Question: when did they change the wind chill formula

Answer: November 2001

This is a document about Wind chill
 four digit number with units of kilocalories/hour per square metre. Each individual calibrated the scale of numbers personally, through experience. The chart also provided general guidance to comfort and hazard through threshold values of the index, such as 1400, which was the threshold for frostbite. The original formula for the index was: where: In November 2001, Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom implemented a new wind chill index developed by scientists and medical experts on the Joint Action Group for Temperature Indices (JAG/TI). It is determined by iterating a model of skin temperature under various wind speeds and

This is a document about Wind chill
  Many formulas exist for wind chill because, unlike temperature, wind chill has no universally agreed upon standard definition or measurement. All the formulas attempt to qualitatively predict the effect of wind on the temperature humans perceive. Weather services in different countries use standards unique to their country or region; for example, the U.S. and Canadian weather services use a model accepted by the National Weather Service. That model has evolved over time. The first wind chill formulas and tables were developed by Paul Allman Siple and Charles F. Passel working in the Antarctic before the Second World War, and were made available by the National Weather Service by the 1970s. They were based on the cooling rate of a small plastic bottle as its contents turned to ice while suspended in the wind on the expedition hut roof, at the same level as the anemometer. The

This is a document about Wind chill
  of this model may be approximated, to within one degree, from the following formula: The standard wind chill formula for Environment Canada is:   Windchill temperature is defined only for temperatures at or below 10 °C and wind speeds above 4.8 km/h. As the air temperature falls, the chilling effect of any wind that is present increases. For example, a 16 km/h wind will lower the apparent temperature by a wider margin at an air temperature of -20 °C, than a wind of the same speed would if the air temperature were -10 °C. The 2001 WCET is a steady state calculation (except for the time to frostbite estimates). There are significant time-dependent aspects to wind chill because cooling is most rapid at the start of any exposure, when the skin is still warm.

This is a document about Wind chill
 WCI = wind chill index, kg*cal/m2/h ; v = wind velocity, m/s ; Ta = air temperature, °C Equivalent temperature was not universally used in North America until the 21st century. Until the 1970s, the coldest parts of Canada reported the original Wind Chill Index, a three or four digit number with units of kilocalories/hour per square metre. Each individual calibrated the scale of numbers personally, through experience. The chart also provided general guidance to comfort and hazard through threshold values of the index, such as 1400, which was the threshold for frostbite. The original formula for the index was: where:

This is a document about Wind chill warning
  in Twin Cities/Chanhassen was the first office to do this on Sunday, January 5, 2014. As of April 8 2014, Environment Canada replaced the Wind Chill Warning with an Extreme Cold Warning. The warning is still issued based on a region's normal climate. In the older system a wind chill warning for Southern Ontario and Atlantic Canada was issued when the wind chill dropped to -35. This meant that if the temperature was -37 C with no wind a warning was not issued. Under the new system the extreme cold warning is issued based on either the temperature or the wind chill being a certain value for at least two hours. The values range from -30 C in the south to -55 C in parts of the Arctic.

This is a document about Charles Eagan
  Charles Eagan (1921 – March 11, 2010) was a Canadian scientist working in cold weather physiology, known primarily for advancing the wind chill formula. Antarctic explorers Paul Siple and Charles Passel had created their original formula for wind chill measurements in 1939 by drawing on data that showed how long it took water to freeze in a cylinder under various wind and temperature conditions. While conducting research for the U.S. Air Force in Fairbanks, Alaska in 1964, Eagan recognized it would be more accurate if the equation took into account the fact people normally walk outdoors and don't spend a great deal of time at a standstill

This is a document about Wind chill
 where Twc is the wind chill index, based on the Fahrenheit scale; Ta is the air temperature in degrees Fahrenheit, and v is the wind speed in miles per hour. In November 2001, Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom implemented a new wind chill index developed by scientists and medical experts on the Joint Action Group for Temperature Indices (JAG/TI). It is determined by iterating a model of skin temperature under various wind speeds and temperatures using standard engineering correlations of wind speed and heat transfer rate. Heat transfer was calculated for a bare face in wind, facing the wind, while walking into it at 1.4 m/s. The model corrects the officially measured wind speed to the wind speed at face height, assuming the person is in an open field. The

This is a document about Early 2014 North American cold wave
  F, set in 1884 and tied in 1988. The National Weather Service adopted the Twitter hashtag #Chiberia (a portmanteau of Chicago and Siberia) for the cold wave coverage in Chicago and local media adopted the term as well. In spite of cold temperatures and stiff winds which exceeded the 29 mph and -23 F air temperature when Chicago set its all-time wind chill record of -82 F in 1983, Chicago did not break the record because the NWS had adopted a new wind chill formula in 2001. The average daily temperature for the United States on January 6 was calculated to be 17.9 F. The last time the average for the

This is a document about 2020–21 North American winter
  Wind chill advisories and wind chill warnings were issued from eastern Montana into Wisconsin and all the way to northern Illinois in early February. On February 7, in International Falls, Minnesota, the wind chill was -46 C early in the day and the following morning, the actual temperature fell to -40 F in Ash Lake, Minnesota. Meanwhile, in British Columbia, Canada, a woman in Dawson Creek, where the temperature was -42.2 C at the time, died of prolonged exposure to the cold. The following week widespread record-challenging cold remained in place over central parts of Canada and the United States. Canada recorded its coldest temperature since 2017; -51.9 C in Wekweeti, Northwest Territories. In Livingston, Montana, the daily cold record for February 13 was broken and temperatures fell to -28 F there. The cold

This is a document about Extreme cold warning
  An extreme cold warning is issued by Environment Canada to inform the public about cold temperatures in their region that are expected to last for at least two hours. As of April 8, 2014, Environment Canada replaced the Wind Chill Warning with an Extreme Cold Warning. In the older system a wind chill warning for Southern Ontario and Atlantic Canada was issued when the wind chill dropped to -35. Thus a temperature of -37 C with no winds would not require a warning be issued. Under the new system the extreme cold warning is issued based on either the temperature or the wind chill being a certain value for at least two hours. The values range from -30 C in the south to -55 C in parts of the Arctic.

This is a document about Mount Washington
  January 16, 2004, the wind chill on the summit never went above -50 °F. The official record high temperature at the summit is 72 °F on June 26, 2003, and August 2, 1975, while the official record warm daily minimum is 60 °F on the latter date. Readings of 60 °F or more at the summit are seen on an average 13.5 days annually. The primary summit building was designed to withstand 300 mi/h winds; other structures are chained to the mountain. In addition to a number of broadcast towers, the mountain is the site of a non-profit scientific observatory reporting the weather as well as other aspects of

This is a document about Severe weather terminology (United States)
 Wind chill warning (NPW) – Extreme wind chills, capable of causing life-threatening medical conditions (such as severe frostbite and hypothermia) or death associated with accelerated heat loss from exposed skin, are imminent or occurring. The apparent temperature and wind speed criteria vary significantly over different county warning areas based on climate variability. This product will be deprecated sometime in 2021, and be superseded by the Extreme Cold Warning product, which will include dual criteria for extreme wind chill and actual temperature values, and have its use expanded to WFOs elsewhere in the conterminious United States. ; Particularly dangerous situation wind chill warning (NPW) – Extremely

This is a document about ASHRAE 55
  ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55 was first published in 1966. It was revised in 1974, 1981, 1992, 2004, 2010, 2013, 2017, and 2020. Starting in 2004, it is now updated based on ASHRAE's standard maintenance procedures. These periodic revisions are based on a publicly reviewed addenda to the previous version available on ASHRAE's website. In 1992 the standard was updated with more extensive information on measurement protocols and an expanded definitions section. In 2004 the standard underwent significant changes with the addition of two thermal comfort models: the PMV/PPD model and the adaptive comfort model. In 2010 the standard included the following changes. It re-introduced the Standard Effective Temperature (SET) as a method to calculate the cooling effect of air movement. It also added a general satisfaction

This is a document about Wind chill
  Windchill Index provided a pretty good indication of the severity of the weather. In the 1960s, wind chill began to be reported as a wind chill equivalent temperature (WCET), which is theoretically less useful. The author of this change is unknown, but it was not Siple or Passel as is generally believed. At first, it was defined as the temperature at which the windchill index would be the same in the complete absence of wind. This led to equivalent temperatures that exaggerated the severity of the weather. Charles Eagan realized that people are rarely still and that even when it was calm, there was some air movement. He redefined the absence of wind to be an air speed of 1.8 m/s, which was about as low a wind speed as a cup anemometer could measure. This led to more realistic (warmer-sounding) values of equivalent temperature.

This is a document about Extreme cold warning
  In the United States an extreme cold warning was an experimental weather warning issued by the National Weather Service in North Dakota, South Dakota, and Minnesota. The warning was issued if the temperature fell to -35 F or colder with a wind of less than 5 mph. It was an experimental advisory for when the air temperature was dangerously cold, but the wind was too little to warrant a Wind Chill Watch or Warning. The Extreme Cold Warning was used from January 10, 2011 to April 15, 2011. It was discontinued beginning with the 2011-12 winter storm season. Only five Extreme Cold Warnings were issued: one for Burleigh County, three for areas outside of the Bismarck–Mandan metropolitan area, and one for West Glacier, Montana In a partner webinar on October 30, 2018, the National Weather Service announced that based on survey feedback, the Extreme Cold Warning and the Wind Chill Warning will be consolidated into the Extreme Cold Warning, meaning that this product would once again be issued on a regular basis. This change was hinted to take effect sometime in 2021, accounting for NWS software upgrades.

This is a document about Particularly dangerous situation
  PDS wind chill warnings are issued when there is an enhanced risk of frost bite, hypothermia, and eventually death due to extremely low wind chills. These warnings are issued by the National Weather Service Weather Forecast Offices rather than the Storm Prediction Center. The PDS wind chill warning shown below was issued by the National Weather Service in the Twin Cities on January 5, 2014.

This is a document about New York City
  temperatures are often enhanced due to the urban heat island effect. Daytime temperatures exceed 90 °F on average of 17 days each summer and in some years exceed 100 °F, although this is a rare achievement, last occurring on July 18, 2012. Similarly, readings of 0 °F are also extremely rare, last occurring on February 14, 2016. Extreme temperatures have ranged from −15 °F, recorded on February 9, 1934, up to 106 °F on July 9, 1936; the coldest recorded wind chill was −37 °F on the same day as the all-time record low. The record cold daily maximum was 2 °F on December 30, 1917, while, conversely, the record warm

This is a document about Climate of Chicago
  is -27 F, set on January 20, 1985. In addition, the all-time record low maximum temperature of -11 F was set on December 24, 1983, and tied on January 18, 1994. However in late January 2019, a violent polar vortex drifted southward, enveloping the city in new record-breaking temperatures as low as -23 F on January 30. Wind speeds reached at least 20 miles per hour, exacerbating the wind chill effect. The warming effect of Lake Michigan during the winter makes subzero temperatures somewhat less common on the lakefront than in the more inland parts of the city. Highs reach 50 °F an average of 8.8 days each winter

This is a document about 2013 extreme weather events
  The cold wave in the United States was influenced by a low-pressure area called a "Clipper" which brought an Arctic cold front that caused rapidly falling temperatures and strong northwest winds with gusts of 35 - 50 mph. In Salt Lake City January, 2013 with the average temperature of 19.4 °F became the coldest month on record since 1949 and the sixth-coldest January since 1874. On March 5 a record 6-inch snow depth was noted in Chicago's O'Hare International Airport, exceeding the previous 1999 record for that date by 2.2 inches. On the same day 900 flights were cancelled in O'Hare Airport, while Midway Airport reportedly

The wind chill formula was changed in November 2001 by a group of scientists on the Joint Action Group for Temperature Indices (JAGTI) under the auspices of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and the Canadian Agency for Health Protection and Promotion (CAHPP).


Question: when did touch screen phones first come out

Answer: 1992

This is a document about Smartphone
 a prototype called "Angler" developed by Frank Canova in 1992 while at IBM and demonstrated in November of that year at the COMDEX computer industry trade show. A refined version was marketed to consumers in 1994 by BellSouth under the name Simon Personal Communicator. In addition to placing and receiving cellular calls, the touchscreen-equipped Simon could send and receive faxes and emails. It included an address book, calendar, appointment scheduler, calculator, world time clock, and notepad, as well as other visionary mobile applications such as maps, stock reports and news. The term "smart phone" or "smartphone" was not coined until

This is a document about Béla Hatvany
  1971, in partnership with Dennis Beaumont, Computer Library Services (CLSI) was started in Boston. This was the first company to develop the minicomputer for use in libraries, in effect building the Online Public Access Computer (OPAC) market. After returning to live in London in 1981, Hatvany sold it to Thyssen Bornemisza in 1983. In 1980, with Henry Ng, he invented the touch screen which is now used on smartphones and tablets. Bela explains in this video interview that the idea of how to design a touch screen originally came to him whilst trying to solve a problem on a project that the

This is a document about Multi-touch
  The use of touchscreen technology predates both multi-touch technology and the personal computer. Early synthesizer and electronic instrument builders like Hugh Le Caine and Robert Moog experimented with using touch-sensitive capacitance sensors to control the sounds made by their instruments. IBM began building the first touch screens in the late 1960s. In 1972, Control Data released the PLATO IV computer, an infrared terminal used for educational purposes, which employed single-touch points in a 16×16 array user interface. These early touchscreens only registered one point of touch at a time. On-screen keyboards (a well-known feature today) were thus awkward to use, because key-rollover and holding down a

This is a document about Touchscreen
  which was later cited as prior art in the lock screen patent litigation between Apple and other touchscreen mobile phone vendors (in relation to ). In 1991–1992, the Sun Star7 prototype PDA implemented a touchscreen with inertial scrolling. In 1993, IBM released the IBM Simon the first touchscreen phone. An early attempt at a handheld game console with touchscreen controls was Sega's intended successor to the Game Gear, though the device was ultimately shelved and never released due to the expensive cost of touchscreen technology in the early 1990s. The first mobile phone with a capacitive touchscreen was LG Prada released in

This is a document about Screen time
  The first electronic screen was the cathode ray tube (CRT), which was invented in 1897 and commercialized in 1922. CRT's were the most popular choice for display screens until the rise of liquid crystal displays (LCDs) in the early 2000s. Screens are now an essential part of entertainment, advertising, and information technologies. Since their popularization in 2007, smartphones have become ubiquitous in daily life. In 2019, 81% of American adults reported owning a smartphone, up from 64% in 2015. An American survey in 2016 found a median of 3.7 minutes per hour of screen time over a 30-day period. All forms of screens are frequently used by

This is a document about Dashtop mobile
  Since the commercial debut of cellular phones in the early 1990s, Palm Inc took the lead in developing a generation of palmtop handheld personal computers that worked like an electronic personal organizer. Palmtops turned into Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) with mobile phone functions. As of 2007, PDA phones are preferred by some, due mainly to wider screens and easier texting plus mobile multimedia functions, such as audio video playback, mobile web and mobile TV. Apple's iPhone made a debut in late June 2007, featuring keypadless touchscreens with multi-touch.

This is a document about Touchscreen
  described his work on capacitive touchscreens in a short article published in 1965 and then more fully—with photographs and diagrams—in an article published in 1967. The application of touch technology for air traffic control was described in an article published in 1968. Frank Beck and Bent Stumpe, engineers from CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research), developed a transparent touchscreen in the early 1970s, based on Stumpe's work at a television factory in the early 1960s. Then manufactured by CERN, and shortly after by industry partners, it was put to use in 1973. In the mid 1960s, another precursor of touchscreens, an ultrasonic-curtain-based pointing

This is a document about Touchscreen
  receivers around the bezel of a 9-inch Sony cathode ray tube (CRT). In 1977, an American company, Elographics – in partnership with Siemens – began work on developing a transparent implementation of an existing opaque touchpad technology, US patent No. 3,911,215, October 7, 1975, which had been developed by Elographics' founder George Samuel Hurst. The resulting resistive technology touch screen was first shown in 1982. That company, now called Elo Touch Solutions continues to operate today as a leading provider of interactive devices for business applications. In 1984, Fujitsu released a touch pad for the Micro 16 to accommodate the complexity of

This is a document about Android (operating system)
  physical buttons". By 2008, both Nokia and BlackBerry announced touch-based smartphones to rival the iPhone 3G, and Android's focus eventually switched to just touchscreens. The first commercially available smartphone running Android was the HTC Dream, also known as T-Mobile G1, announced on September 23, 2008.  On November 5, 2007, the Open Handset Alliance, a consortium of technology companies including Google, device manufacturers such as HTC, Motorola and Samsung, wireless carriers such as Sprint and T-Mobile, and chipset makers such as Qualcomm and Texas Instruments, unveiled itself, with a goal to develop "the first truly open and comprehensive platform for mobile devices". Within a year,

This is a document about History of the Internet
  popular mobile phone application is texting, of which 2.1 trillion messages were logged in 2020. The texting phenomenon began on December 3, 1992 when Neil Papworth sent the first text message of “Merry Christmas” over a commercial cell phone network to the CEO of Vodafone. The first mobile phone with Internet connectivity was the Nokia 9000 Communicator, launched in Finland in 1996. The viability of Internet services access on mobile phones was limited until prices came down from that model, and network providers started to develop systems and services conveniently accessible on phones. NTT DoCoMo in Japan launched the first mobile Internet service, i-mode, in 1999 and this is

This is a document about Touchscreen
  2007 (which was before the first iPhone). Touchscreens would not be popularly used for video games until the release of the Nintendo DS in 2004. Until recently, most consumer touchscreens could only sense one point of contact at a time, and few have had the capability to sense how hard one is touching. This has changed with the commercialization of multi-touch technology, and the Apple Watch being released with a force-sensitive display in April 2015. In 2007, 93% of touchscreens shipped were resistive and only 4% were projected capacitance. In 2013, 3% of touchscreens shipped were resistive and 90% were projected capacitance.

This is a document about Feature phone
  The first cellular phone, the Motorola DynaTAC released in 1984, is considered a basic mobile phone due to its inability to do anything more than making voice calls. Despite the introduction of smartphones in the mid-1990s, ignited with the August 1994 release of the IBM Simon, Nokia Communicator from 1996 on, and the BlackBerry range of handheld personal digital assistants (PDAs) from Research in Motion (RiM); feature phones enjoyed unchallenged popularity into the mid 2000s. In North America, smartphones, such as Palm and BlackBerry, were still considered a niche category for enterprise use. Outside North America, Nokia's Symbian devices had captured the early smartphone market, in which price was the only barrier to entry, and

This is a document about Mobile phone features
  Google and the Open Handset Alliance to create an open competitor to other major smartphone platforms of the time (Mainly Symbian operating system, BlackBerry OS, and iOS)-The operating system offered a customizable graphical user interface and a notification system showing a list of recent messages pushed from apps. The most commonly used data application on mobile phones is SMS text messaging. The first SMS text message was sent from a computer to a mobile phone in 1992 in the UK, while the first person-to-person SMS from phone to phone was sent in Finland in 1993. The first mobile news service, delivered via SMS, was launched in Finland

This is a document about Timeline of United States inventions (1946–1991)
  car phone in St. Louis, Missouri on June 17, 1946, but the system was impractical from what is considered a portable handset today. The equipment weighed 80 lbs, and the AT&T service, basically a massive party line, cost $30 per month plus 30 to 40 cents per local call. The basic network and supporting infrastructure of hexagonal cells used to support a mobile telephony system while remaining on the same channel were devised by Douglas H. Ring and W. Rae Young at AT&T Bell Labs in 1947. Finally in 1973, Martin Cooper invented the first handheld cellular/mobile phone. His first

This is a document about Digital media
  Motorola named Martin Cooper was the first person to make a phone call on April 3, 1973. He decided the first phone call should be to a rival telecommunications company saying "I'm speaking via a mobile phone". However the first commercial mobile phone was released in 1983 by Motorola. In the early 1990s Nokia came into succession, with their Nokia 1011 being the first mass-produced mobile phone. The Nokia Communicator 9000 became the first smartphone as it was inputed with an Intel 24 MHz CPU and had 8 MB of RAM. Smartphone users have increased by a lot over the years

This is a document about Clamshell design
  time) for their Compass model in 1982. In 1983, the Ampere WS-1 laptop used a modern clamshell design. The first Motorola model to support the clamshell design was the MicroTAC, created in 1989, although General Telephone & Electronics (GTE) held the trademark from the 1970s for its Flip-Phone (one of the first small handheld electronic phones), until 1993. Flip phones became popular in the late 90s and this factor lasted until the early 2010s.The clamshell form factor began to experience a decline in popularity in the late 2000s and early 2010s, due to the increasing popularity of touchscreen smartphones such as the iPhone, which use a slate-like form factor and large, non-folding screens. Clamshells remain a predominant form

This is a document about Motorola DynaTAC
  The first cellular phone was the culmination of efforts begun at Bell Labs, which first proposed the idea of a cellular system in 1947, and continued to petition the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) for channels through the 1950s and 1960s, and research conducted at Motorola. In 1960, electrical engineer John F. Mitchell  became Motorola's chief engineer for its mobile communication products. Mitchell oversaw the development and marketing of the first pager to use transistors. Motorola had long produced mobile telephones for cars that were large and heavy and consumed too much power to allow their use without the automobile's engine running. Mitchell's team, which included Martin

This is a document about Touchscreen
  customers, but mostly because of costly technical problems suffered by the ECC's touchscreen which would render climate control or stereo operation impossible. Multi-touch technology began in 1982, when the University of Toronto's Input Research Group developed the first human-input multi-touch system, using a frosted-glass panel with a camera placed behind the glass. In 1985, the University of Toronto group, including Bill Buxton, developed a multi-touch tablet that used capacitance rather than bulky camera-based optical sensing systems (see History of multi-touch). The first commercially available graphical point-of-sale (POS) software was demonstrated on the 16-bit Atari 520ST color computer. It featured a color touchscreen

This is a document about Touchscreen
  interface. The ViewTouch POS software was first shown by its developer, Gene Mosher, at the Atari Computer demonstration area of the Fall COMDEX expo in 1986. In 1987, Casio launched the Casio PB-1000 pocket computer with a touchscreen consisting of a 4×4 matrix, resulting in 16 touch areas in its small LCD graphic screen. Touchscreens had a bad reputation of being imprecise until 1988. Most user-interface books would state that touchscreen selections were limited to targets larger than the average finger. At the time, selections were done in such a way that a target was selected as soon as the finger came

This is a document about History of mobile phones
  range was used for both 1G and 2G systems in Europe, so the 1G systems were rapidly closed down to make space for the 2G systems. In America the IS-54 standard was deployed in the same band as AMPS and displaced some of the existing analog channels. In 1993, IBM Simon was introduced. This was possibly the world's first smartphone. It was a mobile phone, pager, fax machine, and PDA all rolled into one. It included a calendar, address book, clock, calculator, notepad, email, and a touchscreen with a QWERTY keyboard. The IBM Simon had a stylus, used to tap the touch screen. It featured predictive typing

The first touch screen phone was the IBM Simon, which was released in 1993.


Question: who were the members of creedence clearwater revival

Answer: rhythm guitarist Tom Fogerty

This is a document about Creedence Clearwater Revival
 Creedence Clearwater Revival Creedence Clearwater Revival (often referred to as Creedence or CCR) was an American rock band active in the late 1960s and early 1970s which consisted of lead vocalist, lead guitarist, and primary songwriter John Fogerty, his brother rhythm guitarist Tom Fogerty, bassist Stu Cook, and drummer Doug Clifford. These members had played together since 1959, first as The Blue Velvets, then as The Golliwogs. Their musical style encompassed roots rock, swamp rock, and blues rock. They played in a Southern rock style, despite their San Francisco Bay Area origin, with lyrics about bayous, catfish, the Mississippi River,

This is a document about Creedence Clearwater Revisited
 Creedence Clearwater Revisited Creedence Clearwater Revisited is an American rock band formed in 1995 by bassist Stu Cook and drummer Doug "Cosmo" Clifford, former members of Creedence Clearwater Revival, to play live versions of that band's music. Much of Creedence Clearwater Revival's music had been written and arranged by John Fogerty, who has not participated in Creedence Clearwater Revisited. Fogerty had exercised artistic control over the earlier band, and he sued to try to stop the newer "Revisited" band from using its similar name, saying the name would confuse the public into thinking it was a continuation of the earlier

This is a document about Creedence Clearwater Revival
 blue jeans commercial. In this case, the advertiser eventually stopped using the song, as Fogerty related in a later interview: Creedence Clearwater Revival Creedence Clearwater Revival (often referred to as Creedence or CCR) was an American rock band active in the late 1960s and early 1970s which consisted of lead vocalist, lead guitarist, and primary songwriter John Fogerty, his brother rhythm guitarist Tom Fogerty, bassist Stu Cook, and drummer Doug Clifford. These members had played together since 1959, first as The Blue Velvets, then as The Golliwogs. Their musical style encompassed roots rock, swamp rock, and blues rock. They played

This is a document about Doug Clifford
 Doug Clifford Douglas Ray "Cosmo" Clifford (born April 24, 1945) is an American drummer, best known as a founding member of Creedence Clearwater Revival. After the group dissolved in the early 1970s, Clifford released a solo album and later joined CCR bassist Stu Cook in the Don Harrison Band. In 1995, Clifford and Cook formed the band Creedence Clearwater Revisited, performing live versions of Creedence Clearwater Revival songs. An early influence on Clifford's playing was The Beatles, with their appearance on "The Ed Sullivan Show" in February 1964 being of particular significance. "They were a quartet and we said, wow,

This is a document about Creedence Clearwater Revival (album)
 with Creedence Clearwater Revival. In Hank Bordowitz's book "Bad Moon Rising: The Unauthorized History of Creedence Clearwater Revival", bassist Stu Cook is quoted, "Fogerty, Cook, Clifford and Fogerty signed a publishing agreement with one of Fantasy's companies that gave up rights to copyright ownership...Lennon and McCartney never owned the copyrights to their compositions, either. When you're on the bottom, you make the best deal you can." John Fogerty took charge of the group artistically, writing all of the band's fourteen hit records and assuming the roles of singer, guitarist, producer and arranger of nearly everything that appeared on Creedence's seven

This is a document about Bayou Country (album)
 Bayou Country (album) Bayou Country is the second studio album by American rock band Creedence Clearwater Revival, released by Fantasy Records in January 1969, and was the first of three albums CCR released in that year. After ten years of struggling as the Blue Velvets and the Golliwogs, singer/guitarist John Fogerty, his brother guitarist Tom Fogerty, bassist Stu Cook and drummer Doug Clifford scored a #11 hit single with "Susie Q" in June 1968 under the name Creedence Clearwater Revival. Their self-titled album peaked at #52 on the "Billboard" albums chart. Despite their new-found success, however, seeds of discontent among

This is a document about It Came Out of the Sky
 It's kind of a spoof on everybody." Clifford also stated that he was surprised it did not become more popular. Bassist Stu Cook called it "a tough act to follow." "It Came Out of the Sky" was included on several Creedence Clearwater Revival compilation albums, including "Chronicle, Vol. 2" in 1986, "Keep On Chooglin'" in 1999 and "" in 2001. It was released as a single in the UK backed with "Side O the Road" and in Spain backed with "Cotton Fields." Creedence Clearwater Revival sometimes played the song live and it appears on the 1973 live album "Live in

This is a document about Bayou Country (album)
 in the book "1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die". Bayou Country (album) Bayou Country is the second studio album by American rock band Creedence Clearwater Revival, released by Fantasy Records in January 1969, and was the first of three albums CCR released in that year. After ten years of struggling as the Blue Velvets and the Golliwogs, singer/guitarist John Fogerty, his brother guitarist Tom Fogerty, bassist Stu Cook and drummer Doug Clifford scored a #11 hit single with "Susie Q" in June 1968 under the name Creedence Clearwater Revival. Their self-titled album peaked at #52 on the "Billboard"

This is a document about Cosmo (album)
 any ideas they might have. That got everybody involved in the process. The camaraderie was great, there was no pressure and that got the best performances from everyone. We cut everything live, so when the horns were playing we were a 10-piece band!” All songs written by Doug Clifford, except where noted Cosmo (album) Cosmo is the only solo studio album by former Creedence Clearwater Revival drummer Doug Clifford, released shortly after that band's breakup. In a 2012 interview, Clifford was critical of the album: On June 22, 2018, the album was reissued by Craft Recordings (along with fellow Creedence

This is a document about Doug Clifford
 we can do that. If these guys from England can come out and play rock 'n' roll, we can do it. We bought Beatle wigs. We went to the drama store, and I guess they were Three Stooges wigs at that time." Doug Clifford Douglas Ray "Cosmo" Clifford (born April 24, 1945) is an American drummer, best known as a founding member of Creedence Clearwater Revival. After the group dissolved in the early 1970s, Clifford released a solo album and later joined CCR bassist Stu Cook in the Don Harrison Band. In 1995, Clifford and Cook formed the band Creedence

This is a document about Willy and the Poor Boys
 position in Mexico. By the fall of 1969, Creedence Clearwater Revival were one of the hottest rock bands in the world, having scored three consecutive #2 singles and the #1 album "Green River". In addition, the group had performed at the landmark Woodstock Festival in August and made several high-profile television appearances, including "The Ed Sullivan Show". Bandleader and songwriter John Fogerty had assumed control of the band after several years of futility but, despite their growing success, the other members – bassist Stu Cook, drummer Doug Clifford and guitarist Tom Fogerty, John's older brother – began to chafe under

This is a document about Cosmo (album)
 Cosmo (album) Cosmo is the only solo studio album by former Creedence Clearwater Revival drummer Doug Clifford, released shortly after that band's breakup. In a 2012 interview, Clifford was critical of the album: On June 22, 2018, the album was reissued by Craft Recordings (along with fellow Creedence alumni Tom Fogerty's second solo album, "Excalibur"). In an interview with Forbes, Clifford explained that the recording process was a positive experience: “Making this record was a blast because it was a superstar line-up,” says Clifford. “It was a collaboration to a large degree. I told everyone that I was open to

This is a document about Green River (album)
 Creedence Clearwater Revival ; John Fogerty – lead and backing vocals, lead guitar, piano, keyboards, harmonica, arranger ; Tom Fogerty – rhythm guitar (all but 12–14) ; Stu Cook – bass guitar ; Doug Clifford – drums Production ; John Fogerty, Saul Zaentz – producers ; Chris Clough – compilation producer ; Basul Parik – cover art, photography ; Russ Gary – engineer ; Larissa Collins – art direction ; Geoff Gans – reissue design ; Dave Marsh, Joel Selvin – reissue liner notes

This is a document about Live at Woodstock (Creedence Clearwater Revival album)
 John Fogerty – vocals, guitar, harmonica, piano ; Tom Fogerty – rhythm guitar, backing vocals ; Stu Cook – bass guitar ; Doug Clifford – drums Mason Williams – album release producer ; Andy Zax – audio production ; Brian Kehew – audio production, mixing ; Dave Schultz – mastering ; Edwin Kramer – location recording engineer ; Lee Osborne – location recording engineer ; Hanley Sound, Inc. – original 8-track recordings ; Henry Diltz – photography ; Tommy Steele – design ; Ryan Jebavy – editorial Creedence Clearwater Revival Production

This is a document about Willy and the Poor Boys
  By the fall of 1969, Creedence Clearwater Revival was one of the hottest rock bands in the world, having scored three consecutive #2 singles and the #1 album Green River. In addition, the group had performed at the landmark Woodstock Festival in August and made several high-profile television appearances, including The Ed Sullivan Show. Bandleader and songwriter John Fogerty had assumed control of the band after several years of futility, but, despite their growing success, the other members – bassist Stu Cook, drummer Doug Clifford and guitarist Tom Fogerty, John's older brother – began to chafe under Fogerty's demanding, autocratic leadership. The band's output in 1969 alone – three full-length albums – was staggering considering that they were touring nonstop throughout. "That was a bit of overkill and I never

This is a document about Willy and the Poor Boys
 Creedence Clearwater Revival ; John Fogerty – vocals, lead guitar, piano, maracas, cowbell, harmonica (4), producer, arranger ; Tom Fogerty – rhythm guitar, (all but 11,12), backing vocals ; Stu Cook – bass, washtub bass (4), backing vocals ; Doug Clifford – drums, washboard (4) ; Additional musicians ; Booker T. Jones – organ (13) ; Steve Cropper – guitar (13) ; Donald "Duck" Dunn – bass (13) ; Al Jackson, Jr. – drums (13) Production ; Basul Parik – photography ; Chris Clough – 2008 compilation producer ; Ed Ward – 2008 liner notes ; Joel Selvin – 2008 liner notes ; Rikka Arnold – project assistance ; Bill Belmont – project assistance ; Jennifer Peters – project assistance Per liner notes

This is a document about Creedence Clearwater Revival
  Creedence Clearwater Revival, also referred to as Creedence and CCR, was an American rock band formed in El Cerrito, California. The band initially consisted of lead vocalist, lead guitarist, and primary songwriter John Fogerty; his brother, rhythm guitarist Tom Fogerty; bassist Stu Cook; and drummer Doug Clifford. These members had played together since 1959, first as the Blue Velvets and later as the Golliwogs, before settling on the Creedence Clearwater Revival name in 1967. CCR's musical style encompassed roots rock, swamp rock, blues rock, Southern rock, country rock, and blue-eyed soul. Belying their origins in the East Bay subregion of the San Francisco Bay Area, the band often played in a Southern rock style, with lyrics

This is a document about Bayou Country (album)
  After ten years of struggling as the Blue Velvets and the Golliwogs, singer/guitarist John Fogerty, his brother guitarist Tom Fogerty, bassist Stu Cook and drummer Doug Clifford scored a No. 11 hit single with "Susie Q" in June 1968 under the name Creedence Clearwater Revival. Their self-titled album peaked at No. 52 on the Billboard albums chart. Despite their new-found success, however, seeds of discontent among the four members had already been planted due to John Fogerty assuming control of the band at just about every level. "There was a point at which we had done the first album. Everybody had listened to my advice. I don't think anybody thought too much about it," Fogerty recalled to Michael Goldberg of Rolling Stone in 1993. "But in making the second album, Bayou Country, we had

The members of Creedence Clearwater Revival were John Fogerty (lead vocalist, lead guitarist, primary songwriter), Tom Fogerty (rhythm guitarist, backing vocals), Stu Cook (bass guitarist), and Doug Clifford (drums, percussion).


Question: who sang there 's a moon out tonight

Answer: The Capris

This is a document about There's a Moon Out Tonight
 There's a Moon Out Tonight "There's a Moon Out Tonight" is a song originally released in 1958 by The Capris. The initial release on the Planet label saw very limited sales, and the Capris disbanded. In 1960, after a disk jockey played the song on air, the public interest in the song that was generated led to it being re-released on the Lost Nite label, and later that year the Old Town label. The group reunited shortly thereafter. In early 1961, "There’s a Moon Out Tonight" spent 14 weeks on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart peaking at No. 3, while

This is a document about There's a Moon Out Tonight
 reaching No. 11 on "Billboard"s Hot R&B Sides, and No. 14 on Canada's CHUM Hit Parade. The song was ranked No. 50 on "Billboard"s end of year "Hot 100 for 1961 - Top Sides of the Year" and No. 51 on "Cash Box"s "Top 100 Chart Hits of 1961". There's a Moon Out Tonight "There's a Moon Out Tonight" is a song originally released in 1958 by The Capris. The initial release on the Planet label saw very limited sales, and the Capris disbanded. In 1960, after a disk jockey played the song on air, the public interest in the

This is a document about Rabbit's Moon
 teases Pierrot, showing him Columbina, with whom he appears to fall in love. The sets were borrowed from French filmmaker Jean-Pierre Melville. The 1972 version of "Rabbit's Moon" features a soundtrack consisting of 1950s and '60s pop: "There's a Moon Out Tonight" by The Capris, "Oh, What a Night" by The Dells, "Bye Bye Baby" by Mary Wells, "I Only Have Eyes For You" by The Flamingos and "Tears On My Pillow" by The El Dorados. The 1979 version features only a loop of A Raincoat's "It Came In The Night" as its soundtrack. The film is credited by electronic

This is a document about Doo-wop
 and Brooklyn), learned their basic musical craft singing in church, and would gain experience in the new style by singing on street corners. By the late 1950s and early 60s, many Italian-American groups had national hits: Dion and the Belmonts scored with "I Wonder Why," "Teenager in Love," and "Where or When"; The Capris made their name in 1960 with "There's a Moon Out Tonight"; Randy & the Rainbows, who charted with their Top #10 1963 single "Denise"; and with the Beach Boys the only other American band who enjoyed success both before, during, and after the British invasion, The

This is a document about The Capris
 The Capris The Capris are an American doo wop group who became a one-hit wonder in 1961 with "There's a Moon Out Tonight." They experienced a popularity and performing resurgence in the 1980s, when three members reformed and The Manhattan Transfer recorded their song, "Morse Code of Love," which reached the US Hot 100 and the U.S. AC top 20. All of the original members were Italian Americans from the borough of Queens in New York, United States. Started by first tenor Mike Mincieli, the original group coalesced in 1958 – also including Nick Santo (Santamaria) lead baritone, second tenor

This is a document about Bop Doo-Wopp
 other live cut, "Duke of Dubuque", was recorded for the Evening at Pops series on PBS. The song "Safronia B" was recorded in Sydney, Australia in December 1983. The other three songs were recorded in New York City. This album spawned another "Billboard" Hot 100 single in "Baby Come Back to Me (The Morse Code of Love)" which reached #83 on the chart in late 1984. The song was dedicated to The Capris (an Italian vocal group from Queens) who wrote and recorded it in 1982, and whose single "There's a Moon Out Tonight" was a top 10 hit in

This is a document about There's a Moon Out Tonight
  "There's a Moon Out Tonight" is a song originally released in 1958 by The Capris. The initial release on the Planet label saw very limited sales, and the Capris disbanded. In 1960, after a disk jockey played the song on air, the public interest in the song that was generated led to it being re-released on the Lost Nite label, and later that year the Old Town label. The group reunited shortly thereafter. In early 1961, "There’s a Moon Out Tonight" spent 14 weeks on the Billboard Hot 100 chart peaking at No. 3, while reaching No. 11 on Billboards Hot R&B Sides, and No. 14 on Canada's CHUM Hit Parade. The song was ranked No. 50 on Billboards end of year "Hot 100 for 1961 - Top Sides of the Year" and No. 51 on Cash Boxs "Top 100 Chart Hits of 1961".

This is a document about Theme Time Radio Hour (season 1)
  (1964) ; 11) Blue Moon On The Bayou — Red Le Blanc & His Crescent Boys (1962) ; 12) "Yellow Moon" — The Neville Brothers (1989) ; 13) "When My Blue Moon Turns To Gold Again" — Cliffie Stone (1948) ; 14) Destination Moon — Dinah Washington (1962) ; 15) "There's a Moon Out Tonight" — The Capris (1960) ; 16) "Fly Me To The Moon" — Bobby Womack (1969) ; 17) "C Jam Blues" — Slim Gaillard (1946) ; 18) "How High The Moon" — Slim Gaillard (1958) ; 19) "Moon River" — Henry Mancini (1961) Aired December 6, 2006

This is a document about Rabbit's Moon
  The 1971 version of Rabbit's Moon features a soundtrack consisting of 1950s and '60s pop: "There's a Moon Out Tonight" by The Capris, "Oh, What a Night" by The Dells, "Bye Bye Baby" by Mary Wells, "I Only Have Eyes For You" by The Flamingos and "Tears On My Pillow" by The El Dorados. The 1979 version features only a loop of A Raincoat's "It Came In The Night" as its soundtrack.

This is a document about The Capris
  All of the original members were Italian Americans from the borough of Queens in New York, United States. Started by first tenor Mike Mincieli and Rosario Morice (Sonny) who later left the group when he joined the Navy, the original group coalesced in 1958 – also including Nick Santo (Santamaria) lead baritone, second tenor Frank Reina, baritone Vinnie Narcardo, and bass John Cassese. Their name was taken from the Lincoln Capri. In 1958, they recorded two songs for Planet Records, "Indian Girl," and "There's a Moon Out Tonight." When the record sold badly, they disbanded and went their separate ways. Alan Fredericks, a late night radio disc jockey continued to play their song,

This is a document about The Capris
  group started to leave the ensemble. Some continued to perform locally as the Capris, but with no national profile. Nick Santo, who left the group in 1962 and joined the New York City Police Department in 1965, continued to write songs. In 1982, Santo, Mike Mincieli, and Frank Reina – joined at the time by Tommy Ferrara of The Del-Satins and Tony Danno, recorded There's a Moon Out Again, an album of 12 songs, including nine compositions by Santo. "The Morse Code of Love," one of Santo's songs, quickly became a requested number on Oldies radio, with many disc jockeys and audience members believing it to be an unreleased song by the original

This is a document about Jonathan King
  35,000 copies. It peaked at number four in the UK (the Beatles were at number one with "Help!") and 17 in the US, and was awarded a gold disc. Nina Simone, Bette Midler, and Marlene Dietrich all covered it. Dietrich sang "Everyone's Gone to the Moon" and its B side, "Summer's Coming", at the Golders Green Hippodrome in October 1966, with an arrangement by Burt Bacharach. The single reached No. 17 in the US Billboard Hot 100 and was one of the songs carried on the Apollo 11 moon mission. In 2019, the track was included in the soundtrack of

This is a document about Jack Lathrop
  jingle of its kind for Pepsi – "Pepsi-Cola Hits the Spot" (aka "Nickel, Nickel"). Lathrop was replaced around 1940 by Gene Lanham (né Eugene Prentiss Lanham; 1915–1977). The trio also performed in two 1935 films, Sweet Surrender and Melody Magic, directed by Fred Waller. Big bands Lathrop co-wrote the song "It's Anybody's Moon" with Jimmy Dorsey and Eddie DeLange in 1939. Dorsey and His Orchestra, with Bob Eberly as vocalist, recorded it February 21, 1939, in New York and Decca released it as a 78 rpm B side single (matrix 65052-A; catalog # 2322). Glenn Miller Lathrop was guitarist and vocalist with Glenn Miller from 1940 to 1942. While a member, Lathrop composed "Helpless", featuring vocals by Ray Eberle, and "Long Time No See, Baby", featuring vocals by Marion Hutton, which were released as 78 singles on RCA.

This is a document about I See the Moon
  The Mariners, in the United States, and The Stargazers, in the United Kingdom, had the best-known versions. The Stargazers' recording, released on the Decca Records label, reached number one in the UK Singles Chart in 1954. In taking "I See the Moon" to number one, the Stargazers became the first act in British chart history to reach number one with their first two records to reach the chart. Several singles released in the interim failed to chart. The Stargazers' recording was produced by Dick Rowe, one of eight of his UK chart topping successes in that role. The Mariners' version, released in 1953 on Columbia Records, reached number 14 in the United States. A recording by Don Cameron with Morton Fraser's Harmonica Band was made in London on February 17, 1954. It was released by EMI on the His Master's Voice label as catalog number B 10675. Nancy Sinatra released a version on Reprise Records in 1963.

This is a document about Rumble (2002 film)
 Gene Vincent & His Blue Caps: B-I-Bickey-Bi, Bo-Bo-Go ; The Johnny Otis Show: Willie And The Hand Jive ; Johnny Burnette & The Rock'n Roll Trio: The Train Kept A'Rollin ; Don & Dewey: Koko Joe ; Roy Orbison & Teen Kings: Go! Go! Go! ; Augie Rios: Linda Lou ; Elvis Presley: Blue Moon ; Freddie Cannon: Tallahassie Lassie ; Sandy Nelson: Let There Be Drums ; The Flamingos: I Only Have Eyes For You ; Ray Sharpe: Linda Lu ; Thurston Harris: Little Bitty Pretty One ; Ronnie Dee: Action Packed ; Ronnie Self: Bop-A-Lena ; Jackie Morningstar: Rockin' In The Graveyard ; The Teen Queens: Eddie My Love ; Shep And The Limelites: Daddy's Home ; Lord Dent & His Invaders: Wolf Call ; The Wailers: Mau Mau ; The Capris: There's A Moon Out Tonight ; The Jive Bombers: Bad Boy

This is a document about The Capris
  The Capris are an American doo wop group who became a one-hit wonder in 1961 with "There's a Moon Out Tonight." They experienced a popularity and performing resurgence in the 1980s, when three members reformed and The Manhattan Transfer recorded their song, "Morse Code of Love," which reached the US Hot 100 and the U.S. AC top 20.

This is a document about La Luna (Sarah Brightman album)
  La Luna was changed considerably for its US release. Song additions include "La Lune", "Winter in July", and Brightman's covers of the Procol Harum classic "A Whiter Shade of Pale" and Henry Mancini's "Moon River". Song changes include replacing the European release's versions of "How Fair This Spot" and "She Doesn't See Him" with the lyrically different "How Fair This Place" and "He Doesn't See Me", along with an extended version of "Serenade" and a more contemporary "La Luna". EMI later used La Luna US version for their SACD 5.1 release of the album.

This is a document about Live at the Fillmore East (Neil Young album)
  Night, which explores Young's grief at the loss of friends to drugs. A studio version of this song appears on the album Crazy Horse. While the song is credited to Young and Whitten both on that album and on Tonight's the Night, here "Downtown" is credited to Whitten alone. (At the very end of the final track, "Cowgirl in the Sand", one can hear the studio version of James Taylor's "Sweet Baby James" being played.) The release features two other songs from the era that wouldn't see the light of day until years after the concert. "Winterlong" was first released on the 1977 compilation Decade and "Wonderin'"

This is a document about Doo-wop
  like their black counterparts, lived in rough neighborhoods (e.g., the Bronx and Brooklyn), learned their basic musical craft singing in church, and would gain experience in the new style by singing on street corners. New York was the capital of Italian doo-wop, and all its boroughs were home to groups that made successful records. By the late 1950s and early 1960s, many Italian-American groups had national hits: Dion and the Belmonts scored with "I Wonder Why", "Teenager in Love", and "Where or When"; the Capris made their name in 1960 with "There's a Moon Out Tonight"; Randy & the Rainbows, who charted with their Top #10 1963 single "Denise". Other Italian-American doo-wop groups were the

The Capris originally sang "There's a Moon Out Tonight." However, the song gained significant popularity when it was re-released in 1961, and various artists, including The Capris, covered it.


Question: when is season 13 of america 's got talent starting

Answer: May 29 , 2018

This is a document about America's Got Talent (season 13)
 was brought to Netflix on May 31. In Singapore, the show was broadcast on MediaCorp Channel 5 every Thursday starting May 31, 2018. America's Got Talent (season 13) Season thirteen of the reality competition series "America's Got Talent" premiered on May 29, 2018, on NBC. Howie Mandel, Mel B, Heidi Klum and Simon Cowell returned as judges for their respective ninth, sixth, sixth, and third seasons. Meanwhile, Tyra Banks returned for her second season as host. The live shows returned to the Dolby Theatre, beginning August 14, 2018. "AGT" is co-produced by FremantleMedia North America and Syco Entertainment, Cowell's company.

This is a document about America's Got Talent (season 13)
 America's Got Talent (season 13) Season thirteen of the reality competition series "America's Got Talent" premiered on May 29, 2018, on NBC. Howie Mandel, Mel B, Heidi Klum and Simon Cowell returned as judges for their respective ninth, sixth, sixth, and third seasons. Meanwhile, Tyra Banks returned for her second season as host. The live shows returned to the Dolby Theatre, beginning August 14, 2018. "AGT" is co-produced by FremantleMedia North America and Syco Entertainment, Cowell's company. Dunkin Donuts is a sponsor for a fourth consecutive season. Shin Lim was named the winner on the season finale, September 19, 2018.

This is a document about America's Got Talent (season 13)
  The thirteenth season of American talent show competition series America's Got Talent was broadcast on NBC from May 29 to September 19, 2018. The season saw no major changes to the program, with the guest judges for this season's Judge Cuts stage including Ken Jeong, Olivia Munn, Martina McBride, and Chris Hardwick. The thirteenth season was won by close-up magician Shin Lim, with acrobatic group Zurcaroh finishing second, and electric violinist Brian King Joseph placing third. During its broadcast, the season averaged around 11.15 million viewers.

This is a document about America's Got Talent
  The thirteenth season was aired during 2018, between May 29 to September 19. Open auditions were held in late 2017 to early 2018, within Orlando, Cincinnati, Savannah, Milwaukee, Houston, Las Vegas, New York, Nashville, and Los Angeles, with the Judges' auditions filmed in March 2018 at the Pasadena Civic Auditorium in Los Angeles. A minor change was made to the format of the Judge Cuts in terms of the number of participants in this stage from the auditions being reduced to 72, with around 18 performing each week. The guest judges who featured in the Judge Cuts for the thirteenth season consisted of Ken Jeong, Olivia Munn, Martina McBride, and Chris Hardwick. This season was won by magician Shin Lim, with acrobatic group Zurcaroh coming in second, and violinist Brian King Joseph placing third.

This is a document about Graveyard Carz
  Season 13 began on March 16, 2021.

This is a document about RuPaul's Drag Race (season 13)
  The thirteenth season of RuPaul's Drag Race premiered on January 1 and concluded on April 23, 2021. The cast was announced via Twitter on December 9, 2020. The competition is broadcast on VH1 in the United States and showcases 13 new queens competing for the title of "America's Next Drag Superstar". VH1 renewed both RuPaul's Drag Race and its spin-off RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars for a thirteenth and sixth season respectively on August 20, 2020. Casting calls for season 13 were opened in December 2019. In addition to airing on VH1, the premiere episode was also simulcast across 5 other channels: Logo, MTV, MTV2, Pop, and The CW, becoming the most-watched episode in the franchise's history. After the season's first teaser trailer was accidentally leaked a day prior, the cast was officially revealed by season

This is a document about Shin Lim
  Lim had been contacted by the producers of America's Got Talent after his 2015 appearance on Fool Us to see his interest in performing, but he initially turned it down as he had only one major act he could perform. By 2017 following his second appearance on Fool Us, Lim felt he was ready to appear on America's Got Talent, and was further encouraged to try out by his fiancée Casey Thomas, a dancer and assistant to another magician when he had met her. Thomas encouraged Lim and provided him with advice from her own work to improve his routines. Lim was selected for the 13th season of the show, and on September 19, 2018, he was announced as the winner. In addition to a US$1 million prize, Lim

This is a document about The Voice of Greece (season 6)
  The thirteenth blind audition episode was broadcast on November 8, 2019.

This is a document about Angel City Chorale
  In 2018, Angel City Chorale competed in the 13th season of America's Got Talent on NBC. Their first performance aired on July 10, 2018 with their performance of Toto's Africa, after which the group advanced to the next round, the Judge's Cuts. In the Judge's Cut show which aired on Jul 24, 2018, the group performed Christopher Tin's "Baba Yetu", and received the Golden Buzzer from guest judge Olivia Munn. For their first live performance on AGT which aired on August 15, 2018, they performed “This is Me” from The Greatest Showman which landed the group in the Dunkin Save. After receiving the majority of viewer votes from the Dunkin Save, they advanced to the Semifinal round. On September 11, for the Semifinals, they performed The Rising by Bruce Springsteen in honor of the heroes from 9/11, but were subsequently eliminated the next night.

This is a document about Britain's Got Talent
  The thirteenth series was aired during 2019, between 6 April to 2 June. Following his absence from the previous series' live episodes, Anthony McPartlin made his return to Britain's Got Talent this year. Auditions were held across the same cities as before, including London and Manchester. This series saw three notable events – the withdrawal of an act from the live semi-finals, despite securing a place through their audition; the surprise return of a participant from a previous series' contest, operating under a veiled alias; and the contest being won by the oldest participant to take part. The series was won by singer Colin Thackery, with mentalist Marc Spelmann (under the stage name of "X") coming second, and magician Ben Hart placing third.

This is a document about Britain's Got Talent (series 13)
  The thirteenth series of British talent competition programme Britain's Got Talent was broadcast on ITV, from 6 April to 2 June 2019. This series became the first to see the return of Anthony McPartlin to his television duties, hosting alongside Declan Donnelly (colloquially forming the hosting duo known as Ant & Dec), following his absence the previous year to attend rehabilitation prior to the start of the previous series' live episodes. Alongside McPartlin's return, the competition for this year saw the oldest participant to win Britain's Got Talent, and the surprise return of a performer who participated in a previous year's contest, operating under an alias until their final appearance. The thirteenth series was won by 89-year-old singer Colin Thackery, with mentalist Marc Spelmann (under the stage name "X") finishing in second place and magician Ben Hart in third place. During its broadcast, the series averaged 8.32 million viewers.

This is a document about American Ninja Warrior (season 13)
  The thirteenth season of the American game show television series American Ninja Warrior premiered on May 31, 2021 on NBC. The season contain 12 episodes. A spin-off from the Japanese reality series Sasuke, it is hosted by Matt Iseman, Akbar Gbaja-Biamila, and Zuri Hall. Similarities between this season and the last one include the fact that filming took place in limited locations and there were no audiences during taping. The series was announced in November 2020, a few weeks after the previous season finished airing. Applications were officially being accepted that month. The series was also a full season, as opposed to the shortened, 8-episode season seen in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Filming took place entirely in Tacoma, Washington and Los Angeles, California, with the national finals filming in Las Vegas. The age requirement

This is a document about America's Got Talent (season 14)
  The fourteenth season of American talent show competition series America's Got Talent was broadcast on NBC from May 28 to September 18, 2019. Following the previous season, Tyra Banks left the program to focus on other projects, leading to Terry Crews replacing her as host following his involvement on America's Got Talent: The Champions earlier that year. In addition, both Mel B and Heidi Klum also left the program, with their replacements as judges being Gabrielle Union and Julianne Hough. The guest judges for this season's Judge Cuts stage included Brad Paisley, Dwyane Wade, Ellie Kemper, and Jay Leno, with the semi-finals also involving two additional guest judges, a first in the program's history: Sean Hayes and Queen Latifah. The fourteenth season was won by singer and pianist Kodi Lee, with choir Detroit Youth Choir finishing second, and stand-up comedian Ryan Niemiller placing third. During its broadcast, the season averaged around 9.12 million viewers.

This is a document about America's Got Talent
  to retire from the show due to comments he made about the network; despite being under contract to continue his hosting duties, NBC eventually replaced him with Tyra Banks for the twelfth season. On February 11, 2019, NBC announced a change to the program's host and its judging panel following the conclusion of the thirteenth season – Banks had decided to move on to other projects, leading to her being replaced by Terry Crews, who was already working with the network as host of America's Got Talent: The Champions; both Klum and Mel B decided to leave America's Got Talent due to other commitments that

This is a document about America's Got Talent: The Champions
  the contest to be held between September and October that year, but with the program pre-recorded – filming would take place throughout the competition, and episodes of all stages would be edited before their broadcast as part of the network's 2018/2019 winter schedule, thus ensuring those involved in the spin-off, both host and judges, would not have any conflicting work schedules to prevent their participation on The Champions. The new spin-off soon gained approval for production, and its creation was announced on May 12, 2018. As part of the new production, Cowell decided that, alongside himself, the judges from America's Got Talents thirteenth season would be involved in the spin-off competition – Mel B was the first to announce her involvement on July 27, with Heidi Klum and Howie Mandel revealed

This is a document about Live from the Artists Den
 Shawn Mendes at the 99 Scott in Brooklyn, NY ; Charli XCX at Pier 17 in New York, NY ; James Bay at Webster Hall in New York, NY ; Vance Joy at Sunset Center in Carmel-by-the-Sea, CA Season Thirteen premiered in September 2019

This is a document about America's Got Talent (season 15)
  The fifteenth season of the American talent show competition series America's Got Talent was broadcast on NBC from May 26 to September 23, 2020. Following the previous season, both Julianne Hough and Gabrielle Union left the program, leading to both being replaced prior to filming –  Heidi Klum was brought back to resume her former role; while Sofía Vergara was hired to join her as a new judge on the judging panel. Alongside this, Simon Cowell was forced to miss the live shows after sustaining an injury in August that year –  while the first two quarter-finals featured guest judges in his place, the remainder of the live episodes were conducted without any further stand-ins. Production on the fifteenth season was greatly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic that hit the United States in 2020, alongside other television programs

This is a document about Dancing with the Stars (American season 13)
  Season 13 premiered September 19, 2011 on ABC airing on Monday at 8:00 PM. The performance show was two hours each Monday from 8:00–10:00. The results show was each Tuesday from 9:00–10:00. The season finale aired Tuesday November 22, 2011.

This is a document about America's Got Talent (season 15)
  held in late 2019, with closed auditions held across January to March the following year. Prior to the main auditions taking place, producers faced the task of finding replacements for Julianne Hough and Gabrielle Union, who had been let go from the program following the conclusion of the previous season. They eventually finalised a decision on February 27, 2020, announcing that Heidi Klum would be returning to America's Got Talent in her former role, alongside newcomer Sofía Vergara. Production on the season was dramatically impacted as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, which was already affecting television and film shoots across the globe. Although

Season 13 of America's Got Talent started on May 29, 2018.


Question: which event involved the training of cuban exiles by the central intelligence agency

Answer: The Bay of Pigs Invasion

This is a document about Bay of Pigs Invasion
 Bay of Pigs Invasion The Bay of Pigs Invasion (Spanish: Invasión de Playa Girón or Invasión de Bahía de Cochinos or Batalla de Girón) was a failed military invasion of Cuba undertaken by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)-sponsored paramilitary group Brigade 2506 on 17 April 1961. A counter-revolutionary military group (made up of mostly Cuban exiles who traveled to the United States after Castro's takeover, but also some US military personnel), trained and funded by the CIA, Brigade 2506 fronted the armed wing of the Democratic Revolutionary Front (DRF) and intended to overthrow the increasingly communist government of Fidel Castro.

This is a document about Félix Rodríguez (soldier)
 the Caribbean Anti-communist Legion, created by Dominican dictator Rafael Trujillo, with the intention of ending communism in Cuba. The invasion of Cuba was a failure and Rodríguez went back to Perkiomen. He graduated in June 1960, and went to live with his parents in Miami, where thousands of Cuban exiles had moved. In September, 1960 he joined a group of Cuban exiles in Guatemala, supported by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), to receive military training. They were called Brigade 2506. Rodriguez participated in the Bay of Pigs invasion as a Paramilitary Operations Officer with the CIA's Special Activities Division (renamed

This is a document about José Miguel Battle Sr
 José Miguel Battle Sr. Jose Miguel Battle Sr. (September 14, 1929 – August 4, 2007) was the nominal leader and founder of "The Corporation," which is otherwise known as the "Cuban Mafia." Battle was born in Havana, Cuba in 1929. A former policeman in Fulgencio Batista's Cuba, Battle assisted the Central Intelligence Agency in the early 1960s in training Cuban exiles and personally volunteering as a soldier in the Cuban liberation effort of the Bay of Pigs Invasion in April 1961. The invasion result was disastrous after President John F. Kennedy aborted American air support just five minutes before the

This is a document about José Miguel Battle Sr
 died from various ailments in South Carolina while in Federal Custody awaiting transfer to another prison. José Miguel Battle Sr. Jose Miguel Battle Sr. (September 14, 1929 – August 4, 2007) was the nominal leader and founder of "The Corporation," which is otherwise known as the "Cuban Mafia." Battle was born in Havana, Cuba in 1929. A former policeman in Fulgencio Batista's Cuba, Battle assisted the Central Intelligence Agency in the early 1960s in training Cuban exiles and personally volunteering as a soldier in the Cuban liberation effort of the Bay of Pigs Invasion in April 1961. The invasion result

This is a document about Operation 40
 Operation 40 Operation 40 was the code name for a Central Intelligence Agency-sponsored counterintelligence group composed of Cuban exiles. The group was formed to seize control of the Cuban government after the Bay of Pigs Invasion. Operation 40 continued to operate unofficially until disbanded in 1970 due to allegations that an aircraft that was carrying cocaine and heroin in support of the group crashed in California. It was approved by President Dwight D. Eisenhower in March 1960, after the January 1959 Cuban Revolution, and was presided over by Vice-president Richard Nixon. On 11 December 1959, following the Cuban Revolution of

This is a document about Frog Skin
 Regiment and 2nd Foreign Parachute Regiment during the First Indochina War. In 1961, the Cuban exiles Brigade 2506 were issued the Frog Skin pattern by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) for the Bay of Pigs Invasion. During the Vietnam War the United States Special Forces issued Frog Skin to the Montagnard for their guerrilla warfare activities. Over the years, many battledress mottle patterns have been developed by militaries around the world that are similar to the Frog Skin. The German created Flecktarn is a multi-coloured mottled pattern, which creates a dithering effect by eliminating hard colour boundaries and has been

This is a document about Operation 40
 He was killed in action. There are many conspiracy theorists that have suggested that there were Operation 40 members present at the assassination of U.S. President John. F Kennedy in Dallas,TX. Operation 40 is a playable faction in the video game "". Operation 40 Operation 40 was the code name for a Central Intelligence Agency-sponsored counterintelligence group composed of Cuban exiles. The group was formed to seize control of the Cuban government after the Bay of Pigs Invasion. Operation 40 continued to operate unofficially until disbanded in 1970 due to allegations that an aircraft that was carrying cocaine and heroin

This is a document about Coordination of United Revolutionary Organizations
 country in 2000. These Cuban exiles were also able to influence US policy. US Federal judge Kathleen Cardone once stated that government prosecutors bungled their case against Carriles; on another occasion, a case against him was dismissed on a technicality. Both Orlando Bosch and Posada Carriles worked for the US Central Intelligence Agency at various points in time. Bosch was in contact with the CIA in 1962 and 1963, as the agency itself admitted, as recorded in the National Security Archive. Posada Carriles was trained by the CIA for the Bay of Pigs invasion in 1961, and subsequently recruited as

This is a document about Coordination of United Revolutionary Organizations
 Carriles emigrated to Miami in 1961, and quickly got involved with anti-Castro activities. He was trained to be a part of the Bay of Pigs Invasion by the CIA, but did not take part in the actual event. He was recruited by the CIA as a "Maritime Training Branch" instructor in 1965. He was also expected to provide information on his fellow Cuban exiles. He spent the next several years working on several CIA projects, including a plot to blow up a Soviet and a Cuban ship in Mexico. Other members of CORU included Guillermo Novo, who unsuccessfully attempted to

This is a document about Luis Posada Carriles
 Luis Posada Carriles Luis Clemente Posada Carriles (February 15, 1928 – May 23, 2018) was a Cuban exile militant and Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) agent. He was considered a terrorist by the United States' Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and the Government of Cuba, among others. Born in Cienfuegos, Posada Carriles fled to the United States after a spell of anti-Castro activism as a student. He helped organize the Bay of Pigs Invasion, and after it failed, became an agent for the CIA. He received training at Fort Benning, and from 1964 to 1967 was involved with a series of

This is a document about Bay of Pigs Invasion
 "a serious threat to world peace," yet, 63 percent of Americans did not want the US to remove Castro. Bay of Pigs Invasion The Bay of Pigs Invasion (Spanish: Invasión de Playa Girón or Invasión de Bahía de Cochinos or Batalla de Girón) was a failed military invasion of Cuba undertaken by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)-sponsored paramilitary group Brigade 2506 on 17 April 1961. A counter-revolutionary military group (made up of mostly Cuban exiles who traveled to the United States after Castro's takeover, but also some US military personnel), trained and funded by the CIA, Brigade 2506 fronted the

This is a document about Director of Central Intelligence
 through an approach similar to the Soviet intelligence agencies, under names including NKVD, MVD, NKGB, MGB, and KGB. Those Soviet organizations also had domestic responsibilities. The rapid expansion of the CIA, and a developed sense of independence under the Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) Allen Dulles exacerbated the problem of the U.S. Intelligence Community's freedom from independent review. After the armed landing of Cuban exiles in the Bay of Pigs Invasion of Cuba in 1961, President Kennedy discharged and replaced Dulles. Dulles had been an O.S.S. veteran from World War II. His autobiography is more noteworthy for giving insight into

This is a document about Gerry Droller
 president Miguel Ydigoras. He helped recruit Cuban exiles into a paramilitary force subsequently named Brigade 2506 that, with considerable finance from the CIA, carried out the abortive invasion of Cuba at the Bay of Pigs on 17 April 1961. He did not speak Spanish, and he was not universally liked by the Cuban exiles. Gerry Droller Gerard "Gerry" Droller (1905? - 1992) was a German CIA officer involved in the covert 1954 Guatemalan coup d'état and the recruitment of Cuban exiles in the preparation of the Bay of Pigs Invasion in April 1961. Gerard Droller was born in Germany. He

This is a document about George Musulin
 CIA. Musulin was not an office clerk, but an operational agent. He was part of a team that was responsible for recruiting and training Cuban exiles to fight against the regime of Fidel Castro. He was disappointed with the failure of the Bay of Pigs Invasion and the loss of human life. Musulin died of complications of diabetes at the age of 72. George Musulin George "Guv" S. Musulin (April 9, 1914 – February 1987) was an officer of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) and naval intelligence services, and in 1950 became a CIA agent. George Musulin was born

This is a document about Roque Dalton
 Cuba, he became involved in the culture and received military training after the Bay of Pigs Invasion. After returning to El Salvador in 1965, he was arrested and interrogated by an agent of the Central Intelligence Agency. In 1969, he returned to Cuba and then Prague, Czechoslovakia to work as correspondent for "The International Review: Problems of Peace and Socialism". In the same year, he won the Poetry Prize Casa de las Américas for his book "Taberna y otros lugares". After leaving Cuba, Dalton became involved in El Salvador's civil war, joining the People's Revolutionary Army (ERP) in 1973. In

This is a document about Luis Posada Carriles
  Luis Clemente Posada Carriles (February 15, 1928 – May 23, 2018) was a Cuban exile militant and Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) agent. He was considered a terrorist by the United States' Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and the Government of Cuba, among others. Born in Cienfuegos, Cuba, Posada fled to the United States after a spell of anti-Castro activism. He helped organize the Bay of Pigs Invasion, and after it failed, became an agent for the CIA. He received training at Fort Benning, and from 1964 to 1967 was involved with a series of bombings and other covert activities against the Cuban government, before joining the Venezuelan intelligence

This is a document about Coordination of United Revolutionary Organizations
  US Central Intelligence Agency at various points in time. Bosch was in contact with the CIA in 1962 and 1963, as the agency itself admitted, as recorded in the National Security Archive. Posada Carriles was trained by the CIA for the Bay of Pigs invasion in 1961, and subsequently recruited as a Maritime Training Branch Instructor. The agency severed his contract in 1967, but he began working for the CIA again in the 1980s, this time in Nicaragua, where he supplied the Contra rebels with arms. After Posada Carriles escaped from a Venezuelan prison in 1985, he was sheltered for a while by Félix Rodríguez, a CIA operative who, at the

This is a document about Cuban Five
  In 1960s and 1970s, there were several attacks against Cuban civilians by U.S.-based exile groups such as Coordination of United Revolutionary Organizations (CORU), Alpha 66, and Omega 7. In a 2001 report by Cuba's Permanent Mission to the United Nations, the Cuban government cataloged 3,478 deaths as a result of "terrorism", "aggression", "acts of piracy and other actions". The events cited span the course of four decades and pertain to attacks such as the bombing of Cubana Flight 455 by men trained by the Central Intelligence Agency, the CIA-supported Bay of Pigs invasion, and the Escambray Rebellion between the government and anti-communist rebels in the Escambray Mountains (see also Operation Mongoose). As a result, the Cuban government had long sought to combat these groups. Their efforts include the use of spies sent to operate in the U.S. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and other U.S. organizations had been monitoring the activities of Cuban spy suspects for more than 30 years.

This is a document about History of Cuba
  As early as September 1959, Valdim Kotchergin, a KGB agent, was seen in Cuba. Jorge Luis Vasquez, a Cuban who was imprisoned in East Germany, states that the East German Stasi trained the personnel of the Cuban Interior Ministry (MINIT). The relationship between the KGB and the Cuban Intelligence Directorate (DI) was complex and marked by both times of close cooperation and times of extreme competition. The Soviet Union saw the new revolutionary government in Cuba as an excellent proxy agent in areas of the world where Soviet involvement was not popular on a local level. Nikolai Leonov, the KGB chief in Mexico City, was one of the first Soviet officials to recognize Fidel Castro's potential as a revolutionary, and urged the Soviet Union to strengthen ties with the new Cuban leader. The USSR saw Cuba as having far more appeal with new revolutionary movements, western intellectuals, and members of the New Left, given Cuba's perceived David and Goliath struggle against U.S. "imperialism". In 1963, shortly after the Cuban Missile Crisis, 1,500 DI agents, including Che Guevara, were invited to the USSR for intensive training in intelligence operations.

The Bay of Pigs Invasion involved the training of Cuban exiles by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Specifically, the Cuban exiles received paramilitary training as part of Operation 40, a CIA-sponsored counter-intelligence group.


Question: when was the mgm in las vegas built

Answer: in 1993

This is a document about MGM Grand Las Vegas
 MGM Grand Las Vegas The MGM Grand Las Vegas (formerly Marina and MGM-Marina) is a hotel and casino located on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada. The MGM Grand is the largest single hotel in the United States with 6,852 rooms. It is also the third-largest hotel complex in the world by number of rooms and second-largest hotel resort complex in the United States behind the combined The Venetian and The Palazzo. When it opened in 1993, the MGM Grand was the largest hotel complex in the world. Owned and operated by MGM Resorts International, the 30-floor main building

This is a document about MGM Grand Garden Arena
 MGM Grand Garden Arena The MGM Grand Garden Arena is one of two major sporting arenas in the Las Vegas Area. The MGM Grand Garden Arena (originally known as the MGM Grand Garden Special Events Center) is a multi-purpose arena located within the MGM Grand Las Vegas on the Las Vegas Strip. From its opening in 1993 until the opening of the MGM co-owned T-Mobile Arena in 2016, MGM Grand Garden Arena along with the Thomas & Mack Center were the main sports arenas in the Las Vegas area. The arena is well known for numerous professional boxing superfights, such

This is a document about Transportation in Las Vegas
 piece of the Las Vegas transportation system. The system was conceived in 1993 as a connection between the MGM Grand and Bally's Las Vegas. It was completed, after many delays, in the summer of 2004 with the completion of what is known as "Phase One" of the monorail. The monorail runs between the MGM Grand and the SLS which opened in August 2014 replacing the Sahara Casino. In January 2017, the city of Las Vegas, fleet logistics provider, Keolis North America, and the shuttle manufacturer Navya, partnered to test a driverless shuttle in Downtown Las Vegas on Fremont Street between

This is a document about Grand Sierra Resort
  In 1975, officials from the Metro-Goldwyn Mayer Company began to scout out Reno locations for their proposed high rise hotel-casino they wanted to model after their very high-profile Las Vegas casino, the MGM Grand. Following a deal with and approval from the City Council, MGM purchased land between Mill and 2nd Streets, at that time a gravel pit. The Summer of 1976 saw construction begin on the 26 story, 1,015 room property that would then be one of the largest in the world. After two years of fast-tracked construction, the building opened with fanfare, fashion and media attention on May 3, 1978. In the Summer of 1981, MGM opened an expansion

This is a document about Downtown Las Vegas
  their families helped Las Vegas avoid economic calamity during the Great Depression. It was completed in 1935. Key hotel developments serving tourists in Las Vegas included the El Cortez (1941) on Fremont and Last Frontier (1942) on U.S. Route 91, further south, later to be known as Las Vegas Boulevard/Strip. Following World War II, lavishly decorated hotels, gambling casinos and big-name entertainment became synonymous with Las Vegas. The first large casino in Las Vegas was built downtown, the Golden Nugget, completed in 1946. In 1951, the first atomic bomb detonation at the Nevada Test Site, 65 miles northwest of Las Vegas, occurred. City residents and visitors

This is a document about MGM Grand Las Vegas
  South Las Vegas Boulevard, was built by Wiesner Investment Company and was opened in 1975. In 1989, Wiesner and his partners sold the Marina to Kirk Kerkorian, who also bought the Tropicana Country Club, located behind the Marina and across Tropicana Avenue from the Tropicana and San Rémo hotels to obtain the site that would become the home of the MGM Grand. Kerkorian saw the Marina as a stable and solidly built resort, and decided not to destroy the hotel, but to build around it. During that time, the Marina was known as the MGM-Marina Hotel. The Marina closed on November 30, 1990, and ground was broken for the new casino hotel complex on October 7, 1991. The Marina hotel building still exists as the west wing of the main hotel building.

This is a document about Downtown Las Vegas
  Las Vegas was founded as a city in 1905, when 110 acres of land adjacent to the Union Pacific Railroad tracks were auctioned in what would become the downtown area. The first hotel in the area, the Hotel Nevada, was built in 1906; it is still operating as the Golden Gate Hotel and Casino. In 1911, Las Vegas was incorporated as a city. The year 1931 was a pivotal one for Las Vegas. At that time, Nevada legalized casino gambling and reduced residency requirements for divorce to six weeks. This year also witnessed the beginning of construction on nearby Hoover Dam. The influx of construction workers

This is a document about Martin Stern Jr.
  Martin Stern Jr. designed the International Hotel, which later became the Las Vegas Hilton, and the first MGM Grand Hotel and Casino, two pivotal Martin Stern Jr. projects with entrepreneur Kirk Kerkorian in 1969 and 1973, which set the pace for the transformation of Las Vegas from a low-rise sprawl of motels, clubs and parking lots into an extravagant high-rise metropolis. The Daily Telegraph (London) wrote of the first Stern and Kerkorian project in its September 2001 eulogy to Stern: "The International, whose tri-form 30-floor tower contained 1,519 rooms and became the most imitated building on the Las Vegas Strip, provided the model for the Bellagio, Treasure Island, Mirage and Mandalay Bay, among other hotels." When it

This is a document about The Mirage
  The Mirage, initially scheduled for an opening in early December 1989, was opened early on November 22, 1989. At the time of its opening, the Mirage was the largest hotel in the world, with 3,044 rooms. The hotel tower, standing 29 stories, was built out in a Y-shape design, a concept that was later copied by Las Vegas' Treasure Island, Monte Carlo, and Mandalay Bay resorts. The hotel's top five floors were used exclusively for high roller rooms and penthouse suites. The Mirage was the first new resort to be built on the Las Vegas Strip in 16 years, after the completion of the MGM Grand in 1973. When it opened, the Mirage was the first casino to use security

This is a document about The Signature at MGM Grand
  MGM Grand, began in early 2004. The property could accommodate up to six towers, and the ultimate number of towers was dependent on sales. A total of three towers was ultimately decided upon. Construction of the first tower was underway later in 2004, near the corner of Harmon Avenue and Koval Lane. Construction of the second tower was expected to begin in early 2005. Excavation for the final tower was underway in September 2005, three months earlier than initially planned. Construction began early after more than half of the tower's 576 units were sold. The first tower was topped off on October 7,

This is a document about MGM Resorts International
  interest in MGM Growth Properties, a real estate investment trust. The company began operations in 1987 as MGM Grand, Inc. and became MGM Mirage in 2000, after acquiring Mirage Resorts. In the mid-2000s, growth of its non-gaming (lodging, food, retail) revenue began to outpace gaming receipts and demand for high-rise condominiums was surging, with median property prices in Las Vegas twice the national average. The company shifted its focus from owning and operating resorts and casinos to developing and building real estate in the leisure and gaming industry—launching the massive CityCenter mixed-use project, which was at the time of its construction the world's largest construction site

This is a document about Primm Valley Resorts
  Vegas Strip. Gary Primm of Primadonna Resorts approached MGM Grand Inc. president Bob Maxey in 1994 with an idea for the site: a casino recreating the New York skyline. A joint venture was formed between the two companies, and construction began in March 1995. Completed at a cost of $460 million, the New York-New York Hotel and Casino opened in January 1997. The Las Vegas Outlet Mall was added as a part of the Primadonna Resort in 1998. On March 1, 1999, MGM Grand Inc. acquired Primadonna Resorts in an all-stock transaction that had been announced on November 9, 1998. Since the initiation of New York-New York,

This is a document about Kirk Kerkorian
  Kerkor "Kirk" Kerkorian (June 6, 1917 – June 15, 2015) was an American businessman, investor, and philanthropist. He was the president and CEO of Tracinda Corporation, his private holding company based in Beverly Hills, California. Kerkorian was one of the important figures in the shaping of Las Vegas and, with architect Martin Stern Jr. described him as the "father of the mega-resort". He built the world's largest hotel in Las Vegas three times: the International Hotel (opened in 1969), the MGM Grand Hotel (1973) and the MGM Grand (1993). He purchased the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer movie studio in 1979. Of Armenian descent,

This is a document about History of Las Vegas
 1990: Rio and Excalibur ; 1993: MGM Grand, Treasure Island, and Luxor, ; 1996: Stratosphere Tower and Monte Carlo ; 1997: New York-New York ; 1998: Bellagio ; 1999: Mandalay Bay, Venetian, and Paris ; 2000: Planet Hollywood (Formerly Aladdin) ; 2001: Palms ; 2005: Wynn (opened in April by Wynn Resorts Limited opened its new flagship, the constructed at a cost of US$2.7 billion.) The "Mafia/Rat Pack" Las Vegas of the mid-20th century came to a gradual end in the 1980s with the aging out of the World War II generation, the decline of organized crime elements, and the rise of baby boomer entrepreneurs who began a new chapter in the city's history, the so-called megaresort era. Las Vegas began to

This is a document about Luxor Las Vegas
  The resort was announced by Circus Circus Enterprises on November 14, 1991. Known temporarily as "Project X", the pyramid-shaped resort would cost $290 million, and would be built on the Las Vegas Strip, on land located south of the company's Excalibur Hotel and Casino. Groundbreaking took place on April 21, 1992, with the project by then known as "Luxor", after the Egyptian city of the same name. Veldon Simpson was the architect, and Perini Building Company was the general contractor. Waltek, a Cincinnati-based company, provided the metal-and-glass exterior for the pyramid. Standing 30 stories high, the pyramid was one of the largest metal-and-glass projects ever. The pyramid was topped off on July 9, 1993. The Luxor would compete against two other upcoming resorts, MGM

This is a document about Sahara Las Vegas
  built on the land partially occupied by Club Bingo. Del E. Webb Construction Company built the Sahara, which opened on October 7, 1952, as the sixth resort on the Las Vegas Strip. It featured an African theme. Martin Stern Jr. designed several hotel additions for the Sahara, including a 14-story tower that opened in 1960. The Sahara was sold to Del Webb in 1961, and a 24-story hotel tower, also designed by Stern, was opened in 1963. The Sahara began to decline in the 1960s with the opening of several large resorts nearby. Paul Lowden purchased the Sahara in 1982, and a third hotel tower was

This is a document about Hacienda (resort)
  casino eventually opened on October 17, 1956. The $6 million Hacienda had 266 rooms and the largest swimming pool on the Las Vegas Strip. Like the other Hacienda hotels, the Las Vegas property featured a roadsign neon sign that depicted a cowboy riding a palomino horse. It was designed by YESCO and was among the company's most popular signs. The Hacienda was built on the south end of the Las Vegas Strip, making it the first resort to be seen by motor tourists arriving from California. It sat alone at the time, surrounded by desert and away from the other resorts on the Strip. Gaming executives initially predicted that

This is a document about Las Vegas Strip
  rooms, began the era of mega-resorts. The International is known as Westgate Las Vegas today. The first MGM Grand Hotel and Casino, also a Kerkorian property, opened in 1973 with 2,084 rooms. At the time, this was one of the largest hotels in the world by number of rooms. The Rossiya Hotel built in 1967 in Moscow, for instance, had 3,200 rooms; however, most of the rooms in the Rossiya Hotel were single rooms of 118 sq. ft (roughly 1/4 size of a standard room at the MGM Grand Resort). On November 21, 1980, the MGM Grand suffered the worst resort fire in the history of

This is a document about MGM Resorts International
  of $1 billion. The park permanently closed in 2002 due to a lack of interest. The company moved its headquarters from Beverly Hills to Las Vegas in July 1992. During construction of the MGM Grand, the company acquired an option to buy an 18-acre site across the street from the project. Gary Primm of Primadonna Resorts approached MGM president Bob Maxey in 1994 with an idea for the site: a casino recreating the New York skyline. A joint venture was formed between the two companies, and construction began in March 1995. Completed at a cost of $460 million, the New York-New York Hotel and Casino opened in January 1997. With New York-New York under development, MGM Grand made moves to expand in

The MGM Grand Las Vegas was built and opened in 1993.