Question: who played luke skywalker in return of the jedi

Answer: Mark Richard Hamill

This is a document about Mark Hamill
 Mark Hamill Mark Richard Hamill (; born September 25, 1951) is an American stage, screen and voice actor. He is primarily known for playing Luke Skywalker in the "Star Wars" film series and to a lesser degree for his voice-over work in animations and video games as the Joker, beginning with "" in 1992. Hamill has acted in several theater productions, including "The Elephant Man", and is the cowriter of "The Black Pearl" comic book miniseries. Hamill was born in Oakland, California, to Virginia Suzanne (née Johnson) and U.S. Navy Captain William Thomas Hamill. He is one of seven children,

This is a document about Luke Skywalker
  Luke Skywalker is a fictional character and the protagonist of the original film trilogy of the Star Wars franchise created by George Lucas. Portrayed by Mark Hamill, Luke first appeared in Star Wars (1977), and he returned in The Empire Strikes Back (1980) and Return of the Jedi (1983). Three decades later, Hamill returned as Luke in the Star Wars sequel trilogy, appearing in all three films: The Force Awakens (2015), The Last Jedi (2017), and The Rise of Skywalker (2019). He reprised the role in The Mandalorian episode "Chapter 16: The Rescue" (2020), voicing the character that was portrayed by a body double with digital

This is a document about Mark Hamill
  Mark Richard Hamill (born September 25, 1951) is an American actor and voice actor. He is known for playing Luke Skywalker in the Star Wars film series, winning three Saturn Awards for the role. His other film appearances include Corvette Summer (1978) and The Big Red One (1980). Hamill has also appeared on stage in several theater productions, primarily during the 1980s. He is a prolific voice actor who has portrayed characters in many animated television series, films and video games. Hamill is known for his long-standing role as the Joker in various DC Comics projects, commencing with Batman: The Animated Series (1992–1994), Fire Lord Ozai in Avatar: The Last Airbender (2005–2008) and Skips in Regular Show (2010–2017).

This is a document about List of The Mandalorian characters
  Luke Skywalker is the Jedi Master who responds to Grogu's transmission through the Force, rescuing him from Gideon's Dark Troopers in "Chapter 16: The Rescue". Alongside R2-D2, he subsequently agrees to train Grogu as a Jedi Padawan. Luke is portrayed by Mark Hamill, who was digitally de-aged to portray a younger Luke Skywalker. Max Lloyd-Jones served as an on-set body double for the character.

This is a document about Return of the Jedi
  Return of the Jedi (also known as Star Wars: Episode VI – Return of the Jedi is a 1983 American epic space opera film directed by Richard Marquand. The screenplay is by Lawrence Kasdan and George Lucas from a story by Lucas, who was also the executive producer. The sequel to Star Wars (1977) and The Empire Strikes Back (1980), it is the third installment in the original Star Wars trilogy, the third film to be produced, and the sixth film in the "Skywalker saga". The film stars Mark Hamill, Harrison Ford, Carrie Fisher, Billy Dee Williams, Anthony Daniels, David Prowse, Kenny Baker, Peter Mayhew and Frank Oz. Set one year after

This is a document about Billy Dee Williams
  William December "Billy Dee" Williams Jr. (born April 6, 1937) is an American actor and novelist. He appeared as Lando Calrissian in the Star Wars franchise, first in the early 1980s for The Empire Strikes Back (1980) and Return of the Jedi (1983), and thirty-six years later in The Rise of Skywalker (2019), marking one of the longest intervals between onscreen portrayals of a character by the same actor in American film history. Williams was born in New York City, and raised with his twin sister Loretta in Harlem. In 1945, he made his Broadway theatre debut at age seven in The Firebrand of Florence. He later graduated from The

This is a document about Mark Hamill
  his own role in the film, stating that he and director Rian Johnson had "a fundamental difference" on Skywalker's characterization. Hamill later expressed regret for having made those statements, calling the film an "all-time great", and reprised his role as Skywalker again in Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker. Hamill also has a brief vocal cameo in The Last Jedi as a droid as well as in Rogue One and Solo: A Star Wars Story in undisclosed roles, for which he was credited as "William M. Patrick" and "Patrick Williams". Hamill was digitally de-aged to reprise his role as Luke Skywalker in the Season 2 finale of The Mandalorian.

This is a document about Live Read
 Cast ; Aaron Paul as Luke Skywalker (originally played by Mark Hamill) ; Elliot Page as Han Solo (originally played by Harrison Ford) ; Jessica Alba as Princess Leia Organa (originally played by Carrie Fisher) ; Dennis Haysbert as Lando Calrissian (originally played by Billy Dee Williams) ; Stephen Merchant as C-3PO (originally played by Anthony Daniels) ; Jason Reitman as R2-D2 (originally played by Kenny Baker), in addition to his usual reading of stage directions ; J. K. Simmons as Darth Vader (originally played by David Prowse and voiced by James Earl Jones) ; Kevin Pollak as Yoda (originally played by Frank Oz) and others ; Rainn Wilson as Chewbacca (originally played by Peter Mayhew) ; Mark Hamill as Obi-Wan Kenobi (originally played by Alec Guinness) and the Emperor (originally played by Clive Revill) (Hamill played Luke in the original film) The Empire Strikes Back by Leigh Brackett and Lawrence Kasdan, story by George Lucas.

This is a document about Skywalker family
  Luke Skywalker (portrayed by Mark Hamill) is the brother of Leia Organa, the brother-in-law of Han Solo, the uncle of Ben Solo, the son of Anakin Skywalker and Padmé Amidala, and the grandson of Shmi Skywalker. He is taken in by his uncle and aunt, Owen and Beru Lars, after the death of Padmé and Anakin's fall to the dark side. He is Force-sensitive and skilled with a lightsaber. In Return of the Jedi, a dying Yoda confirms to Luke, that Darth Vader (previously Anakin Skywalker) is actually his father, despite Luke's belief that Vader's claim to fatherhood in The Empire Strikes Back was a ruse to pull Luke to the dark side. He also finds out from Obi-Wan's Force

This is a document about Mark Hamill
  was released on December 18, 2015. Initially, both Disney and Hamill were coy about whether Hamill would be a cast member of The Force Awakens. It was reported that Hamill had been assigned a nutritionist and personal trainer to work with ahead of production. In September 2013, Hamill's friend Robert Englund confirmed that "they've got Mark in the gym because Mark's coming back as Luke Skywalker." Despite having top billing, Hamill only appears briefly at the end of the film (with no dialogue) in a cliffhanger set-up for the sequel. Hamill played Skywalker again in Star Wars: The Last Jedi, released on December 15, 2017. Hamill was initially critical

This is a document about Mark Hamill
  in the successful sequels The Empire Strikes Back and Return of the Jedi. During the time between the first two films, Hamill was involved in a serious automobile accident, fracturing his nose and left cheekbone. False rumors spread that he required plastic surgery on his face. For both of the sequels, Hamill was honored with the Saturn Award for Best Actor given by the Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy and Horror Films. Hamill reprised the role of Luke Skywalker for the radio dramatizations of both Star Wars and The Empire Strikes Back. For the Return of the Jedi radio drama, the role was played by a different actor. Editions

This is a document about List of Star Wars cast members
  multiple lead actors. In the primary series, dubbed the "Skywalker saga", Mark Hamill and Carrie Fisher starred as Luke Skywalker and Princess Leia respectively in the original films Star Wars (1977), The Empire Strikes Back (1980) and Return of the Jedi (1983) and reprised the roles in the sequel trilogy films Star Wars: The Force Awakens (2015), Star Wars: The Last Jedi (2017) and Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker (2019). James Earl Jones, David Prowse and Sebastian Shaw collectively portrayed Anakin Skywalker / Darth Vader, and Alec Guinness portrayed Obi-Wan Kenobi in the original films. Jake Lloyd and Hayden Christensen portray a younger version of Anakin in the first and next two installments

This is a document about Sebastian Shaw (actor)
   In 1982, Shaw was chosen for the small but crucial role of redeemed, unmasked and dying Anakin Skywalker in Return of the Jedi, the third and final film in the original Star Wars trilogy. As in the previous films, David Prowse and Bob Anderson played the costumed scenes, while James Earl Jones and Ben Burtt provided the voice and breaths of Darth Vader. Shaw was cast in a single scene with Mark Hamill, during the moment aboard the second Death Star when Luke Skywalker unmasks his dying father. Since the scene was unquestionably the emotional climax of the film, the casting crew sought an experienced actor for the role. Contrary to popular belief, Shaw was familiar

This is a document about Lightsaber
  The technical lightsaber choreography for the original Star Wars trilogy was developed by Hollywood sword-master Bob Anderson. Anderson personally trained Mark Hamill (Luke Skywalker) and, in The Empire Strikes Back and Return of the Jedi, performed all the stunts as Darth Vader during the lightsaber duels wearing Vader's costume. Anderson's role in the trilogy was highlighted in the film Reclaiming the Blade where he shared his experiences as a fencer developing the lightsaber techniques for the three original movies. The lightsaber duels in the Star Wars prequel trilogy were specifically choreographed by stunt-coordinator Nick Gillard to be miniature "stories". For these films, Gillard was the primary sword instructor for Liam Neeson (Qui-Gon Jinn), Ewan McGregor (Obi-Wan Kenobi), Ray Park

This is a document about Star Wars (radio series)
  Several actors reprised their roles in the film. Mark Hamill and Anthony Daniels returned to reprise their roles as Luke Skywalker and C-3PO, respectively. • Mark Hamill as Luke Skywalker • Ann Sachs as Princess Leia Organa • Perry King as Han Solo • Bernard Behrens as Obi-Wan Kenobi • Brock Peters as Darth Vader • Anthony Daniels as C-3PO • Keene Curtis as Grand Moff Tarkin • John Considine as Lord Tion • Stephen Elliott as Prestor (Bail Organa) • David Ackroyd as Captain Antilles • Adam Arkin as Fixer • Kale Browne as Biggs Darklighter • David Clennon as Motti • Anne Gerety as Aunt Beru • Thomas Hill as Uncle Owen • David Paymer as Deak • Joel Brooks as Heater • John Dukakis as Rebel • Stephanie Steele as Camie • Phillip Kellard as Customer No. 2 The supporting cast included James Blendick, Clyde Burton, Bruce French, David Alan Grier, Jerry Hardin, John Harkins, Scott Jacoby, Meshach Taylor, Marc Vahanian, John Welsh, and Kent Williams. Ken Hiller provides the narration.

This is a document about Star Wars: The Last Jedi
 Mark Hamill as Luke Skywalker, a powerful Jedi Master who has been in self-imposed exile on the planet Ahch-To. ; Hamill voices Dobbu Scay, named after the film's editor, Bob Ducsay. On Canto Bight, the character mistakes BB-8 for a slot machine. ; Carrie Fisher as General Leia Organa, twin sister to Luke, former princess of Alderaan, and a leading general in the Resistance. ; Adam Driver as Kylo Ren, Supreme Leader Snoke's disciple, who is strong with the Force. He is the son of Han Solo and Leia Organa, and Luke's nephew. ; Daisy Ridley as Rey, a highly Force-sensitive scavenger from the desert planet Jakku who joined the Resistance

This is a document about Return of the Jedi
 Mark Hamill as Luke Skywalker, one of the last living Jedi Knights, trained by Obi-Wan Kenobi and Yoda; Leia's twin brother, Han's friend and Darth Vader's son who is also a skilled X-wing fighter pilot in the Rebellion. ; Harrison Ford as Han Solo, captain of the Millennium Falcon who becomes a General in the Rebellion; Luke's friend, and Leia's love interest. ; Carrie Fisher as Leia Organa, the former princess of the destroyed planet Alderaan, who is a leader of the Rebellion, Luke's twin sister, and Han's love interest. ; Billy Dee Williams as Lando Calrissian, the former Administrator

This is a document about Chapter 16: The Rescue
   Mark Hamill, who starred in the original and sequel trilogies of the Skywalker Saga, co-stars in this episode reprising his role as the famous Jedi Luke Skywalker. The character, who is twenty-eight in the timeline of the series, appears in this episode through the use of a CGI version of Hamill's de-aged likeness, digitally animated over a body double with the use of motion capture. The technique was previously used in the franchise for the appearance of Grand Moff Tarkin and a young Princess Leia in the 2016 film Rogue One, when a CGI version of Carrie Fisher's face was used. Hamill didn't re-record Skywalker's voice. Instead, archive audio recordings of Hamill's voice from the Original Trilogy and other mediums

This is a document about Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker
  appearance of Luke and Leia through the use of facial shots of both characters from the Empire Strikes Back, and Return of the Jedi respectively. In July 2018, Keri Russell was in talks to play a part with some "action-heavy fight scenes", and it was confirmed that Billy Dee Williams would return as Lando Calrissian, onscreen for the first time since 1983's Return of the Jedi — marking one of the longest intervals between portrayals of a character by the same actor in American film history. At the end of July, Russell was confirmed to have been cast, and there was an announcement of returning and additional new cast members. In late August, Deadline Hollywood announced that Dominic

This is a document about Darth Vader
   During production of Return of the Jedi, the casting crew sought an experienced actor for the role of Anakin Skywalker since his death was unquestionably the emotional climax of the film, and Sebastian Shaw was selected for the role. When Shaw arrived at the set for filming, he ran into his friend Ian McDiarmid, the actor playing the Emperor. When McDiarmid asked him what he was doing there, Shaw responded, "I don't know, dear boy, I think it's something to do with science-fiction." His presence during the filming was kept secret from all but the minimum cast and crew, and Shaw was contractually obliged not to discuss any film secrets with anyone, even his family. The unmasking scene, directed by Richard Marquand, was

Mark Hamill played Luke Skywalker in "Return of the Jedi."


Question: who sang youll never walk alone in carousel

Answer: Nettie Fowler

This is a document about You'll Never Walk Alone
 You'll Never Walk Alone "You'll Never Walk Alone" is a show tune from the 1945 Rodgers and Hammerstein musical "Carousel". In the second act of the musical, Nettie Fowler, the cousin of the protagonist Julie Jordan, sings "You'll Never Walk Alone" to comfort and encourage Julie when her husband, Billy Bigelow, the male lead, falls on his knife and dies after a failed robbery attempt. It is reprised in the final scene to encourage a graduation class of which Louise (Billy and Julie's daughter) is a member. The now invisible Billy, who has been granted the chance to return to

This is a document about Christine Johnson (actress)
 opera house. She appeared on CBS radio's "The Squibb Show" twice in 1944. There she sang "It's A Lovely Day" and "My Heart's in the Highlands" with Lyn Murray and His Orchestra. In 1945, Johnson created the role of Nettie Fowler in "Carousel". Rodgers and Hammerstein wrote "You'll Never Walk Alone", which has become a standard, and "June is Busting Out All Over" especially for her. She also sang the role on the show's original cast album. Johnson stayed with the show for hundreds of performances and then toured and studied in Italy for a time. She rejoined "Carousel" during

This is a document about You'll Never Walk Alone
 facts relating to the unlawful killing by negligence of 96 Liverpool supporters. On 13 March 2016, after Borussia Dortmund's 2-0 win against 1. FSV Mainz 05 in the German Bundesliga, supporters of both teams performed the song to commemorate a Dortmund fan who died from a cardiac arrest in the stands during the game. You'll Never Walk Alone "You'll Never Walk Alone" is a show tune from the 1945 Rodgers and Hammerstein musical "Carousel". In the second act of the musical, Nettie Fowler, the cousin of the protagonist Julie Jordan, sings "You'll Never Walk Alone" to comfort and encourage Julie

This is a document about 69th Tony Awards
 Jayne Meadows Allen ; Lauren Bacall ; Polly Bergen ; Bunny Briggs ; Stanley Chase ; B.J. Crosby ; Ruby Dee ; Eugene Louis 'Luigi' Faccuito ; James Garner ; Gerry Goffin ; Carole L. Haber ; Joseph P. Harris ; Edward Herrmann ; Geoffrey Holder ; Louis Jourdan ; Charles Keating ; Robert H. Livingston ; Brian Macdonald ; Geraldine McEwan ; Anne Meara ; Barry Moss ; Rosemary Murphy ; Peter Neufeld ; Mike Nichols ; Leonard Nimoy ; Joan Rivers ; Mary Rodgers ; Julius Rudel ; Donald Saddler ; Herb Schapiro ; Gene Saks ; Richard Seader ; Donald Sinden ; Elaine Stritch ; Marian Seldes ; Andrea "Spook" Testani ; Jay Thompson ; Voytek ; Eli Wallach ; Robin Williams ; Elizabeth Wilson ; Julie Wilson During the tribute Josh Groban sang the song "You'll Never Walk Alone" from the musical Carousel.

This is a document about You'll Never Walk Alone
  "You'll Never Walk Alone" is a show tune from the 1945 Rodgers and Hammerstein musical Carousel. In the second act of the musical, Nettie Fowler, the cousin of the protagonist Julie Jordan, sings "You'll Never Walk Alone" to comfort and encourage Julie when her husband, Billy Bigelow, the male lead, accidentally falls on to his knife whilst trying to run away after attempting a robbery with his mate Jigger and dies in her arms. The song is reprised in the final scene to encourage a graduation class of which Louise (Billy and Julie's daughter) is a member. The now invisible Billy, who has been granted the chance to return

This is a document about Roy Hamilton
  In mid-1953, Hamilton was discovered singing in a Newark, New Jersey night club, The Caravan, by Bill Cook, who became his manager. Cook was the first African American radio disc jockey and television personality on the East Coast. Cook made a demo tape of Hamilton's singing and brought it to the attention of Columbia Records. Columbia was impressed enough to sign Hamilton to their rhythm and blues subsidiary, Okeh Records. On November 11, 1953, Hamilton made his first recordings for the label in New York City. The session produced Rodgers and Hammerstein's "You'll Never Walk Alone" from the musical Carousel. The

This is a document about Carousel (musical)
  become a widely accepted hymn. The cast recording of Carousel proved popular in Liverpool, like many Broadway albums, and in 1963, the Brian Epstein-managed band, Gerry and the Pacemakers had a number-one hit with the song. At the time, the top ten hits were played before Liverpool F.C. home matches; even after "You'll Never Walk Alone" dropped out of the top ten, fans continued to sing it, and it has become closely associated with the soccer team and the city of Liverpool. A BBC program, Soul Music, ranked it alongside "Silent Night" and "Abide With Me" in terms of its emotional impact and iconic status.

This is a document about Carousel (film)
  Never Walk Alone – Shirley Jones/Claramae Turner ; 15) Louise's Ballet – Orchestra/Newman ; 16) If I Loved You (reprise) – Gordon MacRae ; 17) You'll Never Walk Alone (Finale) – Shirley Jones and Chorus ; 18) Carousel Waltz (album version) – Orchestra/Newman (an additional track that contains the full eight-minute "Carousel Waltz"). The soundtrack album was first issued on vinyl LP in 1956 by Capitol Records, but only in mono. However, because the film's soundtrack had been recorded in then state-of-the-art stereo, as all Cinemascope films were back then, it was possible for Capitol to release a stereo version of the album in 1958, after stereo records became a reality. The

This is a document about Carousel
  carnival's carousel can cause riders to become younger or older depending on the direction, left and right in which they ride. ; Carousel (1945) was a Broadway musical featuring hit songs such as "If I Loved You" and "You'll Never Walk Alone". The protagonist, Billy Bigelow, is a carousel barker. ; In the dramatic climax scene of Alfred Hitchcock's Strangers on a Train (1951) the hero and the villain struggle on a carousel. ; David Carradine's 1983 film Americana revolves around a Vietnam veteran's obsession with the restoration of an abandoned carousel. ; In the Australian children's picture book The Carousel by Ursula Dubosarsky, illustrated by Walter di Qual, after an

This is a document about Rodgers and Hammerstein
  The original production of Carousel was directed by Rouben Mamoulian and opened at Broadway's Majestic Theatre on April 19, 1945, running for 890 performances and closing on May 24, 1947. The cast included John Raitt, Jan Clayton, Jean Darling, Christine Johnson and Bambi Linn. From this show came the hit musical numbers "The Carousel Waltz" (an instrumental), "If I Loved You", "June Is Bustin' Out All Over", and "You'll Never Walk Alone". Carousel was also revolutionary for its time – adapted from Ferenc Molnár's play Liliom, it was one of the first musicals to contain a tragic plot about an antihero; it also contained an extended ballet that was crucial to the

This is a document about The Village of St. Bernadette
  "Look for the Silver Lining" was first popularized in the 1920 Broadway musical Sally and had three versions make the charts in 1921: a duet Charles Harrison and Elsie Baker (who was credited as Edna Brown), another duet by Lewis James and Elizabeth Spencer, and a solo recording by Marion Harris. "You'll Never Walk Alone" was first included on the original cast recording of the 1945 Broadway musical Carousel, and that September Frank Sinatra spent one week with the song on the charts in Billboard magazine. In 1950, the three recordings of "Our Lady of Fatima" that made the charts were by Red Foley, Richard Hayes and Kitty Kallen,  and Phil Spitalny & His Hour of Charm Choir. The French vocal group

This is a document about Bradford City stadium fire
  The Bradford Disaster Appeal fund, set up within 48 hours of the disaster, eventually raised over £3.5 million (£ million today). The most memorable of hundreds of fundraising events was a reunion of the 1966 World Cup Final Starting XI that began with the original starting teams of both England and West Germany, and was held at Leeds United's stadium, Elland Road, in July 1985 to raise funds for the Appeal fund. England won the re-match 6–4. Part of the Appeal funds were raised by a recording of "You'll Never Walk Alone" from Rodgers and Hammerstein's musical Carousel by The Crowd (including Gerry Marsden of Gerry and the Pacemakers, who had recorded the 1963 version that led to Liverpool adopting it as their motto and team song), which reached

This is a document about The Jerry Lewis MDA Labor Day Telethon
  used a generic fanfare for all totes, including the final tote, with "What The World Needs Now Is Love" relegated to a medley of songs that played during the closing credits. ; The song Jerry Lewis perennially sang to conclude the event, "You'll Never Walk Alone", was originally written for the 1945 Broadway musical play, Carousel by Rodgers and Hammerstein. Lewis has given conflicting accounts on the air as to the origin of his use of the song. According to his account at the end of the 2007 telethon, the song was suggested to him in 1964 by a disabled child, walking with a cane; it was suggested to Jerry as a song that would specifically represent

This is a document about Richard Rodgers
 The Internet Movie Database lists 276 film and TV soundtracks using songs by Rodgers, as well as 46 films and TV events that credit him as the composer. ; In 1960, the saxophonist John Coltrane recorded a jazz version of "My Favorite Things" from The Sound of Music whose rich modal improvisations proved germane. The tune became a regular part of his repertoire. ; The entry "You'll Never Walk Alone" (from Carousel) discusses in detail the many cover versions of this song, and its extraordinary popularity with professional soccer teams and their fans. It was first adopted by Liverpool fans in November 1963,

This is a document about Virtual choir
  week, teaching a wide range of music, including traditional choral and classical, folk, gospel, sea shanties, children’s songs and silly songs. Ben also teaches a series of short 'Deep Dive' lectures on topics such as music theory, history and composing. Homechoir's singers have recorded several video and audio performances from home, mixed by Ben and streamed on the channel. In March 2020, U.S. music student Harrison Sheckler organized 300 singers and musicians from 15 countries and created a music video of the show tune “You’ll Never Walk Alone,” from the 1945 Rodgers and Hammerstein musical Carousel. It was viewed more than 1.5 million times on YouTube.

This is a document about Climb Ev'ry Mountain
  This song shares inspirational overtones with the song "You'll Never Walk Alone" from Carousel. They are both sung by the female mentor characters in the shows, and are used to give strength to the protagonists in the story, and both are given powerful reprises at the end of their respective shows. As Oscar Hammerstein II was writing the lyrics, it developed its own inspirational overtones along the lines of an earlier Hammerstein song, "There's a Hill Beyond a Hill". He felt that the metaphors of climbing mountains and fording streams better fitted Maria's quest for her spiritual compass. The muse behind

This is a document about Football chant
  Some football teams also have songs which are traditionally sung by their fans. The song "You'll Never Walk Alone" from Carousel is associated heavily with Liverpool. In 1963, the song was covered by Liverpool group Gerry and the Pacemakers, which prompted the song's adoption by the Kop. At this time, supporters standing on the Spion Kop terrace at Anfield began singing popular chart songs of the day. The mood was captured on camera by a BBC Panorama camera crew in 1964. One year later, when Liverpool faced Leeds in the FA Cup final, the travelling Kop sang the same song and match commentator

This is a document about Glen Campbell Collection
  Never Walk Alone" (Richard Rodgers, Oscar Hammerstein) 1) "Your Cheatin' Heart" (Hank Williams) ; 2) "Honey Come Back" (Jimmy Webb) ; 3) "For Once In My Life" (Murden, Miller) ; 4) "There Goes My Everything" (with Ernie Ford) (Frazier) ; 5) "Tomorrow Never Comes" (Ernest Tubb, Bond) ; 6) "California" (Micheal Smotherman) ; 7) "Crying" (Roy Orbison, Joe Melson) ; 8) "Rhinestone Cowboy" (Larry Weiss) ; 9) "Living In A House Full Of Love" (Sutton, Sherrill) ; 10) "Country Boy (You Got Your Feet In LA)" (Lambert, Potter) ; 11) "Cold Cold Heart" (Hank Williams) ; 12) "He Ain't Heavy, He's My Brother" (Bob Russell, Bobby Scott) ; 13) "Homeward Bound" (Paul Simon) ; 14) "I Believe" (Drake, Shirl, Stillman, Graham) ; 15) "Reason To Believe" (Tim Hardin) ; 16) "Marie" (Randy Newman) ; 17) "William Tell Overture" (Gioachino Rossini) Disc 1:  Disc 2:

This is a document about How Great Thou Art (Elvis Presley album)
  In 2008, Sony Music reissued for compact disc a remastered version of the album with three bonus tracks. Two had been released as a single in 1968, the hit side Presley's stab at "You'll Never Walk Alone" from Carousel barely making the Billboard Hot 100, with the third track a leftover from the sessions at American Sound Studio in 1969 and issued on a budget album in 1971. The album was re-released in 2010 on the Follow That Dream label as a two-disc set with outtakes.

Nanette Fabray sang "You'll Never Walk Alone" in the musical "Carousel."


Question: where do you go to get a patent

Answer: the relevant patent office

This is a document about Patent
 one member state of the Paris Convention preserves the right for one year to file in any other member state, and receive the benefit of the original filing date. Another key treaty is the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT), administered by WIPO and covering more than 150 countries. The Patent Cooperation Treaty provides a unified procedure for filing patent applications to protect inventions in each of its contracting states. A patent application filed under the PCT is called an international application, or PCT application. A patent is requested by filing a written application at the relevant patent office. The person or

This is a document about Patent application
  National applications are generally filed at a national patent office, such as the United Kingdom Patent Office, to obtain a patent in the country of that office. The application may either be filed directly at that office, or may result from a regional application or from an international application under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT), once it enters the national phase.

This is a document about George M. Murray (scientist)
 US Patent Office

This is a document about Software patent
  which they want a patent. For example, separate applications must be filed in Japan, China, the United States and India if the applicant wishes to obtain patents in those countries. However, some regional offices exist, such as the European Patent Office (EPO), which act as supranational bodies with the power to grant patents which can then be brought into effect in the member states, and an international procedure also exists for filing a single international application under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT), which can then give rise to patent protection in most countries. These different countries and regional offices have different standards for granting patents. This is particularly true of software or computer-implemented inventions, especially where the software is implementing a business method.

This is a document about South African patent system
  in foreign countries. The same applies to a patentee, who wants to commercialize an invention and who does not want to infringe someone else’s patent. A search should then be conducted at the South African Patent Office. An online search system is currently available at http://patentsearch.cipc.co.za, though the range of searchable fields is somewhat limited compared to other national patent search systems, and, as of the present writing (26 July 2013), the document retrieval system only returns empty documents. Searches can also be carried out by hand at the Patent Office through a card-based system; however, electronic patent searches may be performed on a contract basis on proprietary systems such as the Electronic Patent Journal (EPJ).

This is a document about Patent
  The grant and enforcement of patents are governed by national laws, and also by international treaties, where those treaties have been given effect in national laws. Patents are granted by national or regional patent offices. A given patent is therefore only useful for protecting an invention in the country in which that patent is granted. In other words, patent law is territorial in nature. When a patent application is published, the invention disclosed in the application becomes prior art and enters the public domain (if not protected by other patents) in countries where a patent applicant does not seek protection,

This is a document about Software patent
  A patent is a set of exclusionary rights granted by a state to a patent holder for a limited period of time, usually 20 years. These rights are granted to patent applicants in exchange for their disclosure of the inventions. Once a patent is granted in a given country, no person may make, use, sell or import/export the claimed invention in that country without the permission of the patent holder. Permission, where granted, is typically in the form of a license which conditions are set by the patent owner: it may be free or in return for a royalty payment or lump sum fee. Patents are territorial in nature. To obtain a patent, inventors must file patent applications in each and every country

This is a document about Doherty amplifier
 − US Patent

This is a document about Patent application
   The process of obtaining the grant of a patent begins with the preparation of a specification describing the invention. That specification is filed at a patent office for examination and ultimately a patent for the invention described in the application is either granted or refused.

This is a document about Government-granted monopoly
  A patent is a set of exclusive rights granted by a state or national government to an inventor or his/her assignee for a limited period of time in exchange for a public disclosure of an invention. The procedure for granting patents, the requirements placed on the patentee, and the extent of the exclusive rights vary widely between countries according to national laws and international agreements. Typically, however, a patent application must include one or more claims defining the invention which must be new, inventive, and useful or industrially applicable. In many countries, certain subject areas are excluded from patents, such as business methods and mental acts. The exclusive right granted to a patentee in most countries is the right to prevent others from making, using, selling, or distributing the patented invention without permission.

This is a document about Grant procedure before the European Patent Office
  European patent applications can be filed at the EPO at Munich, Germany, at The Hague, Netherlands, at Berlin, Germany, or "if the law of a Contracting State so permits, at the central industrial property office or other competent authority of that State". This latter provision is important in some countries. For example, in the United Kingdom, it used to be required to obtain clearance for all inventions but now it is only prohibited for a UK resident to file an overseas patent application for inventions in certain sensitive technical areas without obtaining clearance through the United Kingdom Intellectual Property Office first. European patent applications cannot be

This is a document about United States Patent and Trademark Office
   The United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) is an agency in the U.S. Department of Commerce that issues patents to inventors and businesses for their inventions, and trademark registration for product and intellectual property identification. The USPTO is "unique among federal agencies because it operates solely on fees collected by its users, and not on taxpayer dollars". Its "operating structure is like a business in that it receives requests for services—applications for patents and trademark registrations—and charges fees projected to cover the cost of performing the services [it] provide[s]". The USPTO is based in Alexandria, Virginia, after a 2005 move from the Crystal City area of neighboring Arlington, Virginia. The offices under Patents and the Chief Information Officer that remained just outside the southern end of Crystal City

This is a document about Patent
  dependent on public policy, if it goes against public policy, it will not be patentable. An example of this is patent a man-modified higher life-form, such as a mouse as seen in Harvard College v. Canada. Additionally, patentable materials must be novel, useful, and a non-obvious inventive step. A patent is requested by filing a written application at the relevant patent office. The person or company filing the application is referred to as "the applicant". The applicant may be the inventor or its assignee. The application contains a description of how to make and use the invention that must provide sufficient

This is a document about Patent application
  A patent application is a request pending at a patent office for the grant of a patent for an invention described in the patent specification and a set of one or more claims stated in a formal document, including necessary official forms and related correspondence. It is the combination of the document and its processing within the administrative and legal framework of the patent office. To obtain the grant of a patent, a person, either legal or natural, must file an application at a patent office with the jurisdiction to grant a patent in the geographic area over which coverage is

This is a document about Industrial property
  Patents, also referred to as patents for invention, are the most widespread means of protecting technical inventions. The patent system is designed to contribute to the promotion of innovation and the transfer and dissemination of technology, to the mutual advantage of inventors, users of inventions and the general public. Once a patent is granted by a state or by a regional office acting for several states, the owner of a patent has the right to prevent anyone else from commercially exploiting the invention for a limited period, generally 20 years. The patent applicant must disclose the invention in order to obtain protection, and their rights can be enforced only within the territory in which the patent was granted.

This is a document about United States patent law
  Under United States law, a patent is a right granted to the inventor of a (1) process, machine, article of manufacture, or composition of matter, (2) that is new, useful, and non-obvious. A patent is the right to exclude others, for a limited time (usually, 20 years) from profiting of a patented technology without the consent of the patent-holder. Specifically, it is the right to exclude others from: making, using, selling, offering for sale, importing, inducing others to infringe, applying for an FDA approval, and/or offering a product specially adapted for practice of the patent. United States patent law is codified in Title 35 of the United States Code, and authorized by the U.S. Constitution,

This is a document about Trade secret
  To acquire a patent, full information about the method or product has to be supplied to the patent office and upon publication or issuance, will then be available to all. After expiration of the patent, competitors can copy the method or product legally. The temporary monopoly on the subject matter of the patent is regarded as a tradeoff for thus disclosing the information to the public. It may be possible to obtain patent protection for a trade secret. In order to obtain a patent, the inventor must disclose the invention, so that others will be able to both make and use the invention. To obtain a patent in the United States, any preference for

This is a document about Patent application
  Depending upon the office at which a patent application is filed, that application could either be an application for a patent in a given country, or may be an application for a patent in a range of countries. The former are known as "national (patent) applications", and the latter as "regional (patent) applications".

This is a document about Patent
  application thus generally becoming prior art against anyone (including the applicant) who might seek patent protection for the invention in those countries. Commonly, a nation or a group of nations forms a patent office with responsibility for operating that nation's patent system, within the relevant patent laws. The patent office generally has responsibility for the grant of patents, with infringement being the remit of national courts. The authority for patent statutes in different countries varies. In the UK, substantive patent law is contained in the Patents Act 1977 as amended. In the United States, the Constitution empowers Congress to

This is a document about Prior art
 Espacenet—European Patent Office public patent literature database, with patents from many patent offices. ; Google Patents—public search engine from Google that indexes patents from the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) and other international patent offices, and machine-CPC-classified non-patent literature from Google Scholar. The Internet Archive Wayback Machine is recognized by the USPTO as a valid source of prior art on the Internet, though generally the date of archiving is considered the first published date, rather than the date on any documents that have been archived. For other patent search services, see .

To get a patent, you typically go to a national patent office in the country where you want to protect your invention. For example, in the United States, you would apply at the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). If you want to protect your invention in multiple countries, you can file a single application under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) at the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).


Question: who sang this is how we do it

Answer: Montell Jordan

This is a document about This Is How We Do It
 This Is How We Do It "This Is How We Do It" is the debut single by American singer Montell Jordan. It was released by Def Jam Recordings on February 6, 1995 as the lead single from his debut album of the same name. The single was Def Jam's first R&B release. The song is representative of the hip hop soul style popular at the time, featuring Jordan singing over an enhanced sample of Slick Rick's "Children's Story" which in turn samples Bob James' "Nautilus". "This Is How We Do It" peaked at number one on the "Billboard" Hot 100

This is a document about This Is How We Do It (album)
 Tracks chart. This Is How We Do It (album) This Is How We Do It is the debut studio album by Montell Jordan. The album peaked at #12 on the "Billboard" 200 and #4 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and was certified platinum. The album also featured the single "This Is How We Do It", which made it to #1 on the "Billboard" Hot 100, #1 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks and #1 on the Rhythmic Top 40. Another single, "Somethin' 4 da Honeyz", peaked at #21 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 and #18 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop

This is a document about This Is How We Do It (album)
 This Is How We Do It (album) This Is How We Do It is the debut studio album by Montell Jordan. The album peaked at #12 on the "Billboard" 200 and #4 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and was certified platinum. The album also featured the single "This Is How We Do It", which made it to #1 on the "Billboard" Hot 100, #1 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks and #1 on the Rhythmic Top 40. Another single, "Somethin' 4 da Honeyz", peaked at #21 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 and #18 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles &

This is a document about This Is How We Do It
 for seven weeks from 15 April to 27 May 1995, and was also number one for seven weeks on the R&B singles chart. The single sold one million copies domestically and earned a platinum certification from the RIAA. The song earned Jordan a Grammy Award nomination for Best Male R&B Vocal Performance at the 38th Annual Grammy Awards. Dutch DJ Joe Stone remixed the song and it was released officially on 31 July 2015. Song tempo is 124 BPM This Is How We Do It "This Is How We Do It" is the debut single by American singer Montell Jordan.

This is a document about This Is How We Do It
  "This Is How We Do It" is the debut single by American singer Montell Jordan. It was released by Def Jam Recordings on February 6, 1995 as the lead single from his debut album, also titled This Is How We Do It. The single was Def Jam's first R&B release. The song is representative of the hip hop soul style popular at the time. The song featuring Jordan singing over an enhanced sample of Slick Rick's "Children's Story" which in turn samples Bob James' "Nautilus". "This Is How We Do It" peaked at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 on April 15, 1995, rising from number six the previous week and displacing Madonna's "Take a Bow" from the top spot. It remained at number one for seven consecutive weeks. It was also number one for seven weeks on the R&B singles chart. The single sold one million copies domestically and earned a platinum certification from the RIAA. The song earned Jordan a Grammy Award nomination for Best Male R&B Vocal Performance at the 38th Annual Grammy Awards. The same year, the song was named Best R&B 12-inch at the International Dance Music Awards in Miami.

This is a document about This Is How We Do
  "This Is How We Do" is a song recorded by American singer Katy Perry for her fourth studio album, Prism (2013). Perry co-wrote the track with its producers Max Martin and Klas Åhlund and recorded it in Stockholm, Sweden. The song was released as the album's fifth and final single along with its music video on July 31, 2014. "This Is How We Do" is a dance-pop song influenced by hip hop, having "synth squiggles" and "melodic dots" as its main instrumentation. Lyrically, it has Perry sing-talking about her hangout routine with her friends. The song's official remix featuring American rapper Riff Raff was released on August 25, 2014. Commercially, the song reached the top 10 in Canada and Israel while peaking within the top 20 in Australia, Austria, the Czech Republic, Lebanon, the Netherlands, New Zealand, and Slovakia as well as the top 30 in Finland, Scotland, Sweden, the United States, and Venezuela. Joel Kefali directed the song's accompanying music video, which was released on July 31, 2014. It features the singer getting her nails painted and doing karaoke with her friends. The song was performed on Perry's Prismatic World Tour.

This is a document about Roll On (Mis-Teeq song)
  All entries charted with "This Is How We Do It" except where noted.

This is a document about This Is How We Do It (album)
  This Is How We Do It is the debut studio album by Montell Jordan. The album peaked at #12 on the Billboard 200 and #4 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and was certified platinum. The album also featured the single "This Is How We Do It", which made it to #1 on the Billboard Hot 100, #1 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks and #1 on the Rhythmic Top 40. Another single, "Somethin' 4 da Honeyz", peaked at #21 on the Billboard Hot 100 and #18 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks chart.

This is a document about DJ Rectangle
 "The Way We Do" (Label: South Paw)

This is a document about Somethin' 4 da Honeyz
 1) "This Is How We Do It" (Studio Ton radio mix) – 3:42 ; 2) "This Is How We Do It" (Funkmaster Flex radio mix) – 4:33 ; 3) "This Is How We Do It" (Puff Daddy radio mix) – 4:23

This is a document about This Is How We Do
  "This Is How We Do" is a dance-pop song, and was written by Perry with producers Max Martin and Klas Åhlund, who were also responsible for programming of the song, while Perry also provided background vocals. It is set in the time signature of common time and has a moderate hip hop tempo of 96 beats per minute. The song is written in the key of A minor, and Perry's vocals span from the low-note of A3 to the high-note of C6. The song has been described as a "wobbling dance track", with hip-hop underpinnings and "faux-urban west coast pose". Randall Roberts

This is a document about Chuckey Charles
  Chuckey Charles is an award nominated film composer, songwriter and top charting Music  Billboard record producer that moves fluidly from Pop to Rap to R&B, and has produced, written and worked with Grammy winning Songwriters, artist, and Producers from Sean Garrett (Beyoncé Knowles, Janet Jackson, Jamie Foxx) Usher Raymond and Dallas Austin (Gwen Stefani, TLC, etc...) to writer/producer Jerry Ragavoy (The Rolling Stones, Janis Joplin, etc...). He's also produced the soulful sounds of Hidden Beach recording artist Kindred the Family Soul to the Pop/R&B sounds of Capitol Records group Vega, rap artist Loon and "This Is How We Do It" crooner Montell Jordan to name a few. Chuckey Charles

This is a document about This Is How We Do
  "This Is How We Do" first charted on South Korea's Gaon Download Chart and the Canadian Hot 100 when its parent album was released, debuting at number 73, with sales of 2,263 copies, and number 88, respectively. When it was released as a single, the song charted moderately throughout the world. In Canada, where the song had previously charted, the song achieved more success, reaching number nine, becoming the fourth top-10 single from the album, and her 16th overall. In the United States, after the video's release, the song debuted at number 88 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart of August 16, 2014. The song eventually peaked at number

This is a document about Breathe Carolina
  24, the band announced via their Twitter page that another self-released EP, titled Thank You, would be emailed as a free download to those buying their upcoming single from Beatport, in a similar way to that of Acoustic. On September 28, They released the single, titled "Platinum Hearts", featuring American singer KARRA, on Armada Trice, along with Thank You. The four-track EP comprised their cover of the Montell Jordan song "This Is How We Do It", an acoustic version of "Platinum Hearts", a dubstep edit of the song "Sellouts", and a mashup of the songs "I.D.G.A.F." and "Hero (Satellite)". On November 20, 2015, the band released a single in collaboration

This is a document about This Is How We Roll
  "This Is How We Roll" is a song recorded by American country music duo Florida Georgia Line with fellow country music singer Luke Bryan. It is the fifth and final single from Florida Georgia Line's debut studio album, Here's to the Good Times, although it is only included on the 2013 This Is How We Roll re-release. Cole Swindell assisted the artists in writing the song. A remix, featuring Jason Derulo and Bryan was released on June 7, 2014.

This is a document about Lex Luger production discography
 "How We Do It" (featuring Rick Ross)

This is a document about You Know How We Do It
  "You Know How We Do It" is a 1994 song by American rapper, actor and filmmaker Ice Cube, released as the second single from his fourth studio album, Lethal Injection. It was released on February 2, 1994 and was a No. 30 hit on the Billboard Hot 100.

This is a document about Shotty
 1) "This Is Where We Go" – 03:36

This is a document about How We Do (song)
  "How We Do" is a song by American rapper and West Coast hip hop artist The Game, featuring rapper 50 Cent from his debut album, The Documentary. Produced by Dr. Dre, Mike Elizondo, it was released as the album's second official single in late 2004. "How We Do" achieved commercial success worldwide. The track peaked within the top 10 in multiple countries, including the United Kingdom, Ireland, Netherlands, Switzerland, Germany and New Zealand. The single was commercially successful in the United States, peaking at number 4 on the Billboard Hot 100 and remaining on the chart for 28 consecutive weeks. "How We Do" marked Game's first top-ten single on the chart as a lead artist and also marked 50 Cent's fifth overall top-ten single.

Montell Jordan sang "This Is How We Do It."


Question: how many stars are on the chicago flag

Answer: four

This is a document about Flag of Chicago
 , the commission's recommendation was accepted by the city council. Flag of Chicago The flag of Chicago consists of two blue horizontal stripes or bars on a field of white, each stripe one-sixth the height of the full flag, and placed slightly less than one-sixth of the way from the top and bottom. Between the two blue stripes are four red, six-pointed stars arranged in a horizontal row. The City of Chicago flag, designed by Wallace Rice, was adopted in 1917 after Rice won the design competition. The three sections of the white field and the two stripes represent geographical

This is a document about Flag of Chicago
 Flag of Chicago The flag of Chicago consists of two blue horizontal stripes or bars on a field of white, each stripe one-sixth the height of the full flag, and placed slightly less than one-sixth of the way from the top and bottom. Between the two blue stripes are four red, six-pointed stars arranged in a horizontal row. The City of Chicago flag, designed by Wallace Rice, was adopted in 1917 after Rice won the design competition. The three sections of the white field and the two stripes represent geographical features of the city, the stars symbolize historical events, and

This is a document about Flag of Chicago
 top blue stripe represents Lake Michigan and the North Branch of the Chicago River. The bottom blue stripe represents the South Branch of the river and the "Great Canal", over the Chicago Portage. The lighter blue on the flag is variously called sky blue or pale blue; in a 1917 article of a speech by Rice, it was called "the color of water". There are four red six-pointed stars on the center white stripe. Six-pointed stars are used because five-pointed stars represent sovereign states, and because the star as designed was not found on any other known flags as of

This is a document about Chicago Bulls
 side. In the 2017–18 season, the Bulls wore special "City" uniforms designed by Nike. The uniforms, designed to pay homage to Chicago's flag, are in white and feature the classic "Chicago" script and numbers in red with light blue trim along with four six-pointed stars on each side. The Bulls' 2018–19 "City" uniform is once again inspired from Chicago's flag, with a black base and a portion of the flag with four red six-point stars and two powder blue stripes in front. Benny the Bull is the main mascot of the Chicago Bulls. He was first introduced in 1969. Benny

This is a document about Divvy
 by employees of Motivate (formerly Alta Bicycle Share) in Boston (Hubway) and Washington, DC (Capital Bikeshare). The name Divvy is a playful reference to sharing ("divvy it up"). Divvy’s light-blue color palette and four stars evoke the Chicago flag. The double Vs in the Divvy logo refer to the shared-lane markers painted on bike lanes throughout the city, and are a nod to how the city prioritizes bike safety, paving the way for new riders. The naming, logo and brand strategy for Chicago’s new bike share program was developed through a partnership between the global design firm IDEO and the

This is a document about Chicago Red Stars
 at Toyota Park. The name refers to the four six-pointed red stars on the municipal flag of Chicago. Each star represents a landmark event in Chicago history: Fort Dearborn, the Great Chicago Fire, the 1893 World's Fair, and the 1933 World's Fair. Other names considered were Progress, Towers, Union, Blues, 1871 and Wind. "Red Stars" was chosen by popular vote in a two-month fan ballot. The Chicago Red Stars won their first game of the season, 1–0, at Saint Louis Athletica, and followed with two ties (1–1 at Washington Freedom and 0–0 hosting Sky Blue FC) and a 4–0 thrashing

This is a document about History of Chicago
 The city was rated by Moody's as having the most balanced economy in the United States due to its high level of diversification. Four historical events are commemorated by the four red stars on Chicago's flag: The United States' Fort Dearborn, established at the mouth of the Chicago River in 1803; the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, which destroyed much of the city; the World Columbian Exposition of 1893, by which Chicago celebrated its recovery from the fire; and the Century of Progress World's Fair of 1933–1934, which celebrated the city's centennial. The flag's two blue stripes symbolize the north

This is a document about National flag
 and both have the Southern Cross as a prominent feature. The only differences between these flags is that the Australian flag has the Commonwealth Star below the canton, and that on the New Zealand flag, just four stars in the Southern Cross are presented, and they are five-pointed red stars with white borders. On the other hand, all five stars of the Southern Cross are presented on the Australian flag, and they are white with seven points, except for the additional smaller fifth star in the Southern Cross which has only five points on this flag. Some similarities to the

This is a document about Flag of the Vice President of the United States
 white. The Vice President's coat of arms does not have a ring of stars around the eagle like the President's does, but on the flag, four blue stars are added, one in the each corner. The dimensions of all the elements in the flag are relative to the hoist (vertical size) of the flag. The relative length of the flag varies; each military service typically defines several sizes and dimensions depending on use. The coat of arms stays centered, while the four stars stay a fixed distance from the edges, so on longer flags the stars will be further apart.

This is a document about Silent Hill (film)
 and a half stars out of four. He opined that "the film is overlong, with too many unnecessary scenes" and that "a lot of the movie seems like pointless running around", but added that the film "looks great" and that "it packs in a few scary moments and offers a nicely ambiguous conclusion." Roger Ebert of the "Chicago Sun-Times" gave the film one and a half stars (out of four), calling it "an incredibly good-looking film," but noting that he "did not understand the story" and criticizing how "all through the movie, characters are pausing in order to offer arcane

This is a document about Flag of New Zealand
 flag has often arisen in connection with the issue of republicanism in New Zealand. The Southern Cross constellation is depicted on the flags of other former British colonies, such as the flag of Australia—although in Australia's case there are six all-white stars, while New Zealand's four stars have red centres. The Australian and New Zealand flags are often mistaken for each other, and this confusion has been cited as a reason for adopting a different design. Debate on keeping or changing the New Zealand flag started before May 1973, when a remit to change the flag was voted down by

This is a document about Australian Federation Flag
 not red, and there are five stars, not four. The flag's appearance varied greatly depending on where it was made: different manufacturers produced Federation Flags with darker or lighter shades of blue for the cross background; using five-pointed stars instead of eight; or positioning the stars in different places. The Eureka Flag, flown by rebels at the Eureka Stockade in 1854, was reportedly influenced by designs such as the Federation flag. While the Federation Flag proved popular and was widely used on the East Coast of Australia for over 70 years, it was never officially adopted. It was especially popular

This is a document about Flag of Rhode Island
 the current flag, or in lieu of the state flag. The flag can also be seen flying at home football games of the University of Rhode Island Rams. The flag of the Governor of Rhode Island is based on an earlier state flag. Like most U.S. governors' flags, there are four five-point stars at the corners of the field. Flag of Rhode Island The flag of the state of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations is white and consists of a gold anchor in the center (a symbol for hope) surrounded by thirteen gold stars (for the original 13 colonies and

This is a document about Halloween H20: 20 Years Later
 reviews; the site's critical consensus reads "Halloween: H20 is the best of the many sequels, yet still pales in comparison to the original Halloween." Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B-" on an A+ to F scale. Roger Ebert of the "Chicago Sun-Times" awarded the film two out of four stars, while Lawrence Van Gelder of "The New York Times" wrote that "the throwaway jokes are few and far between, and after a pre-title sequence reintroduces Michael and shows just how far up suspense and thrills can be ratcheted, "Halloween H20" declines into the routine,"

This is a document about Star (heraldry)
 of the Southern Cross consisting of four or five stars. The star and crescent symbol is found in flags of states succeeding the Ottoman Empire, which used flags with this symbol during 1793-1923. The twelve stars on the Flag of Europe (1955) symbolize unity. The green five-pointed star on the Esperanto flag (1890) symbolizes the five inhabited continents. The 50 stars of the US flag is the largest number on any national flag. The second-largest number of stars on a current national flag is 27, on the flag of Brazil. The current national flags featuring stars include: Not bearing heraldic

This is a document about Flag of Arkansas
 used in saluting the flag: "I salute the Arkansas Flag with its diamond and stars. We pledge our loyalty to thee." Flag of Arkansas The flag of Arkansas, also known as the Arkansas flag, consists of a red field charged with a large blue-bordered white lozenge (or diamond). Twenty-nine five-pointed stars appear on the flag: twenty-five small white stars within the blue border, and four larger blue stars in the white diamond. The inscription "ARKANSAS" appears in blue within the white lozenge, with one star above and three stars below. The star above and the two outer stars below point

This is a document about Uniform and insignia of the Boy Scouts of America
 Sea Scout leader flag is red over blue with the Sea Scouting emblem centered and white rating stars: one star for a ship, two stars for a council, three stars for a region and four stars for national. Local council flags are blue with gold lettering and the Boy Scout emblem; regions have purple flags with silver lettering. The flag of the National Council is purple with a silver emblem and no lettering. Medals and the like are not generally worn on the uniform for everyday use; instead, square knot insignia are worn to represent some national and local Council

This is a document about Flag of Arkansas
 Flag of Arkansas The flag of Arkansas, also known as the Arkansas flag, consists of a red field charged with a large blue-bordered white lozenge (or diamond). Twenty-nine five-pointed stars appear on the flag: twenty-five small white stars within the blue border, and four larger blue stars in the white diamond. The inscription "ARKANSAS" appears in blue within the white lozenge, with one star above and three stars below. The star above and the two outer stars below point upwards; the inner star below points downwards. The flag was designed by Willie Hocker of Jefferson County, a member of the

This is a document about Flag of the Federated States of Micronesia
 flag, adopted in 1978, is in the colors of the UN flag. The light blue also represents the Pacific Ocean. In an echo of U.S. heraldic practice, the stars represent the entities that make up the state, in this case, the four federated states, arranged like the points of the compass, although the states locations are actually distributed from west to east Flag of the Federated States of Micronesia The flag of the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) was adopted on 30 November 1978. The blue field represents the Pacific Ocean, while the four stars represent the states in the

The Chicago flag has four red stars on a white background.


Question: when did the first cellular phone come out

Answer: 1918

This is a document about History of mobile phones
 the prevalence of its use, with smartphones becoming common globally and a growing proportion of Internet access now done via mobile broadband. Before the devices existed that are now referred to as mobile phones or cell phones, there were some precursors. In 1908, a Professor Albert Jahnke and the Oakland Transcontinental Aerial Telephone and Power Company claimed to have developed a wireless telephone. They were accused of fraud and the charge was then dropped, but they do not seem to have proceeded with production. Beginning in 1918, the German railroad system tested wireless telephony on military trains between Berlin and

This is a document about Feature phone
  The first cellular phone, the Motorola DynaTAC released in 1984, is considered a basic mobile phone due to its inability to do anything more than making voice calls. Despite the introduction of smartphones in the mid-1990s, ignited with the August 1994 release of the IBM Simon, Nokia Communicator from 1996 on, and the BlackBerry range of handheld personal digital assistants (PDAs) from Research in Motion (RiM); feature phones enjoyed unchallenged popularity into the mid 2000s. In North America, smartphones, such as Palm and BlackBerry, were still considered a niche category for enterprise use. Outside North America, Nokia's Symbian devices had captured the early smartphone market, in which price was the only barrier to entry, and

This is a document about Motorola DynaTAC
  The first cellular phone was the culmination of efforts begun at Bell Labs, which first proposed the idea of a cellular system in 1947, and continued to petition the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) for channels through the 1950s and 1960s, and research conducted at Motorola. In 1960, electrical engineer John F. Mitchell  became Motorola's chief engineer for its mobile communication products. Mitchell oversaw the development and marketing of the first pager to use transistors. Motorola had long produced mobile telephones for cars that were large and heavy and consumed too much power to allow their use without the automobile's engine running. Mitchell's team, which included Martin

This is a document about Advanced Mobile Phone System
  The first cellular network efforts began at Bell Labs and with research conducted at Motorola. In 1960, John F. Mitchell became Motorola's chief engineer for its mobile-communication products, and oversaw the development and marketing of the first pager to use transistors. Motorola had long produced mobile telephones for automobiles, but these large and heavy models consumed too much power to allow their use without the automobile's engine running. Mitchell's team, which included the gifted Dr. Martin Cooper, developed portable cellular telephony. Cooper and Mitchell were among the Motorola employees granted a patent for this work in 1973. The first call on the prototype connected, reportedly, to a wrong number. While Motorola was developing a cellular phone, from 1968 to 1983 Bell Labs worked out a system called Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS), which became the first cellular network standard in the United States. The first system was successfully

This is a document about September 1975
 U.S. Patent No. 3,906,166 was granted to Martin Cooper and others on his team at Motorola, for the first hand-held cell phone, after it had been applied for on October 17, 1973. Cooper's team worked at reducing the original 28 pound Motorola portable device to the first hand-held mobile phone, the DynaTAC, which weighed less than three pounds, and made the world's first cell phone call on April 3, 1973. ; Papua New Guinea gained its independence from Australia. ; John A. Durkin won a second election against Louis C. Wyman for one of New Hampshire's two U.S. Senate seats, filling a vacancy that had existed since January when neither candidate was seated after the

This is a document about History of communication
 1947 – Douglas H. Ring and W. Rae Young of Bell Labs propose a cell-based approach which led to "cellular phones." ; 1965 – Chandros Rypinski, Jr. patents the first multiple channel radio telephone system which was licensed to Bell Labs (patent no. US3173996A). ; 1981 – Comvik introduces the world's first automatic mobile phone service followed a week later by Nordic Mobile Telephone ; 1991 – GSM is put into operation ; 1992 – Neil Papworth sends the first SMS (or text message), on the Vodafone network. ; 1999 – 45% of Australians have a mobile phone. ; 2014 – The number of mobile connections surpasses the global population.

This is a document about Timeline of United States inventions (1946–1991)
  car phone in St. Louis, Missouri on June 17, 1946, but the system was impractical from what is considered a portable handset today. The equipment weighed 80 lbs, and the AT&T service, basically a massive party line, cost $30 per month plus 30 to 40 cents per local call. The basic network and supporting infrastructure of hexagonal cells used to support a mobile telephony system while remaining on the same channel were devised by Douglas H. Ring and W. Rae Young at AT&T Bell Labs in 1947. Finally in 1973, Martin Cooper invented the first handheld cellular/mobile phone. His first

This is a document about History of mobile phones
  Mobile telephones for automobiles became available from some telephone companies in the 1940s. Early devices were bulky, consumed large amounts of power, and the network supported only a few simultaneous conversations. Modern cellular networks allow automatic and pervasive use of mobile phones for voice and data communications. In the United States, engineers from Bell Labs began work on a system to allow mobile users to place and receive telephone calls from automobiles, leading to the inauguration of mobile service on June 17, 1946 in St. Louis, Missouri. Shortly after, AT&T offered Mobile Telephone Service. A wide range of mostly incompatible mobile telephone services offered limited coverage area and

This is a document about Digital media
  Motorola named Martin Cooper was the first person to make a phone call on April 3, 1973. He decided the first phone call should be to a rival telecommunications company saying "I'm speaking via a mobile phone". However the first commercial mobile phone was released in 1983 by Motorola. In the early 1990s Nokia came into succession, with their Nokia 1011 being the first mass-produced mobile phone. The Nokia Communicator 9000 became the first smartphone as it was inputed with an Intel 24 MHz CPU and had 8 MB of RAM. Smartphone users have increased by a lot over the years

This is a document about Advanced Mobile Phone System
  in Chicago, Illinois, in 1979. Motorola and others designed and built the cellular phones for this and other cellular systems. Martin Cooper, a former general manager for the systems division at Motorola, led a team that produced the first cellular handset in 1973 and made the first phone call from it. In 1983 Motorola introduced the DynaTAC 8000x, the first commercially available cellular phone small enough to be easily carried. He later introduced the so-called Bag Phone. In 1992, the first smartphone, called IBM Simon, used AMPS. Frank Canova led its design at IBM and it was demonstrated that year at the COMDEX computer-industry trade-show. A refined version of the product was marketed to consumers in 1994 by BellSouth under the name Simon Personal Communicator. The Simon was the first device that can be properly referred to as a "smartphone", even though that term was not yet coined.

This is a document about History of technology
  phone in 1985, both developed by Comvik in Sweden, coupled with the first transmission of data over a cellular network by Vodafone (formerly Racal-Millicom) in 1992 were the breakthroughs that led directly to the form and function of smartphones today. By 2014, there were more cell phones in use than people on Earth and The Supreme Court has ruled that a mobile phone was a private part of a person. Providing consumers wireless access to each other and to the Internet, the mobile phone stimulated one of the most important technology revolutions in human history. The Human Genome Project sequenced and identified all three billion

This is a document about Martin Cooper (inventor)
  one of the most dangerous things I have ever done in my life."  That first cell phone began a fundamental technology and communications market shift to making phone calls to a person instead of to a place. Bell Labs had introduced the idea of cellular communications in 1947, but their first systems were limited to car phones which required roughly 30 pounds (12 kg) of equipment in the trunk. Motorola gained Federal Communications Commission (FCC) approval for cellular licenses to be assigned to competing entities and prevented an AT&T monopoly on cellular service. Cooper worked at Motorola for 29 years; building and managing both its paging and

This is a document about Mobile advertising
  Martin Cooper invented a portable handset in 1973, when he was a project manager at Motorola. It was almost three decades after the idea of cellular communications was introduced by Bell Laboratories. Two decades later, cellular phones made a commercial debut in the mass market in the early 1990s. In the early days of cellular handsets, phone functionality was limited to dialing, and voice input/output. When the second generation of mobile telecoms (so-called 2G) was introduced in Finland by Radiolinja (now Elisa) on the GSM standard (now the world's most common mobile technology with over 2 billion users) in 1991, the digital technology introduced data services. SMS text messaging was the first such service. The first person-to-person SMS text message was

This is a document about Mobile phone
  were not cellular, supported few simultaneous calls, and were very expensive. The development of metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) large-scale integration (LSI) technology, information theory and cellular networking led to the development of affordable mobile communications, and devices such as the car phone. The first handheld cellular mobile phone was demonstrated by John F. Mitchell and Martin Cooper of Motorola in 1973, using a handset weighing 2 kg. The first commercial automated cellular network (1G) analog was launched in Japan by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone in 1979. This was followed in 1981 by the simultaneous launch of the Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT) system in Denmark, Finland,

This is a document about Motorola DynaTAC
  developed portable cellular telephony, and Mitchell was among the Motorola employees granted a patent for this work in 1973; the first call on the prototype was completed, reportedly, to a wrong number. While Motorola was developing the cellular phone itself, during 1968–1983, Bell Labs worked on the system called AMPS, while others designed cell phones for that and other cellular systems. Martin Cooper, a former general manager for the systems division at Motorola, led a team that produced the DynaTAC 8000x, the first commercially available cellular phone small enough to be easily carried, and made the first phone call from it. Martin Cooper was the first

This is a document about History of mobile phones
  The first automatic analog cellular systems ever deployed were NTT's system first used in 1979 for car phones in Tokyo (and later the rest of the country of Japan), and the NMT system which was released in the Nordic countries in 1981. The first analog cellular system widely deployed in North America was the Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS). It was commercially introduced in the Americas on 13 October 1983, Israel in 1986, and Australia in 1987. AMPS was a pioneering technology that helped drive mass market usage of cellular technology, but it had several serious issues by modern standards. It was unencrypted and easily vulnerable to eavesdropping via a scanner; it was susceptible to cell phone "cloning" and it used a Frequency-division multiple access (FDMA) scheme and required significant amounts of wireless spectrum to support. On 6 March 1983, the DynaTAC

This is a document about History of the Internet
  popular mobile phone application is texting, of which 2.1 trillion messages were logged in 2020. The texting phenomenon began on December 3, 1992 when Neil Papworth sent the first text message of “Merry Christmas” over a commercial cell phone network to the CEO of Vodafone. The first mobile phone with Internet connectivity was the Nokia 9000 Communicator, launched in Finland in 1996. The viability of Internet services access on mobile phones was limited until prices came down from that model, and network providers started to develop systems and services conveniently accessible on phones. NTT DoCoMo in Japan launched the first mobile Internet service, i-mode, in 1999 and this is

This is a document about Cellular network
  The first commercial cellular network, the 1G generation, was launched in Japan by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT) in 1979, initially in the metropolitan area of Tokyo. Within five years, the NTT network had been expanded to cover the whole population of Japan and became the first nationwide 1G network. It was an analog wireless network. The Bell System had developed cellular technology since 1947, and had cellular networks in operation in Chicago and Dallas prior to 1979, but commercial service was delayed by the breakup of the Bell System, with cellular assets transferred to the Regional Bell Operating Companies. The wireless revolution

This is a document about Mobile phone
   A handheld mobile radio telephone service was envisioned in the early stages of radio engineering. In 1917, Finnish inventor Eric Tigerstedt filed a patent for a "pocket-size folding telephone with a very thin carbon microphone". Early predecessors of cellular phones included analog radio communications from ships and trains. The race to create truly portable telephone devices began after World War II, with developments taking place in many countries. The advances in mobile telephony have been traced in successive "generations", starting with the early zeroth-generation (0G) services, such as Bell System's Mobile Telephone Service and its successor, the Improved Mobile Telephone Service. These 0G

This is a document about Martin Cooper (inventor)
  the lead inventor named on "radio telephone system" filed on October 17, 1973, with the U.S. Patent Office and later issued as U.S. Patent 3,906,166. John Francis Mitchell, Motorola's Chief of Portable Communication Products (and Cooper's Manager and Mentor) and the engineers who worked for Cooper and Mitchell are also named on the patent. On April 3, 1973, Cooper and Mitchell demonstrated two working phones to the media and to passers-by prior to walking into a scheduled press conference at the New York City Hilton in midtown Manhattan. Standing on Sixth avenue near the Hilton, Cooper made the first handheld cellular phone call in public from the

The first cellular phone, the Motorola DynaTAC 8000x, was released in 1983. However, the first hand-held cell phone, the DynaTAC 8000, was granted a patent on October 16, 1973.


Question: where do you find a simple gear train

Answer: Automobile drivetrains

This is a document about Gear train
 drive is employed, the crankshaft-to-camshaft gear ratio is always 2:1 on four-stroke engines, which means that for every two revolutions of the crankshaft the camshaft will rotate once. Automobile drivetrains generally have two or more major areas where gearing is used. Gearing is employed in the transmission, which contains a number of different sets of gears that can be changed to allow a wide range of vehicle speeds, and also in the differential, which contains the final drive to provide further speed reduction at the wheels. In addition, the differential contains further gearing that splits torque equally between the two

This is a document about Gear train
  The simplest example of a gear train has two gears. The "input gear" (also known as drive gear) transmits power to the "output gear" (also known as driven gear). The input gear will typically be connected to a power source, such as a motor or engine. In such an example, the output of torque and rotational speed from the output (driven) gear depend on the ratio of the dimensions of the two gears.

This is a document about Epicyclic gearing
   An epicyclic gear train (also known as a planetary gearset) consists of two gears mounted so that the center of one gear revolves around the center of the other. A carrier connects the centers of the two gears and rotates to carry one gear, called the planet gear or planet pinion, around the other, called the sun gear or sun wheel. The planet and sun gears mesh so that their pitch circles roll without slip. A point on the pitch circle of the planet gear traces an epicycloid curve. In this simplified case, the sun gear is fixed and the planetary gear(s) roll around the sun gear. An epicyclic gear train can be assembled so the planet gear rolls on the inside of the pitch circle of a fixed, outer gear ring, or ring gear, sometimes called an annular gear. In this case, the curve traced by a point on the pitch circle of the planet is a hypocycloid. The combination of epicycle gear trains with a planet engaging both a sun gear and a ring gear is called a planetary gear train. In this case, the ring gear is usually fixed and the sun gear is driven.

This is a document about Wheel train
  In horology, a wheel train (or just train) is the gear train of a mechanical watch or clock. Although the term is used for other types of gear trains, the long history of mechanical timepieces has created a traditional terminology for their gear trains which is not used in other applications of gears. Watch movements are very standardized, and the wheel trains of most watches have the same parts. The wheel trains of clocks are a little more varied, with different numbers of wheels depending on the type of clock and how many hours the clock runs between windings (the "going"). However, the wheel trains of clocks

This is a document about Gear train
 The ratio of the pitch circles of mating gears defines the speed ratio and the mechanical advantage of the gear set. ; A planetary gear train provides high gear reduction in a compact package. ; It is possible to design gear teeth for gears that are non-circular, yet still transmit torque smoothly. ; The speed ratios of chain and belt drives are computed in the same way as gear ratios. See bicycle gearing. A gear train is a mechanical system formed by mounting gears on a frame so the teeth of the gears engage. Gear teeth are designed to ensure the pitch circles of engaging gears roll on each other without slipping, providing a smooth transmission of rotation from one gear to the next. Features of gears and gear trains include:   The transmission of rotation between contacting toothed wheels can be traced back to the Antikythera mechanism of Greece and the south-pointing chariot of China. Illustrations by the Renaissance scientist Georgius Agricola show gear trains with cylindrical teeth. The implementation of the involute tooth yielded a standard gear design that provides a constant speed ratio.

This is a document about Machine element
 Engine, Electric motor, Actuator ; Shafts ; Couplings ; Belt, Chain, Cable drives ; Gear train ; Clutch ; Brake ; Flywheel ; Cam and follower systems ; Linkage ; Simple machine

This is a document about Epicyclic gearing
  A convenient approach to determine the various speed ratios available in a planetary gear train begins by considering the speed ratio of the gear train when the carrier is held fixed. This is known as the fixed carrier train ratio. In the case of a simple planetary gear train formed by a carrier supporting a planet gear engaged with a sun and ring gear, the fixed carrier train ratio is computed as the speed ratio of the gear train formed by the sun, planet and ring gears on the fixed carrier. This is given by  Each of the speed ratios available to a simple planetary gear train can be obtained by using band brakes to hold and release the carrier, sun or ring gears as needed. This provides the basic structure for an automatic transmission.

This is a document about Ravigneaux planetary gearset
 1) Sun gear ; 2) Ring gear ; 3) Planet carrier In contrast to a Ravigneaux, a simple planetary gear train has two concentric gears, one or more planets bridging the gap between those gears, and one arm carrying the planets. Usually, the smaller diameter concentric gear has external teeth and is called a sun gear, and the larger concentric gear has internal teeth and is called a ring gear. The carrying arm is usually called the planet carrier. Planet gears are usually not directly coupled, leaving three components that are directly coupled:  This provides for two inputs and one output. Usually, in an automatic transmission, one component is held fixed, while another component is input, and the remaining component is used for output. By choosing a set of components for held, input, and output, the planetary gear will increase or decrease speed and change direction.

This is a document about Overhead camshaft engine
  A gear train system between the crankshaft and the camshaft is commonly used in diesel overhead camshaft engines used in heavy trucks. Gear trains are less commonly used in OHC engines for light trucks or automobiles.

This is a document about Virtual work
  A gear train is formed by mounting gears on a frame so that the teeth of the gears engage. Gear teeth are designed to ensure the pitch circles of engaging gears roll on each other without slipping, this provides a smooth transmission of rotation from one gear to the next. For this analysis, we consider a gear train that has one degree-of-freedom, which means the angular rotation of all the gears in the gear train are defined by the angle of the input gear. The size of the gears and the sequence in which they engage define the ratio of the angular velocity ωA of the input gear to the angular velocity ωB of the output gear, known as the speed ratio, or gear ratio, of the gear train. Let R be the speed ratio, then Thus, the speed ratio of a gear train also defines its mechanical advantage. This shows that if the input gear rotates faster than the output gear, then the gear train amplifies the input torque. And, if the input gear rotates slower than the output gear, then the gear train reduces the input torque.

This is a document about Antikythera mechanism
  the gear sets. The Sun gear is b1/b2 and b2 has 64 teeth. It directly drives the date/mean sun pointer (there may have been a second, "true sun" pointer that displayed the Sun's elliptical anomaly; it is discussed below in the Freeth reconstruction). In this discussion, reference is to modelled rotational period of various pointers and indicators; they all assume the input rotation of the b1 gear of 360 degrees, corresponding with one tropical year, and are computed solely on the basis of the gear ratios of the gears named. The Moon train starts with gear b1 and proceeds through c1, c2, d1, d2, e2, e5, k1, k2, e6,

This is a document about Hub gear
 In low gear, the sprocket drives the annulus (in red above) and the planet carrier (in green above) drives the hub, giving a gear reduction. ; In middle gear, the sprocket drives the hub directly. ; In high gear, the sprocket drives the planet carrier and the annulus drives the hub, resulting in a gear increase. The simplest 3-speed hubs use a single planetary epicyclic gearset. The sun gear (in yellow above) is mounted solidly to the axle and is thus fixed relative to the bicycle frame. The hub axle of a hub gear (unlike that of a derailleur system) will carry torque in all gears except direct drive, and so must be securely braced against rotation. While anti-rotation washers between the

This is a document about Sturmey-Archer
  All Sturmey-Archer gear hubs use epicyclic (planetary) geartrains of varying complexity. The AW is the simplest, using one set of planetary gears with four planets. The AM uses three compound planets with differently sized cogs machined from a common shaft to engage the gear ring and sun gear separately, while the close-ratio three-speeds, and hubs with four or more speeds, use multiple planetary geartrains. Depending on the specific hub these may be in series with each other, or with one or the other set being selectable at any given time by locking a particular sun gear to the axle.

This is a document about Epicyclic gearing
  Epicyclic gearing or planetary gearing is a gear system consisting of one or more outer, or planet, gears or pinions, revolving about a central sun gear or sun wheel. Typically, the planet gears are mounted on a movable arm or carrier, which itself may rotate relative to the sun gear. Epicyclic gearing systems also incorporate the use of an outer ring gear or annulus, which meshes with the planet gears. Planetary gears (or epicyclic gears) are typically classified as simple or compound planetary gears. Simple planetary gears have one sun, one ring, one carrier, and one planet set. Compound planetary gears involve one or more of the following three types of structures: meshed-planet (there are at least two more planets in mesh with each other in each planet train), stepped-planet (there exists a shaft connection between two planets in each planet train),

This is a document about H. E. Merritt
 Text Book of Machine Construction and Drawing. Bell, 1922. (With Maurice Platt) ; Gears. Isaac Pitman, London, 1942. (Revised 1943, 2nd 1946, 3rd 1954) ; Gear Trains: Including a Brocot table of decimal equivalents and a table of factors of all useful numbers up to 200,000. Isaac Pitman, London, 1947. ; Gear Engineering. Isaac Pitman, London, 1971. ; The Scope of Gear Research. Institution of Automobile Engineers, n.d.

This is a document about Gear
  the same shape. Two or more meshing gears, working in a sequence, are called a gear train or a transmission. The gears in a transmission are analogous to the wheels in a crossed, belt pulley system. An advantage of gears is that the teeth of a gear prevent slippage. In transmissions with multiple gear ratios—such as bicycles, motorcycles, and cars—the term "gear" (e.g., "first gear") refers to a gear ratio rather than an actual physical gear. The term describes similar devices, even when the gear ratio is continuous rather than discrete, or when the device does not actually contain gears, as in a continuously variable transmission. Furthermore, a gear can mesh with a linear toothed part, called a rack, producing translation instead of rotation.

This is a document about Gear train
  If a simple gear train has three gears, such that the input gear GA meshes with an intermediate gear GI which in turn meshes with the output gear GB, then the pitch circle of the intermediate gear rolls without slipping on both the pitch circles of the input and output gears. This yields the two relations Notice that this gear ratio is exactly the same as for the case when the gears GA and GB engage directly. The intermediate gear provides spacing but does not affect the gear ratio. For this reason it is called an idler gear. The same gear ratio is obtained for a sequence of idler gears and hence an idler gear is used to provide the same direction to rotate the driver and driven gear. If the driver gear moves in the clockwise direction, then the driven gear also moves in the clockwise direction with the help of the idler gear.

This is a document about Metal lathe
  The feedscrew (H8) is a long driveshaft that allows a series of gears to drive the carriage mechanisms. These gears are located in the apron of the carriage. Both the feedscrew and leadscrew (H7) are driven by either the change gears (on the quadrant) or an intermediate gearbox known as a quick change gearbox (H6) or Norton gearbox. These intermediate gears allow the correct ratio and direction to be set for cutting threads or worm gears. Tumbler gears (operated by H5) are provided between the spindle and gear train along with a quadrant plate that enables a gear train of the correct ratio and direction to be introduced. This provides a constant relationship between the number of turns the spindle makes, to

This is a document about Freeride (mountain biking)
  Freeride mountain bikes are often geared differently to downhill or other mountain bikes. There are three main types of freeride mountain bike gearings, these are single speed, short range and long range. Single speed mountain bikes use a single chainring at the front, mounted to the cranks, and a single sprocket at the rear, normally mounted to a freewheel or a freehub. A short range freeride bike uses a single chainring at the front, with a cassette hub, containing multiple (usually 7 or 10) sprockets, ranging in size from 10 teeth to 24 teeth. A long range freeride bike normally has a single chainring at the front (however older bikes may have 2 or 3) with multiple (10, 11 or 12) sprockets at the rear mounted on a cassette hub, ranging in size from 10-52 teeth. The larger number of gears and larger rear rings provide a "low low gear" for climbing up steep surfaces.

This is a document about Dacia Easy-R
 R is the reverse gear. It is similar to R in both traditional manual and in fully-automatic transmissions. ; N is the neutral gear. It is similar to N in both traditional manual and fully-automatic transmissions. ; D is the drive gear. It is the equivalent to D in a fully-automatic transmission. The gearbox in an AMT car is a manual gearbox, instead of one with a torque converter as in a traditional automatic transmission. ; M- downshifts a gear in a sequential fashion, from M5 (M6 in 6-speed AMT cars) to M1. ; M+ up-shifts a gear in a sequential fashion, from M1 to M5 (M6 in 6-speed AMT cars). The Easy-R transmission has the following gears: R, N, D, M+, M-

A simple gear train can be found in various mechanical systems, such as automobiles, where the crankshaft and camshaft are connected by a gear train to ensure a 2:1 ratio between the crankshaft and camshaft rotations. It can also be found in gearboxes, which provide further vehicle speed reduction and contain a differential to allow for different wheel speeds. In the context of horology, a simple gear train is the gear train of a mechanical watch or clock.