Question: pricing tactics lower the price of a product below cost

Answer: loss leader

This is a document about Pricing strategies
 an increase in profits rather than purchasing the leader product which is sold at a lower cost. When a "featured brand" is priced to be sold at a lower cost, retailers tend not to sell large quantities of the loss leader products and also they tend to purchase less quantities from the supplier as well to prevent loss for the firm. Supermarkets and restaurants are an excellent example of retail firms that apply the strategy of loss leader. In business, the practice of setting the price of a product to equal the extra cost of producing an extra unit of

This is a document about Pricing strategies
 An example of this would be if the firm signed a union contract to employ a certain (high) level of labor for a long period of time. In this strategy price of the product becomes the limit according to budget. A loss leader or leader is a product sold at a low price (i.e. at cost or below cost) to stimulate other profitable sales. This would help the companies to expand its market share as a whole. Loss leader strategy is commonly used by retailers in order to lead the customers into buying products with higher marked-up prices to produce

This is a document about Loss leader
 Loss leader A loss leader (also leader) is a pricing strategy where a product is sold at a price below its market cost to stimulate other sales of more profitable goods or services. With this sales promotion/marketing strategy, a "leader" is used as a related term and can mean any popular article, i.e., one sold at a normal price. One use of a loss leader is to draw customers into a store where they are likely to buy other goods. The vendor expects that the typical customer will purchase other items at the same time as the loss leader and

This is a document about Predatory pricing
 substantial capital investments, which would not be repaid for a long time because of sharp price decreases, provoked by resumption of competition. Predatory pricing Predatory pricing, also known as undercutting, is a pricing strategy in which a product or service is set at a very low price with the intention to achieve new customers (Loss leader), or driving competitors out of the market or to create barriers to entry for potential new competitors. Theoretically, if competitors or potential competitors cannot sustain equal or lower prices without losing money, they go out of business or choose not to enter the business.

This is a document about Loss leader
 often impulse buys. Some consumer electronics stores use smartphones and other mobile electronics as loss leaders. The company makes less profit on the smartphone or mobile device, but they make up for this by the sales of higher-profit accessories such as cases, headphones and power adapters. Loss leader A loss leader (also leader) is a pricing strategy where a product is sold at a price below its market cost to stimulate other sales of more profitable goods or services. With this sales promotion/marketing strategy, a "leader" is used as a related term and can mean any popular article, i.e., one

This is a document about Predatory pricing
 Predatory pricing Predatory pricing, also known as undercutting, is a pricing strategy in which a product or service is set at a very low price with the intention to achieve new customers (Loss leader), or driving competitors out of the market or to create barriers to entry for potential new competitors. Theoretically, if competitors or potential competitors cannot sustain equal or lower prices without losing money, they go out of business or choose not to enter the business. The so-called predatory merchant then theoretically has fewer competitors or even is a de facto monopoly. Predatory pricing is considered anti-competitive in

This is a document about Price-based selling
  Price cutting, or undercutting, is a sales technique that reduces the retail prices to a level low enough to eliminate competition. Businesses will implement this as a way to under-cut the competition and offer the best price to the consumer.

This is a document about Pricing
  High-low pricing refers to the practice of offering goods at a high price for a period of time, followed by offering the same goods at a low price for a predetermined time. This practice is widely used by chain stores selling homewares. The main disadvantage of the high-low tactic is that consumers tend to become aware of the price cycles and time their purchases to coincide with a low-price cycle.

This is a document about Pricing strategies
  Pricing designed to have a positive psychological impact. For example, there are often benefits to selling a product at $3.95 or $3.99, rather than $4.00. If the price of a product is $100 and the company prices it at $99, then it is using the psychological technique of just-below pricing. In most consumers' minds, $99 gives the impression of being considerably less than $100. A minor distinction in pricing can make a big difference in sales. The company that succeeds in finding appropriate psychological price points can improve sales and maximize revenue.

This is a document about Retail marketing
  at levels lower than normally charged for a good or service. Promotional pricing is sometimes a reaction to unforeseen circumstances, as when a downturn in demand leaves a company with excess stocks; or when competitive activity is making inroads into market share or profits.  Psychological pricing is a range of tactics designed to have a positive psychological impact. Price tags using the terminal digit "9", ($9.99, $19.99 or $199.99) can be used to signal price points and bring an item in at just under the consumer's reservation price. Psychological pricing is widely used in a variety of retail settings.

This is a document about Market penetration
  One of the common market penetration strategies is to lower the products' prices. Businesses aim to generate more sales volume by increasing the number of products purchased by putting on lower prices (price competition) for consumers comparing to the alternative goods. Companies may alternatively pursue strategies of higher prices depending on the demand elasticity of the product, in the hope that it will generate an increased sales volume and result in higher market penetration.

This is a document about Pricing
  Penetration pricing is an approach that can be considered at the time of market entry. In this approach, the price of a product is initially set low in an effort to penetrate the market quickly. Low prices and low margins also act as a deterrent, preventing potential rivals from entering the market since they would have to undercut the low margins to gain a foothold.

This is a document about Psychological pricing
  Psychological pricing (also price ending, charm pricing) is a pricing and marketing strategy based on the theory that certain prices have a psychological impact. In this pricing method, retail prices are often expressed as just-below numbers: numbers that are just a little less than a round number, e.g. $19.99 or £2.98. There is evidence that consumers tend to perceive just-below prices (also referred to as "odd prices") as being lower than they actually are, tending to round to the next lowest monetary unit. Thus, prices such as $1.99 may to some degree be associated with spending $1 rather than $2. The theory that drives this is that pricing practices such as this cause greater demand than if consumers were perfectly rational. Psychological pricing is one cause of price points.

This is a document about Pricing
  never offer discounts because the use of low prices may tarnish the brand image. Instead of discounting, premium brands are more likely to offer customer value through price-bundling or giveaways. When setting individual prices, decision-makers require a solid understanding of pricing economics, notably break-even analysis, as well as an appreciation of the psychological aspects of consumer decision-making including reservation prices, ceiling prices and floor prices. The marketing literature identifies literally hundreds of pricing tactics. It is difficult to do justice to the variety of tactics in widespread use. Rao and Kartono carried out a cross-cultural study to identify the pricing strategies and tactics that are most widely used. The following listing is largely based on their work.

This is a document about High–low pricing
  High–low pricing (or hi–low pricing) is a type of pricing strategy adopted by companies, usually small and medium-sized retail firms, where a firm initially charges a high price for a product and later, when it has become less desirable, sells it at a discount or through clearance sales. Prospective customers may be unaware of a product's typical market price, or have a strong belief that "discount" is synonymous with "low price", or have strong loyalty to the product, brand or retailer. High–low pricing strategy is effective because of consumer preference and shopping frequency. Consumers with higher income strongly prefer the high-low pricing and they shop frequently in the brand stores they like.

This is a document about Revenue management
  This category of revenue management involves redefining pricing strategy and developing disciplined pricing tactics. The key objective of a pricing strategy is anticipating the value created for customers and then setting specific prices to capture that value. A company may decide to price against their competitors or even their own products, but the most value comes from pricing strategies that closely follow market conditions and demand, especially at a segment level. Once a pricing strategy dictates what a company wants to do, pricing tactics determine how a company actually captures the value. Tactics involve creating pricing tools that change dynamically, in order to react to changes and continually capture value and gain revenue. Price Optimization, for example, involves constantly optimizing multiple variables such as price sensitivity, price ratios, and inventory to maximize revenues. A successful pricing strategy, supported by analytically-based pricing tactics, can drastically improve a firm's profitability.

This is a document about Marketing ethics
  If price wars can be avoided, it will prove to be vital success for any business. Price Collusion: Price Collusion is when several companies get together in order to hold the price of a good or service at a raised level in the hopes of achieving large profits or restricting the market. Price fixing is sometimes called price collusion in order to emphasize the agreement using secretive, to avoid fair competition. Pricing practices that are considered unethical in most geographic markets include: List of pricing practices which may be unethical in certain circumstances and should be used with caution:

This is a document about Penetration pricing
  Penetration pricing is a pricing strategy where the price of a product is initially set low to rapidly reach a wide fraction of the market and initiate word of mouth. The strategy works on the expectation that customers will switch to the new brand because of the lower price. Penetration pricing is most commonly associated with marketing objectives of enlarging market share and exploiting economies of scale or experience.

This is a document about Psychological pricing
  for a long period of time, with companies slowly reducing the quantity of product in the package until consumers begin to notice. At this time, the price will increase marginally (to $5.05) and then within an exceptionally short time will increase to the next price point ($5.99, for example). Several studies have shown that when prices are presented to a prospect in descending order (versus ascending order) positive effects result, mainly a willingness to pay a higher price, higher perceptions of value, and higher probability of purchase. The reason for this is that when presented in the former, the higher price serves as a reference point, and the lower prices are perceived favorably as a result.

Yes, pricing tactics such as loss leaders and predatory pricing involve setting the price of a product below its cost to achieve specific business objectives. In the case of loss leaders, the goal is to stimulate sales of other products with higher profit margins, while predatory pricing is used to drive competitors out of the market or create barriers to entry.


Question: where did top gear build the bridge in thailand

Answer: over the Kok River

This is a document about Top Gear controversies
 before the 'slope' comment in the Burma special, it did not surface until afterwards and the combined complaints caused many public figures to call for Clarkson to be fired and ultimately resulted in a 'final warning' from the BBC regarding racist remarks. The "Top Gear" presenters go across Burma and Thailand in lorries with the goal of building a bridge over the river Kwai. After building a bridge over the Kok River, Clarkson is quoted as saying "That is a proud moment, but there's a slope on it." as a native crosses the bridge, 'slope' being a pejorative for Asians.

This is a document about Top Gear (2002 TV series)
 of the series and for often replacing the programme with snooker (which Clarkson labelled as "drunk men playing billiards"), despite "Top Gear" having considerably higher viewing figures. In March 2014, Indian-born actress Somi Guha made a formal complaint to BBC for $1.8 million, for a racist term used after building a bridge over the Kok River in the Burma Special. Upon its completion, Clarkson said, "That's a proud moment, but there's a slope on it", and Richard Hammond added, "Yeah, right. It's definitely higher on that side". This led to complaints that "slope" is a derogatory term for an Asian

This is a document about Kok River
  In October 2013 the cast and crew of the British television show Top Gear constructed a bridge over the Kok as part of their Burma Special. The bridge was originally planned to be built over the River Kwai, but the River Fang which flows into the Kok was chosen accidentally. The show aired in two parts on 9 March 2014 and 16 March 2014. Following production of the episode, the bridge was taken down, despite the producers and crew wanting it to stay in use for the locals.

This is a document about Top Gear controversies
  The show was investigated by Ofcom after the words "Pikey Peak" was depicted on a placard on the show. The Top Gear presenters go across Burma and Thailand in lorries with the goal of building a bridge over the river Kwai. After building a bridge over the Kok River, Clarkson is quoted as saying "That is a proud moment, but there's a slope on it." as a native crosses the bridge, 'slope' being a pejorative for Asians. Top Gear Executive Producer Andy Wilman responded: "When we used the word slope in the recent Top Gear Burma Special it was a light-hearted

This is a document about Top Gear challenges
  Series Twenty-One, Episode Six and Seven The three presenters find themselves travelling out to Burma for a road trip to Thailand and the River Kwai, each taking with them a second-hand lorry that they will use to build a bridge over it - Clarkson buys an Isuzu TX that has an extensive stereo setup in the cab and a dumper truck layout in the back, Hammond purchases another Isuzu TX, but modified with extensive space for carrying large volume loads, while May acquires a Hino FB110 with a crane on the back. Starting their journey in the country's old capital of Rangoon, they continue through Naypyidaw, before crossing into Thailand. They are challenged with building a bridge across the River Kwai, then driving over it with their trucks, but realise when constructing the bridge that they are actually at the River Kok. All Winners

This is a document about Bhumibol Bridge
  Bangkok and surrounding areas, especially the industrial area around Khlong Toei Port, southern Bangkok, and Samut Prakan Province. According to tradition, all bridges over the Chao Phraya in Bangkok are named after a member of the royal family. In October 2009, it was announced that both bridges would be named after King Bhumibol Adulyadej, with the northern bridge officially named "Bhumibol 1 Bridge" and the southern bridge "Bhumibol 2 Bridge". The unofficial name "Mega Bridge" was also widely used. The bridge was featured on the Discovery Channel. Even though the bridges are the fastest way to drive from Phra Pradaeng District, Samut Prakan Province to Bangkok, motorcycles were banned from using the two Bhumibol bridges from 1 November 2018 due to safety concerns.

This is a document about The Amazing Race Asia 1
 Queenstown (Queenstown Airport) to Singapore (Changi Airport) ; Singapore (MacPherson – Caltex Petrol Station) ; Singapore (Suntec City – Fountain of Wealth) ; Singapore (Changi Airport) to Bangkok, Thailand (Don Mueang International Airport) ; Bang Pa-in (Wat Niwet Thammaprawat) ; Bangkok (Golden Mount) ; Bangkok (Larn Luang Road and Pig Memorial or Pak Khlong Talat) ; Bangkok (Wat Pho) Additional tasks ; At the Caltex station, each team had to clean up an extremely dirty Ford Focus car until the Caltex employee in charge was satisfied to receive their next clue. ; At Wat Niwet Thamaprawat, teams had to take a cable car over the river and then search the temple grounds for several clue boxes. Only one of these

This is a document about Top Gear (2002 TV series)
  2006 issue of Top Gear magazine, he voiced his opinion that the BBC did not take Top Gear seriously. He has also commented on his dislike of BBC bosses for choosing the length of the series and for often replacing the programme with snooker (which Clarkson labelled as "drunk men playing billiards"), despite Top Gear having considerably higher viewing figures. In March 2014, Indian-born actress Somi Guha made a formal complaint to BBC for $1.8 million, for a racist term used after building a bridge over the Kok River in the Burma Special. Upon its completion, Clarkson said, "That's a proud moment, but there's a slope on it", and Richard Hammond added, "Yeah,

This is a document about Top Gear (series 21)
  In the second part of the Burma Special, a scene showing the presenters looking over their completed bridge over the Kok River, featured a moment in which a native of the area is crossing the bridge as Jeremy Clarkson says to Richard Hammond about their finished work - "That is a proud moment, but there's a slope on it." Following the broadcast of the second part, complaints of racism arose in regard to the comment, primarily citing that "slope" was a derogatory term for an Asian, leading to Top Gear and Andy Wilman, the show's executive producer, apologising for any offence caused by it in late April 2014, while subsequently cutting the scene from future repeats of the special. In a statement by Wilman to the media, the

This is a document about Top Gear: Middle East Special
  watched by 792,000 viewers. The adventure was included in the "Top Gear – The Great Adventures 1–4" DVD box set released in 2016. Planning for the episode began in January 2010, with the concept of the Baby Stig added later as a plot device to introduce a new Stig following the departure of Ben Collins. The Top Gear convoy included support vehicles for camera crews and the production team, plus a medic and a private security team. Filming took place during October 2010, with the convoy negotiating the Sheikh Hussein Bridge border crossing from Jordan to Israel on 19 October 2010.

This is a document about The Amazing Race 26
 Phuket (Phuket International Airport) to Bangkok (Don Mueang International Airport) ; Bangkok (Wat Yan Nawa) ; Bangkok (Wat Yan Nawa – Mekhala Pier) ; Bangkok (Snooker Club and Caturday Café or Wat Klang Food Market and Wat Paknam Bhasicharoen) ; Bangkok (Pathum Wan Siang Gong) ; Bangkok (Wat Ratchanatdaram – Maha Chetsadabodin Pavilion Court overlooking Loha Prasat) Additional task ; After the Roadblock, teams had to figure out that the clue, a piece of fabric with the inscription "Metal Castle" from a screwdriver, directed them to the Pit Stop at Loha Prasat in Wat Ratchanatdaram. Airdate: March 13, 2015 For their Speed Bump, Harley &

This is a document about Jeremy Clarkson
  Burma Special, which aired March 2014, Clarkson and Hammond were seen admiring a wooden bridge, which they had built during the episode. Clarkson is quoted as saying "That is a proud moment, but there's a slope on it" as a native crosses the bridge, "slope" being a pejorative for Asians. Top Gear Executive Producer Andy Wilman responded: "When we used the word slope in the recent Top Gear Burma Special it was a light-hearted word play joke referencing both the build quality of the bridge and the local Asian man who was crossing it. We were not aware at the time, and

This is a document about The Amazing Race 9
 Darwin (Darwin International Airport) to Bangkok, Thailand (Bangkok International Airport) ; Bangkok (Mo Chit Bus Terminal) to Lopburi (Lopburi Bus Station) ; Lopburi (Prang Sam Yot) ; Pho Kao Ton (Bo Ngoen Pla Pao Restaurant) ; Pak Kret (Wat Sanam Nua Pier) to Ko Kret Island (Wat Poramaiyikawas Pier) ; Ko Kret Island (Buddha Garden) ; Ko Kret Island (Jom Jam Pottery Factory or Wat Chimphli) ; Bangkok (Marble Temple) Additional note ; The clue at Prang Sam Yot contained an additional envelope inside that informed teams to not open it until they reached the Pit Stop. The team whose envelope contained a golden

This is a document about The Stig
  one of the most popular questions of all time, along with the meaning of life. The Stig has been notionally "spotted" in the wild in images collected for Google Street View. He was photographed by a Street View car standing on the side of the A82 road in Loch Ness, Scotland. He was also captured by a Street View tricycle in three locations within Legoland Windsor in Berkshire, including riding a go-kart and sitting on a camel. A Street View image taken from the A40 Westway of the Stig apparently standing in a window of the Top Gear office was reportedly just a cardboard cut-out. The BBC has capitalised on

This is a document about Rama IX Bridge
  Rama IX Bridge (สะพานพระราม ๙,, ) is a bridge in Bangkok, Thailand over the Chao Phraya River. It connects the Yan Nawa District to Rat Burana District as a part of the Dao Khanong – Port Section of Chalerm Maha Nakhon Expressway. The bridge was named in the honor of King Bhumibol Adulyadej's 60th birthday. The opening date coincided with the king's birthday, with a million people walking over it. It was the first cable-stayed bridge in Thailand and had the second-longest cable-stayed span in the world when it opened in 1987. The original colour scheme, with white pylons and black cables, was replaced with an all yellow scheme representing the king in 2006.

This is a document about The Man with the Golden Gun (film)
   Filming commenced on 6 November 1973 at the partly submerged wreck of the RMS Queen Elizabeth, which acted as a top-secret MI6 base grounded in Victoria Harbour in Hong Kong. The crew was small, and a stunt double was used for James Bond. Other Hong Kong locations included the Hong Kong Dragon Garden as the estate of Hai Fat, which portrayed a location in Bangkok. The major part of principal photography started on 18 April 1974 in Thailand. Thai locations included Bangkok, Thonburi, Phuket and nearby Phang Nga Province, on the islands of Ko Khao Phing Kan (เกาะเขาพิงกัน) and Ko Tapu (เกาะตะปู). Scaramanga's hideout is on Ko Khao Phing Kan, and Ko Tapu is often

This is a document about Taksin Bridge
  The Taksin Bridge (สะพานสมเด็จพระเจ้าตากสินมหาราช,, ; usually abbreviated to simply สะพานตากสิน, ), or commonly known as Sathon Bridge (สะพานสาทร, , ) is a bridge crossing the Chao Phraya River in Bangkok, Thailand.

This is a document about Filming of James Bond in the 1970s
  On 6 November 1973 filming commenced at the part-submerged wreck of the RMS Queen Elizabeth, which acted as a top-secret MI6 base grounded in Victoria Harbour in Hong Kong. The crew was small, and a stunt double was used for James Bond. The major part of principal photography started in April 1974 in Thailand. Thai locations included Bangkok, Thon Buri, Phuket and the nearby Phang Nga Province, on the islands of Ko Khao Phing Kan (เกาะเขาพิงกัน) and Ko Tapu (เกาะตะปู). Scaramanga's hideout is on Ko Khao Phing Kan, and Ko Tapu is often now referred to as James Bond Island

This is a document about Top Gear Races
  Series Eleven, Episode Four (13 July 2008) In what is commonly agreed to be the closest Top Gear race ever staged, Clarkson drove a Nissan GT-R through Japan, from Hakui, Ishikawa to Mount Nokogiri, while Hammond and May took public transport—most notably the 168 mph Shinkansen. Before even setting off, Hammond and May were certain that the car couldn't win because of the speed-limits on Japan's motorway network, the near constant presence of speed cameras and the fact that the car had to drive through Tokyo which May described at the time as the most congested city in the world, not to mention the fact that Japan had

Top Gear built the bridge in Burma, not Thailand. The bridge was constructed over the Kok River as part of the Burma Special episode in October 2013.


Question: who sings it was right on the tip of my tongue

Answer: Tommy Quickly

This is a document about Tip of My Tongue
 Tip of My Tongue "Tip of My Tongue" is a single by Tommy Quickly backed by The Remo Four. Written by Paul McCartney and attributed to the songwriting partnership of Lennon–McCartney, it was one of their relatively few songs that were never officially released by the Beatles. Several takes of this song were apparently recorded on 26 November 1962 at EMI Studios, although George Martin was dissatisfied with the results. This session has yet to emerge on any of the Beatles bootlegs. Surprisingly, although Quickly's version was released in the UK as Beatlemania was taking off, the single was a

This is a document about Tip of My Tongue
 first release for either of these songs in the United States. Recordings of "Tip of My Tongue" as the Beatles may have performed it are available on the 1989 album by Bas Muys entitled "Secret Songs: Lennon & McCartney" and on the 1998 release "It's Four You" by the Australian tribute band The Beatnix. Tip of My Tongue "Tip of My Tongue" is a single by Tommy Quickly backed by The Remo Four. Written by Paul McCartney and attributed to the songwriting partnership of Lennon–McCartney, it was one of their relatively few songs that were never officially released by the

This is a document about Ask Me Why
 It was recorded again, along with "Please Please Me", on 26 November 1962 with Ringo Starr on drums. The Beatles also rehearsed "Tip of My Tongue", another Lennon and McCartney song which was also being considered for the B-side of the "Please Please Me" single. However, George Martin felt that "Tip of My Tongue" still needed some work, and it was eventually given to Tommy Quickly to record. The song was covered by the Smithereens on their album 2008 "B-Sides The Beatles". Engineered by Norman Smith Ask Me Why "Ask Me Why" is a song by the English rock band

This is a document about The Beatles' recording sessions
 the successful recording of "Please Please Me", Martin spoke the now-famous line, "You've just made your first number one." In addition to the two sides of the single, they also performed an unknown number of takes of another original composition, "Tip of My Tongue", but Martin was unhappy with the arrangement. They never recorded it again and, instead, gave it to Tommy Quickly, another artist managed by Epstein. "Please Please Me" and "Ask Me Why" were mono mixed at an unknown time on 30 November in Studio 2. An edit and stereo mix of "Please Please Me" and a new

This is a document about Right on the Tip of My Tongue
  "Right on the Tip of My Tongue" is a song written by Van McCoy and Joe Cobb and performed by Brenda & the Tabulations. It reached #10 on the U.S. R&B chart and #23 on the U.S. pop chart in 1971. The song was arranged by Van McCoy and produced by McCoy and Gilda Woods. This song is noted for Brenda's spoken recitation in the Coda section, which leads to the song's surprising end. The song ranked #97 on Billboard magazine's Top 100 singles of 1971.

This is a document about Tip of My Tongue (Lynsey de Paul song)
  "Tip of My Tongue" is a song written by Lynsey de Paul and Barry Blue (originally registered as "On the Tip of My Tongue"). It was first released as the fifth single by Brotherly Love (a Liverpool-based group composed of three brothers, Mike, Ronnie and Lee Carroll, who are brothers of impressionist Faith Brown) with the song "I Love Everything About You" as the flip side on CBS Records in 1973 and was produced by Phil Wainman. The group performed the song on the Granada TV programme Lift Off With Ayshea on 22 June 1973. The song received positive reviews from the British music press, and the brothers were interviewed about the single but it did

This is a document about Tip of My Tongue (Diesel song)
  "Tip of My Tongue" is a song by Australian rock musician Diesel. It was included on his debut album, Hepfidelity (1992). It peaked at number 4 in Australia and 3 in New Zealand. At the ARIA Music Awards of 1993, the song was nominated for ARIA Award for Single of the Year, but lost to "The Day You Went Away" by Wendy Matthews.

This is a document about Mustard production discography
 00. "Tip Of Yo Tongue"

This is a document about Tip of My Tongue (Kenny Chesney song)
  "Tip of My Tongue" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Kenny Chesney. It was released in July 2019 as the first single from his 2020 album Here and Now. Chesney wrote this song with songwriter Ross Copperman and English singer Ed Sheeran, and co-produced it with Copperman.

This is a document about Tip of My Tongue (Lynsey de Paul song)
  reach the UK Singles Chart. Barry Blue was credited as "Barry Green" on this release. The female soul trio Ellie (aka the Hope Sisters - Ellie, Christine and Kathy) released their version of "Tip of My Tongue" produced by Barry Blue as a single (backed by "Someone's Stolen My Marbles") on the Fresh Air record label in the UK, on London Records in North America and on the Phillips label in Germany, France and Australia in 1974. They performed the song on the German TV music program, Hits a Go Go, on 22 October 1974. The song was also included on the German 1975 compilation album Various – 26 Original Top Hits. It was also chosen

This is a document about Liquid Gold
  Liquid Gold was formed by Ray and Ellie, who had met auditioning to play in Babe Ruth, a group that released four albums between 1972 and 1975. Both of them worked on the band's last album, Kid Stuff. Ellie Hope also had a modicum of previous success with her sisters in the soul group "Ellie" scoring a notable single "Tip of My Tongue" and also singing on Mud's hit single "Oh Boy". They then recruited Wally "Eddie" Rothe and Syd Twynham under the name Dream Coupe; after a few shows they signed to Creole Records, a Polo Records subsidiary, and changed their name to Liquid Gold. Their first single,

This is a document about The Remo Four
  early 1963, Prytherch decided to get married and find a regular job, and Roy Dyke took his place in the band. Stokes also left and was replaced by Phil Rogers. That year the band signed up with Epstein's NEMS Enterprises and acquired a new lead singer, Tommy Quickly, and a recording contract with Piccadilly Records, backing Quickly on Lennon and McCartney's "Tip of My Tongue" and other songs. The band also released instrumentals, including a driving rendition of Henry Mancini's Peter Gunn theme. In a significant line-up change, Tony Ashton (keyboards/vocals) replaced Don Andrew, with Rogers moving to bass. Another NEMS artist, Billy J. Kramer, became a frontman

This is a document about 1990 in music
  Promised Myself" – Nick Kamen (#1 AUT, SWE, #3 SWI) • "I Still Haven't Found What I'm Looking For" – The Chimes (#2 NOR) #6 UK, IRL, NZ) • "Itsy Bitsy Teenie Weenie Yellow Polka Dot Bikini" – Bombalurina (#1 UK) • "It's Here" – Kim Wilde (#4 (FIN), #6 (DEN, NOR)) • "It's On You" – M.C. Sar & The Real McCoy • "It Must Have Been Love" – Roxette • "It Takes Two" – Rod Stewart & Tina Turner (#3 (NLD), #4 (IRL, IT), #5 (UK)) • "I've Been Thinking About You" – Londonbeat (#1 (AUS, AUT, BE, CAN, FIN,

This is a document about Brenda & the Tabulations
  The group had a distinctive, almost doo-wop sound, especially at the start, featuring Payton's sweet occasionally rough-edged vocals with background male harmonies. The line-up changed around 1971 with the original three men departing. Two female backing singers (Pat Mercer and Deborah Martin) were brought into the group. Brenda and the Tabulations had one major US hit, entitled "Dry Your Eyes". The group also worked with producer and recording artist Van McCoy with whom they scored the moderate US hit "Right on the Tip of my Tongue". Several other songs became hits or moderate hits on the US soul singles chart

This is a document about Tommy Quickly
 "Tip of My Tongue" (Lennon–McCartney) / "Heaven Only Knows" (August 1963, Piccadilly 7N 35137) ; "Kiss Me Now” / "No Other Love" (1963, Piccadilly 7N 35151) ; "Prove It" (Gerry Marsden) / "Haven't You Noticed" (1964, Piccadilly 7N 35167) ; You Might As Well Forget Him" / "It's As Simple As That" (1964, Piccadilly 7N 35183) ; "The Wild Side of Life" / "Forget the Other Guy" (October 1964, Pye 7N 15708) UK No. 33 ; "Humpty Dumpty" / "I'll Go Crazy" (December 1964, Pye 7N 15748)

This is a document about Diesel (musician)
  his solo Rock 'n' Soul Tour, early in 1992, with Yak Sherrit on drums, Leslie Barlow on backing vocals, Matthew Branton on bass guitar, Jim Hilbun on rhythm guitar (ex-The Angels) and Roger Mason on keyboards (Models). His next release, "Tip of my Tongue", appeared in February 1992, reaching No. 4 and becoming his highest charting single. It was followed a month later by his debut solo album, Hepfidelity, produced by Don Gehman and Manning, recorded in Los Angeles and Memphis. The album peaked at No. 1 on the ARIA charts and went on to sell more than 200,000 copies. A further two singles were issued, "Man Alive", in May, which

This is a document about Hortense Ellis
  siblings toured Canada in 1970 but the following year, Ellis was back in Jamaica where she married Mikey "Junior" Saunders with whom she had five children in quick succession. Although her live performances suffered as a result, she remained busy in the studio. Recording under the name Mahalia Saunders for producer Lee "Scratch" Perry, she recorded several sides including "Right on the Tip of My Tongue" and "Piece of My Heart". Ellis' success came in the late 1970s with a song recorded for Gussie Clarke. "Unexpected Places" was a big hit in Jamaica and also in Britain where it appeared on the Hawkeye label. For producer Bunny "Striker" Lee, Ellis became Queen Tiney

This is a document about Fifth Doctor
 Tip of the Tongue by Patrick Ness

This is a document about Tip of My Tongue (Tommy Quickly song)
  "Tip of My Tongue" is a single by Tommy Quickly. Written by Paul McCartney and attributed to the songwriting partnership of Lennon–McCartney, it was one of their relatively few songs that were never officially released by the Beatles. Several takes of this song were recorded on 26 November 1962 at EMI Studios, although George Martin was dissatisfied with the results. This session has yet to emerge on any of the Beatles bootlegs. Surprisingly, although Quickly's version was released in the UK as Beatlemania was taking off, the single was a flop and proved merely the first of a series of career disappointments for the singer. "Tip of My Tongue" remains one of only three original A-sides written by Lennon–McCartney not to have at least made the UK charts upon its initial release; the others being "One & One Is Two" by The Strangers with Mike Shannon and Peter and Gordon's "I Don't Want to See You Again", which did at least chart in the US, peaking at #16.

The song "Tip of My Tongue" was sung by Tommy Quickly, but it was written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney.


Question: who created the concept of the broken windows theory and what was it

Answer: George L. Kelling

This is a document about Broken windows theory
 replicated. Broken windows theory The broken windows theory is a criminological theory that visible signs of crime, anti-social behavior, and civil disorder create an urban environment that encourages further crime and disorder, including serious crimes. The theory thus suggests that policing methods that target minor crimes such as vandalism, public drinking, and fare evasion help to create an atmosphere of order and lawfulness, thereby preventing more serious crimes. The theory was introduced in a 1982 article by social scientists James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling. It was further popularized in the 1990s by New York City police commissioner William

This is a document about Broken windows theory
 Wilson and George L. Kelling first introduced the broken windows theory in an article titled "Broken Windows", in the March 1982 "The Atlantic Monthly". The title comes from the following example: The article received a great deal of attention and was very widely cited. A 1996 criminology and urban sociology book, "Fixing Broken Windows: Restoring Order and Reducing Crime in Our Communities" by George L. Kelling and Catharine Coles, is based on the article but develops the argument in greater detail. It discusses the theory in relation to crime and strategies to contain or eliminate crime from urban neighborhoods. A

This is a document about Broken windows theory
 Broken windows theory The broken windows theory is a criminological theory that visible signs of crime, anti-social behavior, and civil disorder create an urban environment that encourages further crime and disorder, including serious crimes. The theory thus suggests that policing methods that target minor crimes such as vandalism, public drinking, and fare evasion help to create an atmosphere of order and lawfulness, thereby preventing more serious crimes. The theory was introduced in a 1982 article by social scientists James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling. It was further popularized in the 1990s by New York City police commissioner William Bratton

This is a document about Broken windows theory
 apathetic. Similar events can occur in any civilized community when communal barriers—the sense of mutual regard and obligations of civility—are lowered by actions that suggest apathy. In 1985, the New York City Transit Authority hired George L. Kelling, the author of "Broken Windows", as a consultant. Kelling was later hired as a consultant to the Boston and the Los Angeles police departments. One of Kelling's adherents, David L. Gunn implemented policies and procedures based on the Broken Windows Theory during his tenure as President of the New York City Transit Authority. One of his major efforts was to lead a

This is a document about William Bratton
 a key proponent of "broken windows" policing. Some media sources have described his policy as "zero tolerance" policing, but Bratton denies this. Bratton has called "zero tolerance" a "troublesome" term. Bratton and George L. Kelling wrote a joint essay in which they outlined a difference between the two: The central theory behind broken windows policing is that low-level crime and disorder creates an environment that encourages more serious crimes. Bratton and Kelling also argue that low-level disorder is often a greater worry to residents than major crimes, and that different ethnic groups have similar ideas as to what "disorder" is.

This is a document about Manhattan Institute for Policy Research
 reinvention of the Port Authority's business model, including divesting from real estate assets and financing new projects with public-private partnerships. The Institute has pioneered reforms in policing, most notably the use of community policing methods and more specifically quality-of-life policing, also known as "broken windows theory" after the landmark 1982 "Atlantic Monthly" article "Broken Windows" by James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling. "Broken Windows" posits that dealing more effectively and comprehensively with low-level quality of life crime would reduce more high-profile violent crime. Broken Windows policing was put to its first major large-scale test in the mid-1990s after the

This is a document about Stop-and-frisk in New York City
 cases: if possession of a weapon was suspected, or reasonable suspicion of a possible crime escalated to probable cause to arrest for an actual crime based on facts developed after the initial stop-and-question. That all changed in the 1990s, when CompStat was developed under then-Police Commissioner William Bratton. High-ranking police officials widely incorporated the "stop, question and frisk". Use of stop-and-frisk is often associated with "broken windows" policing. The "broken windows theory" is the theory that low-level crime and disorder creates an environment which encourages more serious crimes. Among the key proponents of the theory are George L. Kelling and

This is a document about Bryant Park
 "Broken Windows Theory" expounded by James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling in a seminal 1982 article in "Atlantic Monthly", instituted a rigorous program to clean the park, remove graffiti and repair the broken physical plant. BPRC also created a private security staff to confront unlawful behavior immediately. After initial successes, BPRC closed the park in 1988 to undertake a four-year project to build new park entrances with increased visibility from the street, to enhance the formal French garden design – with a lush redesign by Lynden Miller – and to improve and repair paths and lighting. BPRC's plan also

This is a document about Zero tolerance
 and Clean Neighborhoods Act", approved in New Jersey in 1973, which has the same underlying assumptions. The ideas behind the 1973 New Jersey policy were later popularized in 1982, when a US cultural magazine, "The Atlantic Monthly", published an article by James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling about the broken windows theory of crime. Their name for the idea comes from the following example: According to scholars, zero tolerance is the concept of giving "carte blanche" to the police for the inflexible repression of minor offenses, homeless people, and the disorders associated with them. A well-known criticism to this

This is a document about Museum of Broken Windows
  The Broken Windows theory is a criminological theory that was first introduced by social scientists James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling in a 1982 issue of The Atlantic Monthly, in which they argue that areas exhibiting visible evidence of anti-social behaviour such as graffiti and vandalism act as catalysts for the occurrence of more serious crimes. Despite the fact that there is still debate in regards to the relationship between crime reduction and the policing policies inspired by the hypothesis, the theory was later applied in numerous locations around the United States, most notably in New York City following the 1993 election of Mayor Rudy Giuliani. Along with incumbent police commissioner William J. Bratton, Giuliani promoted the use of "broken windows policing" across the city by enforcing stricter policing

This is a document about Broken windows theory
   The broken windows theory is a criminological theory that states that visible signs of crime, anti-social behavior, and civil disorder create an urban environment that encourages further crime and disorder, including serious crimes. The theory suggests that policing methods that target minor crimes, such as vandalism, loitering, public drinking, jaywalking and fare evasion, help to create an atmosphere of order and lawfulness. The theory was introduced in a 1982 article by social scientists James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling. It was further popularized in the 1990s by New York City police commissioner William Bratton and Mayor Rudy Giuliani, whose policing policies were influenced by the theory. The theory became subject to great debate both within the social sciences and the public sphere. Broken windows policing has become associated with controversial police practices, such as the high use of stop-and-frisk in New York City in the decade up to 2013. In response, Bratton and Kelling have written that broken windows policing should not be treated as "zero tolerance" or "zealotry", but as a method that requires "careful training, guidelines, and supervision" and a positive relationship with communities, thus linking it to community policing.

This is a document about Crime in New York City
  The broken windows theory is a criminological theory of the norm-setting and signalling effect of urban disorder and vandalism on additional crime and anti-social behavior. The theory states that maintaining and monitoring urban environments in a well-ordered condition may stop further vandalism and escalation into more serious crime.

This is a document about Broken windows theory
  James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling first introduced the broken windows theory in an article titled "Broken Windows", in the March 1982 issue of The Atlantic Monthly. "Social psychologists and police officers tend to agree that if a window in a building is broken and is left unrepaired, all the rest of the windows will soon be broken. This is as true in nice neighborhoods as in rundown ones. Window-breaking does not necessarily occur on a large scale because some areas are inhabited by determined window-breakers whereas others are populated by window-lovers; rather, one un-repaired broken window is a signal that no one cares, and so breaking more windows costs nothing. (It has always been fun.)" The article received a great deal

This is a document about Crime prevention through environmental design
 The "broken windows" theory, put forth by James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling in 1982, explored the impact that visible deterioration and neglect in neighborhoods have on behavior. Property maintenance was added as a CPTED strategy on par with surveillance, access control and territoriality. The Broken Windows theory may go hand in hand with CPTED. Crime is attracted to the areas that are not taken care of or abandoned.  CPTED adds a pride of ownership feeling to the community. With no more "broken windows" in certain neighborhoods, crime will continue to decline and eventually fall out completely. ; Canadian academicians Patricia and Paul Brantingham published Environmental Criminology in 1981. According to the authors, a crime takes place when all of the essential elements are present. These elements consist of: a law, an offender, a target, and a place. They characterize

This is a document about Environmental criminology
  that place. The broken windows theory is the idea that there is importance to disorder when it comes to assisting and generating crime. General disorder leads to fear from a community, which allows for more crime to be committed because of decreased social control. In other words, an un-fixed broken window will ultimately lead to more broken windows. Smaller problems such as drugs or gangs in a community that are not being actively taken care of by the police cause people to leave these areas out of fear. As the area becomes scarcer in population, the crime will progressively become more serious.

This is a document about Broken windows theory
  Before the introduction of this theory by Wilson and Kelling, Philip Zimbardo, a Stanford psychologist, arranged an experiment testing the broken-window theory in 1969. Zimbardo arranged for an automobile with no license plates and the hood up to be parked idle in a Bronx neighbourhood and a second automobile, in the same condition, to be set up in Palo Alto, California. The car in the Bronx was attacked within minutes of its abandonment. Zimbardo noted that the first "vandals" to arrive were a family—a father, mother, and a young son—who removed the radiator and battery. Within twenty-four hours of its abandonment, everything of value had been stripped from the vehicle. After that, the car's windows were smashed in, parts torn, upholstery ripped, and children were using the car as a playground. At the same time, the vehicle sitting idle in Palo Alto

This is a document about Police brutality in the United States
  Since the 1980s, police departments have adopted the broken windows theory, as advocated by criminologists like George L. Kelling and James Q. Wilson. This theory posits that signs of disorder or decay in neighborhoods (such as broken windows, graffiti, loitering, drug use, prostitution, etc.) create an impression that the area is neglected, thereby leading to further chaos and crime. Therefore, if police departments directly respond to smaller neighborhood issues, they can help prevent larger issues. By the 1990s, police departments had increasingly adopted this philosophy, and they adopted policing methods inspired by it, such as stop-and-frisk in New York City (adopted in 2001). Police departments were empowered to intervene in civilian life and act as moral authorities. Meanwhile, the problems associated with poor living standards were blamed on civilians, rather than political or economic forces. Consequently, police were given the ability to increase arrests, aggressive policing, and harassment of civilians, which further contributed to police brutality and racial profiling.

This is a document about Scanning, Analysis, Response, and Assessment
  SARA was first proposed in 1987 by John E. Eck and William Spelman of the Police Executive Research Forum. Police interventions based on SARA increased as a result of the broken windows theory of crime first proposed in the 1980s.

This is a document about Manhattan Institute for Policy Research
  influence "Broken Windows" had on his thinking as mayor. Giuliani appointed Kelling's intellectual collaborator William J. Bratton as New York City Police Commissioner in 1994, saying, "I chose Bill Bratton because he agreed with the Broken Windows theory". In 1998, George Kelling and Catherine Coles expanded on this idea in their book, Broken Windows: Restoring Order and Reducing Crime in Our Communities, arguing that control of disorderly behavior in public places generally will lead to a significant drop in serious crime. Police chiefs like William Bratton (in both New York and Los Angeles) have implemented "broken windows" and related policies,

The broken windows theory was created by James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling in 1982. It is an urban crime prevention theory that suggests that visible signs of crime, disorder, and anti-social behavior create an environment that encourages further crime and disorder. The theory gained popularity after an article was published in "The Atlantic Monthly" and was later expanded into a book in 1996. The theory suggests that preventing minor crimes such as vandalism and fare evasion can help create a more orderly and peaceful environment, which in turn can help prevent more serious crimes.


Question: who is the guy who does movie trailers

Answer: Donald Leroy LaFontaine

This is a document about Don LaFontaine
 Don LaFontaine Donald Leroy LaFontaine (August 26, 1940 – September 1, 2008) was an American voice actor who recorded more than 5,000 film trailers and hundreds of thousands of television advertisements, network promotions, and video game trailers. He became identified with the phrase "In a world...", used in so many movie trailers that it became a cliché. Widely known in the film industry, the man whose nicknames included "Thunder Throat" and "The Voice of God", became known to a wider audience through commercials for GEICO insurance and the Mega Millions lottery game. LaFontaine was born on August 26, 1940, in

This is a document about Trailer (promotion)
  there are noteworthy stars that could help sell the movie.  Voice-over narration is sometimes used to briefly set up the premise of the film and provide explanation when necessary, although this practice has declined in the years after the passing of voice-over artist Don LaFontaine. Since the trailer is a highly condensed format, voice-over is a useful tool to enhance the audience's understanding of the plot. Some of the best-known, modern-day trailer voice-over artists have been the aforementioned LaFontaine, Hal Douglas, Mark Elliott, John Leader, Corey Burton, George DelHoyo, Peter Cullen, Morgan Freeman, Ashton Smith, Jim Cummings, John Garry, Tom

This is a document about Screen Junkies
  writer of Honest Trailers is Spencer J. Gilbert, who also appears on Movie Fights. Other writers include Dan Murrell (which ultimately left after the Honest Trailer for Cats), Joe Starr, Danielle Radford, and Lon Harris. A spinoff of Honest Trailers focused on video games, Honest Game Trailers, was also created in partnership with the Smosh Games YouTube channel (at the time, also owned by Defy Media), before relocating to the Fandom Games channel upon Screen Junkies' acquisition by Fandom. Honest Game Trailers was initially also narrated by Jon Bailey, before being replaced by Brad Venable, only for Bailey to return to the series after Venable's death in 2020.

This is a document about Cardiak
 "The Trailer" (produced with Frank Dukes)

This is a document about Trailers from Hell
  Trailers from Hell (branded as Trailers from Hell!) is a web series in which filmmakers discuss and promote individual movies through commenting on their trailers. While the series emphasizes horror, science fiction, fantasy, cult, and exploitation cinema, films from a wide variety of genres have been covered. Trailers from Hell launched as a website in October 2007, as a collaborative project by film director Joe Dante, new media entrepreneur Jonas Hudson, graphic artist Charlie Largent, web developer Tom Edgar, and producer Elizabeth Stanley. It also premiered at SXSW in 2009.

This is a document about Pitch trailer
  In the filmmaking industry, a pitch trailer, also known as a Concept Trailer or Proof Of Concept Trailer, is a movie trailer produced independently by the filmmaker for the sole purpose of illustrating the concept, style and theme of a feature film. Pitch trailers can be used by film directors, producers or executive producers during the film's planning, crowdfunding or fundraising phase. They are often self-financed and are structured and edited to appear like an ordinary feature film trailer. Pitch trailers are most commonly presented to financiers as a part of the film's pitch. Sometimes, these trailers are used for casting purposes and marketing purposes as well.

This is a document about Golden Trailer Awards
  The Golden Trailer Awards are an American annual award show for film trailers founded in 2009. The awards also honor the best work in all areas of film and video game marketing, including posters, television advertisements and other media, in 108 categories. It has been called "the Hollywood Awards show for the post-MTV era" and by its founders as celebrating "the people who condense 120 minutes into a two-minute minor opus."

This is a document about Trailer music
  (12 times), Rudy (12 times), Crimson Tide (11 times), The Matrix (11 times), T2: Judgement Day (10 times). ; Popular or well-known music, often chosen for its tone, appropriateness of a lyric, or familiarity. ; Classical music, such as Strauss's The Blue Danube (The Waterboy), Mozart's Requiem (Cliffhanger), Beethoven's 9th symphony (Die Hard), or Carmina Burana (Glory). ; Specially composed music. One of the most famous Hollywood trailer music composers, credited with creating the musical voice of contemporary trailers, is John Beal, who began scoring trailers in the 1970s and, in the course of a thirty-year career, created original music for over 2,000 movie trailer

This is a document about Lluther
  In 2012 Owens took a break from touring. He began composing and producing for Movie Trailers between 2012 and 2015. His music has been used in the theatrical trailers for Thor Dark World, The Edge of Tomorrow, San Andreas, Tomorrowland, The Lone Ranger as well as TV and Movies around the world. Since 2015, Owens and Lluther have been silent.

This is a document about Trailer (promotion)
   A trailer (also known as a preview or coming attraction video) is a commercial advertisement, originally for a feature film that is going to be exhibited in the future at a movie theater/cinema. It is a product of creative and technical work. Movie trailers have now become popular on DVDs and Blu-ray discs, as well as on the Internet and mobile devices. Of some 10 billion videos watched online annually, film trailers rank third, after news and user-created video. The trailer format has been adopted as a promotional tool for television shows, video games, books, and theatrical events/concerts.

This is a document about Andrew J. Kuehn
  Top trailer companies have all been run by former Kaleidoscope creatives, like The Cimarron Group (Chris Arnold), Ant Farm, Aspect Ratio (Mark Trugman), Trailer Park (Benedict Coulter) and Motor Entertainment, run by Greg McClatchy, who previously headed up the film marketing division at 20th Century Fox. Michael Camp headed the trailer department at Paramount Pictures, Tom Kennedy at MGM, Jeff Werner and Vince Arcaro all started their own successful trailer companies and Bob Harper began his career as a messenger at Kaleidoscope before becoming a producer and quickly Vice-Chairman of Fox Filmed Entertainment and, in 2007, Chairman of Regency Entertainment. Top industry trailer composer John Beal credits his career success to the thirty-year collaboration with Kuehn and their revolutionary approach of creating original

This is a document about Chris Gibbin
  In addition to the videos, the Viners participated in a cross-platform campaign consisting of branded Vines to help support the series. On the heels of their early success with Date Night Fails, Chris and his agency again teamed up with Regal Cinemas in 2014 to create and produce two separate ongoing branded web series for the theatre chain: The Regalist and The Trailer. The Regalist, starring stand-up comedian Baron Vaughn, utilizes the themes and characteristics of upcoming films as the justification for a list of top movie moments in film history (e.g. "Top 7 Creepiest Dolls in Movies"). The Trailer is a weekly movie talk show hosted by comedians Yassir Lester and Erin Gibson.

This is a document about Trailer (promotion)
  A book trailer is a video advertisement for a book which employs techniques similar to those of movie trailers to promote books and encourage readers. These trailers can also be referred to as "video-podcasts", with higher quality trailers being called "cinematic book trailers". They are circulated on television and online in most common digital video formats. Common formats of book trailers include actors performing scenes from the book akin to a movie trailer, full production trailers, flash videos, animation or simple still photos set to music with text conveying the story. This differs from author readings and interviews, which consist of video footage of the author narrating a portion of their writing or being interviewed. Early book trailers consisted mostly of still images of the book, with some videos incorporating actors, with John Farris's book trailer

This is a document about Memento (film)
  Jonathan Nolan designed the film's official website. As with the marketing strategy of The Blair Witch Project, the website was intended to provide further clues and hints to introduce the story, while not providing any concrete information. After a short intro on the website, the viewer is shown a newspaper clipping detailing Leonard's murder of Teddy. Clicking on highlighted words in the article leads to more material describing the film, including Leonard's notes and photographs as well as police reports. The filmmakers employed another tactic by sending out Polaroid pictures to random people, depicting a bloody and shirtless Leonard pointing at an unmarked spot on his chest. Since Newmarket distributed the film themselves, Christopher Nolan edited the film's trailers himself. Sold to inexpensive cable-TV channels like Bravo and A&E, and websites such as Yahoo and MSN, the trailers were key to the film gaining widespread public notice.

This is a document about Trailer (promotion)
  For popular movies, fans often make trailers on their own. These are unofficial videos by fans utilizing audio or video of a movie, studio trailer, animation techniques or fan-acted scenes replacing the video of the official trailer.

This is a document about Teaser campaign
  A teaser trailer is a short video segment related to an upcoming film, television program, video game, or similar, that is usually released long in advance of the product, so as to "tease" the audience; an early example of the teaser trailer was the one for the 1978 Superman film by Richard Donner, which was designed to re-invigorate interest on the part of potential movie-goers, for a film whose release had been delayed. Film teasers are usually made for big-budget and popularly themed movies. Their purpose is less to tell the audience about a movie's content than simply to let them know that the movie is coming up in the near future, and

This is a document about Trailer (promotion)
  Another common technique is including music on the trailer which does not appear on the movie's soundtrack. This is nearly always a requirement, as trailers and teasers are created long before the composer has even been hired for the film score—sometimes as much as a year ahead of the movie's release date—while composers are usually the last creative people to work on the film. Some trailers that incorporate material not in the film are particularly coveted by collectors, especially trailers for classic films. For example, in a trailer for Casablanca the character Rick Blaine says, "OK, you asked for it!" before shooting Major Strasser; this line of dialogue is not spoken in the final film.

This is a document about The Girl in the Yellow Jumper
  The film was edited by Loukman Ali, who is also known to be skillfull at blending Computer Generated Imagery (CGI) created with cinema4d into his shots. The first teaser trailer was dropped on Apr 5, 2019 which was a viral hit and an attention seeking one, since it was well done trailer.

This is a document about The Movie Guys
  The Movie Guys is an entertainment and comedy brand from Los Angeles, California. It started with a website in 2009 founded by Paul Preston featuring movie reviews and articles and soon expanded to comedy videos, podcasts, live shows and event hosting. From 2017 to the present, The Movie Guys have produced two podcasts: The TMG Interview, featuring Preston one-on-one with filmmakers and The Ford Fiesta, in which Preston and Adam Witt breakdown every Harrison Ford movie, in order.

Don LaFontaine was a well-known American film trailer voice actor who recorded thousands of movie trailers, television promos, and video game trailers. He was known for his distinctive voice and the catchphrases "In a world...," "Through the magic of...," and "Movie magic." He passed away in 2008.


Question: what comes after purple belt in jiu jitsu

Answer: brown belt

This is a document about Brazilian jiu-jitsu ranking system
 that students be at least 18 years old and recommends they have spent a minimum of 18 months as a purple belt to be eligible for a brown belt. As with many other martial arts, the black belt is the highest common belt within Brazilian jiu-jitsu, denoting an expert level of technical and practical skills. Brazilian jiu-jitsu black belts are often addressed within the art as "professor", although some schools and organizations reserve this honorific for more senior black belt holders. The IBJJF requires that a student be at least 19 years old and recommends they have spent a minimum

This is a document about Tim Carpenter (fighter)
 Headquarters for several years as well as one of the top competitors for the team winning numerous grappling and Jiu Jitsu titles including 2004 purple belt Pan American Jiu Jitsu Champion 2004 Arnold World Gracie Jiu Jitsu Champion Purple belt 2004 IBJJF US national silver medalist 2005 IBJJF Brown Belt USA vs. Brazil Champion 2005 Arnold World Gracie Jiu Jitsu Champion Brown Belt 2005 Gracie Worlds Submission wrestling Champion Multiple Time Grapplers Quest Champion NAGA Champion 2007 Abu Dhabi Submission Wrestling world Championship Invitee and semi finalist After years of competing in and winning some of the top Jiu Jitsu

This is a document about Jeremy Arel
 career in Brazilian Jiu Jitsu when he joined an Alliance Jiu Jitsu affiliate in Charlotte, NC. He achieved the rank of purple belt under the guidance of the late Luis Togno. After several additional years of training in a no-gi combat style jiu jitsu, Arel made the decision to make Brazilian Jiu Jitsu his life’s work and dedicate himself full-time to attaining the rank of black belt. In 2009 Arel moved to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and achieved the rank of brown belt under the legendary Gracie Barra black belt Roberto “Gordo” Correa. After a brief return home he once

This is a document about Leandro Vieira
 a 3rd-Degree Black Belt in Brazilian jiu-jitsu. 1999 - 1st place Blue Belt Feather Weight at the Brazilian Nationals
 2000 - 3rd place Purple Belt Feather Weight at the World jiu-jitsu Championship
 2002 - 1st place Brown Belt at the Regional Paulista jiu-jitsu Championship
 2010 - 3rd place Black Belt Absolute Division at Submission Ink Grappling Tournament
 2010 - 3rd place Black Belt Master Medium Heavy at the Las Vegas International Open
 2011 - 2nd place Black Belt Master Medium Heavy at the Las Vegas International Open
 One of the most successful teams in contemporary Brazilian jiu-jitsu, Checkmat's worldwide headquarters

This is a document about Ricardo Migliarese
 No-Gi Heavyweight - Champion 2004 Copa Atlantica Brown Belt Heavyweight - Champion 2004 Arnold/Gracie World Championship Brown Belt Open - 3rd Place 2004 Arnold/Gracie World Championship Brown Belt Heavyweight - Champion 2004 Grapplers Quest Beast of the East No-Gi Light Heavyweight - Champion 2002 Arnold/Gracie World Championship Purple Belt Open - Champion 2002 Arnold/Gracie World Championship Purple Belt Heavyweight - Champion 2001 Mat Madness Proving Grounds - 3rd Place 2001 NAGA Garden State Championship Purple Belt - Champion 2001 NAGA Garden State Championships No-Gi - Champion 1997 Annual Gracie Jiu-Jitsu Tournament - Gold Medalist 1996 Annual Gracie Jiu-Jitsu Tournament -

This is a document about Chad George
 had an accomplished career in Brazilian jiu-jitsu. In 2010, George won his first Brazilian IBJJF Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) no-gi world championship as a blue belt. In 2012, George captured the purple belt no-gi world title, and then later in 2014 he won the IBJJF no-gi brown belt world championship. In 2016 Chad received his Black Belt in Brazilian Jiu Jitsu. George made his professional MMA debut in April 2005. In his WEC debut, George defeated John Hosman at WEC 45 on December 19, 2009 via unanimous decision. In his second fight for the promotion, George faced Scott Jorgensen at WEC 47,

This is a document about Nick Diaz
 indict Diaz after there were inconsistencies found with the victim's story. Diaz is a Brazilian jiu-jitsu black belt under Cesar Gracie whom he has been training with since he was a teenager. He is accomplished in both gi and no-gi jiu-jitsu. Some of the major titles he has won include the US Purple Belt Open in 2004 and a Pan-American Brown Belt Medium Weight Division title in 2005. He also owns a victory over renowned grappler Jorge Patino in competition via kneebar. He is known for having a modified BJJ style that suits his MMA career very well. Diaz lists

This is a document about João Roque
 João Roque João Roque (born July 22, 1971) is a Portuguese-Angolan former featherweight Brazilian Jiu Jitsu (BJJ) black belt World Champion and a retired mixed martial artist. He competed in the Featherweight division in MMA (Mixed Martial Arts). His first coaches of BJJ were Marcio Pinheiro and Gerson Velasco, and he stayed under their guidance until he was a purple belt. It was under prestigious Osvaldo Alves, a Brazilian Jiu Jitsu Red Belt and a legend in the sport of BJJ, that Joao Roque graduated to brown belt. When Master Oswaldo had to move to Manaus Roque joined André Pederneiras,

This is a document about Brazilian jiu-jitsu ranking system
 considered qualified to help instruct lower-ranked students. The IBJJF requires students to be at least 16 years old and recommends they have spent a minimum of two years ranked as a blue belt to be eligible for a purple belt, with slightly different requirements for those graduating directly from the youth belts. Aside from the exceptional belts awarded at the highest levels, brown belt is the highest ranking color belt in Brazilian jiu-jitsu. Brown belt typically requires at least five years of dedicated training to achieve. It is often thought of as a time for refining techniques. The IBJJF requires

This is a document about Michael Langhi
 Michael Langhi Michael Langhi born 2nd April 1985 in Sao Carlos, Sao Paulo, Brazil is a Brazilian Jiu Jitsu (BJJ) 3x World Championship Champion and 1x World No-Gi Championship Champion. Langhi is one of a select group of fighters to have won all 4 major Gi Championships more than once – World Championship x3, European Open Championship x6, Pan Jiu-Jitsu Championship x2 and Brazilian Nationals Championship x4. Langhi began training in 2002 under Rubens Charles at his academy in Sao Carlos. Prior to receiving his Black Belt Langhi was also a multiple World Champion at Blue, Purple and Brown Belt

This is a document about Brazilian jiu-jitsu ranking system
 of 1 year ranked as a brown belt to be eligible for a black belt. The black belt itself has six different degrees of expertise. When a Brazilian jiu-jitsu black belt reaches the seventh degree, he or she is awarded an alternating red-and-black belt similar to the one earned at the sixth degree in Judo. This belt is commonly known as a coral belt. Coral belts are very experienced practitioners, most of whom have made a large impact on Brazilian jiu-jitsu, and are often addressed within the art by the title "master". The International Brazilian jiu-jitsu Federation in 2013, amended

This is a document about Ricardo Migliarese
 of only 28 people to receive this honor from Relson who is notorious for being very hard on promotions. In 1999, Rick traveled out of the country for the first time - to Brazil for the Mundials. He won the silver medal in the Blue Belt division to start what would be a successful and impressive professional career. Highlights of his record include: Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu World Championships "1999 Blue Belt - 2nd Place USA vs Brazil Championship "2004 Brown Belt - Champion Pan American Jiu-Jitsu Championships "2008 Black Belt - 3rd Place" "2004 Brown Belt - 1st place Champion" "2002

This is a document about Caio Terra
 Caio Terra Caio Terra (born 1986 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) is a Brazilian Jiu Jitsu (BJJ) competitor and world champion. Caio began training Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu in 2003 and received his black belt in 2006 making his promotion to black belt one of the quickest recorded in Brazilian Jiu Jitsu. His promotion “landed” on the same year in which the IBJJF set minimum time frames for each belt, making it mandatory for a brown belt to stay in this belt division for a minimum of 1 year before being promoted. As Caio had not hit the time frame outlined by

This is a document about Jorge Britto
 Championship Middleweight Silver Medalist (Black Belt Adult) 5x Rio-State Champion 2006 Brazilian National Bronze Medalist (Black Belt) 2x Brazilian National Silver Medalist (Brown Belt) Jorge Britto Jorge Britto is a Brazilian professional mixed martial artist and Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu black belt, practitioner and instructor. He holds a Bachelor's degree in Physical Education, and is currently the head Jiu-Jitsu instructor at Toronto BJJ. 3rd Degree Black Belt under Vini Aieta (Gracie Tijuca) / Royler Gracie / Saulo Ribeiro 2010 ADCC European Championships 76.9 kg division Champion 2009 IBJJF World No-GI Jiu-Jitsu Championship Middleweight Silver Medalist (Black Belt Master) Open Weight Champion (Black

This is a document about Mike Easton
 in Brazilian jiu-jitsu under the tutelage of Lloyd Irvin. Easton was also a World Kickboxing Association World Champion and WKA U.S. National Champion, and won a bronze medal at the 2008 Brown Belt Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Mundials. Easton made his professional debut in 2003 for Reality Fighting at the age of 20. He fought and defeated Anibal Torres via unanimous decision. Almost a year after his debut, Easton returned to defeat Jason Taylor, again winning the fight via unanimous decision. In 2007, Easton was awarded his black belt in Brazilian jiu-jitsu under Lloyd Irvin. That year Easton also lost for the

This is a document about Michael Westbrook
 285 receptions for 4,374 yards and 26 touchdowns. He also rushed 22 times for 160 yards and one touchdown. Westbrook practiced martial arts during his football playing career, and entered Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu after retirement from the NFL in 2002. He has won national and Pan-American events as a brown belt. In 2008, he won the International Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Federation ("IBJJF") World Championship at brown belt. Westbrook said of jiu-jitsu, "This is a lot easier and a lot more fun [than football]. I don't have to worry about coaches and it's not nearly as dangerous. I don't have to worry about

This is a document about Fábio Santos
 friend, Kimo Leopoldo. Fabio Santos is featured in "MMA Sports" magazine, where he has a column called "Jiu-Jitsu 101". It is widely believed that Dean Lister received his black belt from Santos, since Santos was Lister's jiu-jitsu instructor up to brown belt. However, it was Santos's student Jeffrey Higgs. Was actually Rodrigo Salazar awarded by Fabio Santos with his black belt in 2011. Mitsuyo "Count Koma" Maeda → Carlos Gracie, Sr. → Helio Gracie → Rickson Gracie → Fábio Santos Fábio Santos Fábio Santos (born April 4, 1956) is a Brazilian jiu-jitsu practitioner and instructor. Santos graduated with a BA

This is a document about Fernando "Tererê" Augusto
 him the techniques and principles of jiu-jitsu. The first big victory for him was when in 1994 he won the Brazilian Championship. In 1997 he won the World Championship (Mundials) as a blue belt. In 1998 Professor Couto awarded Tererê with a purple belt, who later that year won the open weight division in the Mundials. A year later Fernando received a brown belt from professor Paiva and won the Mundials in his weight division (under 181 lbs), beating 2000 champion and future UFC lightweight champion BJ Penn in the semi-final. Some time after the competition professor Fabio Gurgel invited

This is a document about Brazilian jiu-jitsu ranking system
  Purple belt is the intermediate adult ranking in Brazilian jiu-jitsu. The purple belt level practitioner has gained a large amount of knowledge and purple belts are generally considered qualified to help instruct lower-ranked students. The IBJJF requires students to be at least 16 years old and recommends they have spent a minimum of two years ranked as a blue belt to be eligible for a purple belt, with slightly different requirements for those graduating directly from the youth belts. The IBJJF requires a practitioner remain a purple belt for a minimum of 18 months prior to achieving a brown belt.

The next rank after a purple belt in Brazilian jiu-jitsu is a brown belt.


Question: who was the president during spanish american war

Answer: McKinley

This is a document about Spanish–American War
 office, however, the Spanish refused to take part in the negotiations. In 1897 McKinley appointed Stewart L. Woodford as the new minister to Spain, who again offered to negotiate a peace. In October 1897, the Spanish government still refused the United States offer to negotiate between the Spanish and the Cubans, but promised the U.S. it would give the Cubans more autonomy. However, with the election of a more liberal Spanish government in November, Spain began to change their policies in Cuba. First, the new Spanish government told the United States that it was willing to offer a change in

This is a document about Battle of Santiago de Cuba
 the publication of a private letter by the Spanish Minister Enrique Dupuy de Lôme critical of President William McKinley and by the destruction of the American battleship , for which a naval court of inquiry and American yellow journalism blamed Spain. Cuban revolutionaries had staged revolts against Spanish colonial authority in the Ten Years' War (1868–1878), the Little War (1879–1880), and the Cuban War of Independence (1895–1898). During the latter, Spanish General Valeriano Weyler established a policy called reconcentration, in which Spanish forces gathered Cubans who lived in the countryside and centralized them in camps where they could be monitored.

This is a document about Spanish–American War
 William Jennings Bryan, who had supported the war. The American public largely supported the possession of colonies, but there were many outspoken critics such as Mark Twain, who wrote "The War Prayer" in protest. Roosevelt returned to the United States a war hero, and he was soon elected governor of New York and then became the vice president. At the age of 42 he became the youngest man to become President after the assassination of President William McKinley. The war served to further repair relations between the American North and South. The war gave both sides a common enemy for

This is a document about Women in the military by country
 star in the Buffalo Bill Show, wrote a letter to President William McKinley on April 5, 1898 "offering the government the services of a company of 50 'lady sharpshooters' who would provide their own arms and ammunition should war break out with Spain." The Spanish–American War did occur, but Oakley's offer was not accepted. During World War I, 21,498 U.S. Army nurses (military nurses were all women then) served in military hospitals in the United States and overseas. Eighteen African-American Army nurses served stateside caring for German prisoners of war (POWs) and African-American soldiers; after the Armistice, Nov. 11, 1918,

This is a document about Dewey Monument
 Dewey Monument The Dewey Monument is a memorial statue in San Francisco, California, located at the center of Union Square. Union Square is bounded by Geary, Powell, Post and Stockton Streets. The monument is dedicated to Admiral George Dewey and commemorates his victory in the Battle of Manila Bay during the Spanish–American War. Work on the monument began in 1901 and it was dedicated in 1903. The monument was erected to honor Admiral George Dewey, a hero of the Spanish–American War, for his victory in the Battle of Manila Bay. On May 23, 1901, President President William McKinley visited San

This is a document about Joseph B. Foraker
 factional leadership were won by Charles Dick, a four-term congressman who had received favorable publicity due to his Spanish–American War service. Dick was able to work out an accommodation with Foraker's faction and was thereafter considered the leader of Ohio's Republican "stand-patters", who saw no immediate need for social change. In the year between his swearing-in and the 1898 Spanish–American War, Foraker was an enthusiastic supporter of Cuban independence from Spain. A special session of Congress, called at the request of President McKinley, met beginning in March 1897 to consider new tariff legislation; hawkish senators, including Foraker (who was made

This is a document about Old Stone Barracks
 Own," was stationed at Plattsburgh. Their nickname was bestowed upon them during their years at Plattsburgh by President William Mckinley, who when frequently summering nearby at the luxurious Hotel Champlain, would often visit the Post to review the troops and attend performances by the unit's band. From their barracks here, the unit would be dispatched to see action in the Spanish–American War in 1898, as well as the Philippine–American War the following year. Following its return from duty in Cuba, the 15th Infantry was stationed here from 1899 to 1902 prior to its deployment to China and the Philippines. In

This is a document about Spanish–American War Memorial (Columbus, Ohio)
 Spanish–American War Memorial (Columbus, Ohio) The Spanish–American War Memorial (also known as Memorial to National Auxiliary United Spanish War Veterans, or simply Memorial to Spanish War Veterans) is a 1937 memorial commemorating veterans of the Spanish–American War, installed in Columbus, Ohio's Battelle Riverfront Park, in the United States. The memorial, dedicated in August 1937, features a bronze relief plaque depicting a soldier holding a rifle. The plaque measures approximately 48.5 x 22 x 19 inches. One inscription reads: "YOU TRIUMPHED OVER OBSTACLES / WHICH WOULD HAVE OVERCOME MEN / LESS BRAVE AND DETERMINED" / PRESIDENT McKINLEY". Another reads, "THE HIKER'98",

This is a document about Calle de la Candelaria
 as: Edificio de la Aduana, Fundición Simón Carlo, Parque Suau, Correo Central de Mayagüez, Escuela David Farragut, Teatro Yagüez, Centro Cultural Baudilio Vega Berríos, Alcaldía de Mayagüez, Plaza Colón and Catedral Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria. The street is named after Virgin of Candelaria, honored as saint patron of Mayagüez. Its name was changed after the American occupation of Mayaguez during the Puerto Rican Campaign of the Spanish–American War, when was renamed McKinley Street in honor of the U.S. President who governed during the invasion of Puerto Rico. In recent years after renaming the former "Post Street" as Calle Ramón

This is a document about A Message to Garcia (1936 film)
 A Message to Garcia (1936 film) A Message to Garcia is a 1936 American war film directed by George Marshall and starring Wallace Beery and Barbara Stanwyck, John Boles and Alan Hale, Sr.. The film is inspired by the 1899 essay "A Message to Garcia" by Elbert Hubbard, loosely based on an incident during the Spanish–American War. The essay had previously been made into a 1916 silent film "A Message to Garcia". Agent Rowan carries a message from President McKinley to General Garcia the leader of a rebellion against Spanish rule on the island of Cuba during the time of

This is a document about Warren Whitside
 answer to President William McKinley’s call to service during the Spanish–American War. He was commissioned a Second Lieutenant of Cavalry in 1899, and served for the next seven years as a lieutenant in the 10th Cavalry and 15th Cavalry Regiments. In 1906 he was promoted to Captain of Quartermaster Corps, and for the next 33 years he served in a variety of command and key leadership positions within the Quartermaster field. Colonel Whitside served on numerous campaigns including the Spanish–American War in 1898; the Cuban Occupation from 1899 to 1902 with service as the aide-de-camp to his father, the Commanding

This is a document about Mark Hanna
 by making him vice president. Roosevelt was a popular choice in any event because of his well-publicized service during the Spanish–American War, and Platt had little trouble persuading state delegations to vote for Roosevelt after McKinley's renomination. Quay was a close Platt ally in the effort to make Roosevelt vice president. Hanna, who felt Roosevelt was overly impulsive, did not want him on the ticket, but did not realize that the efforts were serious until he was already at the convention in Philadelphia. As many of the delegates were political appointees, Hanna hoped to persuade McKinley to use patronage to

This is a document about Spain–United States relations
 President William McKinley had appointed Stewart L. Woodford to the post of Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Spain, in a last attempt to convince the Spanish government to sell its colonies. Spain refused and severed diplomatic relations with the U.S. on April 21, 1898. The War was the first conflict in which military action was precipitated by media involvement. The war grew out of U.S. interest in a fight for revolution between the Spanish military and citizens of their Cuban colony. American yellow press fanned the flames of interest in the war by fabricating atrocities during the Cuban War

This is a document about Conflicts with Ohio participation
 the War of the Rebellion. The Ohio River was a vital artery for troop and supply movements, as were Ohio's railroads. Ohio provided numerous senior commanders to the United States Army during the war. The experience of war shaped more than a generation of citizens. Five Buckeye veterans later served as President of the United States. The Spanish–American War broke out in 1898 while former Ohio Governor William McKinley was the President of the United States. Over 15,000 Ohioans participated in the military aspects of the war, losing 230 soldiers in the conflict, mostly because of disease. When World War

This is a document about William Jennings Bryan presidential campaign, 1900
 William Jennings Bryan presidential campaign, 1900 The 1900 United States presidential election took place after an economic recovery from the Panic of 1893 as well as after the Spanish–American War, with the economy, foreign policy, and imperialism being the main issues of the campaign. Ultimately, the incumbent U.S. President William McKinley ended up defeating the anti-imperialist William Jennings Bryan and thus won a second four-year term in office. Initially, Admiral George Dewey was the front-runner for the 1900 Democratic presidential nomination after his 1898 victory at the Battle of Manila Bay (during the Spanish–American War). However, the fact that he

This is a document about Puerto Ricans in Holyoke
 was a former congressman from Lowell and Assistant Secretary of the Navy during the Spanish–American War who was appointed to head the island's new government by President McKinley, whom he had accompanied to Mount Tom two years earlier. During his visit Allen touted the construction of roads which had been completed with no-bid contracts as a resounding success, while also praising the tariff situation around the island's sugar industry as ideal. He would also emphasize the sugar growing capacity of the island and lament that less than half of the island's arable land was in production. During his short tenure

This is a document about John Jacob Astor IV
 the Volunteer Army in November 1898. During the war, he allowed his yacht "Nourmahal" to be used by the U.S. government. He appeared in the films "President McKinley's Inspection of Camp Wikoff" (1898) and "Col. John Jacob Astor, Staff and Veterans of the Spanish–American War" (1899). As a result of his military service, Astor was entitled to the Spanish Campaign Medal. After the war, Astor was often referred to as "Colonel Astor." Astor was a member of several military and hereditary societies. He was an early member of the New York Society of Colonial Wars and was assigned membership number

This is a document about A Message to Garcia (1936 film)
 American Empire". Morgantown WV: West Virginia University Press, 2016. A Message to Garcia (1936 film) A Message to Garcia is a 1936 American war film directed by George Marshall and starring Wallace Beery and Barbara Stanwyck, John Boles and Alan Hale, Sr.. The film is inspired by the 1899 essay "A Message to Garcia" by Elbert Hubbard, loosely based on an incident during the Spanish–American War. The essay had previously been made into a 1916 silent film "A Message to Garcia". Agent Rowan carries a message from President McKinley to General Garcia the leader of a rebellion against Spanish rule

This is a document about Grand Army of the Republic
  Spanish–American War and the Philippine Insurrection) and the later American Legion (for the First World War and later expanded to include subsequent World War II, Korean, Vietnam and Middle Eastern wars). The G.A.R.'s political power grew during the latter part of the 19th century, and it helped elect several United States presidents, beginning with the 18th, Ulysses S. Grant, and ending with the 25th, William McKinley. Six Civil War veterans (Grant, Rutherford B. Hayes, James A. Garfield, Chester A. Arthur; Benjamin Harrison, and McKinley) were elected President of the United States; all were Republicans. (The sole post-war Democratic president was

This is a document about List of Medal of Honor recipients
  The Spanish–American War (Spanish: Guerra Hispano-Estadounidense, desastre del 98, Guerra Hispano-Cubana-Norteamericana or Guerra de Cuba) was a military conflict between Spain and the United States that began in April 1898. Hostilities halted in August of that year, and the Treaty of Paris was signed in December. The war began after the American demand for Spain's peacefully resolving the Cuban fight for independence was rejected, though strong expansionist sentiment in the United States may have motivated the government to target Spain's remaining overseas territories: Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Philippines, Guam and the Caroline Islands. Riots in Havana by pro-Spanish "Voluntarios" gave the United States reason

William McKinley was the president during the Spanish-American War.