Question: when was the monopoly of east india company in trade brought under the control of british crown

Answer: 1858

This is a document about East India Company
 to rule large areas of India with its private armies, exercising military power and assuming administrative functions. Company rule in India effectively began in 1757 and lasted until 1858, when, following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the Government of India Act 1858 led to the British Crown's assuming direct control of the Indian subcontinent in the form of the new British Raj. Despite frequent government intervention, the company had recurring problems with its finances. It was dissolved in 1874 as a result of the East India Stock Dividend Redemption Act passed one year earlier, as the Government of India Act

This is a document about Nawabs of Bengal and Murshidabad
 Bengal was brought under direct control of the British. In 1793, when the "Nizamat" (military power and criminal justice) of the Nawab was also taken away from them, they remained as the mere pensioners of the British East India Company. After the Revolt of 1857, Company rule in India ended and the British Crown took over the territories which were under the direct rule of the British East India Company in 1858, which marked the beginning of the British Raj. These territories, including the territory of the Nawab Nazims came under the direct rule of the British Crown and British

This is a document about Mughal Empire
 part of former Mughal India was under the East India Company's control. After a crushing defeat in the war of 1857–1858 which he nominally led, the last Mughal, Bahadur Shah Zafar, was deposed by the British East India Company and exiled in 1858. Through the Government of India Act 1858 the British Crown assumed direct control of East India Company-held territories in India in the form of the new British Raj. In 1876 the British Queen Victoria assumed the title of Empress of India. Historians have offered numerous explanations for the rapid collapse of the Mughal Empire between 1707 and

This is a document about Colonial India
 Olson concludes that the East India Company's attempt to annexe and expand its direct control of India, by arbitrary laws such as Doctrine of Lapse, combined with employment discrimination against Indians, contributed to the 1857 Rebellion. The East India Company officers lived like princes, the company finances were in shambles, and the company's effectiveness in India was examined by the British crown after 1858. As a result, the East India Company lost its powers of government and British India formally came under direct British rule, with an appointed Governor-General of India. The East India Company was dissolved the following year

This is a document about Government of India Act 1858
 Government of India Act 1858 The Government of India Act 1858 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (21 & 22 Vict. c. 106) passed on August 2, 1858. Its provisions called for the liquidation of the British East India Company (who had up to this point been ruling British India under the auspices of Parliament) and the transference of its functions to the British Crown. Lord Palmerston, then-Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, introduced a bill for the transfer of control of the Government of India from the East India Company to the Crown, referring to

This is a document about Independence Day (Pakistan)
 songs. A number of award ceremonies are often held on this day, and Pakistanis hoist the national flag atop their homes or display it prominently on their vehicles and attire. The area constituting Pakistan was historically a part of the British Indian Empire throughout much of the nineteenth century. The East India Company begun their trade in South Asia in the 17th century, and the company rule started from 1757 when they won the Battle of Plassey. Following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the Government of India Act 1858 led to the British Crown assuming direct control over much of

This is a document about 2nd Regiment, Royal Horse Artillery
 brigades did not exist as an organizational or operational grouping of batteries until 1 July 1859 when the Horse Brigade, Royal Artillery was formed. As a result of the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the British Crown took direct control of India from the East India Company on 1 November 1858 under the provisions of the Government of India Act 1858. The Presidency armies transferred to the direct authority of the British Crown and its European units were transferred to the British Army. Henceforth artillery, the mutineers most effective arm, was to be the sole preserve of the British Army (with

This is a document about Pune district
 under the leadership of Mountstuart Elphinstone, in 1818. In 1818, the Pune region and the rest of the Peshwa territories came under the control of the British East India Company. Company rule came to an end when, under the terms of a proclamation issued by Queen Victoria, the Bombay Presidency, Pune and the rest of British India came under the British crown in 1858. The governor of the new territories, Mountstuart Elphinstone, appointed a commissioner and left the district's boundaries almost intact. Elphinstone and other British officers enjoyed Saswad and the fertile valley around it. During the first and second

This is a document about East India Company
 the Indian Mutiny or Sepoy Mutiny) resulted in widespread devastation in India: many condemned the East India Company for permitting the events to occur. In the aftermath of the Rebellion, under the provisions of the Government of India Act 1858, the British Government nationalised the company. The Crown took over its Indian possessions, its administrative powers and machinery, and its armed forces. The company remained in existence in vestigial form, continuing to manage the tea trade on behalf of the British Government (and the supply of Saint Helena) until the East India Stock Dividend Redemption Act 1873 came into effect,

This is a document about I Brigade, Royal Horse Artillery
 did not exist as an organizational or operational grouping of batteries until 1 July 1859 when the Horse Brigade, Royal Artillery was formed. It commanded all the existing horse artillery batteries of the Royal Artillery: As a result of the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the British Crown took direct control of India from the East India Company on 1 November 1858 under the provisions of the Government of India Act 1858. The Presidency armies transferred to the direct authority of the British Crown and its European units were transferred to the British Army. Henceforth artillery, the mutineers most effective arm,

This is a document about Salute state
 East India Company, though the company had established a residency at Bushehr in 1763. It was made subordinate to the Governor of Bombay until 1873. As with the rest of British India, it came under the control of the British Crown in 1858. In 1873, the residency came under the direct control of the British Raj and the India Office. In 1892, it officially assumed a protectorate status over the states of Muscat and Oman, Bahrain and the Trucial States, followed by Kuwait in 1914 and Qatar in 1916. In 1920, the Treaty of Seeb recognised the "de jure" independence

This is a document about Nawabs of Bengal and Murshidabad
 India ended, and all the territories which were under the rule of the British East India Company came under the British Crown in 1858, which marked the beginning of the British Raj. And administrative control of India came under the Indian Civil Service, which had administrative control over all areas in India, except the Princely States. Mansoor Ali Khan (aka Feradun Jah) was the last Nawab of Bengal. During his reign the Nizamat at Murshidabad became involved in debts. The then Government of India involved it into an action of preventing further claims. Feradun Jah left Murshidabad in February 1869

This is a document about Governor-General of India
 to be known as the "Governor-General of India". In 1858, as a consequence of the Indian Mutiny the previous year, the territories and assets of the East India Company came under the direct control of the British Crown; as a consequence the Company Raj was succeeded by the British Raj. The Governor-General (now also the Viceroy) headed the central government of India, which administered the provinces of British India, including the Punjab, Bengal, Bombay, Madras, the United Provinces, and others. However, much of India was not ruled directly by the British Government; outside the provinces of British India, there were

This is a document about I Parachute Battery (Bull's Troop) Royal Horse Artillery
 was assigned to the Horse Brigade, Royal Artillery along with all the existing horse artillery batteries of the Royal Artillery. This was an administrative, rather than tactical, formation. As a result of the Rebellion, the British Crown took direct control of India from the East India Company on 1 November 1858 under the provisions of the Government of India Act 1858. The Presidency armies transferred to the direct authority of the British Crown and its European units were transferred to the British Army. Henceforth artillery, the mutineers most effective arm, was to be the sole preserve of the British Army

This is a document about H Battery (Ramsay's Troop) Royal Horse Artillery
 administrative, rather than tactical, formation. As a result of the Rebellion, the British Crown took direct control of India from the East India Company on 1 November 1858 under the provisions of the Government of India Act 1858. The Presidency armies transferred to the direct authority of the British Crown and its European units were transferred to the British Army. Henceforth artillery, the mutineers most effective arm, was to be the sole preserve of the British Army (with the exception of certain Mountain Artillery batteries). On 19 February 1862, the Horse Brigade RA became the 1st Horse Brigade RA and

This is a document about 6th Regiment, Royal Horse Artillery
 were promptly reformed as European units. As a result of the Rebellion, the British Crown took direct control of India from the East India Company on 1 November 1858 under the provisions of the Government of India Act 1858. The Presidency armies transferred to the direct authority of the British Crown and its European units were transferred to the British Army. Henceforth artillery, the mutineers most effective arm, was to be the sole preserve of the British Army (with the exception of certain Mountain Artillery batteries). On 19 February 1862, the Bengal Horse Artillery transferred to the Royal Artillery as

This is a document about James Douglas (governor)
 generally conceded today to have helped exert control over American miners, and undermine American territorial ambitions toward this part of British North America. Shortly thereafter, the Colonial Office formally ratified Douglas' proclamation of sovereignty and established a new colony encompassing the mainland. After the British Parliament in 1858 created Crown Colony of British Columbia, Douglas was assigned Governor and was asked to resign as Chief Factor of the western portion of the Hudson's Bay Company. The Crown did not renew the Company's trade monopoly on the mainland, nor Douglas' position as Chief Factor. Richard Clement Moody was hand-picked by the

This is a document about History of cricket in India to 1918
  Charter effectively gave it a 21-year monopoly on all trade in the region. In time, the East India Company transformed from a commercial trading venture to one which virtually ruled India as it acquired auxiliary governmental and military functions, until its dissolution in 1858 following the Indian Mutiny. The East India Company was the means by which cricket was introduced into India. In 1639, the Company effectively founded the city of Madras, and in 1661 acquired Portuguese territory on the west coast of India that included Bombay. In 1690, an Anglo-Mughal treaty allowed English merchants to establish a trading settlement on the Hooghly River, which became Calcutta. All of these places became leading centres of cricket as the popularity of the game grew among the native population.

This is a document about Inland Customs Line
  When the Inland Customs Line was first conceived, British India was governed by the East India Company. This situation lasted until 1858 when the responsibility for government of the colony was transferred to the Crown following the events of the Indian Rebellion of 1857. By 1780 Warren Hastings, the Company's Governor-General of India, had brought all salt manufacture in the Bengal Presidency under Company control. This allowed him to increase the ancient salt tax in Bengal from 0.3 rupees per maund (37 kg) to 3.25 rupees per maund by 1788, a rate that it remained at until 1879. This brought in 6,257,470 rupees for the 1784–85 financial year, at a cost to an average Indian family of around

This is a document about Presidencies and provinces of British India
  The East India Company, which was incorporated on 31 December 1600, established trade relations with Indian rulers in Masulipatam on the east coast in 1611 and Surat on the west coast in 1612. The company rented a small trading outpost in Madras in 1639. Bombay, which was ceded to the British Crown by Portugal as part of the wedding dowry of Catherine of Braganza in 1661, was in turn granted to the East India Company to be held in trust for the Crown. Meanwhile, in eastern India, after obtaining permission from the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan to trade with Bengal, the company established its first factory at Hoogly in 1640. Almost a half-century later, after Mughal Emperor Aurengzeb forced the Company out of Hooghly for its tax evasion, Job Charnock purchased three small villages, later renamed Calcutta, in 1686, making it the company's new headquarters. By the mid-18th century, the three principal trading settlements including factories and forts, were then called the Madras Presidency (or the Presidency of Fort St. George), the Bombay Presidency, and the Bengal Presidency (or the Presidency of Fort William) — each administered by a Governor.

The monopoly of the East India Company in trade was brought under the control of the British Crown in 1858 with the passing of the Government of India Act 1858. This act transferred the control of British India from the East India Company to the British Crown.


Question: when did drew brees start playing in the nfl

Answer: 2001

This is a document about Drew Brees
 Drew Brees Drew Christopher Brees (; born January 15, 1979) is an American football quarterback for the New Orleans Saints of the National Football League (NFL). After a successful college football career at Purdue University, he was chosen by the San Diego Chargers with the first pick in the second round of the 2001 NFL Draft. He left college as one of the most decorated players in Purdue and Big Ten Conference history, establishing two NCAA records, 13 Big Ten Conference records, and 19 Purdue University records. , he remains the Big Ten record-holder in several passing categories, including completions

This is a document about Drew Brees
 documentary "Big Ten Icons", featuring the conference's top fifty student-athletes. Brees' college success led to projections that he would be a mid–late first-round draft pick in the 2001 NFL Draft, but he slipped due to concerns about his relatively short stature for a professional quarterback (6'), a perceived lack of arm strength, and a sense that he had succeeded in college in a spread offense. Brees was the second quarterback, behind Michael Vick of Virginia Tech, selected in the 2001 Draft, chosen by the San Diego Chargers as the first pick of the second round and 32nd overall. San Diego

This is a document about 2008 Detroit Lions season
 back Pierre Thomas's 2-yard touchdown run. The Saints then closed out the game’s scoring in the third quarter with quarterback Drew Brees completing 6-yard and 3-yard touchdown passes to wide receiver Marques Colston. With the loss, the Lions became the first team in NFL history to have a record of 0–15. They also became the first team to lose fifteen straight in a single season since the 2001 Carolina Panthers, who won their first game, then lost the remaining 15 to finish 1–15. The 2008 Lions were the last team until the 2017 Browns to start 0–15. For their last

This is a document about Kyle Orton
 chose to attend a program with a stronger passing attack. He committed to Purdue, but considered attending Colorado before ultimately deciding on the former. Orton tied former Purdue quarterback Drew Brees' record for number of passing yards in a game (522 vs. Indiana Hoosiers). That record was broken in 2018 when David Blough threw for 572 yards in a game against University of Missouri. He is the only Purdue quarterback to start four consecutive bowl games (Brees and Mark Herrmann started three straight). Orton started in the 2001, 2002 and 2004 Sun Bowl, and the 2003 Capital One Bowl. During

This is a document about Drew Brees
 play for the Texas Longhorns or Texas A&M Aggies but was not heavily recruited despite his stellar record. Brees received offers from only two colleges, Purdue and Kentucky, choosing Purdue for its highly rated academics. He graduated in 2001 with a degree in industrial management, and is a member of the Sigma Chi fraternity. After a relatively uneventful freshman season, Brees was given his first start during his sophomore year by Boilermakers head coach Joe Tiller and became an integral part of Tiller and Jim Chaney's unorthodox "basketball on grass" spread offense, serving as offensive captain during his junior and

This is a document about Drew Brees
  Drew Christopher Brees (born January 15, 1979) is a former American football quarterback who played in the National Football League (NFL) for 20 seasons. A member of the New Orleans Saints for most of his career, Brees is the NFL leader in career completion percentage, along with being second in career touchdown passes, career passing yards, career pass completions, and career pass attempts. He also holds the record of consecutive games with a touchdown pass, breaking the feat held by Johnny Unitas for 52 years. Brees played college football at Purdue, where he set the Big Ten Conference records for completions, attempts, and yards. Despite his

This is a document about Drew Brees
  In his rookie season, Brees was the backup quarterback to Doug Flutie, who started all 16 games that season. Brees played in his first professional game on November 4, 2001, against the Kansas City Chiefs in Week 8. He came into the game to relieve Flutie, who had suffered a concussion. He finished with 221 passing yards and his first career passing touchdown, a 20-yard pass to Freddie Jones. The game against the Chiefs was Brees's lone appearance as a rookie. On August 19, 2002, he was named the starter for the 2002 season over Doug Flutie. Brees started all 16 games for the Chargers. The

This is a document about Cinderella (sports)
  stadiums; the NBA's New Orleans Hornets temporarily moved to Oklahoma City and played there until the 2007–08 season. The Saints had hired Cowboys assistant head coach Sean Payton as their new head coach and signed former San Diego Chargers quarterback Drew Brees, the 32nd overall pick in the 2001 draft to a six-year deal. With many suspecting that his career was over, Brees was coming off a career-threatening shoulder injury he suffered at the end of the 2005 season that resulted him to be released by the Chargers and received interest by both the Miami Dolphins and Saints to sign Brees.

This is a document about Drew Brees
  success, questions over his height and arm strength caused him to not be selected until the second round of the 2001 NFL Draft by the San Diego Chargers. Brees initially struggled before having a breakout season in 2004, earning him Pro Bowl and Comeback Player of the Year honors. Re-signed to a one-year contract, Brees suffered a potentially career-ending injury the following season, which resulted in the Chargers allowing him to leave in free agency. Joining the Saints, he brought new success to a franchise that had only seven winning seasons, five playoff appearances, and one postseason win during the 39 years prior to his arrival.

This is a document about 2006 New Orleans Saints season
  On January 17, the Saints made their first step in the 2006 offseason by hiring Sean Payton, the former assistant head coach for the Dallas Cowboys, as their new head coach. On March 14, 2006, the Saints signed former Chargers quarterback Drew Brees, a free agent, to a six-year deal. This signing is believed by many as the greatest free agency signing in NFL history, tied with the Denver Broncos' signing of Peyton Manning 6 years later.

This is a document about Luke McCown
  On April 1, 2013, McCown signed a one-year, $1.05 million deal with the Saints. After solid performances in preseason games, McCown was selected to serve as the primary backup to Saints starting quarterback Drew Brees. During the regular season he attempted a pass but it fell incomplete. In the regular season, McCown was the holder for placekicker Garrett Hartley. On September 25, 2015, Sean Payton announced that starting quarterback Drew Brees would miss the first game of his Saints career due to a bruised rotator cuff and that McCown would get the start on September 27 against the Carolina Panthers over rookie

This is a document about 2020 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season
  Tom Brady made his debut at quarterback with the Buccaneers against division rival New Orleans on opening day. Due to COVID-19, the game was played at the Superdome without spectators. Brady faced Drew Brees, the first game in NFL history where both starting quarterbacks were over the age of 40. Brady led the Buccaneers on a 9-play, 85-yard opening drive, which was capped off by a 2-yard QB keeper, and an early 7–0 lead. Turnovers and miscues by the Buccaneers, however, were the prevailing story of the day. Brady threw two interceptions, one returned for a touchdown, and the Saints won 34–23. Registering a 13.1 rating, it was the highest-rated regular season game of the 2020 NFL season, and second most-watched measured by total viewers (25.9 million).

This is a document about Drew Bledsoe
  Drew McQueen Bledsoe (born February 14, 1972) is a former American football quarterback who played in the National Football League (NFL) for 14 seasons, primarily with the New England Patriots. He served as New England's starting quarterback from 1993 to 2001 and was considered the face of the Patriots franchise during his nine seasons with the team. The first overall pick in the 1993 NFL Draft, Bledsoe helped improve the fortunes of the Patriots, who had fallen on hard times. During his tenure as starting quarterback, the Patriots ended a seven-year postseason drought, qualified for the playoffs four times, clinched the AFC

This is a document about Colin Kaepernick
  career. After graduating, he was selected by the 49ers in the second round of the 2011 NFL Draft. Kaepernick began his professional football career as a backup quarterback to Alex Smith, and became the 49ers' starter in the middle of the 2012 season after Smith suffered a concussion. He then remained the team's starting quarterback for the rest of the season, leading the team to their first Super Bowl appearance since 1994. During the 2013 season, his first full season as a starter, Kaepernick helped the 49ers reach the NFC Championship Game. Over the next three seasons, Kaepernick lost and won back

This is a document about Adrian McPherson
  McPherson was selected by the New Orleans Saints in the fifth round of the 2005 NFL Draft. As a rookie, McPherson made limited appearances in Saints preseason games prior to the 2005 NFL Season. At the time, the Saints had hoped McPherson could eventually develop into the team's starting quarterback. However, following McPherson's rookie year, the Saints signed free agent quarterback Drew Brees, who went on to lead the Saints to the 2006 NFC Championship Game in his first season with the team. On August 12, 2006, McPherson was hit by a golf cart driven by the Tennessee Titans mascot during half-time of a preseason game at LP Field. On December 8, 2006, McPherson sued the Titans, seeking $15 million in punitive damages and $5 million in compensatory damages. Following injuries sustained in the incident, McPherson was cut by the Saints in September 2006.

This is a document about Tom Brady–Peyton Manning rivalry
  Brady played for the New England Patriots from, when he was the 199th selection in the sixth round of the 2000 NFL Draft, through. After Drew Bledsoe was injured in week 2 of the 2001 season, Tom Brady got his first career start against Peyton Manning's Colts, winning the game 44–13. Brady was the Patriots' starting quarterback until the team's final game of the 2019 season, with the exception of, when he tore his ACL in the opening game, and , when he was suspended for the first 4 games of the season due to his alleged involvement in the Deflategate scandal. Brady has appeared in a record ten Super Bowls (nine with the Patriots, one with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers) as of 2021, and has won a record seven (six with the Patriots, one with the Buccaneers). Manning was drafted by the Indianapolis

This is a document about Patrick Ramsey
  Ramsey signed a one-year contract with the New Orleans Saints on July 28, 2010; he was projected to serve as a veteran backup for the Saints' starting quarterback, Drew Brees, filling the role vacated by Mark Brunell who was not re-signed after the 2009 season. On September 3, Ramsey was released as part of final cuts before the start of the 2010 NFL season, with Chase Daniel having won the backup spot.

This is a document about February 2010 in sports
 NFL: ; Super Bowl XLIV in Miami Gardens, Florida: ; New Orleans Saints 31, Indianapolis Colts 17 ; The Saints' first world championship was propelled by Drew Brees' leadership that led him to his Most Valuable Player award. Tracy Porter's seventy-yard interception of a Peyton Manning pass for a touchdown was the margin of victory.

This is a document about Ryan Ramczyk
  Mike Mayock. The New Orleans Saints selected Ramczyk in the first round (32nd overall) of the 2017 NFL Draft. The pick used to draft Ramczyk was acquired from the New England Patriots in exchange for Brandin Cooks. Ramczyk made his NFL debut on September 11, 2017, in the season opener against the Minnesota Vikings. Starting at left tackle made him the first Saints' rookie to start at left tackle in a season opener since Jim Dombrowski in 1986. He started the first four games at left tackle in place of the injured Terron Armstead. He moved over to right tackle after Zach Strief was

Drew Brees started playing in the NFL in 2001. He was drafted by the San Diego Chargers in the second round of the 2001 NFL Draft.


Question: who traded gold and slaves to build the asante kingdom

Answer: Ashanti

This is a document about Ashanti Empire
 Englishman Thomas Bowdich entered Kumasi. He remained there for several months, was impressed, and on his return to England wrote a book, "Mission from Cape Coast Castle to Ashantee." His praise of the kingdom was disbelieved as it contradicted prevailing prejudices. Joseph Dupuis, the first British consul in Kumasi, arrived on March 23, 1820. Both Bowdich and Dupuis secured a treaty with the Asantehene. But, the governor, Hope Smith, did not meet Ashanti expectations. Slavery was historically a tradition in the Ashanti Empire, with slaves typically taken as captives from enemies in warfare. The welfare of their slaves varied from

This is a document about Ashanti Empire
 judiciary system within the centralized government. This loose confederation of small city-states grew into a kingdom and eventually an empire looking to expand its borders. Newly conquered areas had the option of joining the empire or becoming tributary states. Opoku Ware I, Osei Tutu's successor, extended the borders, embracing much of Ghana's territory. European contact with the Asante on the Gulf of Guinea coast region of Africa began in the 15th century. This led to trade in gold, ivory, slaves, and other goods with the Portuguese, which gave rise to kingdoms such as the Ashanti. On May 15, 1817 the

This is a document about Ashanti Empire
 Ashanti Kingdom is Otumfuo Osei Tutu II Asantehene. The Ashanti Kingdom is the home to Lake Bosumtwi, Ghana's only natural lake. The state's current economic revenue is derived mainly from trading in gold bars, cocoa, kola nuts and agriculture; forest has also been cleared to plant cassava, maize and yams. The name "Asante" means "because of war". The word derives from the Twi words "ɔsa" meaning "war" and "nti" meaning "because of". This name comes from the Asante's origin as a kingdom created to fight the Denkyira kingdom. The variant name "Ashanti" comes from British reports that transcribing "Asante" as

This is a document about Asante Kotoko S.C
 Ashanti (Kingdom of Asante) and Ashanti with the colours black, green and yellow enclosing the colours on the national flag and ethnic flag of the Kingdom of Asante and Asante Kotoko's emblem [also represents the national emblem of the Ashanti people and the Ashanti nation (who are more like the Catalan people and Catalonia)]; the Asante Kotoko emblem features a remarkably threatening looking porcupine and the motto "Ashanti ", which means "Kill a thousand, and a thousand more will come". Asante Kotoko's home stadium is the Baba Yara Stadium located in the capital city of Ashanti, Kumasi. Champions Asante Kotoko

This is a document about Thomas Birch Freeman
 came to symbolise the value of an English education. The King permitted Thomas B. Freeman to start a church but not a school. Freeman returned to Cape Coast with “presents” such as cattle, vegetables, fruit and gold dust valued at £56, from the royal household for himself and mission society. The Wesleyan missionary, the Rev. Robert Brooking, who had arrived on 13 January 1840 with the Rev. and Mrs. J. M. Mountford, was asked to supervise the newly opened Asante mission on land provided from the Ashanti monarch. The gifts included female slaves who T. B. Freeman liberated and took

This is a document about Ashanti Empire
 ("Bonsu the whale"). In the 1811 Ga–Fante War, a coalition of Asante and Ga fought against an alliance of Fante, Akwapim and Akim states. The Asante war machine was successful early on defeating the alliance in open combat. However, Asante were unable to completely crush their enemies and were forced to withdraw from the Akwapim hills in the face of unconventional warfare. They did, however, manage to capture a British fort. In 1814 the Ashanti launched an invasion of the Gold Coast, largely to gain access to European traders. In the Ashanti–Akim–Akwapim War, the kingdom faced the Akim–Akwapim alliance. After

This is a document about Nana Arhin Duah
 Nana Arhin Duah Nana Arhin Duah (born September 14, 1980) is a Ghanaian football striker, who last played for Ashanti Gold SC. Duah began his career by Ashanti Gold SC, here wons with the team 1997 the CAF Champions League and moved after 3 years in January 2000 to Asante Kotoko. In the season 2007/08 he was champion with Asante Kotoko and he won the President's Cup with his team. He scored for Kotoko in their second MTN CAF Champions League Group A match against CS Sfaxien a goal. After eight years with Asante Kotoko turned back to his youth

This is a document about Ashanti Empire
 thereafter, Governor William Maxwell arrived in Kumasi as well. Britain annexed the territories of the Ashanti and the Fanti. Asantehene Agyeman Prempeh was deposed and arrested, and he and other Ashanti leaders were sent into exile in the Seychelles. The Asante Union was dissolved. The British formally declared the state of the Ashanti Kingdom and the coastal regions to be the Gold Coast colony. A British Resident was permanently placed in the city of Kumasi, and soon after a British fort was built there. As a final measure of resistance, the remaining Asante court not exiled to the Seychelles mounted

This is a document about Ashanti people
 Ashanti people Asante () also known as Asante are an ethnic group native to the Asante Region of modern-day Ghana. The Asante speak Twi. The language is spoken by over nine million ethnic Asante people as a first or second language. Asante is often assumed to mean "because of wars". The wealthy gold-rich Asante people developed the large and influential Asante Empire, along the Lake Volta and Gulf of Guinea. The empire was founded in 1670, and the Asante capital Kumase was founded in 1680 the late 17th century by "Asantehene" (emperor) Osei Kofi Tutu I on the advice of

This is a document about Ashanti Empire
 1874 to end the war. In 1895, the Ashanti turned down an unofficial offer to become a British protectorate. The Ashanti Kingdom wanting to keep French and European colonial forces out of the Ashanti Kingdom territory (and its gold), the British were anxious to conquer the Ashanti Kingdom once and for all. Despite being in talks with the kingdom about making it a British protectorate, Britain began the Fourth Anglo-Ashanti War in 1895 on the pretext of failure to pay the fines levied on the Asante monarch after the 1874 war. The British were victorious and the Ashanti Kingdom was

This is a document about Ashanti Empire
 an offensive against the British Residents at the Kumasi Fort. The resistance was led by Asante queen Yaa Asantewaa, Queen-Mother of Ejisu. From March 28 to late September 1900, the Asante and British were engaged in what would become known as the War of the Golden Stool. In the end, the British were victorious; they exiled Asantewaa and other Asante leaders to the Seychelles to join Asante King Prempeh I. In January 1902, Britain finally designated the Ashanti Kingdom as a protectorate. the Ashanti Kingdom was restored to self-rule on 31 January 1935. Asante King Prempeh II was restored in

This is a document about Asante Kotoko S.C
 are to get a multi-purpose stadium called the Rlg Fabulous Arena based on a three-year endorsement contract with Rlg Communications. Rlg, became Asante Kotoko’s eleventh endorser since Asante Kotoko's executive board chairman Dr K.K Sarpong took office in the middle of 2010. The Asante Kotoko executive board committee reached a perfect agreement with endorser Rlg Communications to build a mega new stadium for Asante Kotoko in a yet-to-be determined location within the capital city of the Ashanti nation, Kumasi. The Asante Kotoko stadium project which by the end of its construction will be named the Rlg Fabulous Arena will likely

This is a document about Coromantee
 became so notorious among white slave owners in the 18th century that an Act was proposed to ban the importation of people from the Gold Coast, despite their reputation as strong workers. Jamaicans such as the Maroons of Moore Town and Charles Town, and even non-Maroons such as Amy Ashwood Garvey and others, all attest to some Ashanti descent. Ashantes were often captured as slaves and sent to Jamaica, one example being the testimony of Oliver, written by Edwards. Here is an excerpt of his words: "Oliver, an Asante - his country name of Sang - a young man, as

This is a document about Louis Agyemang
 5 December 2008 he turned back to Asante Kotoko. After two years with Asante Kotoko F.C. signed on 20 December 2010 with Medeama SC. He was part of Ghana's national team at the 2006 African Nations Cup in Egypt. Louis Agyemang Louis Agyemang (born April 4, 1983 in Accra) is a Ghanaian footballer, who currently plays for Ashanti Gold. He is one of the few to have played for Asante Kotoko S.C. and arch rivals Accra Hearts of Oak S.C. subsequently playing for Étoile Sportive du Sahel, Kaizer Chiefs F.C.. Agyemang has snubbed Accra Hearts of Oak and signed up

This is a document about Eric Opoku
 Eric Opoku Eric Opoku-Agyemang (born November 11, 1991 in Kumasi) is a Ghanaian footballer who currently plays for Ethiopian Premier League side Dedebit FC. Opoku began his career with Corners Babies, and joined Accra Hearts of Oak SC in 2008. After a short stint there he signed with Asante Kotoko. He played his debut match for Asante Kotoko in the CAF Champions League against Étoile du Sahel. After three years with Asante Kotoko, joined to Ghana Premier League rival Ashanti Gold SC. He was voted the BEST PLAYER OF GHANA in the just ended Ghana Premier League 2015. He is

This is a document about Asante Kotoko S.C
 medical matters as well as football business strategy to Asante Kotoko. The colours of Asante Kotoko depict the colours on both the national flag (ethnic flag) and national emblem of Ashanti with the colours of red, yellow and green used on the Asante Kotoko first (home) kit shirts and shorts while the colours white and red are used on the Asante Kotoko second alternative kit shirts and shorts; and in 2011, Asante Kotoko re-introduced third alternative kit of black, yellow and green colours worn in the late 1980s. Asante Kotoko's emblem is symbolizes the national emblem of the Kingdom of

This is a document about Alex Asamoah
 Alex Asamoah Alexander Jeffrey Obiri Asamoah Gyimah (born January 16, 1986 in Kumasi) is a Ghanaian footballer, who currently plays for Aduana Stars. On 7 December 2005 left Berekum Arsenal to sign a two-year contract for Ashanti Gold SC and on 17 January 2009 signed for Asante Kotoko. On 17 March 2010 the Asante Kotoko attacker and top scorer of the 2008/2009 season, changes with immediate effect to South Korean K-League side Gyeongnam FC. The 24-year-old Ghanaian signed with the Changwon-based club, a one-year loan contract and returned on 3 August 2010 to Asante Kotoko. On December 1, 2011, ES

This is a document about Asante Traditional Buildings
 the Asante people. The houses are built of clay, straw and wood, and are vulnerable to natural fluctuations. There is therefore a need for the preservation of the buildings. Asante Traditional Buildings Asante Traditional Buildings is a World Heritage Site in Ghana, which is a collection of 13 traditionally built buildings from the time of the Ashanti Empire in the area. The Asante Kingdom had its golden age in the 18th century, fell during the British occupation of the area from 1806 to 1901, and most Asante buildings of the period were destroyed during the area. Among other buildings, the

This is a document about Akyaawa Yikwan
 of Ashanti in an attempt to open up trade routes between the two parties. Akyaawa Yikwan Akyaawa Yikwan was a royalty from the Asante Kingdom who served as chief negotiator of the 1831 Anglo-Asante peace treaty. Akyaawa Yikwan was the daughter of king Osei Kwadwo of the Ashanti Kingdonm in West Africa. Her mother was a customary wife to the king Osei Kwadwo. The Ashanti collected taxes from castles and forts along the coastal belt of Ghana around the middle of the seventeenth century. After the loss of the battle of Akatamanso between the southern states and the kingdom of

This is a document about Asante Kotoko S.C
 of Ashanti with Ashanti being the 2nd largest producer of theobroma cacao and cocoa in the world as most of the world's cocoa is grown in Ashanti. Ashanti is a top-10 producer of gold bars and gold bullions in the world as Ashanti is also a major site of the world's gold-mining industry with Ashanti being home to the world's 10th largest producing gold mine on Earth; The Obuasi Gold Mine. The 1 ton of Gold bars and Gold (Bullion) is worth $64.3 Million dollars (US$64,300,000) at $2000/oz. Asante Kotoko's diverse endorsements portfolio includes technology corporations Interplast, Smart TV, Iei

The Asante Kingdom was built through trade, primarily in gold and slaves, with European countries such as Portugal, Spain, France, and Britain. The kingdom's expansion and the establishment of its borders were influenced by the demand for these commodities in the Atlantic slave trade.


Question: who wrote the song ruby sung by kenny rogers

Answer: Mel Tillis

This is a document about Ruby, Don't Take Your Love to Town
 Ruby, Don't Take Your Love to Town "Ruby, Don't Take Your Love to Town" is a song written by Mel Tillis about a paralyzed veteran of a "crazy Asian war" (given the time of its release, widely assumed—but never explicitly stated—to be the Vietnam War) who either lies helplessly in bed or sits helplessly in his wheelchair as his wife "paints [herself] up" to go out for the evening without him; he believes she is going in search of a lover, and as he hears the door slam behind her, he pleads for her to reconsider. The song was made

This is a document about Kenny Rogers and The First Edition
 the end of the decade Rogers had long brown hair, an earring, and pink sunglasses. Known affectionately in retrospect as "Hippie Kenny", Rogers had a notably smoother vocal style at the time. During the summer of 1969 the band scored another Top Ten hit with Mel Tillis' "Ruby, Don't Take Your Love to Town." "Ruby" was the global smash that firmly established the First Edition's longevity in the business. Mickey's drumming was part of the hook. At Rogers' current shows, the song is often clapped along to, or joked around with, but it was meant very seriously at the time.

This is a document about Johnny Darrell
 Home" was issued in 1965, to be followed by "As Long as the Wind Blows" in 1966. He was the first to record the Mel Tillis song "Ruby, Don't Take Your Love to Town", which became a top ten hit for him in 1967 and later a hit for Kenny Rogers. This was followed by his performance of Dallas Frazier's "the Son of Hickory Holler's Tramp" in 1968, and the crossover hit "With Pen in Hand", which would later become a hit for Vikki Carr. In the 1970s, Darrell was associated with the Outlaw country movement. Darrell suffered from diabetes,

This is a document about Ruby, Don't Take Your Love to Town
  "Ruby, Don't Take Your Love to Town" is a song written by Mel Tillis about a paralyzed veteran who lies helplessly as his wife "paints [herself] up" to go out for the evening without him; he believes she is going in search of a lover. As he hears the door slam behind her, he claims that he would murder her if he could move to get his gun, and pleads for her to reconsider. A line in the song about a "crazy Asian war" and the time of the song's release led to the assumption the song was about a veteran of the Vietnam War—though this was never stated in the lyrics—however, Tillis stated that the song was about a veteran of World War II. "Ruby" was first recorded by Waylon Jennings in 1966. Johnny Darrell reached number nine on the country charts with the song in 1967, and Kenny Rogers and The First Edition released it in 1969.

This is a document about Kenny Rogers and The First Edition
  "Ruby" made them stars, and during the next two years, Kenny Rogers and the First Edition had five hits. A man Rogers at first took to be a rude fan first pitched "Reuben James" to Rogers at a golf match. The man, who turned out to be a song pitcher for American songwriter Alex Harvey, followed him around the greens singing the song until Rogers listened. Rogers loved the song's look at a black man raising a white boy and agreed to record it. "Reuben James" turned out to be another daring record; though not as big a hit as "Ruby", it made a big impact

This is a document about Heinz Roemheld
  Yankee Doodle Dandy. Among the more than 400 other films for which he composed music were Gentleman Jim, The Lady From Shanghai, The Invisible Man, and Shine On, Harvest Moon. After World War II, Roemheld once again returned to Germany to become Chief of the Film, Theatre, and Music Section of the Information Central Division of The American Armies in Europe. He continued writing for several major film studios until the late 1950s, and after briefly working in television, he retired in 1964 to concentrate on his classical composition. He is best known for the song "Ruby" from the movie Ruby Gentry (1952), which has become a standard.

This is a document about Kenny Rogers
  five on the Billboard charts. As Rogers took an increased leadership role in the First Edition following the success of 1969's "Ruby, Don't Take Your Love to Town", the band gradually changed styles to a more country feel. The band broke up in 1975–76, and Rogers embarked on a long and successful solo career, which included several successful collaborations, including duets with singers Dottie West, Dolly Parton, and Sheena Easton and a songwriting partnership with Lionel Richie. His signature song, 1978's "The Gambler", was a crossover hit that won him a Grammy Award in 1980 and was selected in 2018 for preservation in the National Recording Registry by the Library of Congress. He developed the

This is a document about In Old Caliente
 Roy Rogers - "Sundown on the Rangeland" (Written by Fred Rose) ; Roy Rogers and George "Gabby" Hayes - "We're Not Coming Out Tonight" (Written by Walter G. Samuels) ; Roy Rogers - "The Moon, She Will Be Shining Tonight" (Written by Walter G. Samuels) ; Roy Rogers - "Ride On Vaquero"

This is a document about The Kenny Rogers Story
  As one of the many collections issued by Rogers, The Kenny Rogers Story: 20 Golden Hits was issued in the UK in 1985. It was never released in the US, and collects most of his UK Top 40 pop hits as well as various other singles that, while they never made it to high positions in the mainstream charts there, were popular among fans of both country and easy listening/middle of the road genres. It is similar to the 1983 issued 20 Greatest Hits from the US. For this album, Rogers sang solo several songs from his days with The First Edition in the 1960s and early 1970s, including the No. 1 hit "Ruby, Don't Take Your Love to Town" and the top ten success "Something's Burning", as well as

This is a document about Your Baby Doesn't Love You Anymore
 Ruby & the Romantics ; Lead vocals by Ruby Nash ; Backing vocals by Leroy Fann, Ed Roberts, Ronald Mosely, and George Lee ; Song written and composed by Lawrence Weiss ; Orchestra arranged and conducted by Alan Lorber ; Produced by Tom Catalano

This is a document about List of compositions by Thelonious Monk
  A 32-bar ballad in AABA-form that Monk composed around 1945, and first titled "Manhattan Moods". The tune was later retitled "Ruby, My Dear" after Rubie Richardson, Monk's first love and his older sister Marion's best friend. It was however not for nostalgic reasons, but because the first phrase of the tune fit with the new title. It was first recorded on October 24, 1947, for the Genius of Modern Music sessions. The tune later appears on Monk's Music, Thelonious Monk with John Coltrane, Thelonious Alone in San Francisco, and on Solo Monk. Lyrics were written by Sally Swisher and the song was recorded in 1988 by Carmen McRae as part of her studio album Carmen Sings Monk. For copyright reasons, the song was renamed "Dear Ruby".

This is a document about Kenny Rogers and The First Edition
  there was suddenly great demand to release the final track recorded for, and included on, the First Edition '69 album. In order to release "Ruby" at the same time as the "But You Know I Love You" soundalike "Once Again She's All Alone", the group renamed themselves "Kenny Rogers and the First Edition". When "Ruby" became the hit, the name stuck. Terry later said that this made him feel like one of Gladys Knight's Pips. This, their third major hit single, like the previous two featured Kenny Rogers on lead, along with the band name change, these factors cemented Kenny's fate as a global household name.

This is a document about Ruby (Ruby Gentry theme)
  "Ruby" is the 1952 theme song for the film Ruby Gentry starring Jennifer Jones, written by Mitchell Parish and Heinz Roemheld. There were six chartered versions of the song in 1953. The theme enjoyed much popularity in orchestral recordings by Les Baxter, with harmonica solo by Danny Welton., Victor Young And His Singing Strings with George Fields on harmonica (Columbia DO-70040, Australia), Richard Hayman And His Orchestra with Richard Hayman on harmonica, and Jerry Murad and the Harmonicats.

This is a document about Texas Ruby
  Ruby Agnes Owens (June 4, 1908 – March 29, 1963), professionally better known as Texas Ruby, was an American pioneering country music female vocalist and musician of the late 1930s through to the early 1960s. Her brother was famous as Tex Owens, the writer of Cattle Call.

This is a document about Music of East Tennessee
  Ruby Falls, a waterfall inside the Lookout Mountain Caverns, has inspired multiple songs. Johnny Cash and Roy Orbison wrote and recorded the song "See Ruby Falls", on Cash's 1970 album Hello, I'm Johnny Cash. Country artist Ray Stevens also included a song named "Ruby Falls" on his 2011 album, Bozos's Back Again.

This is a document about Ruby Baby
  "Ruby Baby" is a song written by Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller. It was originally recorded by the Drifters. Their version was released on a single by Atlantic Records as catalog number 45 1089 in 1956. This original version peaked at No. 10 on the US R&B chart.

This is a document about Kenny Rogers
  Kenneth Ray Rogers (August 21, 1938 – March 20, 2020) was an American singer, songwriter, musician, actor, record producer, and entrepreneur. He was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame in 2013. Rogers was particularly popular with country audiences but also charted more than 420 hit singles across various genres, topping the country and pop album charts for more than 200 individual weeks in the United States alone. He sold more than 100 million records worldwide during his lifetime, making him one of the best-selling music artists of all time. His fame and career spanned multiple genres: jazz, folk, pop, rock, and country. He remade his career and was one of the most successful

This is a document about Kenny Rogers and The First Edition
  All agreed that the situation could not continue, and she was replaced by her roommate, Mary Arnold, an Iowa-born singer who beat out newcomer Karen Carpenter for the job. Thelma appears on the first three LPs plus half of the fourth album. Arnold made her debut on "Reuben James". By the end of the decade Rogers had long brown hair, an earring, and pink sunglasses. Known affectionately in retrospect as "Hippie Kenny", Rogers had a notably smoother vocal style at the time. During mid-1969 the band scored another Top Ten hit with Mel Tillis' "Ruby, Don't Take Your Love to Town". The song was the global

This is a document about Young Bill Hickok
 "Polly Wolly Doodle" ; Roy Rogers – "When the Shadows Fall Across the Rockies" (written by Peter Tinturin) ; Sally Payne and George "Gabby" Hayes – "Up and Down the Prairie" (written by Peter Tinturin) ; Roy Rogers – "A Cowboy Wedding" (written by Mila Sweet and Nat Vincent) ; Sally Payne – "Tamales" (written by Eddie Cherkose and Raoul Kraushaar) ; Roy Rogers – "I'll Keep on Singin' a Song"

This is a document about Through the Years (Kenny Rogers song)
  "Through the Years" is a song written by Steve Dorff and Marty Panzer, and recorded by American country music artist Kenny Rogers. It was released in December 1981 as the fourth single from the album Share Your Love. "Through the Years" reached number 13 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in early 1982, remaining in the Top 40 for eleven weeks and went to number one on the adult contemporary chart, becoming Rogers' fifth single to top this chart. The song peaked at number five on the country chart. Rogers credited "Through the Years" as being one of his career songs, though it had relatively little success in North America. Rogers appeared and performed

Mel Tillis wrote the song "Ruby" that was sung by Kenny Rogers.


Question: what is the first book in the hive series

Answer: Higher Institute of Villainous Education

This is a document about H.I.V.E. (series)
 close friends. When the helicopter lands, Otto is informed that he will be spending the next six years of his life being schooled at H.I.V.E., the Higher Institute of Villainous Education. Dr. Nero, H.I.V.E's headmaster, is interested to know that it took more than two shots from Sleepers (knock-out weapons designed to replace tranquilizer darts) to capture Wing, enough to send a normal boy in a coma for a few weeks. He expresses his concerns to Raven and asks her to keep a close eye on Wing and Otto. Meanwhile, Otto's special skills have marked him out as an Alpha

This is a document about The Swarm (Card and Johnston novel)
  The book is the first of the Second Formic War trilogy by Card and Johnston. The projected titles for the second and third books are The Hive and The Queens respectively. The Hive was released on June 11, 2019.

This is a document about The Hive (Card and Johnston novel)
  The Hive is a 2019 science fiction novel by Orson Scott Card and Aaron Johnston, and the second book of the Second Formic Wars trilogy of novels in the Ender's Game series. It was released on June 11, 2019.

This is a document about Ender's Game (novel series)
  On November 4, 2013, Johnston confirmed work on a second trilogy of novels covering the Second Formic War, with the manuscript for the first book due in 2014. The planned titles of the novels are (in order) The Swarm, The Hive, and The Queens. The Swarm, continuing the stories of Victor Delgado, Mazer Rackham, and Bingwen, was released on August 2, 2016. The Hive was released on June 11, 2019.

This is a document about Hive Propolis
  hive | Propolis is a science fiction and dystopian novel by Daniel D.W. and the first volume of The Hive Transmedia Project. The book was published by Mythos Media and HiveTech Media on May 10, 2015. The book contains decipherable easter eggs as well as scannable QR codes for music, animation, videos and a transmedia storyline.

This is a document about The Hive (novella)
  The Hive is an original Star Wars novella written by Steven Barnes. It is set during the timeline of the prequel trilogy, approximately 21 years before Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope.

This is a document about Betty Rowlands
  Hive of Bees (Severn House Publishers, 1996 ISBN: 9780727851826).

This is a document about The Tower and the Hive
  The Tower and the Hive is a 1999 science fiction novel by American writer Anne McCaffrey, the concluding volume of a five-book series also referred to as "The Tower and Hive" series.

This is a document about Group mind (science fiction)
  Jedi Apprentice book series by Dave Wolverton and Jude Watson. ; The Phoners in Cell by Stephen King. ; The Precogs in The Minority Report by Philip K. Dick (and its film adaptation). ; The Predator in Dimension of Miracles by Robert Sheckley; multiple apparent individuals are only its "fingers". ; The Ra'Haam in Aurora Rising by Amie Kaufman and Jay Kristoff; a plantoid gestalt that wants to control the whole galaxy. ; The Raxxor in Dark Swarm by Patrick Olajide are a polymorphic insect race controlled by a hive mind known as the Silent One or 'the Queen of Queens'.

This is a document about The God of the Hive
  The God of the Hive is a 2010 mystery novel by American author Laurie R. King. Tenth in the Mary Russell series, the story features married detectives Mary Russell and Sherlock Holmes. The novel begins almost immediately after the close of King's preceding novel, The Language of Bees.

This is a document about The Swarm (Card and Johnston novel)
  The Swarm is a 2016 science fiction novel by Orson Scott Card and Aaron Johnston, and the first book of the Second Formic Wars trilogy of novels in the Ender's Game series. It was released on August 2, 2016.

This is a document about The Hive (Cela novel)
  The Hive (La colmena) (also translated as The Beehive) is a novel written by the Spanish author Camilo José Cela, first published in 1950.

This is a document about The Hive (Card and Johnston novel)
  The book is the second of the Second Formic War trilogy by Card and Johnston. The titles for the first and third books are The Swarm and The Queens respectively.

This is a document about Aliens: Earth Hive
  Aliens: Earth Hive is a 1992 novel by Steve Perry, set in the fictional Alien movie universe. It is an adaptation of the story "Outbreak" which was the first in the Aliens comic book series, written by Mark Verheiden.

This is a document about The Tower and the Hive
  Humans Talents working closely with the Mrdini, an alien race who have been conflict with the insectoid Hive species for 200 years, discover a solution to curtail the Hivers' explosive population expansions without having to wipe out the species as a whole - a solution which both Alliance species object to. At the same time a similar solution is discovered to help the Mrdini curtail their own birthrate, now that they no longer have to sacrifice huge numbers of soldiers in battle to save their worlds from Hiver attacks. The book was published (U.S.) on May 1, 1999, by Ace/Berkley.

This is a document about Coalescent
  Toward the end of the novel there are also two short sections telling of a hive planet in the far future. A planet has been knocked out of its solar orbit, and the hives have survived deep underground for aeons. A military mission arrives, aiming to secure workers for the war-effort, and invades a colony. They fight their way into the hive, and ship the survivors off-world.

This is a document about The Last Starship from Earth
  The book is supposedly the first in a trilogy. The other books appear to be The Pollinators of Eden, and The Rakehells of Heaven.

This is a document about The Beekeeper's Apprentice
  The Beekeeper's Apprentice, Or On the Segregation of the Queen is the first book in the Mary Russell series by Laurie R. King. It was nominated for the Agatha best novel award and was deemed a Notable Young Adult book by the American Library Association. In this novel, King presents the first meeting between fifteen-year-old Mary Russell, the young Jewish-American protagonist, and Sherlock Holmes. Their meeting leads to a collaboration between the two, though this first novel focuses primarily on the detective training that Holmes gives to Russell. The series that this novel begins currently stands at twenty novels, with the latest having been published in 2021.

This is a document about Laurie R. King
 The Beekeeper's Apprentice (1994) ISBN: 0-312-10423-5 ; A Monstrous Regiment of Women (1995) ISBN: 0-312-13565-3 ; A Letter of Mary (1997) ISBN: 0-312-14670-1 ; The Moor (1998) ISBN: 0-312-16934-5 ; O Jerusalem (1999) ISBN: 0-553-11093-4 (although written fifth in sequence, the events in this book take place during the latter part of those described in The Beekeeper's Apprentice) ; Justice Hall (2002) ISBN: 0-553-11113-2 ; The Game (2004) ISBN: 0-553-80194-5 ; Locked Rooms (2005) ISBN: 0-553-80197-X ; The Language of Bees (2009) ISBN: 0-553-80454-5 ; The God of the Hive (2010) ISBN: 0-553-80554-1 ; Beekeeping for Beginners (an ebook novella) (2011) ISBN: 978-0-7490-4059-8 (This short story describes the early events of The

This is a document about Serpent's Reach
  The book is set in the constellation Hydrus, which is known in the Alliance-Union universe as the "Hydri Reach", and also as "Serpent's Reach", from which the book takes its title. The Hydri stars are home to the alien Majat, an insectoid race with a hive-mind consciousness. Like some species of Earth insects, the Majat are eusocial, featuring separate Drone, Worker and Warrior castes that serve each hive's single Queen. There are only four distinct hive-mind identities in the Majat species which were arbitrarily assigned colors by the humans: blue and green (the "tame" hives), and red and gold (the "wild" hives). They are native to Cerdin, a planet in the Alpha Hydri system (but see "Majat planet of origin" below). The

The first book in the Hive series is "The Hive" by Orson Scott Card and Aaron Johnston, published on June 11, 2019.


Question: when did wizards of the coast buy d&d

Answer: April 10 , 1997

This is a document about Wizards of the Coast
 in 1995, Wizards' annual sales passed US $65 million. Wizards announced the purchase of TSR, the cash-strapped makers of "Dungeons & Dragons" on April 10, 1997. Wizards acquired TSR and Five Rings Publishing Group for $25 million. Many of the creative and professional staff of TSR relocated from Wisconsin to the Renton area. Wizards used TSR as a brand name for a while, then retired it, allowing the TSR trademarks to expire. Between 1997 and 1999, the company spun off several well-loved but poorly selling campaign settings (including Planescape, Dark Sun and Spelljammer) to fan groups, focusing business primarily on

This is a document about Wizards of the Coast
  Wizards announced the purchase of TSR, the makers of Dungeons & Dragons, on April 10, 1997. Wizards acquired TSR and Five Rings Publishing Group for $25 million. As part of the sale, TSR employees were offered an opportunity to relocate from Wisconsin to the west coast. Wizards continued to use the TSR brand name until 2000 and allowed the trademark to expire in 2004. Between 1997 and 1999, the company spun off several TSR campaign settings, including Planescape, Dark Sun, and Spelljammer to focus the business on what the company deemed to be the more profitable Greyhawk and Forgotten Realms lines. In summer 1997, Wizards revisited the concept of a 3rd edition of Dungeons & Dragons, having first discussed it soon after the purchase of TSR. Wizards released the third edition of Dungeons & Dragons in 2000 alongside

This is a document about TSR, Inc.
  remaining staff through the first half of 1997. With no viable financial plan for TSR's survival, Lorraine Williams sold the company to Wizards of the Coast in 1997. Before the corporate offices in Lake Geneva were closed, some TSR employees accepted the offer of transferring to Wizards of the Coast's offices in Washington. Wizards of the Coast continued to use the TSR name for D&D products for three years, until the third edition of D&D was released in 2000 under the Wizards of the Coast brand only. In 1999, Wizards of the Coast was itself purchased by Hasbro, Inc. In 2002, Gen Con was sold to Peter Adkison.

This is a document about Tabletop role-playing game
  500 fans. Public playtesting began on 24 May 2012, with the final playtest packet released on 20 September 2013. The 5th edition's Basic Rules, a free PDF containing complete rules for play and a subset of the player and DM content from the core rulebooks, was released on 3 July 2014. In forty years the genre grew from a few hobbyists and boutique publishers to an economically significant part of the games industry. Grass-roots and small business involvement remains substantial while larger projects have attracted several million players worldwide. Toys industry leader Hasbro purchased Wizards of the Coast in 1999 for an estimated $325 million.

This is a document about Dragon (magazine)
  Wizards of the Coast purchased TSR and its intellectual properties, including Dragon Magazine, in 1997. Production was then transferred from Wisconsin to Washington state. In 1999, Wizards of the Coast was itself purchased by Hasbro, Inc. Dragon Magazine suffered a five-month gap between #236 and #237 but remained published by TSR as a subsidiary of WotC starting September 1997, and until January 2000 when WotC became the listed de facto publisher. They removed the word "magazine" from the cover title starting with the June, 2000 issue, changing the publication's name back to simply Dragon. In 1999 a CD-ROM compilation of the first 250 issues, called Dragon Magazine Archive, was released in PDF

This is a document about List of Dungeons & Dragons video games
  the closure of Black Isle Studios. Their next planned D&D video game, code-named "Jefferson," was canceled as a result of legal issues with Wizards of the Coast, the new rights holders to the D&D franchise. Wizards of the Coast purchased TSR, the makers of Dungeons & Dragons, in 1997. They in turn were acquired by Hasbro in 1999. As a result, the subsidiary Hasbro Interactive gained the right to use the Dungeons & Dragons game brand in their video game products. In 2001, facing financial difficulties, Hasbro sold 100% of Hasbro Interactive to French software concern Infogrames Entertainment, SA in a US$100 million deal. This led to the publication of Neverwinter Nights in 2002, a game also developed by Bioware.

This is a document about Wizards of the Coast
  In September 1999, Hasbro bought Wizards of the Coast for about US$325 million. Avalon Hill was made a division of Wizards of the Coast, in late 1999; the company had been purchased by Hasbro in the summer of 1998. In November 1999, Wizards announced that Gen Con would leave Milwaukee after the 2002 convention. Also in November, Vince Caluori became President of Wizards of the Coast. On January 1, 2001, Peter Adkison resigned from Wizards. In August 2001, the company went from a semi-independent division of Hasbro to being consolidated into Hasbro's game division. ICv2, an industry trade magazine, reported that "this is seen as a loss of autonomy for WotC by most. The Hasbro release specified that despite the consolidation at the management level, WotC will continue to operate out of its Seattle offices". Between 2001 and 2002, Hasbro sold Origins to GAMA, and in May 2002 sold Gen Con to Peter Adkison. Around this time, Wizards outsourced its magazines by licensing Dungeon, Dragon, Polyhedron, and Amazing Stories to Paizo Publishing.

This is a document about Todd Lockwood
  publisher of the popular role-playing game Dungeons & Dragons. "I had sent TSR portfolios in the past, but now I had a real fantasy portfolio. The art director, Stephen Daniele, gave me a bunch of character portraits for one of the Spellfire decks, then some book covers for TSR. An opportunity to work for TSR full-time came along in 1996, and I jumped at it." In 1997, Wizards of the Coast acquired the TSR properties and moved Lockwood and his family to Washington state. Working for Wizards, he continued to work on the D&D line and on Magic: The Gathering. Lockwood produced art for

This is a document about 1999 in games
 Hasbro purchases Wizards of the Coast for US$325 million. ; Z-Man Games incorporated by owner Zev Schlasinger.

This is a document about Steve Case
  graphical chat environments Habitat (1986) and Club Caribe (1989), the first online interactive fiction series QuantumLink Serial by Tracy Reed (1988), Quantum Space, the first fully automated Play by email game (1989), and the original Dungeons & Dragons title Neverwinter Nights, the first Massively Multiplayer Online Role Playing Game (MMORPG) to depict the adventure with graphics instead of text (1991). After a decade of quick growth, AOL merged with media giant Time Warner in 2001, creating one of the world's largest media, entertainment and communications companies. The $164 billion acquisition was completed in January 2001 but quickly ran into trouble as part of the

This is a document about Peter Adkison
  Garfield to develop a game that would be cheaper to produce than Garfield's proposed board game RoboRally; Garfield developed his idea to combine baseball cards with a card game into what would eventually become Magic: The Gathering (1993). With that game's success, Adkison began working full-time for Wizards of the Coast. As TSR was facing financial insolvency, Ryan Dancey of Five Rings Publishing Group brokered a deal for the purchase of TSR and then brought it to Adkison; Wizards of the Coast announced their purchase of TSR on April 10, 1997. Adkison paid about US$30 million for TSR, including payment of debts, and bought Five Rings

This is a document about Gen Con
  Wizards of the Coast purchased TSR in 1997, which was in turn purchased by Hasbro in 1999. Gen Con moved to the Midwest Express Center (now the Wisconsin Center) in 1998. In November 1999 Wizards announced that Gen Con would leave Milwaukee after the 2002 convention. Peter Adkison, founder of Wizards of the Coast, purchased Gen Con from Hasbro in May 2002, forming Gen Con LLC to run the convention. The first show under Adkison's leadership took place that August in Milwaukee.

This is a document about Collectible card game
  Netrunner. Many established CCGs were in full swing releasing expansions every few months, but even by this time, many CCGs from only two years ago had already died. TSR had ceased production of Spellfire and attempted another collectible game called Dragon Dice which failed shortly after being released. On 3 June 1997, Wizards of the Coast announced that it had acquired TSR and its Dungeons & Dragons property which also gave them control of Gen Con. Wizards now had its long-sought role-playing game, and it quickly discontinued all plans to continue producing Dragon Dice as well as any hopes of resuming production of the Spellfire CCG. Decipher was now sanctioning tournaments for their Star Trek and Star Wars games.

This is a document about Peter Adkison
  design team, later naming Jonathan Tweet the new leader of the third edition project. Adkison was an old friend of Christian Moore from Last Unicorn Games, and when that company was having its own financial troubles, Wizards of the Coast purchased it in July 2000. Hasbro purchased Wizards of the Coast in 1999. Adkison began working on a Dungeons & Dragons MMORPG based on a design from Richard Garfield and Skaff Elias. According to game designer Ed Stark, Adkison said, "Look, computer gaming is the future of roleplaying. We've got to get involved in this." However, Hasbro folded up the D&D computer rights into Hasbro

This is a document about Wizards of the Coast
  cards and it was the first core set with planeswalkers. By 2008, the company employed over 300 people and went through a restructuring. On April 6, 2009, Wizards of the Coast suspended all sales of its products for the Dungeons & Dragons games in PDF format from places such as OneBookShelf and its online storefronts RPGNow and DriveThruRPG. This coincided with a lawsuit brought against eight people in an attempt to prevent future copyright infringement of their books, and included the 4th edition Dungeons & Dragons products that were made available through these places, as well as all older editions PDFs of the game.

This is a document about Dungeons & Dragons
  In 1997, a near-bankrupt TSR was purchased by Wizards of the Coast. Following three years of development, Dungeons & Dragons 3rd edition was released in 2000. The new release folded the Basic and Advanced lines back into a single unified game. It was the largest revision of the D&D rules to date, and served as the basis for a multi-genre role-playing system designed around 20-sided dice, called the d20 System. The 3rd Edition rules were designed to be internally consistent and less restrictive than previous editions of the game, allowing players more flexibility to create the characters they wanted to play. Skills and feats were introduced into the core rules

This is a document about Ravenloft
  A major revision of the Dungeons & Dragons was released in 2000, the first edition published by Wizards of the Coast (which had acquired TSR in 1997). In 2000, Wizards of the Coast licensed the Ravenloft brand to White Wolf Publishing. Under its Sword & Sorcery Studios (and later Arthaus imprints), White Wolf Publishing released the 3rd Edition d20 System Ravenloft Campaign Setting (2001) and the 3.5 Edition Ravenloft Player's Handbook (2003). The campaign settings published by White Wolf introduced a number of alterations, many due to conflicts with existing Wizards of the Coast intellectual property. Specific references to D&D-specific deities were replaced with new names

This is a document about Five Rings Publishing Group
  the Coast to acquire TSR, Inc., the creator of Dungeons & Dragons. As a part of that deal, Wizards of the Coast also acquired FRPG, which was rolled into Wizards' New Brand Development & Licensing (NBD&L) group, under the auspices of Vice President Richard Fukutaki. FRPG continued to exist as an organization within Wizards of the Coast through the end of 1998, when it was finally dissolved. During this period, it saw the launch of Legend of the Burning Sands, Doomtown, Dune, the Star Trek Collectible Dice Game, and it completed several more projects that were in transition during its acquisition, including re-launching

This is a document about Hasbro
  $6 million and Galoob for $220 million. In 1999, Hasbro paid US$325 million for rights to Pokémon toys. The same year, Wizards of the Coast was bought in a deal worth $325 million. Wizards of the Coast is now a subsidiary of Hasbro and has Avalon Hill as its division. In 2001 money-losing Hasbro Interactive was sold to Infogrames, a French software concern, for $100 million. Hasbro entered the building block toy with its Built to Rule line in 2003, which did not hold together well or were too hard for the targeted age group, thus ended in 2005.

This is a document about Collectible card game
  Wars was also enjoying strong success from the recently rereleased Star Wars Special Edition films. In fact, the CCG would remain the second best-selling CCG until the introduction of Pokémon in 1999. Wizards continued acquiring properties and bought Five Rings Publishing Group, Inc., creators of the Legend of the Five Rings CCG, Star Trek: The Next Generation collectible dice game, and the soon to be released Dune CCG, on 26 June. Wizards also acquired Andon Unlimited which by association gave them control over the Origins Convention. By September, Wizards was awarded a patent for its "Trading Card Game". Later in October, Wizards announced that it would seek royalty payments from other CCG companies. Allegedly, only Harper Prism announced its

Wizards of the Coast bought the rights to Dungeons & Dragons from TSR in 1997.


Question: who played the little girl mermaid in splash

Answer: Shayla Mackarvich

This is a document about Splash (film)
 content not appropriate for the studio's flagship Walt Disney Pictures banner. "Splash" had received a PG-rating for including some profanity and brief nudity. In 1964, eight-year-old Allen Bauer (David Kreps) is vacationing with his family near Cape Cod. While taking a sight-seeing tour on a small boat, he sees something below the ocean surface that fascinates him, and jumps into the water even though he cannot swim. Underwater, he encounters a mermaid girl (Shayla Mackarvich) and inexplicably finds himself able to breathe under water. However, Allen is pulled back to the surface, and the two are separated. Since no one

This is a document about Jodi Benson
  Jodi Marie Benson (née Marzorati; born October 10, 1961) is an American actress and singer. She is best known for providing the voice of Princess Ariel in Disney's The Little Mermaid and throughout its franchise, including its sequel, prequel, and television series spinoff. Benson also voiced the character Barbie in the 1999 Golden Globe-winning film Toy Story 2, its 2010 Academy Award-winning sequel Toy Story 3, and in the Toy Story cartoon Hawaiian Vacation. For her contributions to Disney, Benson was named a Disney Legend in 2011. She also gave voice to the spirited "Weebo" in Disney's live action Flubber, starring Robin Williams. For Warner Bros., she did

This is a document about Splash (film)
  In 2016, producer Brian Grazer said he was working on a remake of Splash, although this version would be told from the point-of-view of the mermaid, which was more in line with the earlier drafts of the original film. Jillian Bell and Channing Tatum were set to star with Bell as a female human and Tatum as a merman. Tatum was also set to produce the remake through his production company, Free Association, along with Reid Carolin and Peter Kieran, while Howard and Grazer will also produce from Imagine Entertainment with Anna Culp as the executive producer and Marja-Lewis Ryan writing. , the project was still in development.

This is a document about Mermaiding
  ''For simplicity's sake, this section focuses on film and shows with live-action swimmers and tails as the main characters. For an exhaustive list of mermaids in media, please see'' Mermaids in popular culture. Cinema Splash (1984): starring Daryl Hannah and Tom Hanks, Hannah played a mermaid who falls in love with a human. She could walk on dry land in human form, but her legs changed into a fish tail whenever she got wet. Much of the movie revolves around her humorous attempts to conceal her true identity from her lover. A made-for-television sequel, Splash, Too, followed in 1988, starring Amy Yasbeck and Todd

This is a document about Splash, Too
  With a production budget of $3.3 million, Splash, Too was the first film to be filmed at the then-new Disney-MGM Studios complex. Dozens of actresses were looked at to play the role of Madison, but none were right for the role until the producers found Amy Yasbeck, who did a screen test for director Greg Antonacci, was cast at the start of 1988. Yasbeck had to wear a blonde wig (over her red hair, which was cut to her shoulders to accommodate wearing the wig) when playing Madison. Yasbeck went through a crash course in scuba diving as well as extensive physical training to prepare to

This is a document about Lexy Kolker
  the film effortlessly." Justin Lowe of The Hollywood Reporter stated that her "semi-improvised performance couldn't be any more authentic", and Collider described her acting as "truly unforgettable work". For the role, she won the Young Artist Award for Best Young Actress in a Feature Film, and received a nomination at the upcoming 2021 Saturn Awards for Best Performance by a Younger Actor. Also in 2018, Kolker appeared as Lily in the Netflix fantasy film The Little Mermaid; filming was done in Savannah, Georgia in 2016 and was released in 2018 to mixed reviews from critics. In 2019, she appeared in the independent mystery crime film The Case of Jonas Booker as Marley. Kolker is set to star in the upcoming television series For Nothing as Lilliana Pieri, as well as the drama film Manifest West, where she will star as Riley Hayes alongside her sister Ava Kolker.

This is a document about List of characters played by multiple actors in the same film
 Shayla MacKarvich and Daryl Hannah as Madison in Splash (1984) ; Isobelle Molloy, Ella Purnell, and Angelina Jolie as Maleficent in Maleficent (2014) ; Dev Patel, Ayush Mahesh Khedekar, and Tanay Chheda as Jamal Malik in Slumdog Millionaire (2008) ; Gérard Depardieu and Guillaume Depardieu as Marin Marais in Tous les Matins du Monde (1991) ; Billy Crudup and Jonathan Tucker as Tommy Marcano in Sleepers (1996) ; Kirsten Dunst and Samantha Mathis as Amy March in Little Women (1994) ; Jessica Chastain and Sophia Lillis as Beverly Marsh in It Chapter Two (2019) ; Larry Olsen, James West and Richard Crane as Rusty Marsh in Happy Land (1943) ; Hallie Eisenberg and Embeth Davidtz

This is a document about List of The Little Mermaid adaptations
  the modern day with Rosie Mac as the titular character. ; The Little Mermaid (2018), an indie film based on the original Andersen fairytale set in Mississippi with Poppy Drayton as the titular character. ; It was announced in 2014 that Sofia Coppola planned to direct a live-action version for Universal Pictures and Working Title Films. This later developed into Coppola releasing herself from this project due to "artistic differences", and later announced that the script was to be handed over to Richard Curtis and the title role to be given to the then 19-year-old actress Chloë Grace Moretz. Moretz dropped out of the project in September 2016.

This is a document about Mermaiding
  young boy. The film stars Asian cinema idols Ekin Cheng, Christy Chung, and Takeshi Kaneshiro. The film is loosely based on Splash. The Thirteenth Year (1999): a teen learns that his birth mother is a mermaid after he begins to grow fins and slimy scales on his thirteenth birthday. Mermaids (2003): this 2003 television film was directed by Ian Barry and stars Serah D'Laine, Nikita Ager and Australian model Erika Heynatz as a trio of mermaid sisters who band together to avenge their father's death. The film is also known in other languages as Sereias (Brazil), Três Sereias (Portugal), Mermaids – Las sirenas

This is a document about Mermaid (2000 film)
  Mermaid, released in 2000, is a television movie based on the real-life story of Desiree Leanne Gill as she learns to accept her father's death. It aired originally on Showtime, and it was released on DVD in 2001. Jodelle Ferland and Ellen Burstyn were both nominated for a Daytime Emmy for Outstanding Performer in a Children's Special.

This is a document about Maurice H. Rindskopf
 Film and swim star

This is a document about Sip 'n Dip Lounge
  six women, who wear mermaid outfits designed and hand-made by the bar's manager, Sandra Johnson-Thares. Mermen were brought back in 2016, having previously appeared on occasion from the late 90s through 2004. Celebrity patrons of the Sip 'n Dip have included actors Nick Nolte and Daryl Hannah, who reprised her portrayal of a mermaid in Splash by swimming in the pool while wearing a mermaid tail. Both actors signed the glass window, though their autographs were lost two years later when the window cracked, forcing the pool to be drained, repaired, and the double-paned glass replaced with a triple-paned version.

This is a document about 28th Daytime Emmy Awards
 Ossie Davis (Buck McHenry, Finding Buck McHenry) ; Ellen Burstyn (Trish, Mermaid) ; Jodelle Ferland (Desi, Mermaid) ; Peter Falk (Abel Shaddick, A Storm in Summer) ; Alfre Woodard (Clara, The Wishing Tree)

This is a document about 17th Youth in Film Awards
 Vanessa Lee Chester – A Little Princess ; Liesel Matthews – A Little Princess ; Christina Ricci – Casper ; Claire Danes – Home for the Holidays ; Kirsten Dunst – Jumanji ; Nicole Lund – Gold Diggers: The Secret of Bear Mountain ; Alicia Silverstone – Clueless ★ Anna Chlumsky – Gold Diggers: The Secret of Bear Mountain

This is a document about 1961 in animation
 October 10: Jodi Benson, American actress and singer (voice of Ariel in The Little Mermaid franchise House of Mouse, Sofia the First, Ralph Breaks the Internet, Barbie in Toy Story 2, and 3, Lady in Lady and the Tramp II: Scamp's Adventure, Anita Ratcliffe in 101 Dalmatians II: Patch's London Adventure, the title character in P.J. Sparkles Tula in The Pirates of Dark Water, the title character in Thumbelina, Aquagirl in Batman Beyond, Patsy Smiles, Ms. Jane Doe, and Almondine on Camp Lazlo'').

This is a document about Cinderella (1997 film)
  a thing or two from its clever spin on a classic text." In 2019, Rob Marshall, the film's choreographer, announced that Halle Bailey, an African-American R&B singer, would play Princess Ariel for his live action/CGI adaptation of The Little Mermaid. The following year, when Brandy was asked if she had any advice for Bailey, she said, "I think she needs to understand that she has everything that it takes to do everything that she's meant to do. I think that she needs to keep positive people around her and to also stay positive and to not live her life for

This is a document about Margrét Vilhjálmsdóttir
 1998: The Little Mermaid as Ursula, the Sea Witch. ; 2007: The Simpsons Movie as Marge Simpson

This is a document about Faith Prince
  and Drama Desk Awards for her portrayal of Ella Peterson in the revival of Bells Are Ringing. She was featured in the 2008 Broadway musical A Catered Affair, for which she received Tony and Drama Desk nominations. She appeared in a concert version of Sweeney Todd with the Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra in Orlando, Florida in March 2009. On April 7, 2009, she took over the role of Ursula from Heidi Blickenstaff in the Broadway musical The Little Mermaid. She appeared in such films as The Last Dragon (1985), Dave (1993), Picture Perfect (1997), and Our Very Own (2005), among others. Her television credits include

This is a document about List of San Francisco Ballet 2011 repertory
 The Little Mermaid

Allison Bauer played the little girl mermaid in "Splash" (1984).


Question: which country was the first to land on the moon

Answer: Soviet Union

This is a document about Moon landing
 not only the large Descent Stages of the lunar landers left behind but also tracks of the astronauts' walking paths in the lunar dust. Moon landing A Moon landing is the arrival of a spacecraft on the surface of the Moon. This includes both manned and unmanned (robotic) missions. The first human-made object to reach the surface of the Moon was the Soviet Union's Luna 2 mission, on 13 September 1959. The United States' Apollo 11 was the first manned mission to land on the Moon, on 20 July 1969. There have been six manned U.S. landings (between 1969 and

This is a document about Moon landing
 the only country to have successfully conducted manned missions to the Moon, with the last departing the lunar surface in December 1972. After the unsuccessful attempt by the Luna 1 to land on the Moon in 1959, the Soviet Union performed the first hard (unpowered) Moon landing later that same year with the Luna 2 spacecraft, a feat the U.S. duplicated in 1962 with Ranger 4. Since then, twelve Soviet and U.S. spacecraft have used braking rockets to make soft landings and perform scientific operations on the lunar surface, between 1966 and 1976. In 1966 the USSR accomplished the first

This is a document about Moon landing
 Moon landing A Moon landing is the arrival of a spacecraft on the surface of the Moon. This includes both manned and unmanned (robotic) missions. The first human-made object to reach the surface of the Moon was the Soviet Union's Luna 2 mission, on 13 September 1959. The United States' Apollo 11 was the first manned mission to land on the Moon, on 20 July 1969. There have been six manned U.S. landings (between 1969 and 1972) and numerous unmanned landings, with no soft landings happening from 22 August 1976 until 14 December 2013. To date, the United States is

This is a document about Rover (space exploration)
 low gravity celestial bodies. The Soviet rover was intended to be the first roving remote-controlled robot on the Moon, but crashed during a failed start of the launcher 19 February 1969. The Lunokhod 1 rover landed on the Moon in November 1970. It was the first roving remote-controlled robot to land on any celestial body. The Soviet Union launched Lunokhod 1 aboard the Luna 17 spacecraft on November 10, 1970, and it entered lunar orbit on November 15. The spacecraft soft-landed in the Sea of Rains region on November 17. The lander had dual ramps from which Lunokhod 1 could

This is a document about Moon landing
 surface. Luna 16 was the first robotic probe to land on the Moon and safely return a sample of lunar soil back to Earth. It represented the first lunar sample return mission by the Soviet Union, and was the third lunar sample return mission overall, following the Apollo 11 and Apollo 12 missions. This mission was later successfully repeated by Luna 20 (1972) and Luna 24 (1976). In 1970 and 1973 two Lunokhod ("Moonwalker") robotic lunar rovers were delivered to the Moon, where they successfully operated for 10 and 4 months respectively, covering 10.5 km (Lunokhod 1) and 37 km

This is a document about Rover (space exploration)
 15 (which landed on the Moon July 30, 1971), Apollo 16 (which landed April 21, 1972) and Apollo 17 (which landed December 11, 1972). The Lunokhod 2 was the second of two unmanned lunar rovers landed on the Moon by the Soviet Union as part of the Lunokhod program. The rover became operational on the Moon on January 16, 1973. It was the second roving remote-controlled robot to land on any celestial body. The Soviet Union launched Lunokhod 2 aboard the Luna 21 spacecraft on January 8, 1973, and it entered narayana space orbital in by NOVA THE MASS TEAM

This is a document about History of spaceflight
   Spaceflight began in the 20th century following theoretical and practical breakthroughs by Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, Robert H. Goddard, and Hermann Oberth. First successful large-scale rocket programs were initiated in the 1920s Germany by Fritz von Opel and Max Valier, and eventually in Nazi Germany by Wernher von Braun. The Soviet Union took the lead in the post-war Space Race, launching the first satellite, the first man and the first woman into orbit. The United States caught up with, and then passed, their Soviet rivals during the mid-1960s, landing the first man on the Moon in 1969. In the same period, France, the United Kingdom, Japan and China were concurrently developing more limited launch capabilities. Following the end of

This is a document about Moon landing
  September 1959. The United States' Apollo 11 was the first crewed mission to land on the Moon, on 20 July 1969. There were six crewed U.S. landings between 1969 and 1972, and numerous uncrewed landings, with no soft landings happening between 22 August 1976 and 14 December 2013. The United States is the only country to have successfully conducted crewed missions to the Moon, with the last departing the lunar surface in December 1972. All soft landings took place on the near side of the Moon until 3 January 2019, when the Chinese Chang'e 4 spacecraft made the first landing on the far side of the Moon.

This is a document about Space Race
  Moon landing goal was achieved in July 1969, with the flight of Apollo 11, a singular achievement generally overshadowing any combination of Soviet achievements and often seen as the decisive achievement of the Space Race. The USSR pursued two crewed lunar programs, but did not succeed with their N1 rocket to launch and land on the Moon before the US, and eventually canceled it to concentrate on Salyut, the first space station programme, and the first time landings on Venus and on Mars. Meanwhile the US landed five more Apollo crews on the Moon and continued exploration of other extraterrestrial bodies

This is a document about Apollo 11 in popular culture
  View Park. In the British science-fiction comic strip Jeff Hawke, the final panel of the November 21, 1959 strip depicted a plaque commemorating the first landing of a human on the Moon on August 4, 1969. The date is only two weeks after Apollo 11 landed on July 20, 1969. In the 1963 science-fiction novel Apollo at Go, by Jeff Sutton, the plot involves a mission to land the first astronauts on the Moon. It correctly predicted that the US would be the first country to land on the Moon, that the Apollo program (established in 1961) would launch the mission with a Saturn V rocket, that

This is a document about Comparison of Asian national space programs
   China was the first Asian country and third nation in the world, after the USSR and USA, to send humans into space. During the Space Race between the two superpowers, which culminated with Apollo 11 landing humans on the Moon, Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai decided on 14 July 1967 that China should not be left behind, and initiated their own crewed space program: the top-secret Project 714, which aimed to put two people into space by 1973 with the Shuguang spacecraft. Nineteen PLAAF pilots were selected for this goal in March 1971. The Shuguang-1 spacecraft, to be launched with the CZ-2A rocket, was designed to carry

This is a document about Hermann Oberth
  the Moon in 1969 and in several following years. Indeed, Von Braun said of him: "Hermann Oberth was the first, who when thinking about the possibility of spaceships grabbed a slide-rule and presented mathematically analyzed concepts and designs.... I, myself, owe to him not only the guiding-star of my life, but also my first contact with the theoretical and practical aspects of rocketry and space travel. A place of honor should be reserved in the history of science and technology for his ground-breaking contributions in the field of astronautics." In 1938, the Oberth family left Sibiu, Romania, for good, to first settle in Austria, then in Nazi Germany, then in

This is a document about Colonization of the Moon
  Colonization of the Moon has been imagined as early as the first half of the 17th century by John Wilkins in A Discourse Concerning a New Planet. Colonization of the Moon as an actual process has been taking place since the first artificial crafts reached the Moon after 1959. Luna landers scattered pennants of the Soviet Union on the Moon, and U.S. flags were symbolically planted at their landing sites by the Apollo astronauts, but no nation claims ownership of any part of the Moon's surface. Russia, China, India, and the U.S. are party to the 1967 Outer Space Treaty, which defines the Moon and all outer space as the "province of all mankind", restricting the use of the Moon to peaceful purposes and explicitly banning military installations and weapons of mass

This is a document about Apollo 11
  Apollo 11 (July 16–24, 1969) was the spaceflight that first landed humans on the Moon. Commander Neil Armstrong and lunar module pilot Buzz Aldrin formed the American crew that landed the Apollo Lunar Module Eagle on July 20, 1969, at 20:17 UTC. Armstrong became the first person to step onto the lunar surface six hours and 39 minutes later on July 21 at 02:56 UTC; Aldrin joined him 19 minutes later. They spent about two and a quarter hours together outside the spacecraft, and collected 47.5 lb of lunar material to bring back to Earth. Command module pilot Michael Collins flew the Command Module Columbia alone in lunar orbit while

This is a document about History of spaceflight
  goal on July 20, 1969, with the landing of Apollo 11. Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became the first men to set foot on the Moon. Six such successful landings were achieved through 1972, with one failure on Apollo 13. The N1 rocket suffered four catastrophic uncrewed launch failures between 1969 and 1972, and the Soviet government officially discontinued its crewed lunar program on June 24, 1974, when Valentin Glushko succeeded Korolyov as General Spacecraft Designer. Both nations went on to fly relatively small, non-permanent crewed space laboratories Salyut and Skylab, using their Soyuz and Apollo craft as shuttles. The US launched only one Skylab,

This is a document about Space technology
  The first country on Earth to put any technology into space was Soviet Union, formally known as the "Union of Soviet Socialist Republics" (USSR). The USSR sent the Sputnik 1 satellite on October 4, 1957. It weighed about 83 kg, and is believed to have orbited Earth at an altitude of about 250 km. It had two radio transmitters (20 and 40 MHz), which emitted "beeps" that could be heard by radios around the globe. Analysis of the radio signals was used to gather information about the electron density of the ionosphere, while temperature and pressure data was encoded in the duration of radio beeps. The first successful human spaceflight was Vostok 1, carrying 27-year-old Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin

This is a document about China
  China successfully landed the Chang'e 3 lander and Yutu rover onto the lunar surface. In 2016, the first quantum science satellite was launched in partnership with Austria dedicated to testing the fundamentals of quantum communication in space. In 2019, China became the first country to land a probe—Chang'e 4—on the far side of the moon. In 2020, the first experimental 6G test satellite was launched and Chang'e 5 successfully returned moon samples to the Earth, making China the third country to do so independently after the United States and the Soviet Union. In 2021, China became the second nation in history to independently land a rover (Zhurong) on Mars, joining the United States.

This is a document about Human spaceflight
  China was the third nation in the world, after the USSR and USA, to send humans into space. During the Space Race between the two superpowers, which culminated with Apollo 11 landing humans on the Moon, Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai decided on 14 July 1967 that China should not be left behind, and initiated their own crewed space program: the top-secret Project 714, which aimed to put two people into space by 1973 with the Shuguang spacecraft. Nineteen PLAAF pilots were selected for this goal in March 1971. The Shuguang-1 spacecraft, to be launched with the CZ-2A rocket, was designed to carry a crew of two. The program was officially cancelled on 13 May

This is a document about Apollo 17 lunar sample display
  States and its possessions. National Archives in Washington D.C. has a copy of this letter: "The Apollo lunar landing program conducted by the United States has been brought to a successful conclusion. Men from the planet Earth have reached the first milestone in space. But as we stretch for the stars, we know that we stand also upon the shoulders of many men of many nations here on our own planet. In the deepest sense our exploration of the moon was truly an international effort. It is for this reason that, on behalf of the people of the United

The United States was the first country to land a manned mission on the Moon with Apollo 11 on July 20, 1969. However, the Soviet Union was the first to land a robotic mission on the Moon with Luna 9 on January 31, 1966.