Question: who wrote the majority of the federalist papers

Answer: Alexander Hamilton

This is a document about The Federalist Papers
 it possesses." The colors used to highlight the rows correspond to the author of the paper. The Federalist Papers The Federalist (later known as The Federalist Papers) is a collection of 85 articles and essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay under the pseudonym "Publius" to promote the ratification of the United States Constitution. The first 77 of these essays were published serially in the "Independent Journal", the "New York Packet", and "The Daily Advertiser" between October 1787 and April 1788. A two-volume compilation of these 77 essays and eight others was published as The Federalist: A

This is a document about Federalist No. 21
 supporters Thomas Jefferson, who wrote the Declaration of Independence. The Federalist Papers are 85 individual articles written by John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, and James Madison and were intended for the people of New York. The purpose of these papers was to convince the states to ratify the United States Constitution by pointing out the flaws in the Articles of Confederation. Jay, Hamilton, and Madison all addressed various issues in the articles, mainly Hamilton writing the majority of them. Under the Articles of Confederation, the states mainly governed themselves. The general government had little influence on the authoritative role in the

This is a document about Federalist No. 68
 Federalist No. 68 Federalist No. 68 is the 68th essay of "The Federalist Papers", and was published on March 12, 1788. It is probably written by Alexander Hamilton under the pseudonym "Publius", the name under which all of the Federalist Papers were published. Since all of them were written under this pseudonym, who wrote what cannot be verified with certainty. Entitled "The Mode of Electing the President", No. 68 describes a perspective on the process of selecting the Chief Executive of the United States. In writing this essay, the author sought to convince the people of New York of the

This is a document about Federalist No. 68
 of the votes in the Electoral College. Federalist No. 68 Federalist No. 68 is the 68th essay of "The Federalist Papers", and was published on March 12, 1788. It is probably written by Alexander Hamilton under the pseudonym "Publius", the name under which all of the Federalist Papers were published. Since all of them were written under this pseudonym, who wrote what cannot be verified with certainty. Entitled "The Mode of Electing the President", No. 68 describes a perspective on the process of selecting the Chief Executive of the United States. In writing this essay, the author sought to convince

This is a document about Federalist No. 26
 necessary for a people's government to function, but preventing standing armies altogether is outright foolish. He argues that the new system would require the Congress to consider the necessity of standing armies every two years. He states that the majority of laws meant to prevent standing armies are vague and ineffective. Federalist No. 26 Federalist No. 26 is an essay by Alexander Hamilton, the twenty-sixth of "The Federalist Papers". It was published on December 22, 1787 under the pseudonym Publius, the name under which all "The Federalist" papers were published. This is the first of three essays discussing the threat

This is a document about Frederick Mosteller
 50 books and over 350 papers, with over 200 coauthors. Some of his work involved research evaluation and synthesis, especially in medicine and public health, Mosteller and David Wallace studied the historical problem of who wrote each of the disputed Federalist papers, James Madison or Alexander Hamilton. "The Federalist Papers" study was conducted in order to demonstrate the power of Bayesian inference and required a great deal of computational power for that time. It was featured in "Time Magazine" in the September 21st, 1962 edition. He was an avid fan of the Boston Red Sox and attended the games in

This is a document about Federalist No. 59
 actual electors for the house of representatives? Very few more than those who may live in the vicinity of these places. Federalist No. 59 Federalist No. 59 is an essay by Alexander Hamilton, the fifty-ninth of The Federalist Papers. It was published on February 22, 1788, under the pseudonym Publius, the name under which all The Federalist Papers were published. This is the first of three papers discussing the power of Congress over the election of its own members, the other two papers in this series being Federalist No. 60 and Federalist No. 61. The title of the paper is

This is a document about Original meaning
 identically worded law passed when every member of the legislature is of the same mind and understanding regarding its meaning and effect. This being the case, it is the text of the law which governs. An originalist inquiry into the original "meaning" of the Constitution is able to cast a much broader net than an inquiry into the original "intent". Originalists of all stripes cite "The Federalist Papers". It is fairly tenuous to suggest that this represents a good source for the original "intent": after all, Alexander Hamilton, who wrote the majority of those essays, was absent for the greater

This is a document about Filibuster in the United States Senate
 of Senate) and proposing constitutional amendments (2/3 of both Houses). Through negative textual implication, the Constitution also gives a simple majority the power to set procedural rules: "Each House may determine the Rules of its Proceedings, punish its Members for disorderly Behaviour, and, with the Concurrence of two thirds, expel a Member." Commentaries in The Federalist Papers confirm this understanding. In Federalist No. 58, the Constitution's primary drafter James Madison defended the document against routine super-majority requirements, either for a quorum or a "decision": In Federalist No. 22, Alexander Hamilton described super-majority requirements as being one of the main problems

This is a document about Federalist No. 10
 in a dissent against a ruling supporting limits on campaign contributions, writing: "The Framers preferred a political system that harnessed such faction for good, preserving liberty while also ensuring good government. Rather than adopting the repressive 'cure' for faction that the majority today endorses, the Framers armed individual citizens with a remedy". Federalist No. 10 Federalist No. 10 is an essay written by James Madison as the tenth of "The Federalist Papers": a series of essays initiated by Alexander Hamilton arguing for the ratification of the United States Constitution. Published on November 22, 1787 under the name "Publius", "Federalist No.

This is a document about Federalist No. 10
 document. By its own Article Seven, the constitution drafted by the convention needed ratification by at least nine of the thirteen states, through special conventions held in each state. Anti-Federalist writers began to publish essays and letters arguing against ratification, and Alexander Hamilton recruited James Madison and John Jay to write a series of pro-ratification letters in response. Like most of the Federalist essays and the vast majority of "The Federalist Papers", No. 10 first appeared in popular newspapers. It was first printed in the "Daily Advertiser" under the name adopted by the Federalist writers, "Publius"; in this it was

This is a document about The Federalist Papers
 press criticizing the proposition; "Brutus" followed on October 18, 1787. These and other articles and public letters critical of the new Constitution would eventually become known as the "Anti-Federalist Papers". In response, Alexander Hamilton decided to launch a measured defense and extensive explanation of the proposed Constitution to the people of the state of New York. He wrote in Federalist No. 1 that the series would "endeavor to give a satisfactory answer to all the objections which shall have made their appearance, that may seem to have any claim to your attention." Hamilton recruited collaborators for the project. He enlisted

This is a document about Federalist No. 59
 Federalist No. 59 Federalist No. 59 is an essay by Alexander Hamilton, the fifty-ninth of The Federalist Papers. It was published on February 22, 1788, under the pseudonym Publius, the name under which all The Federalist Papers were published. This is the first of three papers discussing the power of Congress over the election of its own members, the other two papers in this series being Federalist No. 60 and Federalist No. 61. The title of the paper is "Concerning the Power of Congress to Regulate the Election of Members". Within this paper, Hamilton argues that the federal government should

This is a document about Federalist No. 85
 from time and experience of the system, rather than the passionate pursuits of imprudent men. In closing, Publius said that "a nation without a national government is an awful spectacle" and any other proposals are engineered by "powerful individuals" who seek to remain nationally weak to keep their local and regional power. Federalist No. 85 Federalist No. 85 is an essay by Alexander Hamilton, the eighty-fifth and last of "The Federalist Papers". It was published on August 13 and 16, 1788 under the pseudonym Publius, the name under which all "The Federalist" papers were published. The title is "Concluding Remarks".

This is a document about Consumption tax
 the latter against the new federal government. In India, an excise tax on salt led to Mohandas Gandhi's famous Salt March, a major event in the Indian Independence Movement. In the early United States, taxes were levied principally on consumption. Alexander Hamilton, one of the two chief authors of the anonymous "The Federalist Papers", favored consumption taxes in part because they are harder to raise to confiscatory levels than income taxes. In "The Federalist Papers" (No. 21), Hamilton wrote: Although personal and corporate income taxes provide the bulk of revenue to the federal government, consumption taxes continue to be a

This is a document about Federalist No. 33
 Federalist No. 33 Federalist No. 33, written by Alexander Hamilton, continues the focus on the issues in creating an efficient taxation system, along with reassuring the people's doubts about the government control over taxation. Titled "The Same Subject Continued: Concerning the General Power of Taxation", No. 33 explores the idea of allowing Congress to make all laws that are necessary for efficiently operating the national government. Under the pseudonym, Publius, John Jay, Hamilton, and James Madison collectively wrote and published eighty-five essays in the New York newspaper between 1787 and 1788 (later published as a book called "The Federalist Papers"

This is a document about Federalist No. 69
 Federalist No. 69 Federalist No. 69 is an essay by Alexander Hamilton, the sixty-ninth of "The Federalist Papers". It was published on March 14, 1788 under the pseudonym Publius, under which all "The Federalist" papers were published. The title is "The Real Character of the Executive", and is the third in a series of 11 essays discussing the powers and limitations of the Executive branch in retaliation to the Anti-Federalist Papers, and in comparison to the King of England's powers. In Federalist Paper 69, Alexander Hamilton sought to explain the Executive Power in order to quell fears that the President

This is a document about Federalist No. 29
 people the average citizen would know and trust. Federalist No. 29 Federalist No. 29 is an essay by Alexander Hamilton, the twenty-ninth of "The Federalist Papers". It was published on January 9, 1788 under the pseudonym Publius, the name under which all "The Federalist" papers were published. It is titled "Concerning the Militia". Unlike the rest of the "Federalist Papers", which were published more or less in order, No. 29 did not appear until after Federalist No. 36. Hamilton states that a well-regulated (efficient) militia composed of the people will be more uniform and beneficial to the "public defense" of

This is a document about Federalist No. 29
 Federalist No. 29 Federalist No. 29 is an essay by Alexander Hamilton, the twenty-ninth of "The Federalist Papers". It was published on January 9, 1788 under the pseudonym Publius, the name under which all "The Federalist" papers were published. It is titled "Concerning the Militia". Unlike the rest of the "Federalist Papers", which were published more or less in order, No. 29 did not appear until after Federalist No. 36. Hamilton states that a well-regulated (efficient) militia composed of the people will be more uniform and beneficial to the "public defense" of Americans. He argues that an excessively large militia

This is a document about Civilian control of the military
 1768, "Even when there is a necessity of the military power, within a land, a wise and prudent people will always have a watchful and jealous eye over it". Even more forceful are the words of Elbridge Gerry, a delegate to the American Constitutional Convention, who wrote that "[s]tanding armies in time of peace are inconsistent with the principles of republican Governments, dangerous to the liberties of a free people, and generally converted into destructive engines for establishing despotism." In Federalist No. 8, one of "The Federalist" papers documenting the ideas of some of the Founding Fathers, Alexander Hamilton expressed

Alexander Hamilton wrote the majority of the Federalist Papers, with the exception of a few written by James Madison and John Jay.


Question: when did new years day become bank holiday

Answer: 1974

This is a document about Bank holiday
 The rule seems to have been to select the weekend of the last "Saturday" in August, so that in 1968 and 1969 Bank Holiday Monday actually fell in September. A century after the 1871 Act, the Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971, which currently regulates bank holidays in the UK, was passed. The majority of the current bank holidays were specified in the 1971 Act: however New Year's Day and May Day were not introduced throughout the whole of the UK until 1974 and 1978 respectively. The date of the August bank holiday was changed from the first Monday in

This is a document about Bank holiday
 were already recognised as common law holidays: they had been customary holidays since time immemorial. In 1903, the Bank Holiday (Ireland) Act added 17 March, Saint Patrick's Day, as a bank holiday for Ireland only. New Year's Day did not become a bank holiday in England until 1 January 1974. Commencing in 1965, experimentally, the August Bank Holiday weekend was observed at the end of August "to give a lead in extending British holidays over a longer summer period". Each year's date was announced in Parliament on an ad-hoc basis, to the despair of the calendar and diary publishing trade.

This is a document about Boxing Day
 Tuesday. As Boxing Day was traditionally the first week day (historically Monday–Saturday) after Christmas, it cannot technically be on a Sunday as that is considered to be the day of worship. However, 26 December is nowadays generally referred to as Boxing Day, even when it falls on the Sunday. In Scotland, Boxing Day has been specified as an additional bank holiday since 1974, by Royal Proclamation under the Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971. In Ireland – when the island as a whole was part of the United Kingdom – the Bank Holidays Act 1871 established the feast day of

This is a document about The Co-operative Bank
 longer owns a stake in the bank and the relationship agreement between the two organisations will end in 2020. The bank was formed in 1872 as the Loan and Deposit Department of the Co-operative Wholesale Society, becoming the CWS Bank four years later. However, the bank did not become a registered company until 1971. In 1975, the bank became the first new member of the Committee of London Clearing Banks for 40 years and thus able to issue its own cheques. In 1974 the Co-operative Bank offered free banking for personal customers who remained in credit. It was also the

This is a document about Public holidays in the United Kingdom
  Parliament on an ad hoc basis, to the despair of the calendar and diary publishing trade. The rule seems to have been to select the weekend of the last Saturday in August, so that in 1968 and 1969 Bank Holiday Monday actually fell in September. A century after the 1871 Act, the Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971, which currently regulates bank holidays in the UK, was passed. The majority of the current bank holidays were specified in the 1971 Act: however New Year's Day and May Day were not introduced throughout the whole of the UK until 1974 and 1978 respectively. The date of the August bank holiday was changed from the

This is a document about Public holidays in the United Kingdom
  St Lubbock's Days for a while. The Act did not include Good Friday and Christmas Day as bank holidays in England, Wales, or Ireland because they were already recognised as common law holidays. In 1903, the Bank Holiday (Ireland) Act added 17 March, Saint Patrick's Day, as a bank holiday for Ireland only. New Year's Day did not become a bank holiday in England until 1 January 1974. Boxing Day did not become a bank holiday in Scotland until 1974. Starting in 1965, experimentally, the August bank holiday weekend was observed at the end of August "to give a lead in extending British holidays over a longer summer period". Each year's date was announced

This is a document about Bank Holidays Act 1871
  The Bank Holidays Act 1871 established public holidays (known as bank holidays) in addition to those customarily recognised in the United Kingdom. The Act designated four bank holidays in England, Wales and Ireland (Easter Monday; Whit Monday; First Monday in August; 26 December if a weekday) and five in Scotland (New Year's Day (or the next day if a Sunday); Good Friday; First Monday in May; First Monday in August; and Christmas Day (or the next day if a Sunday)). In England, Wales and Ireland, Good Friday and Christmas Day were considered traditional days of rest (as were Sundays) and therefore it was felt unnecessary to include them in the Act; especially as the Act extended the existing law relating to those days to the new bank holidays. The Act was repealed in 1971 and superseded by the Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971, which remains in force.

This is a document about Public holidays in the Republic of Ireland
  The United Kingdom Bank Holidays Act 1871 established the first Bank holidays in Ireland. The Act designated four Bank holidays in Ireland: Easter Monday; Whit Monday; St. Stephen's Day and the first Monday in August. As Good Friday and Christmas Day were traditional days of rest and Christian worship (as were Sundays), therefore it was felt unnecessary to include them in the Act as they were already recognised as common law holidays. In 1903, Saint Patrick's Day became an official public holiday in Ireland. This was due to the Bank Holiday (Ireland) Act 1903, an Act of the United Kingdom Parliament introduced by the Irish Member of Parliament (MP) James O'Mara. In 1939, the Oireachtas passed the Holidays (Employees) Act 1939 which designated the public holidays as Christmas Day; St. Stephen's

This is a document about Public holidays in the United Kingdom
  Monday in August to the last Monday in August in England, Wales and Northern Ireland (but not in Scotland), and the Whitsun bank holiday (Whit Monday) was replaced by the Late Spring Bank Holiday, fixed as the last Monday in May. From 1978, the final Monday of May in Scotland (a statutory holiday in the rest of the UK) and the first Monday in May in the rest of the UK (a statutory holiday in Scotland) have been proclaimed as bank holidays. In January 2007, the St Andrew's Day Bank Holiday (Scotland) Act 2007 was given royal assent, making 30 November (or the next Monday if a weekend) a bank holiday in Scotland.

This is a document about Public holidays in the United Kingdom
  In England, Wales and Northern Ireland, Good Friday and Christmas Day are common law holidays, having been customary holidays since time immemorial. The first official bank holidays were named in the Bank Holidays Act 1871, introduced by Liberal politician and banker Sir John Lubbock. Under the Act, no person was compelled to make any payment or to do any act upon a bank holiday which he would not be compelled to do or make on Christmas Day or Good Friday, and the making of a payment or the doing of an act on the following day was equivalent to doing it on the holiday. People were so grateful that some called the first bank

This is a document about Public holidays in the United Kingdom
  year in England and Wales, nine in Scotland and ten in Northern Ireland. Additional days have been allocated for special events, such as royal weddings and jubilees. There are seven bank holidays common to all jurisdictions: New Year's Day, Good Friday, the early May bank holiday, the Spring bank holiday, the Summer bank holiday, Christmas Day and Boxing Day. Easter Monday is a bank holiday in both England and Wales and Northern Ireland but not in Scotland. In Northern Ireland, St Patrick's Day and Orangemen's Day are also bank holidays. In Scotland, 2 January and St Andrew's Day are bank holidays. The Summer bank holiday varies according to jurisdiction: in Scotland, it is on the first Monday of August, and in the rest of the United Kingdom, it is on the last Monday of August.

This is a document about Public and bank holidays in Scotland
  Section 1 of the 1971 Act also provides that special days may be appointed as bank holidays (either additional or in place of bank holidays which fall on a Saturday or Sunday) subject to Royal Proclamation each year. These include Boxing Day, which has been an additional bank holiday in Scotland since 1974 and the last Monday in May which has been a bank holiday since 1978. Section 1 of the 1971 Act also enables the Queen to appoint substitute bank holidays in any one year by Royal Proclamation. Substitute days are customarily appointed for all UK bank holidays which fall on a Saturday or Sunday. Where any of the dates fall on a Sunday, the Act substitutes the following Monday for that date. If any fall on a Saturday (or if Boxing Day falls on a Saturday or Sunday), the Royal Proclamation includes substitute days for these days.

This is a document about The National Pilgrimage
  the Spring Bank Holiday. This became permanent in 1971. The National has generally followed the movements of the Spring Bank Holiday, such as 2002 to the first Monday in June as the bank holiday moved because of the Queen's golden jubilee, and again in 2012 for the Queen's diamond jubilee. In 2022, due to the Queen's platinum jubilee, the National will be held on the May Day bank holiday. There have been some other variations. In 1982 the National was moved to the August bank holiday, in order not to conflict with the visit of the Pope, John Paul II. In 2001 it was cancelled because of the foot-and-mouth outbreak. In 2020 it was cancelled because of the coronavirus pandemic, and replaced

This is a document about St Andrew's Day Bank Holiday (Scotland) Act 2007
  The Act amends the Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971, an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which sets out the official bank holidays for England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. The 1971 Act does not give employees the right to a day off workers or require banks to close. However, the 1971 Act gives relief of obligation to make payments on days specified as bank holidays. If St Andrew's Day is on a Saturday or Sunday, the next Monday is designated as the bank holiday.

This is a document about Public holidays in New Zealand
  Bank Holidays in New Zealand originated with a celebration of St Andrew's Day in 1857. Nationwide public holidays began with the Bank Holidays Act 1873, which was based on the UK Bank Holidays Act 1871. Initially there was some resistance to it. Anniversary Days celebrated, from as early as 1843, the first arrivals of settlers in each province. By 1846 the Wellington Anniversary Day was described as having the appearance of an English Fair.

This is a document about 1974 in the United Kingdom
 January – Britain enters its first postwar recession after statistics show that the economy contracted during the third and fourth quarters of last year. ; 1 January ; New Year's Day is celebrated as a public holiday for the first time. ; The Northern Ireland Power-sharing Executive is set up in Belfast. ; 1 January–7 March – The Three-Day Week is introduced by the Conservative Government as a measure to conserve electricity during the period of industrial action by coal miners.

This is a document about Whit Monday
  Bank Holiday on the last Monday in May in 1971. It was also a public holiday in various former British colonies, especially in the Pacific. It remains a public holiday in some of the countries of the Commonwealth Caribbean. In Sweden, Whit Monday was a public holiday until 2004; it was replaced by the National Day of Sweden in 2005. Although Whit Monday is a civil holiday in many countries, it was not a Catholic religious holiday any more than the other weekdays that follow Pentecost Sunday. Until the 1969 revision of the General Roman Calendar, they were part of the octave of Pentecost,

This is a document about Christmas in New Zealand
  church never placed much emphasis on the Christmas festival, on the grounds that it was unscriptural. In the late 19th century the Presbyterians began to embrace Christmas celebrations, and as sectarianism between the different ethnic communities decreased the holiday became widely observed by all New Zealanders—albeit as a low-key, private affair until the late 20th century. Christmas Day became a bank holiday following the Bank Holidays Act 1873, and all workers were entitled to a day off for Christmas as a result of the Industrial Conciliation and Arbitration Act 1894. The Public Holidays Act 1910 further established Christmas Day and "the day after Christmas Day" (Boxing Day) as non-working days.

This is a document about Bank holiday
  A bank holiday is a national public holiday in the United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland and the Crown dependencies. The term refers to all public holidays in the United Kingdom, be they set out in statute, declared by royal proclamation or held by convention under common law. The term "bank holiday" refers to the fact that banking institutions typically close for business on such holidays.

New Year's Day became a bank holiday in the United Kingdom in 1974.


Question: who said if i have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giants

Answer: Isaac Newton

This is a document about Standing on the shoulders of giants
 calling to his brother through the desolate intervals of time," an idea he got from Schopenhauer's work in "Der handschriftliche Nachlass". Standing on the shoulders of giants The metaphor of dwarfs standing on the shoulders of giants () expresses the meaning of "discovering truth by building on previous discoveries". This concept has been traced to the 12th century, attributed to Bernard of Chartres. Its most familiar expression in English is by Isaac Newton in 1675: "If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of Giants." The attribution to Bernard of Chartres is due to John of

This is a document about Standing on the shoulders of giants
 Standing on the shoulders of giants The metaphor of dwarfs standing on the shoulders of giants () expresses the meaning of "discovering truth by building on previous discoveries". This concept has been traced to the 12th century, attributed to Bernard of Chartres. Its most familiar expression in English is by Isaac Newton in 1675: "If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of Giants." The attribution to Bernard of Chartres is due to John of Salisbury. In 1159, John wrote in his "Metalogicon": "Bernard of Chartres used to compare us to dwarfs perched on the shoulders

This is a document about Standing on the shoulders of giants
 giant's shoulders sees farther of the two." Isaac Newton remarked in a letter to his rival Robert Hooke dated February 5, 1676 [O.S.] (February 15, 1676 [N.S.]) that: What Des-Cartes did was a good step. You have added much several ways, & especially in taking the colours of thin plates into philosophical consideration. If I have seen further it is by standing on the sholders of Giants. This has recently been interpreted by a few writers as a sarcastic remark directed at Hooke's appearance. Although Hooke was not of particularly short stature, he was of slight build and had been

This is a document about Standing on the Shoulder of Giants
 Arthurs and Paul "Guigsy" McGuigan) and hired new producer Mark "Spike" Stent to replace Owen Morris. The album is a modern psychedelic record complete with drum loops, samples, electric sitar, mellotron, synthesizers and backward guitars, resulting in an album more experimental with electronica and heavy psychedelic rock influences. Songs such as "Go Let It Out", the Indian-influenced "Who Feels Love?", and the progressive "Gas Panic!" were a departure from the band's earlier style. The album's title was taken from the words made famous by Sir Isaac Newton: If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of

This is a document about On Giants' Shoulders
 On Giants' Shoulders On Giants' Shoulders was written in 1998 by Melvyn Bragg. The book was assembled after a series of interviews Bragg had with current scientists about the world's greatest scientists such as Archimedes, Isaac Newton and Einstein. Bragg, who brands himself as a "non-scientist", conducted these interviews on BBC Radio 4 for other non-scientists. The book looks at the notion of being a "genius" and through discussions with 20th-century scientists explores the extent to which the great scientists of history were geniuses. The book's title is taken from Newton's 1675 quote: "If I have seen further it is

This is a document about The Hedgehog, the Fox, and the Magister's Pox
 worth were necessary to receive recognition for progress in scientific methodology, but were not made to denigrate the humanities. Statements such as Isaac Newton's less than original "If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants." was recognition not only of other previous leaders in the Scientific Revolution, but of the Ancients who provided foundations in the sciences and humanities. Gould cites George Hakewill, Archdeacon of Surrey's 1628 essay in defense of Modernist convictions. There Hakewill argues against both the common belief that the Universe was in constant decay and the Renaissance portrayal of Ancients

This is a document about 2010 Colombian presidential election
 in the democratic period of Colombia's history. Santos won 32 of the country's 33 electoral districts. His allies have an overwhelming majority in the Colombian Congress. Santos vowed to continue his predecessor's hardline stance against the country's Marxist rebels. He paraphrased Isaac Newton – "If we have come far it's because we are standing on the shoulders of giants" – and said he would rid Colombia of what he described as the "nightmare of violence". The United States State Department said it was "pleased" with the election of Santos and praised the "spirited debate" before the runoff and Colombia's "longstanding

This is a document about Free as in Freedom
 shoulders of giants. He also says that standing on the shoulders of giants is the opposite of reinventing the wheel. An excerpt from the book: "In the western scientific tradition we stand on the shoulders of giants," says Young, echoing both Torvalds and Sir Isaac Newton before him. "In business, this translates to not having to reinvent wheels as we go along. The beauty of [the GPL] model is you put your code into the public domain. If you're an independent software vendor and you're trying to build some application and you need a modem-dialer, well, why reinvent modem dialers?

This is a document about Standing on the Shoulders of Giants (Tribe of Gypsies album)
 saying first attributed to Bernard of Chartres. It was most famously used by the 17th-century scientist Isaac Newton and is also inscribed on the edge of the British £2 coin. The album was re-titled "Tribe of Gypsies III" for the European market and released by Bruce Dickinson's Air Raid label. The album contains a cover of "Parisienne Walkways" (dedicated to Philomena Lynott in the liner notes), originally written by Phil Lynott for Gary Moore's 1979 "Back On The Streets" album. The track also appears on "The Spirit of the Black Rose - A Tribute to Philip Parris Lynott", released by

This is a document about Standing on the shoulders of giants
   The phrase  Standing on the shoulders of giants is a metaphor which means "Using the understanding gained by major thinkers who have gone before in order to make intellectual progress". It is a metaphor of dwarfs standing on the shoulders of giants (nanos gigantium humeris insidentes) and expresses the meaning of "discovering truth by building on previous discoveries". This concept has been dated to the 12th century, according to John of Salisbury is attributed to Bernard of Chartres. But its most familiar and popular expression occurs in a 1675 letter by Isaac Newton: "If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of Giants."

This is a document about On Giants' Shoulders
  On Giants' Shoulders was written in 1998 by Melvyn Bragg. The book was assembled after a series of interviews Bragg had with current scientists about the world's greatest scientists such as Archimedes, Isaac Newton and Einstein. Bragg, who brands himself as a "non-scientist", conducted these interviews on BBC Radio 4 for other non-scientists. The book looks at the notion of being a "genius" and through discussions with 20th-century scientists explores the extent to which the great scientists of history were geniuses. The book's title is taken from Newton's 1675 quote: "If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giants."

This is a document about The Hedgehog, the Fox, and the Magister's Pox
  receive recognition for progress in scientific methodology, but were not made to denigrate the humanities. Statements such as Isaac Newton's less than original "If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants." was recognition not only of other previous leaders in the Scientific Revolution, but of the Ancients who provided foundations in the sciences and humanities. Gould cites George Hakewill, Archdeacon of Surrey's 1628 essay in defense of Modernist convictions. There Hakewill argues against both the common belief that the Universe was in constant decay and the Renaissance portrayal of Ancients as superior to Moderns.

This is a document about Standing on the shoulders of giants
  bring us to the era of Moshiach! ; The quotes file of the molecular dynamics software package Gromacs (the command line tools of the package optionally display random quotations when they complete running) includes the reverse of the saying: "If I have not seen as far as others, it is because giants were standing on my shoulders." The quotation is attributed to MIT professor Hal Abelson. ; Richard Elliott Friedman uses the phrase while explaining the evolution of Biblical criticism in his book Who Wrote the Bible? ; As an epigraph for his book A-Morphous Morphology, Stephen R. Anderson writes "Linguistics will become a science

This is a document about Isaac Newton
  met in London around 1689 —some of their correspondence has survived. Their relationship came to an abrupt and unexplained end in 1693, and at the same time Newton suffered a nervous breakdown, which included sending wild accusatory letters to his friends Samuel Pepys and John Locke. His note to the latter included the charge that Locke "endeavoured to embroil me with woemen". Newton was relatively modest about his achievements, writing in a letter to Robert Hooke in February 1676, "If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giants." Two writers think that the sentence, written at a time when Newton and Hooke were in dispute over

This is a document about Robert K. Merton
  Merton referred to his book On the Shoulders of Giants: A Shandean Postscript as "OTSOG"—"part parody and part history of ideas", according to the publisher. In OTSOG, he traces the history of Newton's famous comment "If I have seen farther, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants" back to centuries earlier, in the rambling style of Laurence Sterne's The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman.

This is a document about Isaac Newton
  discoveries, was an oblique attack on Hooke (said to have been short and hunchbacked), rather than—or in addition to—a statement of modesty. On the other hand, the widely known proverb about standing on the shoulders of giants, published among others by seventeenth-century poet George Herbert (a former orator of the University of Cambridge and fellow of Trinity College) in his Jacula Prudentum (1651), had as its main point that "a dwarf on a giant's shoulders sees farther of the two", and so its effect as an analogy would place Newton himself rather than Hooke as the 'dwarf'. In a later memoir, Newton wrote, "I do not know what I may appear

This is a document about Standing on the shoulders of giants
  de la nature, ils n'en connaissaient pas tant néanmoins, et nous voyons plus qu'eux."Later in the 17th century, George Herbert, in his Jacula Prudentum (1651), wrote "A dwarf on a giant's shoulders sees farther of the two." Samuel Taylor Coleridge, in The Friend (1828), wrote: "The dwarf sees farther than the giant, when he has the giant's shoulder to mount on." Against this notion, Friedrich Nietzsche argues that a dwarf (the academic scholar) brings even the most sublime heights down to his level of understanding. In the section of Thus Spoke Zarathustra (1882) entitled "On the Vision and the

This is a document about Standing on the shoulders of giants
 The British two pound coin bears the inscription STANDING ON THE SHOULDERS OF GIANTS on its edge; this is intended as a quotation of Newton. ; Google Scholar has adopted "Stand on the shoulders of giants" as its motto. ; In Umberto Eco's novel The Name of the Rose, William of Baskerville utters the words when speaking to Nicholas of Morimondo, the master glazier at the monastery. Nicholas says about his art: "We no longer have the learning of the ancients, the age of giants is past!", to which William replies: "We are dwarfs, but dwarfs who stand on the shoulders of those giants, and small

This is a document about Quarrel of the Ancients and the Moderns
  Newton took the side of the Ancients against Hooke when he wrote that his work relied heavily on the work on his predecessors and famously stated: "If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of Giants." Hooke, a strong partisan of modernity, claimed that microscopy had reached perfection in modern times and that it was impossible to do better, to which Newton replied predicting that the future would bring new instruments capable of magnifying four thousand times more powerfully, eventually making even the atom visible. Maria Popova comments: "Newton’s humility sprang from an early and formative understanding of how knowledge builds upon itself, incrementally improving upon existing

Isaac Newton is the most commonly attributed source for the phrase "if I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants." However, it was first expressed in English by Bernard of Chartres in the 12th century.


Question: who played the mom on the suite life of zack and cody

Answer: Kimberly Rhodes

This is a document about Kim Rhodes
 Tabitha, with whom Rhodes was pregnant at the end of "<nowiki>Suite Life'</nowiki>"s run. Kim Rhodes Kimberly Rhodes (born June 7, 1969) is an American actress, who portrayed the role of "Cindy Harrison" on two different soap operas, "Another World" (1992–96) and "As the World Turns" (2000–01), as well as Carey Martin in the Disney Channel sitcom "The Suite Life of Zack & Cody" (2005–08) and "The Suite Life on Deck" (2008–11), where she played the mother of twins Zack and Cody (Dylan and Cole Sprouse). She is also known for playing Sheriff Jody Mills on "Supernatural" (2010–). Rhodes was born

This is a document about Kim Rhodes
 Kim Rhodes Kimberly Rhodes (born June 7, 1969) is an American actress, who portrayed the role of "Cindy Harrison" on two different soap operas, "Another World" (1992–96) and "As the World Turns" (2000–01), as well as Carey Martin in the Disney Channel sitcom "The Suite Life of Zack & Cody" (2005–08) and "The Suite Life on Deck" (2008–11), where she played the mother of twins Zack and Cody (Dylan and Cole Sprouse). She is also known for playing Sheriff Jody Mills on "Supernatural" (2010–). Rhodes was born and raised in Portland, Oregon. She graduated from Benson Polytechnic High School, and

This is a document about List of recurring characters in The Suite Life on Deck
  Carey Martin (Kim Rhodes) is Zack and Cody's mother and a singer. She appeared on the first episode "The Suite Life Sets Sail" and has since appeared in "Mom and Dad on Deck", "Trouble in Tokyo" and "Graduation on Deck". She was also a main character on The Suite Life of Zack & Cody.

This is a document about Mary Kate McGeehan
  She is best known to television viewers for her role as Linda Gioberti in the 1980s prime-time drama series Falcon Crest. She appeared in the series from 1982 to 1984. In the mid 80s she also appeared in the highly successful American sci-fi-action-adventure TV series Knight Rider, starring as "Jennifer Knight" in the episode titled "Knight of the Juggernaut" from 1985. Since the 2004 Pilot of the Disney Channel's,  The Suite Life of Zack and Cody (2005), she works as the Dialogue Coach for Dylan Sprouse and Cole Sprouse. She is also on the staff at Gary Spatz's  The Playground - A Young Actors Conservatory  (2006). She and her writing partner, Susan Shaughnessy, won 5th place in the American Screenwriter's Association International Screenplay Competition, for their black comedy script, "Bearded Ladies" (May 2005).

This is a document about The Suite Life of Zack & Cody
  The Suite Life of Zack & Cody is an American sitcom created by Danny Kallis and Jim Geoghan. The series aired on Disney Channel from March 18, 2005, to September 1, 2008. The series was nominated for an Emmy Award three times and was also nominated for a Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Award three times. The series is set in the Tipton Hotel in Boston and centers on Zack and Cody Martin (Dylan and Cole Sprouse), a set of twins who live at the Tipton Hotel. The series' other main characters include the Tipton hotel's heiress London Tipton (Brenda Song), the hotel's candy counter girl Maddie Fitzpatrick (Ashley Tisdale), the manager, Mr. Marion Moseby

This is a document about Allison Janney
  Following few short-lived shows and a brief sabbatical from television, Janney returned to the small screen with the CBS sitcom Mom, which ran from 2013 until 2021. Janney played Bonnie Plunkett, a self-centered, cynical recovering addict who tries to regain the love and trust of her daughter (played by Anna Faris). She was influenced to take on the role following the death of her younger brother from drug addiction, as well as her longtime desire to work on multicam comedy. For her performance on the series, Janney garnered critical acclaim and six Primetime Emmy Award nominations, winning twice as Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series. She also received six nominations at the Critics'

This is a document about Mom (season 1)
  The first season of the television comedy series Mom aired between September 23, 2013, and April 14, 2014, on CBS in the United States. The season was produced by Chuck Lorre Productions and Warner Bros. Television, with series creators Chuck Lorre, Eddie Gorodetsky and Gemma Baker serving as executive producer. The series follows Christy Plunkett (Anna Faris), a 35-year-old single mother who—after dealing with her battle with alcoholism and drug addiction—decides to restart her life in Napa, California's wine country working as a waitress at the restaurant Rustic Fig and attending Alcoholics Anonymous meetings. Her 51-year-old mother Bonnie Plunkett (Allison Janney) is also a recovering drug and alcohol addict, as well as her 17-year-old daughter Violet (Sadie Calvano), who was born when Christy was 17, has become pregnant by her boyfriend Luke (Spencer Daniels). Christy also has a younger son Roscoe (Blake Garrett Rosenthal) by

This is a document about Mom (TV series)
  Mom is an American television sitcom created by Chuck Lorre, Eddie Gorodetsky and Gemma Baker that ran on CBS from September 23, 2013, to May 13, 2021, lasting eight seasons. Set in Napa, California, it follows dysfunctional daughter/mother duo Christy and Bonnie Plunkett, who, after having been estranged for years while both struggled with addiction, attempt to pull their lives and their relationship together by trying to stay sober and attending Alcoholics Anonymous. It stars Anna Faris and Allison Janney in the leading roles, with Mimi Kennedy, Jaime Pressly, Beth Hall, William Fichtner, Sadie Calvano, Blake Garrett Rosenthal, Matt Jones, French Stewart, and Kristen Johnston in supporting roles. Filmed

This is a document about Sachiko Kojima
  Jack O' Lanterns) (Drew (Erica Luttrell)) ; (The Blob That Ate Everyone) (Alex) ; (Chillogy Pt. 1 Squeal of Fortune) (Nicky) ; Grey's Anatomy (Hannah Davies (Christina Ricci)) ; Hit and Run (Mary Murdock (Laura Breckenridge)) ; Hotel for Dogs (Andi (Emma Roberts)) ; The House Bunny (Shelley Darlingson (Anna Faris)) ; Hustlers (Destiny (Constance Wu)) ; I Am Mother (Mother (Rose Byrne)) ; I Origins (Priya Varma (Archie Panjabi)) ; Infinitely Polar Bear (Amelia Stuart (Imogene Wolodarsky)) ; Joe Dirt 2: Beautiful Loser (Brandy (Brittany Daniel)) ; A Knight's Tale (Jocelyn (Shannyn Sossamon)) ; Life After Beth (Beth Slocum (Aubrey Plaza)) ; Life with

This is a document about List of Mom episodes
  Mom is an American sitcom that premiered on September 23, 2013, on CBS. The series was created by Chuck Lorre, Eddie Gorodetsky and Gemma Baker. It follows Christy Plunkett (Anna Faris), a single mother who, upon reaching a turning point in her battle with alcoholism and drug addiction, decides to restart her life in Napa, California's wine country, working as a waitress at the restaurant Rustic Fig and attending Alcoholics Anonymous meetings. Her mother Bonnie Plunkett (Allison Janney) is also a recovering drug and alcohol addict who attempts to have a healthy romantic relationship with her fiancé, Adam (William Fichtner), a paraplegic

This is a document about Mom (season 3)
  16years. Christy also has a younger son Roscoe (Blake Garrett Rosenthal) by her deadbeat ex-husband Baxter (Matt Jones). Other prominent character in the series is the wise Marjorie (Mimi Kennedy), Christy and Bonnie's friend and co-Alcoholics Anonymous member. Jaime Pressly and Beth Hall, who play co-Alcoholics Anonymous members Jill and Wendy, respectively, were upgraded to series regular status for this season. The episodes are usually titled with two odd topics that are mentioned in that episode. Season three of Mom aired Thursdays in the United States at 9:00 p.m. after Life in Pieces in the fall and The Odd Couple in spring. The season received positive reviews from critics and Allison Janney was nominated a Primetime Emmy Award for her performance.

This is a document about Kaycee Stroh
  episodes) in the Disney Channel Original Series, The Suite Life of Zack & Cody as Leslie, a girl who played on the same volleyball team as main characters of the show, London and Maddie. Stroh has also been a guest editor for Tiger Beat magazine. She was also a member of the supporting cast in a direct-to-DVD musical story from Liken the Scriptures called Ammon and King Lamoni. Stroh has worked on occasion as a spokesperson and plus size model for the online retailer Torrid. She reprised her role as Martha Cox in High School Musical 3: Senior Year, released on October 24, 2008. Stroh was a contestant on Season 7 of Celebrity Fit Club.

This is a document about Mimi Rogers
  Dawson's Creek (2003) as the mother of Jen Lindley (Michelle Williams) and in Las Vegas (2003). She also appears in the comedy prequel Dumb and Dumberer: When Harry Met Lloyd (2003). In 2004, she starred alongside Jeff Bridges and Kim Basinger in the drama The Door in the Floor. Between 2006 and 2007, Rogers was a series regular on the Fox comedy The Loop playing Meryl. In 2010, Rogers had a guest voice role on King of the Hill and served as a producer on Unstoppable. In 2010, she performed at the Geffen Playhouse in Love, Loss, and What I Wore. In 2011, she was cast

This is a document about Mom (TV series)
  Mom follows Christy Plunkett (Anna Faris), a single mother who, after battling alcoholism and drug abuse, decides to restart her life in Napa, California, working as a waitress and attending Alcoholics Anonymous meetings. Her mother, Bonnie Plunkett, (Allison Janney) is also a recovering addict. Christy's daughter, Violet (Sadie Calvano), who was born when Christy was 17, has also become a teen mother by her boyfriend, Luke (Spencer Daniels). Christy also has a young son, Roscoe (Blake Garrett Rosenthal) by her ex-husband Baxter (Matt Jones), a deadbeat but likable pothead. Christy eventually returned to school and pursues her dream of becoming a lawyer, while Bonnie develops a romantic relationship with a retired stuntman named Adam Janikowski (William Fichtner), whom she eventually marries. Through it all, Christy and Bonnie rely on their support system from AA, including the wise Marjorie (Mimi Kennedy), wealthy and materialistic Jill (Jaime Pressly), submissive and sometimes overly-emotional Wendy (Beth Hall), and loudmouthed but sweet Tammy (Kristen Johnston). Collectively, they help each other stay sober in the face of the conflicts they face. Following the departure of Christy, who moves to Washington, the show delves more into the personal lives of her friends she left behind.

This is a document about Julia Duffy
  and Jan Hooks. However, because of conflicting ideas about her character, she was amicably released from her contract, thus leading her to be replaced by Judith Ivey. From 1993 to 1995, Duffy played Barb Ballantine on the short-lived comedy series The Mommies. Duffy played Lindsay Mercer, one of the failed buyers of Winfred-Lauder and the ex-wife of Lord Mercer on The Drew Carey Show. She has a recurring role on the Nickelodeon series Drake & Josh as Linda Hayfer, a high-school English teacher who despises Drake. She appeared on The Suite Life of Zack & Cody as the rich mother of Jason, a boy who goes on a date with Maddie Fitzpatrick (Ashley Tisdale). She made a brief

This is a document about Brett Harrelson
 A Mom for Christmas (Movie, 1990) as Kendall

This is a document about The Suite Life of Zack & Cody
  it is revealed that he now manages the Tipton Hotel in New York. Kim Rhodes portrays Carey Martin, the single working mother of Zack and Cody. She is the hotel's lounge singer. She and her sons traveled to several cities before arriving at the Boston Tipton Hotel, which she calls the "best gig we've ever had". She was married to Kurt Martin, but they divorced after the twins were born for unstated reasons.    Throughout the series' run, Brenda Song was absent for two episodes while Ashley Tisdale was absent for twelve episodes. All other main cast members appeared in all 87 episodes.

This is a document about Millicent Martin
  as Gladys Moon in 13 episodes of Moon and Son, a 1992 BBC detective series created by Robert Banks Stewart, and co-starring John Michie. In 2005, she had a small part in the film, Mrs. Palfrey at the Claremont which starred Joan Plowright. Her later television roles include Gertrude Moon, Daphne Moon's Mancunian mother, in the American sitcom Frasier. She has worked for the Disney Channel, starring in the shows The Suite Life of Zack & Cody, Jonas and in the film Return to Halloweentown. Other performances include guest roles in The Drew Carey Show, Will & Grace, Newhart and Days of Our Lives. She also

This is a document about List of High School Musical characters
  Disney Channel series "The Suite Life of Zack & Cody", insists that she was not offered the role of Sharpay and had to audition, also claiming that she almost didn't get the role because the Disney executives did not think she could play the "mean girl" role based on her performance in "The Suite Life". Tisdale said that she went into the auditions at the last minute, but felt very comfortable in front of the Disney executives, as she already knew them. To ensure that viewers loved to hate her character, Tisdale looked to Rachel McAdams' performance in Mean Girls.

Kim Rhodes played the mom (Carey Martin) on "The Suite Life of Zack & Cody."


Question: when was the first sherlock holmes book published

Answer: 1887

This is a document about Sherlock Holmes
 Sherlock Holmes Sherlock Holmes ( or ) is a fictional private detective created by British author Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. Referring to himself as a "consulting detective" in the stories, Holmes is known for his proficiency with observation, forensic science, and logical reasoning that borders on the fantastic, which he employs when investigating cases for a wide variety of clients, including Scotland Yard. First appearing in print in 1887's "A Study in Scarlet", the character's popularity became widespread with the first series of short stories in "The Strand Magazine", beginning with "A Scandal in Bohemia" in 1891; additional tales appeared

This is a document about Richard Doyle (illustrator)
 father's studio, but from an early age displayed a gifted ability to depict scenes of the fantastic and grotesque. Throughout his life he was fascinated by fairy tales. He produced his first complete illustrated book, "Home for the Holidays", when he was twelve; it was published posthumously in 1887. He joined the staff of "Punch" in 1843 aged 19, remaining there for seven years. He was the uncle of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, author of the Sherlock Holmes stories. Doyle's first published illustrations appeared in "The Eglinton Tournament" (1840), a humour book set in the Middle Ages, which met with

This is a document about Sherlock Holmes
  The first two Sherlock Holmes stories, the novels A Study in Scarlet (1887) and The Sign of the Four (1890), were moderately well received, but Holmes first became very popular early in 1891 when the first six short stories featuring the character were published in The Strand Magazine. Holmes became widely known in Britain and America. The character was so well known that in 1893 when Arthur Conan Doyle killed Holmes in the short story "The Final Problem", the strongly negative response from readers was unlike any previous public reaction to a fictional event. The Strand reportedly lost more than 20,000 subscribers as a result of Holmes's death. Public pressure eventually contributed to Conan Doyle writing another Holmes story in 1901

This is a document about The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes
  Arthur Conan Doyle began writing while studying medicine at university in the late 1870s, and had his first short story, "The Mystery of Sasassa Valley", published in September 1879. Eight years later his first Sherlock Holmes story, the novel A Study in Scarlet, was published by Ward Lock & Co. It was well received, but Doyle was paid little for it; after a sequel novel, The Sign of the Four, was published in Lippincott's Monthly Magazine, he shifted his focus to short stories. Soon after The Strand Magazine was inaugurated in January 1891, its editor Herbert Greenhough Smith received two submissions to the new monthly from Doyle. Later he described his reaction: "I at once realised that here was the greatest short story writer since Edgar Allan Poe." The first of them, "A Scandal in Bohemia",

This is a document about The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes
  The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes is a collection of twelve short stories by Arthur Conan Doyle, first published on 14 October 1892. It contains the earliest short stories featuring the consulting detective Sherlock Holmes, which had been published in twelve monthly issues of The Strand Magazine from July 1891 to June 1892. The stories are collected in the same sequence, which is not supported by any fictional chronology. The only characters common to all twelve are Holmes and Dr. Watson and all are related in first-person narrative from Watson's point of view. In general the stories in The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes identify, and try to correct, social

This is a document about Sherlock Holmes
   The first set of Holmes stories was published between 1887 and 1893. Conan Doyle killed off Holmes in a final battle with the criminal mastermind Professor James Moriarty in "The Final Problem" (published 1893, but set in 1891), as Conan Doyle felt that "my literary energies should not be directed too much into one channel." However, the reaction of the public surprised Doyle very much. Distressed readers wrote anguished letters to The Strand Magazine, which suffered a terrible blow when 20,000 people cancelled their subscriptions to the magazine in protest. Conan Doyle himself received many protest letters, and one lady even began her letter with "You brute". Legend has it that Londoners were so distraught upon hearing the news of Holmes's death that they wore black armbands in mourning, though there is no known contemporary source for this; the

This is a document about Sherlock Holmes
  Sherlock Holmes is a fictional detective created by British author Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. Referring to himself as a "consulting detective" in the stories, Holmes is known for his proficiency with observation, deduction, forensic science, and logical reasoning that borders on the fantastic, which he employs when investigating cases for a wide variety of clients, including Scotland Yard. First appearing in print in 1887's A Study in Scarlet, the character's popularity became widespread with the first series of short stories in The Strand Magazine, beginning with "A Scandal in Bohemia" in 1891; additional tales appeared from then until 1927, eventually totalling four novels and

This is a document about The Return of Sherlock Holmes
  The book was first published in February 1905 by McClure, Phillips & Co. (New York). then on 7 March 1905 by Georges Newnes, Ltd. (London) It was the first Holmes collection since 1893, when Holmes had "died" in "The Final Problem". Having published The Hound of the Baskervilles, set before Holmes's "death", in 1901–1902, Doyle had come under intense pressure to revive the character. The first story, set in 1894, has Holmes returning in London and explaining the period from 1891–1894. Also of note is Watson's statement in the last story in the book that Holmes has retired and has forbidden him to publish any more stories (although again, two more collections and a novel appeared later).

This is a document about Strange Life of Ivan Osokin
 1915, First Edition, Russia, publisher, Pub date ?? ??? 1915 ; 1947, Limited Edition (356 copies), UK, Stourton Press,, Pub date ?? Oct 1947 ; 1947, First Trade Edition, US, Holmes ISBN: 0-571-09587-9, ISBN: 978-0-571-09587-2,, Pub date ?? ??? 1947, Hardback ; 1948, First Edition, UK, Faber & Faber, ISBN: 0-571-09587-9, Pub date ?? ??? 1948, Hardback ; 1947, Lindisfarne Books, US, ISBN: 1-58420-005-7 Paperback 12 editions

This is a document about The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes
  published near the back of the July issue with ten illustrations by Sidney Paget. The stories proved popular, helping to boost the circulation of the magazine, and Doyle was paid 30 guineas each for the initial run of twelve. These first twelve stories were published monthly from July 1891 until June 1892, and then were collected together and published as a book, The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes on 14 October 1892 by George Newnes, the publisher of The Strand Magazine. The initial print run of the book was for 10,000 copies in the United Kingdom, and a further 4,500 copies in the United States, which were published by Harper Brothers the following day. Sidney Paget illustrated all twelve stories in The Strand and in the collection. The preceding Holmes novels had been illustrated by other artists.

This is a document about A Study in Scarlet
  Conan Doyle wrote the novel at the age of 27 in less than three weeks. As a general practice doctor in Southsea, Hampshire, he had already published short stories in several magazines of the day, such as the periodical London Society. The story was originally titled A Tangled Skein, and was eventually published by Ward Lock & Co. in Beeton's Christmas Annual 1887, after many rejections. Conan Doyle had pressed for royalty but instead received £25 in return for the full rights (equivalent to £3,371.95 considering inflation). It was illustrated by David Henry Friston. The novel was first published as a book in July 1888 by Ward, Lock & Co., and featured drawings by the author's father, Charles Doyle. In 1890, J. B. Lippincott & Co. released the first American version. Another edition published in 1891 by Ward, Lock & Bowden Limited (formerly Ward, Lock & Co.) was illustrated by George Hutchinson. A German edition of the novel published in 1902 was illustrated by Richard Gutschmidt. Numerous further editions, translations and dramatisations have appeared since.

This is a document about Timeline of London (1800s)
  first council housing at Arnold Cross, Shoreditch in the East End. ; Pearson move their building contractor's business to London. ; The Rhymers' Club, a group of poets, begins to meet informally at the Cheshire Cheese in Fleet Street. ; 1890–1 – Construction of the first large-scale electrical power station, at Deptford. From mid-1891, the first Bankside Power Station also begins operation. ; 1891 ; January: The Strand Magazine is first published. On 25 June, Arthur Conan Doyle's fictional London private consulting detective Sherlock Holmes appears in it for the first time, in the story "A Scandal in Bohemia" (issue dated

This is a document about Arthur Conan Doyle
  Doyle struggled to find a publisher. His first work featuring Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson, A Study in Scarlet, was written in three weeks when he was 27 and was accepted for publication by Ward Lock & Co on 20 November 1886, which gave Doyle £25 in exchange for all rights to the story. The piece appeared a year later in the Beeton's Christmas Annual and received good reviews in The Scotsman and the Glasgow Herald. Holmes was partially modelled on Doyle's former university teacher Joseph Bell. In 1892, in a letter to Bell, Doyle wrote, "It is most certainly

This is a document about Arthur Conan Doyle bibliography
  continued writing short works—both fictional and non-fictional—throughout his career, and had over 200 stories and articles published. In July 1891 Doyle published the short story "A Scandal in Bohemia" in The Strand Magazine—a "story which would change his life", according to his biographer, Andrew Lycett, as it introduced Holmes and Watson to a wide audience; the duo had provided the subject of Doyle's first novel, A Study in Scarlet, which was published in Beeton's Christmas Annual in 1887. The story in The Strand was one in a series of six, published in successive months. They were well received by the public, and the editors of the

This is a document about David Henry Friston
  A Study in Scarlet, which was also the first Sherlock Holmes adventure. Friston created four pictures for the story, which were engraved by W.M.R. Quick, and published in the 1887 issue of Beeton's Christmas Annual. Friston's pictures are acknowledged to be the first portraits of the Holmes character. The annual was issued in November at a price of one shilling and had sold out before Christmas. The Bookman of New York noted, in 1932, that Friston's Holmes had attracted some criticism: "For the initial appearance of a detective whose exploits were to be recorded for nearly forty years, a veteran illustrator of that day, D.

This is a document about History of crime fiction
  In 1887, Scotsman Sir Arthur Conan Doyle (1859–1930) gave fresh impetus to the emerging form of the detective story by creating Sherlock Holmes, resident at 221B Baker Street, London—probably the most famous of fictional detectives and the first one to have clients, to be hired to solve a case. Holmes's art of detection consists in logical deduction based on minute details that escape everyone else's notice, and the careful and systematic elimination of all clues that in the course of his investigation turn out to lead nowhere. Conan Doyle also introduced Dr. John H. Watson, a physician who acts as Holmes's assistant and who also shares Holmes's flat in Baker Street. In the words of William L De Andrea,

This is a document about 1846 in literature
  publishers during the year but rejected. ; August 15 – The Scott Monument to Sir Walter Scott in Edinburgh (Scotland) is inaugurated. ; September 12 – The poets Elizabeth Barrett and Robert Browning marry privately in St Marylebone Parish Church, London, and depart for the continent a week later. ; October 1 – Serial publication of Charles Dickens's Dombey and Son begins. ; November 21 – The String of Pearls: a Romance, probably written by James Malcolm Rymer and Thomas Peckett Prest, begins serialization in Britain. This is the first literary appearance of Sweeney Todd. ; unknown dates ; Mary Howitt's Wonderful Stories for Children is the first English translation of works by Hans Christian Andersen to be published in book format. ; Isaac D. Baker and Charles Scribner form the New York City publisher Baker & Scribner, predecessor of Charles Scribner's Sons.

This is a document about The Adventure of the Gloria Scott
  The story was published in the UK in The Strand Magazine in April 1893, and in the US in Harper's Weekly on 15 April 1893. It was also published in the US edition of the Strand in May 1893. The story was published with seven illustrations by Sidney Paget in The Strand Magazine, and with two illustrations by W. H. Hyde in Harper's Weekly. It was included in the short story collection The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes, which was published in the UK in December 1893 and in the US in February 1894.

This is a document about 1881 in the United Kingdom
 Sherlock Holmes and Dr John H. Watson first meet at Bart’s Hospital, London, prior to the events narrated in Conan Doyle's A Study in Scarlet (1887) commencing on 4 March.

This is a document about 1830s
 Charles Dickens publishes his first novel The Pickwick Papers followed by Oliver Twist and Nicholas Nickleby ; January 14, 1831 – The Hunchback of Notre Dame is first published by Victor Hugo. ; 1832 – Publication of the first Baedeker guidebook, Voyage du Rhin de Mayence à Cologne, in Koblenz. ; 1832 – Publication begins (posthumously) of Carl von Clausewitz's Vom Kriege ("On War"). ; June 10, 1834 – Thomas Carlyle moves to Cheyne Row (Carlyle's House) in London. ; August 25, 1835 – In the U.S., the New York Sun prints the first of six installments of the Great Moon Hoax. ; December 1, 1835 – Hans Christian Andersen publishes his first book of fairy tales. ; March 1836 – First monthly part of Charles Dickens' The Pickwick Papers ("The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club ..., edited by Boz") published in London. ; 1836 – The first printed literature in Assyrian Neo-Aramaic is produced by Justin Perkins, an American Presbyterian missionary. ; February 1837 – Charles Dickens's Oliver Twist begins publication in serial form in London. ; March 23, 1839 – The Boston Morning Post first records the use of "OK" (oll korrect).

The first Sherlock Holmes book, "A Study in Scarlet," was published in 1887. However, the first collection of short stories featuring Sherlock Holmes, "The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes," was published in 1892.


Question: who did mandy moore play in princess diaries

Answer: Lana Thomas

This is a document about The Princess Diaries (film)
 grossing $165.3 million worldwide. The film was followed by a sequel, "", released in August 2004. Teenager Mia Thermopolis lives with her artist mother, Helen, and her cat, Fat Louie in a remodeled San Francisco firehouse. A somewhat awkward and unpopular girl, Mia has a fear of public speaking, and often wishes to be "invisible". She has a crush on Josh Bryant, but is frequently teased by both him and his cheerleader girlfriend, Lana Thomas. Mia’s only friendships are in the form of the equally unpopular Lilly Moscovitz and Lilly's brother, Michael, who secretly has a crush on Mia. Just

This is a document about Mandy Moore
 had sold more than ten million albums worldwide. Moore's acting career began in 2001, when she made her feature film debut with a minor voice role in the comedy "Dr. Dolittle 2", before co-starring as Lana Thomas in the comedy "The Princess Diaries". In 2002, she had her first starring role as Jamie Sullivan in the romantic drama "A Walk to Remember". Moore later voiced Rapunzel in the Disney animated fantasy musical comedy "Tangled" (2010). She went on to reprise the role in the short film "Tangled Ever After" (2012) and the Disney Channel television series "" (2017–present). Moore has

This is a document about Stupid Cupid
 by Jo Wyatt (of Minipops) whose 1982 version reached #1 in France and #45 in the Netherlands, and by Mandy Moore for "The Princess Diaries" soundtrack, and in the motion picture, for her character Lana Thomas sings. Danny Mann () recorded the German language rendering "Sexie Hexy" in 1958 while the Portuguese rendering: "Estúpido Cupido", recorded by Brazilian singer Celly Campelo (), was the #1 single in Brazil for the year 1959. Arja Koriseva featured a Finnish rendering of "Stupid Cupid": "Tuttu juttu", on her 1990 self-titled album. In 2003, Jordan McCoy performed the song on "American Juniors". The song

This is a document about The Princess Diaries (film)
  The Princess Diaries is a 2001 American coming-of-age comedy film produced by Walt Disney Pictures and directed by Garry Marshall. Based on Meg Cabot's 2000 young adult novel of the same name, the film was written by Gina Wendkos and stars Anne Hathaway and Julie Andrews, with a supporting cast consisting of Héctor Elizondo, Heather Matarazzo, Mandy Moore, Caroline Goodall and Robert Schwartzman. The film follows Mia Thermopolis (Hathaway), a shy American teenager who learns she is heir to the throne of a European kingdom. Under the tutelage of her estranged grandmother (Andrews), the kingdom's reigning queen, Mia must decide whether to claim the throne she has inherited or renounce her title permanently. Feeling confident about the novel's film potential, Cabot's agent pursued producer

This is a document about Mandy Moore
  Later that year, Moore co-starred with Anne Hathaway in the comedy The Princess Diaries, based on Meg Cabot's novel of the same name, and was released on August 3, 2001. She played Lana Thomas, the rival of Mia Thermopolis (Hathaway). On her role, Moore told InStyle Magazine, "I'm the crude popular girl who gets ice cream in her face." The film opened in 2,537 theaters in North America and grossed $22,862,269 in its opening weekend. It grossed $165,335,153 worldwide—$108,248,956 in North America and $57,086,197 in other territories. The film received mixed to positive reviews. Rotten Tomatoes reported that 47% of 113 sampled critics gave the film positive

This is a document about The Princess Diaries (film)
  was cast as Michael, Mia's love interest and Lilly's brother. His real-life band Rooney has a cameo appearance as garage band Flypaper, with Schwartzman playing their lead singer. The musicians perform "Blueside", one of Rooney's original songs. Schwartzman wanted to change his last name in the credits to Cage in honor of his cousin Nicolas Cage, but the film's promotional material had already been finalized. The Princess Diaries remains Schwartzman's only major film role. Marshall cast several of his own family members in supporting and minor roles. Kathleen Marshall, Marshall's daughter, plays Clarisse's secretary Charlotte Kutaway. Charlotte's surname is finally revealed during the closing credits; Marshall

This is a document about Anne Hathaway
  The comedy The Princess Diaries and the adventure drama The Other Side of Heaven, both 2001 Disney films, featured Hathaway in lead roles. Based on Meg Cabot's 2000 novel of the same name, the former follows a teenager Mia Thermopolis (Hathaway) who discovers that she is the heiress to the throne of the fictional Kingdom of Genovia. Hathaway auditioned for the role during a flight layover on the way to New Zealand. Garry Marshall, the film's director, initially considered Liv Tyler for the role, but cast Hathaway after his granddaughters suggested that she had the best "princess" hair. The film became a major commercial success, grossing $165 million worldwide. Many critics praised Hathaway's performance; a BBC critic noted

This is a document about The Princess Diaries (film)
  The Princess Diaries earned mixed reviews from film critics upon release. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that 48% of 115 critics surveyed reviewed the film positively. The website's critical consensus reads, "A charming, if familiar, makeover movie for young teenage girls." Metacritic assigned the film a weighted score of 52 based on 27 reviews, indicating "Mixed or average reviews". Ed Park, writing for The Village Voice, reviewed the film as "a modest, enjoyable fairy tale that easily outcharms its animated stablemates of the past decade", continuing, "The movie hits its timeworn marks with grace and wit, thanks to game gamine Hathaway and an effortlessly regal

This is a document about Rapunzel's Tangled Adventure
 Rapunzel (Mandy Moore) is the long-lost Princess of Corona who adjusts to her new life after escaping her captor, Gothel. ; Eugene (Zachary Levi), formerly Flynn Rider, is a reformed thief. Eugene marries Rapunzel and finds his place in Corona as a royal guard instructor and later sets off with Rapunzel on her adventure.he is later revealed to be the son of King Edmund and prince of the dark kingdom. ; Cassandra (Eden Espinosa) is the adopted daughter of the Captain of the Guards. She is Rapunzel's best friend and lady-in-waiting until she learns that her birth mother is the

This is a document about The Princess Diaries (film)
  elements. The film has also drawn comparisons to Pygmalion, a play that provided the basis for the stage musical My Fair Lady, in which Andrews coincidentally originated the role of Eliza Doolittle; Mia has been compared to Eliza. Identifying Pygmalion as "the model for all subsequent dramas about the recreation of social identity", The Guardian film critic Philip French cited The Princess Diaries as one of several "makeover drama[s]" inspired by the play. Similarly, HuffPost contributor Matthew recognized the film among several "recent approaches" to the Pygmalion story. Jacobs Kristal Brent Zook of The Washington Post wrote that Clarisse "must ... remake the gawky girl into

This is a document about The Princess Diaries (film)
  Chase decided that, in terms of ethnicity, the film's cast would remain faithful to the novel due to Mia and Clarisse ruling a European country, and Chase preferring to "make good movies" as opposed to limiting herself to African-American films. Anne Hathaway was cast in the lead role of Mia Thermopolis after Juliette Lewis, to whom the part had originally been offered, turned it down. Aged eighteen at the time, The Princess Diaries was Hathaway's first major film role, for which she auditioned during a 26-hour layover in Los Angeles, California while traveling to New Zealand to film The Other Side of Heaven (2001). Her only prior

This is a document about The Princess Diaries
  the books is Mia's relationship with Michael Moscovitz, Lilly's older brother. Their relationship survives obstacles throughout several books of the series, such as their age difference and Mia's (often overwrought) anxieties, as Mia works out how to effectively manage romantic relationships as a maturing adolescent. In Disney's The Princess Diaries 2001, Mia (who was portrayed by Anne Hathaway) is aged 15, unlicensed, and owns a 1965 Mustang. She has similar qualities, but her father dies two months prior to where the movie begins, and her last name is Renaldi instead of Renaldo. She lives in San Francisco instead of New York.

This is a document about Tangled: The Video Game
  The story follows that of the film very closely, with Mandy Moore and Zachary Levi reprising their roles as Rapunzel and Flynn. In a faraway kingdom, a king sought a cure for his wife's life-threatening ailment. After hearing of a magical flower that could cure everything, he ordered a broth made of the flower, and his wife was immediately cured. The trade-off was that their newborn daughter had long, flowing blonde hair that possessed its own healing powers. Hearing of this discovery, an evil witch kidnapped the infant princess, locked her away in a tower, raised her as her own child and warned her of the horrors of the outside world. Years later, a bandit by the name of Flynn Rider came upon the tower and found himself knocked out by the now-teenage princess named Rapunzel. After agreeing to hide his stolen stash, she made a deal with the bandit: The stash would be returned only if he agreed to show her the kingdom where flying lanterns were released every night on her birthday.

This is a document about Mandy Moore
  Amanda Leigh Moore (born April 10, 1984) is an American singer, songwriter, and actress. She rose to fame with her debut single, "Candy", which peaked at number 41 on the Billboard Hot 100. Her debut studio album, So Real (1999), received a platinum certification from the RIAA. The title single from her first compilation album, I Wanna Be With You (2000), became Moore's first top 30 song in the U.S., peaking at number 24 on the Hot 100. Moore subsequently released the studio albums Mandy Moore (2001), Coverage (2003), Wild Hope (2007), Amanda Leigh (2009) and Silver Landings (2020). Moore made her feature film debut in 2001, with a minor voice role in the comedy film Dr. Dolittle 2, before starring as Lana Thomas in the comedy film The Princess Diaries. She received recognition for her starring role as Jamie Sullivan in

This is a document about The Princess Diaries (film)
  Disney attempted to market the film cleverly to dispel the stigma associated with G-rated films at the time. The Princess Diaries premiered on July 29, 2001, at the El Capitan Theatre. Prior to introducing the film, Marshall encouraged audience members to chant "G is a good rating", deliberately referencing the lack of G-rated films released that year. A princess-themed tea party was hosted following the screening, with cast members Andrews, Hathaway, Matarazzo, Moore, Goodall, Schwartzman, Von Detten and Burbano attending. In addition to Jacobson, Disney executives Bob Iger, Richard Cook, Mark Vahradian, Chuck Viane and Oren Aviv were present, as well as actors Spencer Treat Clark, David Hasselhoff, Jennifer Love Hewitt

This is a document about The Latest Buzz
  chemistry, despite being major opposites. She gets a coupon for her first kiss from Wilder. She dates Michael in one episode. Many boys have a crush on her, but she is only interested in Wilder, even though she breaks his heart in "The Summer Bash Issue". In "The Hip-Hop Issue" she brings a prince named Chase as her date to the dance, who looks exactly like Wilder (he is played by Thomas Chambers, Munro Chambers' identical twin brother). Wilder and Chase argue over her in a dance-off, and though Chase wins, Amanda chooses Wilder because she says he has always "treated her like a princess." Whenever

This is a document about The Princess Diaries (film)
  developed female characters whose arcs aren't dependent on male characters", additionally passing the Bechdel test. A critic for Time Out wrote that the film discusses "responsibility, surrogacy, rites of passage and the value of friendship". Most of Marshall's films revolve around themes "of recognizing and embracing one's own unique qualities and gifts". The Globe and Mail 's Liam Lacey observed that the film adheres to a traditional fairy tale plot: "a fairy godmother, and the lowly girl who becomes a princess, complete with tiara, the dress and a plump frog to be transformed into Prince Charming". The Princess Diaries has been noted to contain some romantic

This is a document about Tangled Ever After
 Mandy Moore as Princess Rapunzel, the main protagonist of the film ; Zachary Levi as Eugene Fitzherbert, a former thief who falls in love with Rapunzel ; Alan Dale as Priest ; Paul F. Tompkins as Short Thug ; Kari Wahlgren as Queen Arianna ; Mark Allan Stewart as Dove Caller ; Byron Howard as Lantern Wrangler / Chef (voice) ; Nathan Greno as Maximus / Guard / Stabbington brothers ; Frank Welker as Pascal ; Matt Nolan as Frying Pan Caller

This is a document about List of Totally Spies! characters
  Mandy is the girls' primary villainess for their non-spy adventures starting at Beverly Hills High. She has long black hair and violet eyes, with a beauty mark under her left eye. The film website profiles her as the popular girl, charismatic, cute, very rich, and hyper-fashionable. However, she is "the spies' worst nightmare – a pest that does everything to ridicule". She has a high, squeaky voice with a nasal laugh. Her rivalry with Clover is most pronounced, as they often compete over boys, popularity, and bragging rights. Mandy will go out of her way to annoy the girls and will

This is a document about Yūko Kaida
  The Princess Diaries 2: Royal Engagement (Mia Thermopolis) ; Brokeback Mountain (Lureen Newsome Twist) ; Colossal (Gloria) ; Ocean's 8 (Daphne Kluger) ; Locked Down (Linda) ; Michelle Rodriguez ; Fast & Furious (Leticia "Letty" Ortiz) ; Fast & Furious 6 (Leticia "Letty" Ortiz) ; Furious 7 (Leticia "Letty" Ortiz-Toretto) ; The Fate of the Furious (Leticia "Letty" Ortiz-Toretto) ; F9 (Letty Ortiz) ; Blake Lively ; The Private Lives of Pippa Lee (Young Pippa) ; Green Lantern (Carol Ferris) ; The Shallows (Nancy Adams) ; Emily Blunt ; The Young Victoria (Queen Victoria) ; The Five-Year Engagement (Violet Barnes) ; Looper

Mandy Moore played the role of Lana Thomas in "The Princess Diaries."


Question: when was the cat in the hat written

Answer: 1957

This is a document about The Cat in the Hat
 The Cat in the Hat The Cat in the Hat is a children's book written and illustrated by Theodor Geisel under the pen name Dr. Seuss and first published in 1957. The story centers on a tall anthropomorphic cat, who wears a red and white-striped hat and a red bow tie. The Cat shows up at the house of Sally and her brother one rainy day when their mother is away. Despite the repeated objections of the children's fish, the Cat shows the children a few of his tricks in an attempt to entertain them. In the process he and

This is a document about Picture book
 upon two randomly selected words—cat and hat. Up until the mid-1950s, there was a degree of separation between illustrated educational books and illustrated picture books. That changed with "The Cat in the Hat" in 1957. Because of the success of "The Cat In The Hat" an independent publishing company was formed, called Beginner Books. The second book in the series was nearly as popular, "The Cat in the Hat Comes Back", published in 1958. Other books in the series were "Sam and the Firefly" (1958), "Green Eggs and Ham" (1960), "Are You My Mother?" (1960), "Go, Dog. Go!" (1961), "Hop

This is a document about The Cat in the Hat
 book's title character in the tradition of con artists in American art, including the title characters from Meredith Willson's "The Music Man" and L. Frank Baum's "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz". Nel also contends that Geisel identified with the Cat, pointing to a self portrait of Geisel in which he appears as the Cat, which was published alongside a profile about him in "The Saturday Evening Post" on July 6, 1957. Michael K. Frith, who worked as Geisel's editor, concurs, arguing that "The Cat in the Hat and Ted Geisel were inseparable and the same. I think there's no question

This is a document about The Cat in the Hat (TV special)
 song parodies, however only Seuss is credited. The Cat in the Hat (TV special) The Cat in the Hat is an American animated musical television special first aired on CBS on July 4, 1971, based on the 1957 Dr. Seuss children's book of the same name, and produced by DePatie–Freleng Enterprises. With voices by Allan Sherman and prolific vocal performer Daws Butler, this half-hour special is a loose adaptation with added musical sequences. As the story opens, it is too rainy and cold to play outside, so Sally and Conrad sit bored and look out the window. Their mom announces

This is a document about The Cat in the Hat (TV special)
 The Cat in the Hat (TV special) The Cat in the Hat is an American animated musical television special first aired on CBS on July 4, 1971, based on the 1957 Dr. Seuss children's book of the same name, and produced by DePatie–Freleng Enterprises. With voices by Allan Sherman and prolific vocal performer Daws Butler, this half-hour special is a loose adaptation with added musical sequences. As the story opens, it is too rainy and cold to play outside, so Sally and Conrad sit bored and look out the window. Their mom announces her departure, tells them to have fun,

This is a document about Beginner Books
 Beginner Books Beginner Books is the Random House imprint for young children ages 3–9, co-founded by Phyllis Cerf with Ted Geisel, more often known as Dr. Seuss, and his wife Helen Palmer Geisel. Their first book was Dr. Seuss's "The Cat in the Hat" (1957). Cerf compiled a list of 379 words as the basic vocabulary for young readers, along with another twenty slightly harder "emergency" words. No more than 200 words were taken from that list to write "The Cat in the Hat". Subsequent books in the series were modeled on the same requirement. Beginner Books had only four

This is a document about Dr. Seuss Enters., L.P. v. Penguin Books USA, Inc.
  Dr. Seuss Enterprises owns the trademarks and copyrights author Dr. Seuss' publications. Dr. Seuss authored and published 47 books that are widely distributed and contains characteristics such as simple rhyming and repetitive language, with characters that are recognizable to children. This includes the book The Cat in the Hat, first published in 1957 with the main character being "the Cat" who wears a red and white striped stovepipe hat, which Seuss owns the trademark to. Dr. Seuss also owns copyright registrations for several books containing the Cat. Alan Katz and Chris Wrinn wrote and illustrated ''The Cat NOT in the Hat! A Parody by Dr. Juice''

This is a document about The Cat in the Hat
  Theodor Geisel, writing as Dr. Seuss, created The Cat in the Hat partly in response to the May 24, 1954, Life magazine article by John Hersey titled "Why Do Students Bog Down on First R? A Local Committee Sheds Light on a National Problem: Reading". In the article, Hersey was critical of school primers like those featuring Dick and Jane: "In the classroom boys and girls are confronted with books that have insipid illustrations depicting the slicked-up lives of other children... All feature abnormally courteous, unnaturally clean boys and girls.... In bookstores anyone can buy brighter, livelier books featuring strange and wonderful animals and children who behave naturally, i.e., sometimes misbehave... Given incentive from school boards, publishers could do as well with primers." After detailing many issues contributing to the dilemma

This is a document about The Cat in the Hat
  Geisel agreed to write The Cat in the Hat at the request of William Spaulding of Houghton Mifflin; however, because Geisel was under contract with Random House, the head of Random House, Bennett Cerf, made a deal with Houghton Mifflin. Random House retained the rights to trade sales, which encompassed copies of the book sold at book stores, while Houghton Mifflin retained the education rights, which encompassed copies sold to schools. The Houghton Mifflin edition was released in January or February 1957, and the Random House edition was released on March 1. The two editions featured different covers but were otherwise identical. The first edition can be

This is a document about Picture book
  followed up with The 500 Hats of Bartholomew Cubbins in 1938, followed by The King's Stilts in 1939, and Horton Hatches the Egg in 1940, all published by Random House. From 1947 to 1956 Seuss had twelve children's picture books published. Dr. Seuss created The Cat in the Hat in reaction to a Life magazine article by John Hersey in lamenting the unrealistic children in school primers books. Seuss rigidly limited himself to a small set of words from an elementary school vocabulary list, then crafted a story based upon two randomly selected words—cat and hat. Up until the mid-1950s, there was

This is a document about The Cat in the Hat
  The Cat in the Hat is a 1957 children's book written and illustrated by the American author Theodor Geisel, using the pen name Dr. Seuss. The story centers on a tall anthropomorphic cat who wears a red and white-striped hat and a red bow tie. The Cat shows up at the house of Sally and her brother one rainy day when their mother is away. Despite the repeated objections of the children's fish, the Cat shows the children a few of his tricks in an attempt to entertain them. In the process, he and his companions, Thing One and Thing Two, wreck the house. As the children and the fish become more alarmed, the Cat

This is a document about The Cat in the Hat
  at number nine on its list of best-selling children's books of all time. The book's success led to the creation of Beginner Books, a publishing house centered on producing similar books for young children learning to read. In 1983, Geisel said, "It is the book I'm proudest of because it had something to do with the death of the Dick and Jane primers." Since its publication, The Cat in the Hat has become one of Dr Seuss’s most famous books, with the Cat himself becoming his signature creation. The book was adapted into a 1971 animated television special and a 2003 live-action film, and the Cat has been included in many Dr. Seuss media.

This is a document about The Cat in the Hat
  edition, which was sold in bookstores. Geisel gave varying accounts of how he created The Cat in the Hat, but in the version he told most often, he was so frustrated with the word list from which he could choose words to write his story that he decided to scan the list and create a story based on the first two rhyming words he found. The words he found were cat and hat. The book was met with immediate critical and commercial success. Reviewers praised it as an exciting alternative to traditional primers. Three years after its debut, the book had already sold over a million copies, and in 2001, Publishers Weekly listed the

This is a document about Dr. Seuss
  In May 1954, Life published a report on illiteracy among school children which concluded that children were not learning to read because their books were boring. William Ellsworth Spaulding was the director of the education division at Houghton Mifflin (he later became its chairman), and he compiled a list of 348 words that he felt were important for first-graders to recognize. He asked Geisel to cut the list to 250 words and to write a book using only those words. Spaulding challenged Geisel to "bring back a book children can't put down". Nine months later, Geisel completed The Cat in the Hat, using 236 of the words given to him. It

This is a document about Green Eggs and Ham
  Green Eggs and Ham was published on August 12, 1960. By 2001 it had become the fourth-best selling English-language children's hardcover book yet written. As of 2014 the book has sold 8 million copies. In 1999 the National Education Association (NEA) conducted an online survey of children and teachers, seeking the 100 most popular children's books. The children ranked Green Eggs and Ham third, just above another Dr. Seuss book, The Cat in the Hat. The teachers ranked it fourth. Teachers ranked it fourth again in a 2007 NEA poll. Scholastic Parent & Child magazine placed it #7 among the "100 Greatest Books for Kids" in 2012. That same year, it was ranked number 12 among the "Top 100 Picture Books" in a survey published by School Library Journal – the first of

This is a document about The Cat in the Hat
  been translated into French, Chinese, Swedish, and Braille. In 2001, Publishers Weekly placed it at number nine on its list of the best-selling children's books of all time. As of 2007, more than 10 million copies of The Cat in the Hat have been printed, and it has been translated into more than 12 different languages, including Latin, under the title Cattus Petasatus. In 2007, on the occasion of the book's fiftieth anniversary, Random House released The Annotated Cat: Under the Hats of Seuss and His Cats, which includes both The Cat in the Hat and its sequel, with annotations and an introduction by Philip Nel.

This is a document about List of years in poetry
 1959 in poetry Death of Edgar Guest, Lakshmi Prasad Devkota ; 1958 in poetry Boris Pasternak awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature; Death of Alfred Noyes, Robert W. Service; Ezra Pound's indictment for treason is dismissed. He is released from St. Elizabeths Hospital, an insane asylum in Maryland, after spending 12 years there (starting in 1946) ; 1957 in poetry Howl obscenity trial in San Francisco, Ted Hughes's The Hawk in the Rain, Dr. Seuss's The Cat in the Hat and How the Grinch Stole Christmas; Death of Oliver St. John Gogarty ; 1956 in poetry Allen Ginsberg's Howl and Other

This is a document about The Cat in the Hat
  was operated by a "small, stooped woman wearing 'a leather half-glove and a secret smile'". Anita Silvey, recounting a similar story, described the woman as "a very elegant, very petite African-American woman named Annie Williams". Geisel told Silvey that, when he sketched the Cat in the Hat, he thought of Williams and gave the character Williams' white gloves and "sly, even foxy smile". Geisel gave two conflicting, partly fictionalized accounts of the book's creation in two articles, "How Orlo Got His Book" in The New York Times Book Review and "My Hassle with the First Grade Language" in the Chicago Tribune, both published on November 17, 1957. In "My

This is a document about Picture book
  degree of separation between illustrated educational books and illustrated picture books. That changed with The Cat in the Hat in 1957. Because of the success of The Cat in The Hat an independent publishing company was formed, called Beginner Books. The second book in the series was nearly as popular, The Cat in the Hat Comes Back, published in 1958. Other books in the series were Sam and the Firefly (1958), Green Eggs and Ham (1960), Are You My Mother? (1960), Go, Dog. Go! (1961), Hop on Pop (1963), and Fox in Socks (1965). Creators in the Beginner Book series were Stan

The Cat in the Hat was first written and published in 1957.