian's friend Jonathan Cheban, Kanye West (noting his numerous outbursts and 2016 song "Famous"), and Taylor Swift (noting her 2017 song "Look What You Made Me Do"). The term "corncob" became

This is a document about Taylor Swift
  Taylor Alison Swift (born December 13, 1989) is an American singer-songwriter. Her discography spans multiple genres, and her narrative songwriting, which is often inspired by her personal life, has received widespread media coverage and critical praise. She is one of the best-selling musicians of all time, having sold over 200 million records worldwide. Born in West Reading, Pennsylvania, Swift relocated to Nashville, Tennessee, at the age of 14 to pursue a career in country music. She signed a songwriting deal with Sony/ATV Music Publishing in 2004 and a recording deal with Big Machine Records in 2005, and released her eponymous debut studio album in

This is a document about Christmas Tree Farm
  "Christmas Tree Farm" is a Christmas song by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. It was produced by Swift and English musician Jimmy Napes. Swift wrote the song on December 1, 2019, inspired by her Christmas vacation, and released it five days later, on December 6. Opening with a classical balladic intro, "Christmas Tree Farm" is a cheery uptempo pop song driven by swing drums, lush orchestral arrangements, choir harmonies, and lyrics on childhood memories of Christmas. The single charted in several countries, including Australia, Belgium, Canada, Hungary, Ireland, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Critics praised the song's festive production and lyrics. An official music

This is a document about Back to December
  Swift first performed "Back to December" in Paris at a showcase at the Salle Wagram theater, on October 18, 2010, to promote her upcoming album, Speak Now, set for release on the October 25, 2010. Swift also performed the song on Speak Now: Taylor Swift Live From New York City, a special programme which was streamed live on CMT.com, MTV.com, VH1.com and other MTV Networks websites in Europe, Asia, Australia and Latin America to celebrate the release of her new album. Swift also performed "Back to December" on several other occasions. On November 10, 2010, she performed the song live at the 44th annual Country Music Association Awards at Bridgestone Arena in Nashville, Tennessee. Her performance of the song during that event was graded as a "B+" in the Los Angeles Times, noting she "kept it simple" and "rose to the occasion". On November 21,

This is a document about Back to December
  impressive trick." Bobby Peacock from Roughstock gave the song four stars out of five and praised Swift's vocal, saying that "it's her best vocal since "Tim McGraw"". He concluded that "[the song] feels a little more focused, a little more mature and a little better-sung than her previous material." The Oxonian Review considers it the centerpiece of the melancholic album, noting how "equating regret with December is a mainstream American musical tradition" and this song is "the congruence of her singing and songwriting at its finest." Ryan Brockington from New York Post lauded the song, writing "it’s a very surprising, and somewhat brilliant, apology track where Taylor sings about wishing to fix a relationship she wished she wouldn't have ruined in the

Taylor Swift wrote "Back to December" about an ex-boyfriend, specifically Taylor Lautner.