Question: who determines whether a defendant was legally insane

Answer: forensic mental health professionals

This is a document about Insanity defense
 as "People v. Serravo". In the United Kingdom, Ireland, and the United States, use of the defense is rare; however, since the Criminal Procedure (Insanity and Unfitness to Plead) Act 1991, insanity pleas have steadily increased in the UK. Mitigating factors, including things not eligible for the insanity defense such as intoxication (or, more frequently, diminished capacity), may lead to reduced charges or reduced sentences. The defense is based on evaluations by forensic mental health professionals with the appropriate test according to the jurisdiction. Their testimony guides the jury, but they are not allowed to testify to the accused's criminal

This is a document about Insanity defense
  Insanity is determined through a judicial decision issued on the basis of expert opinions of psychiatrists and psychologists.

This is a document about Insanity in English law
  If a defendant at the time of trial claims he is insane, this hinges on whether or not he is able to understand the charge, the difference between "guilty" and "not guilty" and is able to instruct his lawyers. If he is unable to do these things, he can be found "unfit to plead" under Section 4 of the Criminal Procedure (Insanity) Act 1964. In that situation, the judge has wide discretion as to what to do with the defendant, except in cases of murder, where he must be detained in hospital.

This is a document about Domestic Violence, Crime and Victims Act 2004
  Judges, not a specially empanelled jury, now decide if a defendant is fit to plead.". The regime for dealing with defendants who are unfit to plead or not guilty by reason of insanity (that is, committed the physical acts constituting the offence but without the sane intent) has also been modified. The court, not the Home Secretary, makes the assessment (requiring medical evidence to do so) whether the defendant should be committed to a psychiatric hospital.

This is a document about Forensic psychology
  and are unable to conform their behavior to the dictates of the law. Evaluating insanity involves using crime scene analysis to determine the mental state at the time of the crime, establishing a diagnosis, interviewing the defendant and any other relevant witnesses, and verifying impressions of the defendant. Challenges associated with this type of assessment involve defendant malingering, determining the defendant's past mental state, the chance that different experts may come to different conclusions depending on the assessment method used, and the fact that it is very common for society to label any psychological disorder as insane (though few actually fall into this category; insanity primarily involves psychotic disorders).

This is a document about Ultimate issue
  If the issue is the defendant's mental state at the time of the offense, the ultimate issue would be the defendant's sanity or insanity during the commission of the crime. In the past, expert witnesses were allowed to give testimony on ultimate issues, such as the applicability of the insanity defense to a particular defendant. However, after the 1982 trial of John Hinckley, Jr., the federal rules of evidence were changed. Now in the United States, federal courts and some states have rules of evidence that specifically rule out legal conclusions drawn by expert witnesses in their testimony. However, a large amount of judicial discretion is allowed in how this rule is applied, resulting in an uneven application of rules across jurisdictions.

This is a document about Insanity defense
  Kansas' abolition of the insanity defense, stating that the Constitution does not require Kansas to adopt an insanity test that turns on a defendant's ability to recognize that his crime was morally wrong. The insanity defense is also complicated because of the underlying differences in philosophy between psychiatrists/psychologists and legal professionals. In the United States, a psychiatrist, psychologist or other mental health professional is often consulted as an expert witness in insanity cases, but the ultimate legal judgment of the defendant's sanity is determined by a jury, not by a mental health professional. In other words, mental health professionals provide testimony and professional opinion but are not ultimately responsible for answering legal questions.

This is a document about Insanity
  Since the question of sanity or insanity is a legal question and not a medical one, the judge and or jury will make the final decision regarding the defendant's status regarding an insanity defense. In most jurisdictions within the United States, if the insanity plea is accepted, the defendant is committed to a psychiatric institution for at least 60 days for further evaluation, and then reevaluated at least yearly after that. Insanity is generally no defense in a civil lawsuit, but an insane plaintiff can toll the statute of limitations for filing a suit until gaining sanity, or until a statute of repose has run.

This is a document about Clark v. Arizona
  his act. The public were outraged by the decision. The rule states that every person is assumed to be sane and that to establish a ground of insanity, it must be proved that at the time of committing a crime, the criminal was acting due to a "defect of reason" or mental illness, causing a lack of understanding the nature of the act. The rule includes as a test of distinguishing whether or not a defendant can determine the difference between right and wrong. One of the best known applications of the insanity defense was for John W. Hinckley, a man who attempted to assassinate Ronald Reagan in 1982. He was ultimately acquitted of his charges under the insanity defense. The outrage after the court decision caused four states to eliminate the insanity defense: Montana, Utah, Idaho, and Kansas.

This is a document about Forensic psychology
  defense acknowledges that, while an unlawful act did occur, the individual displayed a lack of mens rea. The burden of proof in determining if a defendant is insane lies with the defense team. A notable case relating to this type of assessment is that of Ford v. Wainwright, in which it was decided that forensic psychologists must be appointed to assess the competency of an inmate to be executed in death penalty cases. There are various definitions of insanity acknowledged within the legal system. The M'Naghten/McNaugton rule (1843) defines insanity as the individual not understanding the nature and quality of his or her acts or that these acts were

This is a document about United States federal laws governing defendants with mental diseases or defects
  Per Federal Rule of Criminal Procedure 12.2, a defendant intending to pursue an insanity defense must timely notify an attorney for the government in writing. The government then has a right to have the court order a psychiatric or psychological examination. If the defendant does not submit to the examination, the court may exclude any expert evidence from the defendant on the issue of the defendant’s mental disease, mental defect, or any other mental condition. Federal law provides for the commitment of those found not guilty only by reason of insanity. Once such a verdict is handed down, the defendant has the burden of proof of showing that his release would not create a substantial risk of bodily injury to another person or serious damage of property of another due to a present mental disease or defect. Because of the difficulty in proving such a thing, in some cases, defendants found not guilty only by reason of insanity serve more time in a mental hospital than they would have served in prison had they been found guilty. A risk panel is typically tasked with making such assessments.

This is a document about Clark v. Arizona
  Depending on the state, the insanity law places the burden of proof on the prosecution, which must prove that the defendant is not insane, or on the defense, which must prove that the defendant is insane. After the application of the insanity defense began, Jones v. United States permitted people acquitted due to insanity to be held in a mental hospital for a longer time to the one that they would be in prison, depending on the circumstances. The courts also require for the subject in question to be able to withstand a trial or otherwise to be hospitalized until they are able to go to trial. Another way that a case regarding mental illness is handled is the verdict being "guilty but mentally ill." Then, the person is given a sentence but is offered psychiatric treatment while incarcerated or is taken to a mental hospital until the person is believed to be capable enough to be taken to a prison to serve the remainder of the sentence.

This is a document about Insanity in English law
  Under the current law there are two applications of the insanity defence; where it is claimed that the defendant was insane at the time that he committed the crime, and where it is claimed that he was insane at the time of the trial and thus unable to effectively defend himself. The defence is most commonly used in the Crown Court, since it was previously believed that it required a jury; in DPP v Harper [1997], it was decided that the defence could also be applied in a magistrates' court.

This is a document about M'Naghten rules
  was doing "no more than a wild beast or a brute, or an infant". The next major advance occurred in Hadfield's Trial 1800 27 How St. Tr. 765 in which the court decided that a crime committed under some delusion would be excused only if it would have been excusable had the delusion been true. This would deal with the situation, for example, when the accused imagines he is cutting through a loaf of bread, whereas in fact he is cutting through a person's neck. Each jurisdiction may have its own standards of the insanity defence. More than one standard can be applied to any case based on multiple jurisdictions.

This is a document about Insanity defense
  appropriate test according to the jurisdiction. Their testimony guides the jury, but they are not allowed to testify to the accused's criminal responsibility, as this is a matter for the jury to decide. Similarly, mental health practitioners are restrained from making a judgment on the "ultimate issue"—whether the defendant is insane. Some jurisdictions require the evaluation to address the defendant's ability to control their behavior at the time of the offense (the volitional limb). A defendant claiming the defense is pleading "not guilty by reason of insanity" (NGRI) or "guilty but insane or mentally ill" in some jurisdictions which, if successful, may result in the defendant being committed to a psychiatric facility for an indeterminate period.

This is a document about R v Bourke
  C. Barry, for the accused (at the request of the court), contended that the accused could not be declared a criminal lunatic, as in that case there must be a special finding of the jury as to his sanity or insanity. Drunkenness could mitigate the punishment. Barry then cited some authority on the question of whether drunkenness was a defence. A verdict of guilty but insane had been held to be equivalent to a verdict of not guilty. The same test which applied to lunacy, Barry argued, should logically, according to the English decisions, also apply to drunkenness. CW de Villiers Attorney-General for the Crown, argued that the jury was not entitled to go into the question of the responsibility of the accused; they must determine only the facts. According to Roman Dutch Law, drunkenness is no defence to a crime; it can only mitigate the punishment. If a person commits a crime when he is dead drunk, in a state of smoor dronkenschap, then not the ordinary punishment, but an extraordinary punishment, can be imposed. The English rule was originally the same as South Africa's. Barry replied.

This is a document about Insanity defense
  defendant was responsible for the acts committed and will be treated in court as a normal defendant. If the person has a mental illness and it is determined that the mental illness interfered with the person's ability to determine right from wrong (and other associated criteria a jurisdiction may have) and if the person is willing to plead guilty or is proven guilty in a court of law, some jurisdictions have an alternative option known as either a Guilty but Mentally Ill (GBMI) or a Guilty but Insane verdict. The GBMI verdict is available as an alternative to, rather than in lieu of, a "not guilty by reason of insanity" verdict. Michigan (1975) was the first state to create a GBMI verdict, after two prisoners released after being found NGRI committed violent crimes within a year of release, one raping two women and the other killing his wife.

This is a document about James Hadfield
  to challenge the insanity test, instead contending that delusion "unaccompanied by frenzy or raving madness [was] the true character of insanity". Two surgeons and a physician testified that the delusions were the consequence of his earlier head injuries. The judge, Lloyd Kenyon, 1st Baron Kenyon, at this point halted the trial declaring that the verdict "was clearly an acquittal" but "the prisoner, for his own sake, and for the sake of society at large, must not be discharged". Up to that time, defendants acquitted by reason of insanity had faced no certain fate and had often been released back to the safe-keeping of their families. Parliament speedily passed the Criminal Lunatics

This is a document about Insanity defense
  Ford v. Wainwright 477 U.S. 399 (1986), the US Supreme Court upheld the common law rule that the insane cannot be executed. It further stated that a person under the death penalty is entitled to a competency evaluation and to an evidentiary hearing in court on the question of his competency to be executed. In Wainwright v. Greenfield, the Court ruled that it was fundamentally unfair for the prosecutor to comment during the court proceedings on the petitioner's silence invoked as a result of a Miranda warning. The prosecutor had argued that the respondent's silence after receiving Miranda warnings was evidence of his sanity.

This is a document about Criminal Lunatics Act 1800
  summoned for discharge due to a lack of prosecution. The procedure for dealing with these people read as follows: "If [the jury] shall find that such person was insane at the time of the committing such offence, the court before whom such trial shall be had, shall order such person to be kept in strict custody, in such place and in such manner as to the court shall seem fit, until His Majesty’s pleasure shall be known." In essence, the Criminal Lunatics Act required the detention of someone who had committed a crime in a bout of insanity rather than leaving it to the discretion of the judge and jury.

A defendant's insanity is determined by a judge based on the evidence presented by forensic mental health professionals, such as psychiatrists and psychologists. The judge makes the final decision after considering the experts' opinions.


Question: what is the name of a group of llamas

Answer: herd

This is a document about Llama
 Llama The llama (; ) ("Lama glama") is a domesticated South American camelid, widely used as a meat and pack animal by Andean cultures since the Pre-Columbian era. The height of a full-grown, full-size llama is tall at the top of the head, and can weigh between . At birth, a baby llama (called a "cria") can weigh between . Llamas typically live for 15 to 25 years, with some individuals surviving 30 years or more. They are very social animals and live with other llamas as a herd. The wool produced by a llama is very soft and lanolin-free.

This is a document about Llama
 unusual in a large animal. The gestation period of a llama is 11.5 months (350 days). Dams (female llamas) do not lick off their babies, as they have an attached tongue that does not reach outside of the mouth more than half an inch (). Rather, they will nuzzle and hum to their newborns. A cria (from Spanish for "baby") is the name for a baby llama, alpaca, vicuña, or guanaco. Crias are typically born with all the females of the herd gathering around, in an attempt to protect against the male llamas and potential predators. Llamas give birth standing.

This is a document about Llama
 kicking and neck wrestling. When correctly reared, llamas spitting at a human is a rare thing. Llamas are very social herd animals, however, and do sometimes spit at each other as a way of disciplining lower-ranked llamas in the herd. A llama's social rank in a herd is never static. They can always move up or down in the social ladder by picking small fights. This is usually done between males to see which will become dominant. Their fights are visually dramatic, with spitting, ramming each other with their chests, neck wrestling and kicking, mainly to knock the other off

This is a document about Llama
   Lamoids, or llamas (as they are more generally known as a group), consist of the vicuña (Vicugna vicugna, prev. Lama vicugna), guanaco (Lama guanicoe), Suri alpaca, and Huacaya alpaca (Vicugna pacos, prev. Lama guanicoe pacos), and the domestic llama (Lama glama). Guanacos and vicuñas live in the wild, while llamas and alpacas exist only as domesticated animals. Although early writers compared llamas to sheep, their similarity to the camel was soon recognized. They were included in the genus Camelus along with alpaca in the Systema Naturae (1758) of Carl Linnaeus. They were, however, separated by Georges Cuvier in 1800 under the

This is a document about Llama
  The llama (Lama glama) is a domesticated South American camelid, widely used as a meat and pack animal by Andean cultures since the Pre-Columbian era. Llamas are social animals and live with others as a herd. Their wool is soft and contains only a small amount of lanolin. Llamas can learn simple tasks after a few repetitions. When using a pack, they can carry about 25 to 30% of their body weight for 8 to 13 km (5–8 miles). The name llama (in the past also spelled "lama" or "glama") was adopted by European settlers from native Peruvians. The ancestors of llamas are thought to have originated from the Great Plains of North America about 40

This is a document about Lama (genus)
  Lama is a genus containing four South American camelids, the wild guanaco and vicuña, and the domesticated llama and alpaca. Before the Spanish conquest of the Americas, llamas and alpacas were the only domesticated ungulates of the continent. They were kept not only for their value as beasts of burden, but also for their flesh, hides, and wool.

This is a document about West Virginia Zoo
 One Llama and Three Goats.jpgan lions ; Bengal tigers (Orange and White) ; leopards (spotted and black) ; bobcats ; chimpanzees ; olive baboons ; grivet monkeys ; capuchin (Black and White) ; Patas monkeys ; Ring-tailed lemurs ; rheas ; West Virginia Zoo.jpgd ; Emu ; Camels (dromedary) ; African pygmy goats ; Miniature donkeys ; Pot-bellied pigs ; rattlesnakes (Diamondback) ; budgerigars ; turtles (Sulcata tortoise) ; Spotted hyena ; Patagonian cavy ; reticulated giraffes ; Llama ; Watusi ; Chapman's zebra ; Scarlet macaw ; Domestic turkey ; Fennec Fox ; Peacock ; Domestic duck ; Wolf ; Domestic rabbit ; Gibbon ; Domestic horse ; Eurasian eagle-owl ; Red kangaroo ; American alligator ; Serval ; Grizzly bear ; African crested porcupines ; Wildebeest ; Wallaby ; Eland ; Nilgai ; scimitar-horned oryx ; Kookaburra ; Coyote ; Prevost's squirrel ; Elk ; Muntjac ; Syrian brown bear ; Sitatunga ; Mallard duck ; Greater kudu ; Fallow deer ; Cotton-top tamarin ; Bactrian camel ; Warthog ; Japanese macaque

This is a document about Llama
  of lama along with the guanaco. DNA analysis has confirmed that the guanaco is the wild ancestor of the llama, while the vicuña is the wild ancestor of the alpaca; the latter two were placed in the genus Vicugna. The genera Lama and Vicugna are, with the two species of true camels, the sole existing representatives of a very distinct section of the Artiodactyla or even-toed ungulates, called Tylopoda, or "bump-footed", from the peculiar bumps on the soles of their feet. The Tylopoda consist of a single family, the Camelidae, and shares the order Artiodactyla with the Suina (pigs), the Tragulina

This is a document about Lamini
  The llama (Lama glama) is the largest of the extant laminoids and weighs 130 – with a height of 109 – at the shoulder. Llamas are not a natural species; rather, they were domesticated by the Peruvians and Bolivians of the highlands. Commercial trade led to the llama's current abundance in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, Paraguay, and northeast Argentina. There are bands of llamas in the United States, Europe, Japan, and New Zealand. The color and length of the llama's wool is variable, depending on the race. The diameter of llama wool's fiber varies between 20 and 80 micrometers, depending on whether the llamas were raised for

This is a document about Llama
  years ago, and subsequently migrated to South America about three million years ago during the Great American Interchange. By the end of the last ice age (10,000–12,000 years ago), camelids were extinct in North America. As of 2007, there were over seven million llamas and alpacas in South America and over 158,000 llamas and 100,000 alpacas, descended from progenitors imported late in the 20th century, in the United States and Canada. In Aymara mythology llamas are important beings. The Heavenly Llama is said to drink water from the ocean and urinates as it rains. According to Aymara eschatology, llamas will return to the water springs and lagoons where they come from at the end of time.

This is a document about List of food origins
 Alpacas ; Armadillo ; Capybara ; Guinea pigs ; Llama ; Rhea (bird)

This is a document about Llama hiking
  Llama hiking, also known as llama trekking or llama caravanning, is an activity where llamas accompany people on hiking and walking trips, including eco-tourism. Expeditions can last from as little as a few hours to several days. For longer trips the llamas often carry up to three days trekking supplies or cargo in purpose-built pack saddles so the people with them can carry as little as a day backpack. Treks are also offered, accompanied by the closely-related alpaca. Llamas have padded feet similar to those of a dog, which lets them easily traverse steep and rocky paths while being more environmentally friendly to the ground than horse hooves. They also can use narrower paths reducing

This is a document about List of legendary creatures by type
 Allocamelus – A donkey-headed camel. ; Heavenly Llama

This is a document about Lama (genus)
  Although they were often compared to sheep by early writers, their affinity to the camel was soon perceived. They were included in the genus Camelus in the Systema Naturae of Linnaeus. In 1800, Cuvier moved the llama, alpaca, and guanaco to the genus Lama, and the vicuña to the genus Vicugna. Later, the alpaca was transferred to Vicugna; both were eventually returned to Lama by the American Society of Mammalogists in 2021. These camelids are, with the two species of true camels, the sole extant representatives of a distinct section of Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates) called Tylopoda, or "hump-footed", from the peculiar bumps on the soles of their feet. This section consists

This is a document about Large Latin American Millimeter Array
  The observatory acronym comes from the Quechuan word llama that designates the South American camelid that lives in the region where the telescope is being installed. There is some confusion with the word array, since LLAMA will consist of a single dish antenna, but the instrument will have VLBI technology and can therefore be part of an antenna array with telescopes of other observatories. Moreover, the LLAMA observatory can be expanded in the future by installing other antennas in different sites. In different official documents the acronym LLAMA may be found expanded as Long Latin American Millimeter Array rather than Large. It is also possible to read Millimetric instead of Millimeter. After some debate, the LLAMA Executive Committee stated that Large Latin American Millimeter Array is the right expansion for the LLAMA acronym. The observatory logo has as symbols the Southern Cross (upper right), a telescope sketch (bottom right), the acronym (upper left) and a llama profile (bottom left). Although it changed with time, these symbols are present since the beginning. The image illustrating this page is the official logo since August 2014.

This is a document about Cuban American National Foundation
  of directors were unaware, including at the time, the board chairman Jorge Mas Santos. With the group established in 1992, the following year brought about more extensive planning, including consideration on what will need to be purchased to carry out their missions. During the 1993 meeting in Puerto Rico, José "Pepe" Hernandez was selected as the group's leader due to his "...known record as a fighter in the 2506 Brigade and the Marines." Llamas admission came with a list of items acquired for carrying out the task of assassination, these included: a cargo helicopter, 10 ultralight radio-controlled planes, seven vessels and explosives. One of those vessels was

This is a document about Palaeolama
  It is inferred, from observations of modern llama, that Palaeolama probably organized into bands (consisting of a single male and multiple females) and troops (consisting exclusively of young males sometimes described as "bachelors"). Typically, band territories are defended by resident males while troops remain more or less free roaming until they form bands of their own.

This is a document about List of English–Spanish interlingual homographs
 1) llama(s) ; 2) puma(s)

This is a document about List of Spanish words of Indigenous American Indian origin
 llama (Quechua) ; lempira ; loro

This is a document about Llama llama
  The Llama llama, also spelled Llamallama or Lama lama, was probably a dance with the characteristics of a farce or a disguise game with acrobatic elements. It is believed that the name of the dance came from the Aymara language, which was the name the Aymara people used to describe the Urus dressed as dancing demons. There are references to this dance in the works of Diego González Holguín and Ludovico Bertonio, Gonzáles Holguín compared this dance with the saynata and the siracusa, with the meaning of a “laughter thing”. Later Bertonio establishes a difference with the other dances, saying that the llama llama or haachuco was the mask or little, Tiny, Short, Stubby, Boring devil. This dance was performed during the Ito festivities by the representatives of the region known as Uruqulla (Urucolla), a sub-region of the south-eastern Qullasuyu located in the lake system of the Department of Oruro between the basins of the lakes Poopó and Coipasa, where the Uru civilization had the city of Oruro as their main social centre, becoming together with Nazca and Wari one of the most ancient cities in the Andean world.


Question: what is the name of the 2017 doctor who christmas special

Answer: Twice Upon a Time

This is a document about Twice Upon a Time (Doctor Who)
 Twice Upon a Time (Doctor Who) "Twice Upon a Time" is an episode of the British science fiction television series "Doctor Who", written by Steven Moffat, directed by Rachel Talalay, and was broadcast as the thirteenth Christmas special on 25 December 2017 on BBC One. It features the final regular appearance of Peter Capaldi as the Twelfth Doctor, the first official appearance of Jodie Whittaker as the Thirteenth Doctor, and guest-stars David Bradley as the First Doctor, having previously portrayed original First Doctor actor William Hartnell in the 2013 docudrama "An Adventure in Space and Time". Pearl Mackie guest stars

This is a document about Polly (Doctor Who)
 created Ben and Polly in 1966. What happens to Polly after her return to Earth is not certain. The Doctor seems to think that Ben will become an Admiral and that Polly will look after Ben, but it is unclear if this is a prediction or simply wishing them well. In "The Sarah Jane Adventures" story "Death of the Doctor" (2010), Sarah Jane mentions that Polly is now working at an orphanage in India with Ben. On 23 July 2017, the first trailer for the 2017 Christmas special episode, "Twice Upon a Time", was shown during the 2017 San Diego

This is a document about Doctor Who
 Together, they form a single lifetime with a single narrative. The time-travelling feature of the plot means that different incarnations of the Doctor occasionally meet. The Doctor is currently portrayed by Jodie Whittaker, who took on the role after Peter Capaldi's exit in the 2017 Christmas special "Twice Upon a Time". "Doctor Who" follows the adventures of the title character, a rogue Time Lord from the planet Gallifrey who goes by the name "the Doctor". The Doctor fled Gallifrey in a stolen TARDIS ("Time and Relative Dimension in Space"), a time machine that travels by materialising into and dematerialising out

This is a document about Bill Potts (Doctor Who)
 to whom all of this stuff is extraordinary, she knows nothing about it". Bill challenges the Doctor in his ways, calling him out on issues that he hasn't faced in a long time, and having a curious mind, she asks him continuous questions. On 23 July 2017, a trailer for the 2017 Christmas special "Twice Upon a Time" was released revealing Mackie's involvement in that episode. On the same day, Mackie officially announced at San Diego Comic-Con that she would not be returning for the eleventh series. Though the character shares a name with William "Bill" Hartnell, who played the

This is a document about Brigadier Lethbridge-Stewart
 is preempted by a lone surviving Cyberman, who seemingly vaporizes her with a forearm-mounted ray-gun. Finding that the Cyberman has rescued Kate, the Doctor realizes it is the converted Brigadier, saying "Of course! Earth's darkest hour, and mine. Where else would you be?" Overcome with emotion, the Doctor salutes him – something Kate said her father had always wanted – and the Brigadier fires his leg jets and flies away. What happens to him afterward is left unknown. In the 2017 Christmas special "Twice Upon a Time", the First and Twelfth Doctors unwittingly intervene when Testimony, an organization in the

This is a document about Regeneration (Doctor Who)
 destroys invading Dalek forces including a ship and the village of Christmas in the process). However, as this regeneration is the first in a new cycle, it initially only "resets" his current body back to its youthful appearance (the Doctor referring to this as the cycle "breaking in"), and the eventual transition to the Twelfth Doctor happens with a flash and the actor suddenly lurching back, standing back up to reveal the new Doctor. In the 2017 Christmas special Twice Upon a Time, the Twelfth Doctor completes his regeneration into the Thirteenth Doctor (played by incumbent actress Jodie Whittaker). The

This is a document about The Doctor (Doctor Who)
 the actors who played the character were deceased. Since the programme's revival, there have been three multi-Doctor stories, the "Children in Need" special "Time Crash", the 50th anniversary special, "The Day of the Doctor", and the 2017 Christmas special "Twice Upon A Time". Before that, the only references to past incarnations (from 1963 to 1996) have been in the aforementioned episode "School Reunion" (in which the Doctor acknowledges having regenerated "half a dozen times" since last seeing Sarah Jane) and in drawings that the Doctor (who has temporarily become human to hide from the Family Of Blood) makes based on

This is a document about Twelfth Doctor
 in the eighth and ninth series, as well as Bill Potts (Pearl Mackie) and Nardole (Matt Lucas), who joined the crew in series ten. The Doctor also made a guest appearance in the "Doctor Who" spin-off series "Class", appearing in the show's first episode. On 30 January 2017, Capaldi announced he would be leaving the programme. He was succeeded by Jodie Whittaker as the Thirteenth Doctor in the 2017 Christmas special "Twice Upon a Time". Matt Smith, who played the Eleventh Doctor, publicly announced his departure from "Doctor Who" on 1 June 2013, triggering extensive media speculation on the subject.

This is a document about Doctor Who (series 11)
 Capaldi departed from his role as the Twelfth Doctor after the tenth series, having played the role for three series. His final appearance was in the 2017 Christmas special, "Twice Upon a Time". Moffat stated in February 2017 that Chibnall tried to persuade the actor to continue into the eleventh series, but despite this, Capaldi still decided to depart. The search for the actor to portray the Thirteenth Doctor, led by Chibnall, began later in 2017, after he completed work on the third series of the ITV series "Broadchurch", for which he is also the head writer and executive producer.

This is a document about David Bradley (English actor)
 in the final episode of the tenth series of "Doctor Who", "The Doctor Falls", Bradley returned to portray the First Doctor, having previously been portrayed by Hartnell, who originally played the character. He reprised this role in the 2017 Christmas special, "Twice Upon a Time". This makes him the third actor to play the role in the television programme, after William Hartnell and Richard Hurndall since the premiere of "Doctor Who" in 1963, and at the age of 75, he is the also the oldest actor to play the role of the Doctor. Bradley serves as the President of Second

This is a document about Regeneration (Doctor Who)
 usually for narrative, rather than casting, reasons. The current incarnation of the Doctor is played by Jodie Whittaker, following the regeneration of the Twelfth Doctor (portrayed by Peter Capaldi) during the 2017 Christmas special "Twice Upon a Time". The concept of regeneration was created in 1966 by the writers of "Doctor Who" as a method of replacing the leading actor. The role of the Doctor had been played by William Hartnell since the programme began in 1963 but, by 1966, it was increasingly apparent that Hartnell's health was deteriorating and he was becoming more difficult to work with. Producer John

This is a document about David Bradley (English actor)
 2014 British Academy Television Awards), and the films "Hot Fuzz", "The World's End" and "". In 2012, he played Solomon in the episode of "Doctor Who" called "Dinosaurs on a Spaceship". In 2013, Bradley portrayed William Hartnell in the "Doctor Who" docudrama "An Adventure in Space and Time". He returned to "Doctor Who" portraying the First Doctor in "The Doctor Falls" and the 2017 Christmas Special "Twice Upon a Time". He also portrayed William Hartnell's First Doctor in a series of audio stories released by Big Finish entitled "" starting in January 2018. Bradley was born in York, where he

This is a document about The Doctor (Doctor Who)
 with recovery following a potentially fatal injury. A number of other actors have played the character in stage and audio plays, as well as in various film and television productions. The Doctor has been well received by the public, with an enduring popularity leading "The Daily Telegraph" to dub the character "Britain's favourite alien". The Doctor has also been featured in films and a vast range of spin-off novels, audio dramas and comic strips. On 25 December 2017, Jodie Whittaker made her first appearance as the Thirteenth Doctor at the end of the 2017 Christmas special "Twice Upon a Time".

This is a document about The Woman Who Fell to Earth
 the Twelfth Doctor after the tenth series, having played the role for three series. His final appearance was in the 2017 Christmas special, "Twice Upon a Time". Moffat stated in February 2017 that Chibnall tried to persuade the actor to continue into the eleventh series, but despite this, Capaldi still decided to depart. The search for the actor to portray the Thirteenth Doctor, led by Chibnall, began later in 2017, after he completed work on the third series of the ITV series "Broadchurch", for which he is also the head writer and executive producer. Chibnall had the final say on

This is a document about First Doctor
 the latter resists his oncoming regeneration. This scene was followed up in the 2017 Christmas special, "Twice Upon a Time". Bradley had previously portrayed William Hartnell in "An Adventure in Space and Time", a 2013 docudrama depicting the creation of "Doctor Who". He reprised the role of the First Doctor for a series of audio stories released by Big Finish, titled "", starting in January 2018; in "The Destination Wars", the Doctor encounters an early incarnation of the Master who has created a state of war on the planet Destination to provoke a level of technological development that will allow

This is a document about Twice Upon a Time (Doctor Who)
 Time" in June 2017. Production for "Twice Upon a Time" started on 12 June 2017, and concluded on 10 July 2017. However, the final scene of the episode, in which Whittaker makes her debut as the Doctor, was not filmed until 19 July. The episode had been reportedly titled "The Doctors", before it was announced at the 2017 San Diego Comic-Con that it would officially be titled "Twice Upon a Time". The episode was watched by 5.70 million viewers overnight, making it the second lowest overnight viewership for a Christmas special, but was the fifth most watched programme of the

This is a document about Ben Jackson (Doctor Who)
 India "running an orphanage there." Ben also appeared in the 2017 "Doctor Who" Christmas special "Twice Upon a Time", portrayed by Jared Garfield, alongside Lily Travers as Polly. The episode's plot involves the events of "The Tenth Planet". In the spin off short story "Mondas Passing" by Paul Grice (in the anthology "Short Trips") which takes place in 1986, it is revealed that Ben and Polly have gone their separate ways and married other people. Ben meets a divorced Polly again with the help of the Second Doctor in 1999 ("That Time I Nearly Destroyed The World Whilst Looking For

This is a document about Doctor Who (series 10)
 tenth series would be his last. On 6 April 2017, the BBC announced that John Simm would be returning in his role as the Master alongside Gomez. David Bradley made a cameo appearance as the First Doctor at the end of the series finale, "The Doctor Falls", which led into the 2017 Christmas special, "Twice Upon a Time". In July 2015, the annual review for BBC Worldwide indicated that it had invested in a tenth series of the programme. It was announced in January 2016 that Series 10 would be Steven Moffat's final series as showrunner, after which he will

This is a document about Thirteenth Doctor
 that the portrayer of the Thirteenth Doctor would be revealed after the 2017 Wimbledon Championships men's finals on 16 July 2017. Immediately after the announcement, "Death in Paradise" actor Kris Marshall was the bookmakers' favourite at 4/6, although twenty-four hours later, Jodie Whittaker, notable for her role as Beth Latimer in Chibnall's crime drama "Broadchurch", had become the favourite at 5/4. Whittaker was introduced as the Thirteenth Doctor on 16 July and subsequently made her debut in the 2017 Christmas special "Twice Upon a Time". On Whittaker's casting, Chibnall said, "I always knew I wanted the Thirteenth Doctor to be


Question: who plays richard webber on grey 's anatomy

Answer: James Pickens Jr.

This is a document about James Pickens Jr
 James Pickens Jr. James Pickens Jr. (born October 26, 1954) is an American actor. He is best known for his starring role as Dr. Richard Webber on the ABC medical drama television series "Grey's Anatomy", and for his supporting role as Deputy Director Alvin Kersh on later seasons of the Fox Network science fiction series "The X-Files". Pickens was born in Cleveland, Ohio. He began acting while a student at Bowling Green State University. His first acting role was in a campus production of "Matters of Choice" by Chuck Gordone. Pickens earned his Bachelor of Fine Arts degree from BGSU

This is a document about Only Mama Knows (Grey's Anatomy)
 Only Mama Knows (Grey's Anatomy) "Only Mama Knows" is the fourth episode of the eleventh season of the American television medical drama "Grey's Anatomy", and is the 224th episode overall. It aired on October 16, 2014 on ABC in the United States. The episode was written by Mark Driscoll and directed by Nicole Rubio. The episode focuses on the show's protagonist Meredith Grey's (Ellen Pompeo) past and troubled childhood and her relationship with her mother world-renowned surgeon Ellis Grey (Kate Burton) and Richard Webber (James Pickens Jr.) while she struggles in her marriage with Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey). On its

This is a document about Sledgehammer (Grey's Anatomy)
 and Dr. April Kepner deal with their relationship problems with all the doctors trying to help two young girls who tried to commit suicide by jumping in front of a train after being bullied for being in love. "Sledgehammer" picks up the events occurring three months after Dr. Richard Webber (James Pickens Jr.) and Dr. Catherine Avery's (Debbie Allen) wedding. Dr. Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo) finds herself moving back into her old house and adjusting to life with her sister-in-law Dr. Amelia Shepherd (Caterina Scorsone) and half-sister Dr. Maggie Pierce (Kelly McCreary). Meredith awakes to a banging sound, to find

This is a document about Fear (Of the Unknown) (Grey's Anatomy)
 Kepner (Sarah Drew) is nervous about raising her own child with Jackson Avery (Jesse Williams). Miranda Bailey (Chandra Wilson) is nominated for a position at Board to replace Cristina who instead left the seat for Alex Karev (Justin Chambers). Also, Leah Murphy (Tessa Ferrer) is fired from her job and Shane Ross (Gaius Charles) and Richard Webber (James Pickens Jr.) meets with Maggie Pierce (Kelly McCreary), and finds out that her birth mother was Ellis Grey. This episode marks the final appearance of Sandra Oh as Cristina Yang and Gaius Charles as Shane Ross. It is also the final appearance

This is a document about Now or Never (Grey's Anatomy)
 an accident during the episode and dies in the season 6 premier. In the episode Cristina Yang (Sandra Oh), Alex Karev (Justin Chambers), George O'Malley (T.R. Knight), and Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo) are all sleeping and waiting for Izzie Stevens (Katherine Heigl) to wake up after the surgery. Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey) comes up with an alternative treatment plan for Izzie, Miranda Bailey (Chandra Wilson) confronts Chief's Richard Webber (James Pickens Jr.) and Arizona Robbins (Jessica Capshaw), about the peds fellowship program. Yang deals with her relationship with Owen Hunt (Kevin McKidd) who helps George with career advice. The episode

This is a document about Maggie Pierce
 a void that Meredith needs filled in order to function. Can you really imagine Grey’s without Maggie Pierce?" Maggie Pierce Margaret "Maggie" Pierce, M.D. is a fictional character from the American television medical drama "Grey's Anatomy", which airs on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States. The character was created by series producer Shonda Rhimes and is portrayed by actress Kelly McCreary from the tenth season's penultimate episode onwards. It is revealed in the season ten finale, Maggie's biological parents are Richard Webber (James Pickens Jr.) and Ellis Grey (Kate Burton), making her Meredith's half-sister. McCreary was upgraded

This is a document about Maggie Pierce
 Maggie Pierce Margaret "Maggie" Pierce, M.D. is a fictional character from the American television medical drama "Grey's Anatomy", which airs on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States. The character was created by series producer Shonda Rhimes and is portrayed by actress Kelly McCreary from the tenth season's penultimate episode onwards. It is revealed in the season ten finale, Maggie's biological parents are Richard Webber (James Pickens Jr.) and Ellis Grey (Kate Burton), making her Meredith's half-sister. McCreary was upgraded to a series regular in the eleventh episode of the eleventh season. Pierce has been described as "perky"

This is a document about Meredith Grey
 Cristina remains deeply traumatized. Meredith covers for and supports her friend through her dark time, but is ultimately unable to fully help her return to surgery. Meredith decides to actively try to become pregnant, but learns that she has a "hostile uterus", which leads her to consider her other possible genetic flaws. Derek, who is constantly worried about the possibility that she will develop Alzheimer's, initiates a clinical trial hoping to cure the disease. Meredith opts to work on the trial and appears to be leaning towards a neuro specialty. When the chief of surgery, Richard Webber (James Pickens Jr.)'s

This is a document about Grey's Anatomy
 (Alex Karev), Kelly McCreary (Maggie Pierce), Kevin McKidd (Owen Hunt) and James Pickens Jr. (Richard Webber). The six episodes in this series were written by Barbra Kaye Friend with "Grey's Anatomy" series regular Sarah Drew (April Kepner) making her directorial debut directing each of them. "Grey's Anatomy" episodes appear regularly on ABC in the United States. All episodes are approximately forty-three minutes, and are broadcast in both high-definition and standard. The series' episodes are also available for download at the iTunes Store in standard and high-definition qualities, and Amazon Video. ABC Video on demand also releases recent episodes of the

This is a document about Beautiful Doom
 lives. In the episode Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo) relives the memories of her half-sister Lexie Grey (Chyler Leigh) who died in the season eight finale plane crash when a patient with similar crush injuries comes into the hospital. The episode also focuses on Cristina Yang (Sandra Oh) who deals with the death of her Minnesota mentor Dr. Craig Thomas (William Daniels) in the middle of surgery. Meredith in spite of opposition from Richard Webber (James Pickens Jr.) tries to treat the crash victim while dealing with her personal feelings relating Lexie. She also juggles her daughter Zola at the hospital

This is a document about Grey's Anatomy
 character was first described as a tiny blonde with curly hair, but when Wilson began speaking, Rhimes reported: "[Wilson] is exactly who Miranda is." James Pickens Jr. was selected to appear as Dr. Richard Webber in the series' pilot and first season. Katherine Heigl wanted to portray Dr. Izzie Stevens as a brunette, but was requested to retain her natural blonde for the part. Isaiah Washington, who portrayed Dr. Preston Burke, initially read for the role of Shepherd, but was cast as Burke, because the original actor to play Burke had to withdraw. T. R. Knight signed on for the

This is a document about Grey's Anatomy (season 13)
 after previously renewing them at the end of the tenth season of "Grey's Anatomy". Ellen Pompeo and Patrick Dempsey renewed their contracts for another two seasons (seasons 11 and 12) on January 23, 2014, but Dempsey later left the series at the end of the eleventh season. The rest of the six original cast mates, Justin Chambers, Chandra Wilson and James Pickens Jr., excluding Sandra Oh, renewed their contracts on May 26, 2014, as Drs. Alex Karev, Miranda Bailey, and Richard Webber, respectively, for the eleventh and twelfth season. Sara Ramirez also renewed her contract for another two seasons as

This is a document about Time Stops
 Time Stops "Time Stops" is the 24th episode of the eleventh season of the American television medical drama "Grey's Anatomy", and the 244th episode overall. It aired on May 7, 2015 on ABC in the United States. The episode was written by Meg Marinis and directed by Kevin McKidd. On its initial airing it was watched by 7.74 million viewers. In the episode a fresh batch of surgical interns join the hospital's internship program. It's the wedding day of Richard Webber (James Pickens Jr.) and Catherine Avery. Owen Hunt (Kevin McKidd) declares that he’s been Chief long enough. Richard recommends

This is a document about Meredith Grey
 (T.R. Knight), Izzie Stevens (Katherine Heigl), Cristina Yang (Sandra Oh) and Alex Karev (Justin Chambers). She is particularly close with Cristina Yang, who becomes her best friend and "person". Though she initially thinks poorly of him, Alex Karev also evolves into Meredith's "person" and the two assume a sibling-esque familial relationship. Meredith has a conflicted relationship with Richard Webber (James Pickens Jr.), the Chief of Surgery at Seattle Grace. Richard was very close to Ellis when Meredith was a child. Because of his relationship with Meredith's mother, he tends to save, mentor and make exceptions for her. Meredith has a

This is a document about Richard Webber
  Richard Webber, M.D., Ph.D. is a fictional character from the ABC medical drama television series Grey's Anatomy. The character was created by Shonda Rhimes and is portrayed by actor James Pickens Jr. since the start of the show in 2005. At the beginning of the show, he is the Chief of Surgery at Seattle Grace Mercy West Hospital for 12 years. In season 6, he has to resign his position as chief and is briefly replaced by Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey). Webber takes his position back as chief in season 7 but eventually resigns again in season 8 in order to protect Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo). He goes back to being

This is a document about George O'Malley
  his wife. However, he is ineligible to transfer after failing the intern exams. O'Malley decides to repeat his intern year, and confesses to Torres that he slept with Stevens, leading the two to separate. O'Malley and Stevens embark on a short-lived relationship, only to discover there is no real chemistry between them. O'Malley moves in with new intern Lexie Grey (Chyler Leigh), Meredith's half-sister. Lexie and O'Malley discover that he failed his exam by only a single point, leading him to confront Richard Webber (James Pickens Jr.), the chief of surgery, to ask for a chance to retake the

This is a document about Preston Burke
  that I would only do it if I didn't have to be like that guy on that other medical show who was always struggling with his anger." Shonda Rhimes noted Washington's commitment to his role, revealing that he learns all his surgeries before he performs them on television. "I think if he stopped at an accident on the street, he'd know exactly what to do. He has pulled shifts at hospitals where he follows the surgeons around for 48 hours". At the beginning of the series, Burke is one of the three African American characters, along with Miranda Bailey (Chandra Wilson) and Richard Webber (James Pickens, Jr.).

This is a document about James Pickens Jr.
  James Pickens Jr. (born October 26, 1954) is an American actor. He is best known for his starring role as Dr. Richard Webber on the ABC medical drama television series Grey's Anatomy, and for his supporting role as Deputy Director Alvin Kersh on later seasons of the Fox Network science fiction series The X-Files.

This is a document about Grey's Anatomy
  senior resident, who works with attending physicians Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey), head of neurosurgery and Meredith's love-interest, and Preston Burke (Isaiah Washington), head of cardiothoracic surgery, who becomes Yang's fiancé. Richard Webber (James Pickens Jr.), Chief of Surgery and attending general surgeon, is the former lover of Ellis Grey. During the first 6 seasons, Burke, O'Malley, and Stevens all depart the series. The series also shows drama and emotions focused on Meredith's life. In addition to Webber, Burke, and Shepherd, the surgical wing is primarily supervised by Addison Montgomery (Kate Walsh), Shepherd's ex-wife and the head of OB/GYN, neonatal and fetal surgery who

James Pickens Jr. plays the role of Richard Webber on Grey's Anatomy.


Question: when was save the world released on pc

Answer: 2017

This is a document about Fortnite
 Gamer", and for "Best Spectator Game" by IGN. Fortnite Fortnite is an online video game first released in 2017 and developed by Epic Games. It is available as separate software packages having different game modes that otherwise share the same general gameplay and game engine. The game modes include "", a cooperative shooter-survival game for up to four players to fight off zombie-like creatures and defend objects with fortifications they can build, "Fortnite Battle Royale", a free-to-play battle royale game where up to 100 players fight to be the last person standing and "Fortnite: Creative", where players are given complete

This is a document about Fortnite: Save the World
 Fortnite: Save the World Fortnite: Save the World is a co-op third-person shooter survival video game developed and published by Epic Games. The game was released as a paid-for early access title for Microsoft Windows, macOS, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One on July 25, 2017, with a full free-to-play release expected sometime in 2019. The retail versions of the game were published by Gearbox Software, while online distribution of the PC versions is handled by Epic's launcher. "Fortnite" is set in contemporary Earth, where the sudden appearance of a worldwide storm causes 98% of the world's population to disappear, and

This is a document about The Sims
 at official Facebook page. Several updates for the game have been released. Released for Android and iPhone smartphones, "The Sims Mobile" was announced on May 9, 2017 in a launch trailer, and was released on March 6, 2018. It features a combination of multiplayer and story mode elements to give the player an experience more like that of the PC versions. The success of "The Sims" resulted in Guinness World Records awarding the series five world records in the "Guinness World Records: Gamer's Edition 2008". These records include "World's Biggest-Selling Simulation Series" and "Best Selling PC Game of All Time"

This is a document about Grumpyface Studios
 the game. "Attack the Light!" is the first game based on the "Steven Universe" animated television series to feature an original story co-written by Rebecca Sugar and Ian Jones-Quartey. It is a role-playing game released for mobile devices in 2015. It is the seventh game developed by Grumpyface Studios for Cartoon Network. "Save the Light" is a direct sequel to "Attack the Light!", released on October 31, 2017 on PlayStation 4 and November 3, 2017 for Xbox One, its the first game of company released on consoles , it was released for PC on August 13, 2018 and for Nintendo

This is a document about Final Fantasy VI
 Japan. On December 22, 2015, Square Enix released the Game Boy Advance version on the Wii U Virtual Console in Japan. Nintendo re-released "Final Fantasy VI" worldwide in September 2017 as part of the company's Super NES/Super Famicom Classic Edition . Ports of "Final Fantasy VI" for Android and iOS mobile operating systems were announced in 2013. The mobile-optimized versions of the game were released on Android on January 15, 2014, and iOS on February 6, 2014 with mobile-adapted controls and save features, but redrawn, slightly blurry graphics. A Windows PC port, itself a port of the Android version, was

This is a document about Nier: Automata
 was potential piracy, which was expected to delay its release. When handling this problem, the teams considered using Denuvo digital rights management. The PC version was released on March 17, 2017. A fan patch fixed two major problems of the PC version, an error in the resolution setting and general performance problems even with beyond requirements hardware. During the initial launch, the game was region locked to certain parts of the world, mainly from countries located in Asia. The official Japanese Twitter account for the game issued a tweet that it would be available in these countries in April. The

This is a document about Fire Pro Wrestling
 online multiplayer gameplay on the PC via Steam and the PlayStation 4 console. Fire Pro Wrestling World was released to Early Access on Steam for the PC platform on July 10, 2017, and left Early Access, to a full release, on December 18, 2017. On June 30, 2018, Spike Chunsoft would debut a commercial featuring wrestlers Kenny Omega and Kota Ibushi, announcing that the game would be released in North America for PS4 on August 28, 2018 and that they had come to terms on official licensing with New Japan Pro-Wrestling, making Fire Pro Wrestling World the first title in

This is a document about XCOM 2
 19, 2017, Pavonis Interactive launched Long War 2 for XCOM. When developing the game's art, the team took inspirations from movies like "Elysium", "Oblivion" and "Blade Runner". When designing the game's weapons, characters and environment, the team looked at some science fiction-themed video games. Unlike "Enemy Unknown", which was released on PC and consoles, then later on mobile devices, "XCOM 2" was initially a PC-exclusive video game solely distributed through Steam. Firaxis Games stated the reason behind the decision was the company's experience in developing PC games. Moreover, Firaxis believed that making "XCOM 2" a PC-only title would allow them

This is a document about Fortnite: Save the World
  Fortnite: Save the World is a cooperative hybrid-third-person shooter tower defense survival video game developed and published by Epic Games. The game was released as a paid-for early access title for Microsoft Windows, macOS, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One on July 25, 2017, with plans for a full free-to-play release announced in late 2018. Epic eventually opted to move the game to pay-to-play in June 2020. The retail versions of the game were published by Gearbox Software, while online distribution of the PC versions is handled by Epic's launcher. Fortnite is set on contemporary Earth, where the sudden appearance of a worldwide storm causes 98% of the world's population to disappear, and zombie-like creatures rise to attack the remainder. Considered by Epic as a cross between Minecraft and Left 4

This is a document about Zeboyd Games
  Saves the World: Super Hyper Enhanced Championship Edition Alpha Diamond DX Plus Alpha FES HD - Premium Enhanced Game of the Year Collector's Edition (without Avatars!)". The PC version was released on July 13, 2011 together with Breath of Death VII on Valve's Steam service. The Steam version was a financial success, making more revenue in its first week of release than in a year and a half on the Xbox 360. By November 21, 2011, the "Zeboyd Games Combo Pack" (Cthulhu Saves the World & Breath of Death VII) had sold over 100,000 copies on Steam in less than four months after release.

This is a document about Göran Edman
 Save the World (2002)

This is a document about Fortnite Battle Royale
  time, which had connected to the overall concept of a multiverse that is part of this narrative. Incorporating the narrative elements had led the development team to plan out new ways to include them, such as the single-time events across all servers, or specialized single-player missions. On June 29, 2020, Epic announced that they considered Save the World to no longer be in early access, and as a companion move, eliminated the early access labels from both Battle Royale and Creative modes. With the launch of Chapter 3 on December 5, 2021, Epic brought the game to use Unreal Engine 5.

This is a document about Sam & Max Save the World
  contributed to the remastering effort, including locating original assets that could not be retrieved from Telltale's archives. The Remastered release runs on the most recent version of the Telltale Tool and features updated character models and lighting, controller support, and new music by original composer Jared Emerson-Johnson. Other changes made include updated cutscene cinematography and re-recorded dialogue for Bosco, with Ogie Banks replacing previous actor Joey Camen. Save the World Remastered was released on Nintendo Switch and Windows on December 2, 2020, and on Xbox One on August 10, 2021. The original Save the World episodes were later released as free downloadable content for the Steam version of Remastered in February 2021. Following Save the World, Skunkape began work on remasters for the other Telltale Sam & Max games, with Beyond Time and Space scheduled for release in December 2021 and The Devil's Playhouse currently in development.

This is a document about Start the Party!
  A sequel, titled 'Start the Party! Save the World', was released for retail in Australia on November 24, 2011, and in Europe the next day; and as a downloadable game for PlayStation 3 through PlayStation Network on March 6, 2012. In the game, the player (and up to three other players) is cast as a superhero, tasked with saving the world.

This is a document about Nobody Saves the World
  Nobody Saves the World is an upcoming action role-playing dungeon crawling video game developed and published by DrinkBox Studios. The game is set to be released in early 2022 for Windows, Xbox One and Xbox Series X and Series S.

This is a document about Sam & Max Save the World
  Sam & Max Save the World is a graphic adventure video game developed by Telltale Games. The game was originally released as Sam & Max: Season One before being renamed in early 2009. Save the World was developed in episodic fashion, comprising six episodes that were released for Microsoft Windows over the course of late 2006 and early 2007. The episodes were initially distributed online by GameTap and Telltale Games themselves, although the later retail releases of the game were published by The Adventure Company and JoWooD Productions in North America and Europe respectively. A Wii port of the game was published in late 2008, and an Xbox Live Arcade version was released in mid-2009. A remaster of the

This is a document about Open world
  gaming industry for the preceding decade. Another popular open-world sandbox game is Minecraft, which has since become the best-selling video game of all time, selling over 238 million copies worldwide on multiple platforms by April 2021. Minecrafts procedurally generated overworlds cover a virtual 3.6 billion square kilometers. The Outerra Engine is a world rendering engine in development since 2008 that is capable of seamlessly rendering whole planets from space down to ground level. Anteworld is a world-building game and free tech-demo of the Outerra Engine that builds upon real-world data to render planet Earth realistically on a true-to-life scale. No Man's Sky, released in 2016, is an open-world game set in

This is a document about Left 4 Dead
  Left 4 Dead went gold on November 13, 2008, and was released on November 18, 2008, in North America; and on November 21, 2008, in Europe to coincide with the tenth anniversary of the release of Half-Life. Valve released a server patch in December 2008 to stop players on Xbox Live from using PC-style cheats. A spokesman from Valve said, "The fix is designed to halt the cheating behavior on the dedicated servers, which accounts for the majority of the co-op and versus modes of play."

This is a document about SteamWorld Dig
  2013, North America on 8 August 2013, and Japan on 20 November 2013. Later, SteamWorld Dig was released on 5 December 2013 for Microsoft Windows, Mac, and Linux on Steam, on 18 March 2014 in North America and on 19 March 2014 in Europe for PlayStation 4 and PlayStation Vita, on 28 August 2014 for Wii U, on 5 June 2015 for Xbox One, and on 1 February 2018 for Nintendo Switch. A successor, SteamWorld Heist, was released in December 2015. A sequel, SteamWorld Dig 2, was released in September 2017. It was released on Google's cloud gaming service Stadia on March 10, 2020.

This is a document about Fortnite
  The Save the World mode achieved over one million players by August 2017, just prior to the release of Battle Royale. Fortnite Battle Royale became a significant financial success for Epic Games, leading them to separate the teams between Save the World and Battle Royale to provide better support for both modes. Within two weeks of release, over 10 million players had played the mode, and by June 2018, just after the Nintendo Switch release, had reached 125 million players. Revenue from Fortnite Battle Royale during the first half of 2018 had been estimated in the hundreds of millions of dollars per month,

The exact release date for "Fortnite: Save the World" on PC is not provided in the text. However, it mentions that the full free-to-play release is expected sometime in 2019.


Question: phenothiazines such as chlorpromazine were the first type of

Answer: antipsychotic

This is a document about Chlorpromazine
 health system. Its introduction has been labeled as one of the great advances in the history of psychiatry. It is available as a generic medication. The wholesale cost in the developing world is between US$0.02 and US$0.12 per day. In the United States it costs about US$2 per day. Chlorpromazine is classified as a low-potency typical antipsychotic and in the past was used in the treatment of both acute and chronic psychoses, including schizophrenia and the manic phase of bipolar disorder, as well as amphetamine-induced psychosis. Low-potency antipsychotics have more anticholinergic side effects, such as dry mouth, sedation, and constipation,

This is a document about Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
 been stable for a period of time on antipsychotics, especially in situations where the dose has not been changed and there are no issues of noncompliance or consumption of psychoactive substances known to worsen psychosis. NMS is usually caused by antipsychotic drug use, and a wide range of drugs can result in NMS. Individuals using butyrophenones (such as haloperidol and droperidol) or phenothiazines (such as promethazine and chlorpromazine) are reported to be at greatest risk. However, various atypical antipsychotics such as clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, quetiapine, and ziprasidone have also been implicated in cases. NMS may also occur in people taking

This is a document about Typical antipsychotic
 Typical antipsychotic Typical antipsychotics are a class of antipsychotic drugs first developed in the 1950s and used to treat psychosis (in particular, schizophrenia). Typical antipsychotics may also be used for the treatment of acute mania, agitation, and other conditions. The first typical antipsychotics to come into medical use were the phenothiazines, namely chlorpromazine which was discovered serendipitously. Another prominent grouping of antipsychotics are the butyrophenones, an example of which would be haloperidol. The newer, second-generation antipsychotics, also known as atypical antipsychotics, have replaced the typical antipsychotics due to the Parkinson-like side effects typicals have. Both generations of medication tend to

This is a document about Dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia
 the nigrostriatal system demonstrating a dopaminergic dysregulation. A group of drugs called the phenothiazines, including antipsychotics such as chlorpromazine, has been found to antagonize dopamine binding (particularly at receptors known as D dopamine receptors) and reduce positive psychotic symptoms. This observation was subsequently extended to other antipsychotic drug classes, such as butyrophenones including haloperidol. The link was strengthened by experiments in the 1970s which suggested that the binding affinity of antipsychotic drugs for D dopamine receptors seemed to be inversely proportional to their therapeutic dose. This correlation, suggesting that receptor binding is causally related to therapeutic potency, was reported by

This is a document about Psychopharmacology revolution
 of atypicals such as clozapine and risperidone, blockade of 5HT2A receptors are thought to also account for an important part of their pharmacology. Minor chemical manipulations in the chemical structure of chlorpromazine was used to create novel antipsychotic agents such as thioridazine and fluoperazine. Minor chemical manipulations in the structure of chlorpromazine led to the first tricyclic antidepressant (TCA), imipramine (Tofranil), whose structure is iminodibenzyl (dibenzazepine) based. Imipramine was first used on agitated psychotic patients, but it was shown that in the majority of cases their condition did not improve and actually worsened slightly. However, it was noted that a

This is a document about Chlorpromazine
 interact with chlorpromazine to produce transient metabolic encephalopathy. Other drugs that prolong the QT interval such as quinidine, verapamil, amiodarone, sotalol and methadone may also interact with chlorpromazine to produce additive QT interval prolongation. The British National Formulary recommends a gradual withdrawal when discontinuing antipsychotic treatment to avoid acute withdrawal syndrome or rapid relapse. While withdrawal symptoms can occur, there is no evidence that tolerance develops to the drug's antipsychotic effects. A person can be maintained for years on a therapeutically effective dose without any decrease in effectiveness being reported. Tolerance appears to develop to the sedating effects of chlorpromazine

This is a document about Chlorpromazine
 by the European Medicines Agency. Chlorpromazine has tentative benefit in animals infected with "Naegleria fowleri". Chlorpromazine Chlorpromazine (CPZ), marketed under the trade names Thorazine and Largactil among others, is an antipsychotic medication. It is primarily used to treat psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia. Other uses include the treatment of bipolar disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, nausea and vomiting, anxiety before surgery, and hiccups that do not improve following other measures. It can be given by mouth, by injection into a muscle, or into a vein. Common side effects include movement problems, sleepiness, dry mouth, low blood pressure upon standing, and

This is a document about Phenothiazine
 and their activity was a pioneering example of medicinal chemistry; phenothiazine is often discussed as a prototypical example of a pharmaceutical lead structure. The term "phenothiazines" describes the largest of the five main classes of antipsychotic drugs. These drugs have antipsychotic and, often, antiemetic properties, although they may also cause severe side effects such as extrapyramidal symptoms (including akathisia and tardive dyskinesia), hyperprolactinaemia, and the rare but potentially fatal neuroleptic malignant syndrome, as well as substantial weight gain. Use of phenothiazines has been associated with antiphospholipid syndrome, but no causal relationship has been established. Phenothiazine antipsychotics are classified into three

This is a document about Pierre Deniker
 Pierre Deniker Pierre Deniker (16 February 1917 in Paris – 17 August 1998) was involved, jointly with Jean Delay and J. M. Harl, in the introduction of chlorpromazine (Thorazine), the first antipsychotic used in the treatment of schizophrenia, in the 1950s. Thorazine had been used in surgical procedures peri-operatively as an anti-nausea medication in France. Patients were noted to be less anxious and calmer. This observation eventually led Deniker to try chlorpromazine with patients who had schizophrenia, where he observed notable improvement in symptoms. The pharmaceutical company Smith-Kline had purchased the chlorpromazine rights from Rhone-Poulenc in France and had been

This is a document about Chlorpromazine
 Chlorpromazine Chlorpromazine (CPZ), marketed under the trade names Thorazine and Largactil among others, is an antipsychotic medication. It is primarily used to treat psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia. Other uses include the treatment of bipolar disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, nausea and vomiting, anxiety before surgery, and hiccups that do not improve following other measures. It can be given by mouth, by injection into a muscle, or into a vein. Common side effects include movement problems, sleepiness, dry mouth, low blood pressure upon standing, and increased weight. Serious side effects may include the potentially permanent movement disorder tardive dyskinesia, neuroleptic

This is a document about Chlorpromazine
 when it is first administered. Tolerance also appears to develop to the extrapyramidal, parkinsonian and other neuroleptic effects, although this is debatable. A failure to notice withdrawal symptoms may be due to the relatively long half life of the drug resulting in the extremely slow excretion from the body. However, there are reports of muscular discomfort, exaggeration of psychotic symptoms and movement disorders, and difficulty sleeping when the antipsychotic drug is suddenly withdrawn, but after years of normal doses these effects are not normally seen. Chlorpromazine is a very effective antagonist of D2 dopamine receptors and similar receptors, such as

This is a document about Tricyclic antidepressant
 secondary amines due to sharing more in common with them. The TCAs were developed amid the "explosive birth" of psychopharmacology in the early 1950s. The story begins with the synthesis of chlorpromazine in December 1950 by Rhône-Poulenc's chief chemist, Paul Charpentier, from synthetic antihistamines developed by Rhône-Poulenc in the 1940s. Its psychiatric effects were first noticed at a hospital in Paris in 1952. The first widely used psychiatric drug, by 1955 it was already generating significant revenue as an antipsychotic. Research chemists quickly began to explore other derivatives of chlorpromazine. The first TCA reported for the treatment of depression was

This is a document about Chlorpromazine
 on antipsychotic drugs on glutamate receptors. By using the technique of functional neurochemical assay chlorpromazine and phenothiazine derivatives have been shown to have inhibitory effects on NMDA receptors that appeared to be mediated by action at the Zn site. It was found that there is an increase of NMDA activity at low concentrations and suppression at high concentrations of the drug. No significant difference in glutamate and glycine activity from the effects of chlorpromazine were reported. Further work will be necessary to determine if the influence in NMDA receptors by antipsychotic drugs contributes to their effectiveness. Chlorpromazine does also act

This is a document about Chlorpromazine
 malignant syndrome, and low white blood cell levels. In older people with psychosis as a result of dementia it may increase the risk of death. It is unclear if it is safe for use in pregnancy. Chlorpromazine is in the typical antipsychotic class. Its mechanism of action is not entirely clear but believed to be related to its ability as a dopamine antagonist. It also has anti-serotonergic and antihistaminergic properties. Chlorpromazine was discovered in 1950 and was the first antipsychotic. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a

This is a document about Biological psychopathology
 investigations relevant to biological bases such as biochemical, genetic, physiological, neurological, and anatomical fields. In a clinical viewpoint, the etiology of these diseases takes into account various therapies, diet, drugs, potential environmental contaminants, exercise, and adverse effects of life stressors, all of which can cause noticeable biochemical changes. Sigmund Freud initially concentrated on the biological causes of mental illness and its relationship to evident behavioral factors. His belief in biological factors lead to the concept that certain drugs, such as cocaine, had an antidepressant functionality. In the 1950s the first modern antipsychotic and antidepressant drugs were developed: chlorpromazine (Thorazine), which

This is a document about Pierre Deniker
 marketing it as an anti-nausea medication. After Deniker's observations, they sought and received FDA approval in 1954 to market Thorazine for the treatment of schizophrenia. Pierre Deniker Pierre Deniker (16 February 1917 in Paris – 17 August 1998) was involved, jointly with Jean Delay and J. M. Harl, in the introduction of chlorpromazine (Thorazine), the first antipsychotic used in the treatment of schizophrenia, in the 1950s. Thorazine had been used in surgical procedures peri-operatively as an anti-nausea medication in France. Patients were noted to be less anxious and calmer. This observation eventually led Deniker to try chlorpromazine with patients who

This is a document about Pharmacological torture
 representing 13 clients who allege they were forcibly injected with the drugs. In the former Soviet Union, drugs were allegedly used as a form of punishment. Haloperidol, an antipsychotic medication, was a preferred agent. It was used to induce intense restlessness and Parkinson's-type symptoms. Another antipsychotic medication, chlorpromazine, was also used to induce grogginess, sedation, and (in high doses) vegetative states. Other alleged uses of pharmacological torture included: In the United States, in a series of hearings in the fall and winter of 1977, Congressional committees drew forth disclosure of project MKULTRA, which was most active between 1953 and 1966

This is a document about Psychosis
 of chlorpromazine marked the advent of the dopamine antagonist, or first generation antipsychotic. While clinical trials showed a high response rate for both acute psychosis and disorders with psychotic features, the side-effects were particularly harsh, which included high rates of often irreversible Parkinsonian symptoms such as tardive dyskinesia. With the advent of atypical antipsychotics (also known as second generation antipsychotics) came a dopamine antagonist with a comparable response rate but a far different, though still extensive, side-effect profile that included a lower risk of Parkinsonian symptoms but a higher risk of cardiovascular disease. Atypical antipsychotics remain the first-line treatment for

This is a document about Dopamine
 are associated with the drug, such as friends, locations and situations. Association networks in the brain are greatly interlinked. Psychiatrists in the early 1950s discovered that a class of drugs known as typical antipsychotics (also known as major tranquilizers), were often effective at reducing the psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia. The introduction of the first widely used antipsychotic, chlorpromazine (Thorazine), in the 1950s, led to the release of many patients with schizophrenia from institutions in the years that followed. By the 1970s researchers understood that these typical antipsychotics worked as antagonists on the D2 receptors. This realization led to the so-called

Phenothiazines, such as chlorpromazine, were the first class of antipsychotic drugs to be developed. They were introduced in the 1950s and are characterized by their antagonism of dopamine D2 receptors, which has been linked to their therapeutic potency. The discovery of the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia led to the development of other antipsychotics, such as clozapine, which have different mechanisms of action.


Question: who won the mlb world series in 2007

Answer: the Red Sox

This is a document about 2007 World Series
 2007 World Series The 2007 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2007 season. The 103rd edition of the World Series, it was a best-of-seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion Colorado Rockies and the American League (AL) champion Boston Red Sox; the Red Sox swept the Rockies in four games. It was the Rockies' first appearance in a World Series. The Red Sox's victory was their second World Series championship in four seasons and their seventh overall; it also marked the third sweep in four years by the AL champions. The series began on

This is a document about Jon Lester
 Jon Lester Jonathan Tyler Lester (born January 7, 1984) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the Chicago Cubs of Major League Baseball (MLB). He previously played in MLB for the Boston Red Sox from 2006 to 2014 and the Oakland Athletics in 2014. Less than two years after being diagnosed with lymphoma, Lester started and won the final game of the 2007 World Series for the Red Sox, and in May 2008, pitched a no-hitter against the Kansas City Royals. He helped lead the Red Sox to another championship in 2013 and he won the 2016 World Series with

This is a document about Josh Beckett
 Josh Beckett Joshua Patrick Beckett (born May 15, 1980) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. A three-time Major League Baseball (MLB) All-Star, he played for the Florida Marlins, Boston Red Sox, and the Los Angeles Dodgers. After a stellar high school career, where he was regarded as one of the top prospects in the country, he was drafted by the Marlins with the second pick in the 1999 MLB draft. He won the 2003 World Series with the Marlins and the 2007 World Series with the Red Sox, and received the 2007 American League Championship Most Valuable Player (MVP)

This is a document about Daisuke Matsuzaka
 runs. The Red Sox won 11–2, to advance to the 2007 World Series against the Colorado Rockies. Matsuzaka is the first Japanese pitcher to win an MLB playoff game and only the fifth rookie to start a game seven in the playoffs. On October 27, 2007, he started and led the Red Sox to a 10–5 win in Game 3 of the 2007 World Series against the Rockies, his first World Series appearance, giving up 2 runs on 3 hits and 3 walks, with 5 strikeouts. In the game, he also recorded his first major league hit: a two-out 2-run

This is a document about Theo Epstein
 Theo Epstein Theo Nathaniel Epstein (born December 29, 1973) is an American baseball executive currently serving as the President of Baseball Operations for the Chicago Cubs of Major League Baseball (MLB). Epstein became the youngest general manager (GM) in the history of MLB, when the Boston Red Sox hired him at the age of 28 on November 25, 2002. In 2004, the Red Sox won their first World Series championship in 86 years and won another championship in 2007. On October 21, 2011, he resigned from his job in Boston to become President of Baseball Operations for the Chicago Cubs;

This is a document about Jon Lester
 and camouflage Cubs shirts. Jon Lester Jonathan Tyler Lester (born January 7, 1984) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the Chicago Cubs of Major League Baseball (MLB). He previously played in MLB for the Boston Red Sox from 2006 to 2014 and the Oakland Athletics in 2014. Less than two years after being diagnosed with lymphoma, Lester started and won the final game of the 2007 World Series for the Red Sox, and in May 2008, pitched a no-hitter against the Kansas City Royals. He helped lead the Red Sox to another championship in 2013 and he won the

This is a document about Al Leiter
 Red Sox historic comeback from being down 3-0 to beat the NY Yankees in the ALCS. The Red Sox went on to win their first World Series in 76 years. Since 2006, Leiter has worked as a color commentator and a studio analyst for the YES Network. He won a NY Emmy in 2007 for the "Manny game" in Boston. In 2009, Leiter was hired by MLB Network and appeared on the very first show the Network produced on January 1, 2009. He became a studio analyst for MLB Network in addition to his commentating job for the YES Network.

This is a document about 2013 World Series
 2013 World Series The 2013 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2013 season. The 109th edition of the World Series, it was a best-of-seven playoff between the American League (AL) champion Boston Red Sox and the National League (NL) champion St. Louis Cardinals; the Red Sox won, 4 games to 2. The Red Sox had home field advantage for the series, based on the AL's win in the 2013 MLB All-Star Game on July 16. This was the first World Series since 1999 to feature both #1 seeds from the American League and National League.

This is a document about 2004 World Series
 Theo Epstein is now credited with helping to end two of the most famous curses in all of professional sports. Coincidentally, the losing manager in that year's World Series was Terry Francona, who had managed the Red Sox to both the 2004 and 2007 championships. 2004 World Series The 2004 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2004 season. The 100th edition of the World Series, it was a best-of-seven playoff between the American League (AL) champion Boston Red Sox and the National League (NL) champion St. Louis Cardinals; the Red Sox swept the Cardinals in

This is a document about Jake Peavy
 Jake Peavy Jacob Edward Peavy (born May 31, 1981) is an American professional baseball pitcher who is currently a free agent. He has played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the San Diego Padres, Chicago White Sox, Boston Red Sox and San Francisco Giants. He bats and throws right-handed. While with the Padres, he won the 2007 NL Cy Young Award after recording the Pitching Triple Crown that year. He was traded from the White Sox to the Red Sox in 2013 and helped them to a World Series title later that season. One year later, he was traded to

This is a document about 2007 World Series
 in the ALDS and defeated the Cleveland Indians in the ALCS after trailing three games to one, taking the final three contests by a combined score of 30–5. Neither participating team was in the previous year's postseason. The Rockies' eight-day layoff was the longest in MLB postseason history, caused by their sweep in the NLCS, the ALCS going seven games, and scheduling by MLB. Per the 2006 Collective Bargaining Agreement, the Red Sox had home-field advantage in the World Series following the American League's 5–4 win in the 2007 All-Star Game. The first two games took place in Boston, with

This is a document about Terry Francona
 Terry Francona Terrence Jon Francona (born April 22, 1959), nicknamed "Tito", is the manager of the Cleveland Indians of Major League Baseball (MLB). Previously, he was the manager of the Boston Red Sox, whom he led to two World Series titles, ending the franchise's 86-year championship drought. After an unsuccessful four-year stint as the manager of the Philadelphia Phillies, Francona was hired to manage the Red Sox in 2004 and led the team to their first championship since 1918. He won another World Series with Boston in 2007 and continued to manage the team until the end of the 2011

This is a document about Fred Lynn
 of Fame in 2007. Lynn was born in Chicago, and attended the University of Southern California where he was a member of the USC Trojans baseball teams that won the College World Series in 1971, 1972, and 1973. He represented the United States at the 1971 Pan American Games, where he won a silver medal. He was selected by the Red Sox in the second round of the 1973 MLB draft, with the 41st overall pick. Lynn played in Boston's minor league system during 1973 (with the Double-A Bristol Red Sox) and during 1974 (with the Triple-A Pawtucket Red Sox).

This is a document about Brandon Workman
 a combined five runs in one inning pitched. He was replaced on the roster by Drew Pomeranz for the World Series. The Red Sox won the World Series against the Los Angeles Dodgers, giving Workman his second career championship. Workman and Taylor Caswell were engaged in March 2015, and married in November 2015 in Wichita Falls, Texas. , or Retrosheet Brandon Workman Brandon Carlin Workman (born August 13, 1988) is an American professional baseball pitcher with the Boston Red Sox of Major League Baseball (MLB). He made his MLB debut in 2013. He both throws and bats right-handed, and is

This is a document about 2004 World Series
 major North American sports leagues (MLB, the NFL, the NBA and the NHL), including one in each league after the Patriots won two more Super Bowls, the Celtics won the 2008 NBA championship and the Bruins won the Stanley Cup in 2011. Following the Bruins winning the 2011 Stanley Cup Finals, "Boston Globe" columnist Dan Shaughnessy ranked all seven championships and chose the Red Sox' 2004 World Series win as the greatest Boston sports championship during the ten-year span. Red Sox Manager Terry Francona became the third manager in four years to win a World Series in his first year

This is a document about 2007 World Series
  The 2007 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2007 season. The 103rd edition of the World Series, it was a best-of-seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion Colorado Rockies and the American League (AL) champion Boston Red Sox; the Red Sox swept the Rockies in four games. It was the Rockies' first appearance in a World Series. The Red Sox's victory was their second World Series championship in four seasons and their seventh overall; it also marked the third sweep in four years by the AL champions. The series began on Wednesday, October 24 and ended on Sunday, October 28. Terry Francona became the second Red Sox manager to win two World

This is a document about Clay Buchholz
  Buchholz pitched in two more games after the no-hitter, earning a win while pitching three innings of relief at Baltimore on September 6, and taking a loss after a start of 4 2⁄3 innings at Toronto on September 19. When Buchholz experienced shoulder fatigue, Red Sox management made a decision to shut him down for 2007. Buchholz was left off the postseason roster as the Red Sox eventually won the 2007 World Series in a four-game sweep over the Colorado Rockies. In spite of this, he was awarded a World Series ring by the Red Sox.

This is a document about 2007 National League Championship Series
  The 2007 National League Championship Series (NLCS), the final round of the 2007 National League playoffs, began on October 11 and ended on October 15. It was a best-of-seven series, with the West Division champion Arizona Diamondbacks facing the wild card Colorado Rockies, also from the West Division. The Rockies swept the series in four games to win their first ever pennant, extending a 17–1 run to 21–1 in the process. The Rockies won the opportunity to play the American League champion Boston Red Sox in the 2007 World Series. Colorado's NLCS sweep was only the second NLCS sweep since the seven-game format was adopted in 1985, with the first being the Atlanta Braves' sweep in 1995. The Rockies had swept the Philadelphia Phillies in three games in the NL Division Series, while the Diamondbacks had swept the Chicago Cubs. The Diamondbacks had home-field advantage

This is a document about 2007 World Series
  2007 World Series (4–0): Boston Red Sox (A.L.) beat Colorado Rockies (N.L.).

The Boston Red Sox won the MLB World Series in 2007. They defeated the Colorado Rockies in four games. Jon Lester, who was a key player for the Red Sox during that season, started and won Game 5 of the World Series. Daisuke Matsuzaka, a Japanese pitcher, made his first World Series start in Game 3 and gave up three runs in 5 2/3 innings. Theo Epstein, who was the General Manager of the Red Sox at the time, had previously won the World Series with the Chicago Cubs in