Question: how many episodes are there in season 2 of the crown

Answer: 10 one - hour episodes

This is a document about The Crown (TV series)
 in 1963 to the birth of Prince Edward in 1964. The third season will continue from 1964, covering Harold Wilson's two periods as prime minister until 1976, while the fourth will include Margaret Thatcher's premiership and introduce Lady Diana Spencer. "The Crown" evolved out of Morgan's 2006 film "The Queen" and 2013 stage play "The Audience". The series is intended to last 60 episodes over six seasons, with 10 one-hour episodes per season, covering Elizabeth's life from her younger years to her reign, and with new actors being cast every two seasons. Claire Foy portrays the Queen in the first

This is a document about The Crown (season 2)
  The second season of The Crown follows the life and reign of Queen Elizabeth II. It consists of ten episodes and was released by Netflix on 8 December 2017. Claire Foy stars as Elizabeth, with main cast members Matt Smith, Vanessa Kirby, Jeremy Northam, Greg Wise, Victoria Hamilton, Alex Jennings and Lia Williams reprising their roles from the first season. Anton Lesser and Matthew Goode are added to the main cast. Original main cast members Jared Harris, John Lithgow, and Ben Miles also return in cameo appearances.

This is a document about Torchwood (audio drama series)
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This is a document about The Specials (TV series)
  Season 2 consists of seven 21-minute episodes. It premiered together with season 1 on OWN as a back-to-back marathon on 7 September 2014. It picks up 2 years after the end of season 1.

This is a document about Mile High
  Series one consisted of 13 episodes. Series two consisted of 7 episodes followed by 19 in series three. Series two was the shortest series due to a compressed time scale for filming. Series two was a major success and as a result a further series of 19 episodes was commissioned. Episodes 14–20 and 21–39 were shown in four separate batches. Although episodes 21–39 were commissioned as a third series, episodes 14–20 and 21–39 were combined to create one large series classified as series two. Charlotte Taylor (Sarah Farooqui) departed after series two, causing her character to disappear without explanation in series three when it was combined with series two. This is one major difference between the series.

This is a document about Castle & Castle
 Season 1: 13 Episodes ; Season 2: 6 Episodes

This is a document about The Crown (season 3)
  The third season of The Crown follows the life and reign of Queen Elizabeth II. It consists of ten episodes and was released by Netflix on 17 November 2019. Olivia Colman stars as Elizabeth, along with main cast members Tobias Menzies, Helena Bonham Carter, Ben Daniels, Jason Watkins, Marion Bailey, Erin Doherty, Jane Lapotaire, Charles Dance, Josh O'Connor, Geraldine Chaplin, Michael Maloney, Emerald Fennell, and Andrew Buchan. John Lithgow and Pip Torrens return in cameo appearances.

This is a document about Taxi Driver (Israeli TV series)
  Season 2 premiered 8 August 2012 and consisted of 13 episodes. Season two takes place approximately one year after season 1 left off.

This is a document about The Crown (TV series)
  In November 2014, it was announced that Netflix was to adapt the 2013 stage play The Audience into a television series. Peter Morgan, who wrote the 2006 film The Queen and the play, is the main scriptwriter for The Crown. The directors of the first season are Stephen Daldry, Philip Martin, Julian Jarrold, and Benjamin Caron. The first ten-part season was the most expensive drama produced by Netflix and Left Bank Pictures to date, costing at least £100 million. A second season was commissioned, with the series intended to span sixty episodes over six seasons. By October 2017, "early production" had begun on an anticipated third and fourth season, and by the following January, Netflix confirmed the series had been renewed for third and fourth seasons. In January 2020, Morgan announced that the

This is a document about Wings (British TV series)
  Series 1 consisted of 12 episodes. Series 2 consisted of 13 episodes.

This is a document about The Guard (TV series)
  While there is agreement that 22 episodes of The Guard have been produced, the organization into seasons has provided some controversy. Originally, Halifax Film announced a first season consisting of 7 episodes. Halifax announced on October 9, 2008 that season 2 would consist of 15 episodes beginning on 29 October 2008. In the final press kit, it states, "The Guard returns with a new season of 15 one-hour episodes on October 29 in its new timeslot Wednesday at 10 PM on Global TV." However, in this same press kit (edited after the series was completed), Halifax Film opts to relabel the episodes for marketing purposes in other markets so that season 1 consists of

This is a document about Dan & Becs
 } The second series consists of ten episodes. It began broadcasting in September 2007. Episodes were available for viewing online for a week after original broadcast.

This is a document about The Owl House
  Directly following the events of the first season finale, this season will "find our heroes working together to return Luz to the Human Realm, help Eda confront her inner demons, and search for the truth about King's past." The season features 21 episodes divided into "2A" and "2B". The first letters of the episode titles for 2A spell out "SEEK THE KEY."

This is a document about Love After Lockup
  Episode listings of the show's second season vary. We TV separates the season into two parts in their official listings, but also includes the two seasons of the spin-off Love After Lockup: Life After Lockup in their episode count. iTunes splits the season into four volumes,   while Amazon Prime list them separately as "2", "202", "203" and "204" respectively. The second part of season two has also been referred to as "season 3" by some media outlets and non-American digital platforms.

This is a document about List of Thunderbirds episodes
  Series Two comprised six 50-minute episodes. Episodes are listed in the official order published by distributor ITC Entertainment, which matches the order of production.

This is a document about ABC Audio
  Inside Frozen 2 (November 11, 2019-December 9, 2020). 7 episodes. ; Inside the Oscars (March 25, 2021-April 26, 2021). 6 episodes. ; The Investigation (February 11, 2019-February 7, 2020) ; Journeys of Faith (November 13, 2018-April 21, 2020) ten episodes with 3 premiere episodes ; A Killing on The Cape (October 25, 2017–November 29, 2017). 6 episodes. ; Life After Suicide (May 1, 2019-June 18, 2019) ; Motivated (June 26, 2017–December 31, 2017) ; A Murder on Orchard Street (October 3, 2017–November 30, 2017). 8 episodes. ; Nightline (November 30, 2017–present) ; No Limits with Rebecca Jarvis (January 9, 2017–December

This is a document about Kingdom (South Korean TV series)
  On December 17, 2018, the official trailer for the series was released. On January 25, 2019, the first season of the series, consisting of six episodes, was released for streaming on Netflix. The second season, also consisting of six episodes, was released on March 13, 2020. A special 92-minute episode, titled "Kingdom: Ashin of the North", was released on July 23, 2021. A second special episode on the Crown Prince is reported to be in the works and scheduled for release in 2023.

This is a document about Halifax f.p.
  Note: Episode 2 was aired after 3.

This is a document about Byomkesh Bakshi (TV series)
  There were two seasons having 32 episodes. The first season had 13 and the second season had 19 episodes.

Season 2 of "The Crown" consists of 10 episodes.


Question: who are the characters in rowan of rin

Answer: Rowan

This is a document about Rowan of Rin (series)
 Rowan of Rin (series) The Rowan of Rin series is a series of five children's fantasy novels by Australian author Emily Rodda. The series follow the adventures of a shy village boy, Rowan. The "Rowan" stories take place in a fictional world, and each novel always begin in the small village of Rin, an isolated valley that rests at the foot of the forbidden Mountain. West of the Mountain is an unnavigable wasteland, and east of Rin lies a river that runs into the sea. On the coast is the larger, more populous city of Maris, home to the fish-like

This is a document about Rowan of Rin (series)
 attack. Rowan of Rin travels to the Zebak city to find his sister, and returns with Norris and Shaaran as well, the last two descendants of the original Rin slaves. Shaaran brings the silks with her to the new Rin, causing the leader of the Travelers, Ogden, to suspect that the people of Rin and the people of the Valley of Gold are one and the same. Rowan is a weak and timid boy, with a strong heart and mind but a frail, sickly body and a love for the gentle Bukshah. He is an oddity in Rin, the people

This is a document about Rowan and the Keeper of the Crystal
 the island "Maris" because for centuries they have traded with the fish-like Maris people who live on the island's east coast in the village of Maris. Rowan and the Keeper of the Crystal Rowan and the Keeper of the Crystal is a 1996 children's fantasy novel by Australian author Emily Rodda. It is the third book in the "Rowan of Rin" series. The Keeper of the Crystal – leader of the Maris people – is dying and a messenger brings this news to Rin Rowan of Rin learns that his mother, Jiller, is to choose the new leader from one

This is a document about Rowan and the Travellers
 the town's river and the Bukshahs's field. Whilst on the Mountain, a dangerous dragon is said to dwell, which Rowan met on his first big journey. The book picks up where the first one, "Rowan of Rin (novel)", ended. "Rowan and the Travellers" tells the story about how the tribe of the Travellers mysteriously showed up in the town of Rin. After their even more mysterious departure, a sleeping sickness appears in Rin and the Travellers are suspected of causing it. Rowan and Allun go to find the Travellers and ask them to stop the sickness. They find the Travellers

This is a document about Rowan and the Keeper of the Crystal
 Rowan and the Keeper of the Crystal Rowan and the Keeper of the Crystal is a 1996 children's fantasy novel by Australian author Emily Rodda. It is the third book in the "Rowan of Rin" series. The Keeper of the Crystal – leader of the Maris people – is dying and a messenger brings this news to Rin Rowan of Rin learns that his mother, Jiller, is to choose the new leader from one of the three warring Maris clans. Doss of Pandellis, Asha of Umbray and Seaborn of Fisk are their names. When she falls victim to a strong

This is a document about Rowan and the Travellers
 Rowan and the Travellers Rowan and the Travellers is the sequel to "Rowan of Rin", and the second book in the "Rowan of Rin" series written by Emily Rodda and published in 1994. It picks up where the first one ended, and tells the story of the Travellers, a tribe that may carry a dangerous sickness mysteriously comes and goes from Rin, where Rowan, a shy and weak, but strong minded boy lives, a dangerous sleeping sickness appears. The sickness comes from a fruit brought down from the Mountain (by one Rowan's own companions, Allun the baker) next to Rin,

This is a document about Rowan of Rin (series)
 the Zebak find them, and what danger is waiting for them in the land of the Zebak? (Retitled to "Rowan and the Ice Creepers" in North America) An endless winter has begun in the land of Rin. The Rin folk have fled to the Maris and only a few remain in the village, but Rowan must still embark on a deadly quest. He journeys up the mountain in his beloved bukshah's wake to cease the endless frost and ice, but doing so may endanger not only himself, but his loved ones as well. Rowan of Rin (series) The Rowan of

This is a document about Rowan of Rin (series)
 resumes melting the ice around its cave, causing the stream to flow down to the village. The Travelers- allies to the people of Rin since their exodus from Zebak land- are returning to the valley. However, their visit is much too soon. Normally the Travelers visit the valley of Rin once every two years; on this occasion, they are returning suspiciously early, and just six months after Rowan conquered the forbidden mountain and Allun brought the newly found Mountain Berry plant back to the village. With mystery and intrigue Rowan must solve Sheba the wise woman's prophecy about the fate

This is a document about Rowan and the Travellers
 fantasy series of its time, though most fantasy were in the style of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, so it was referred to as an original, new and unique kind of fantasy and story. Rowan and the Travellers Rowan and the Travellers is the sequel to "Rowan of Rin", and the second book in the "Rowan of Rin" series written by Emily Rodda and published in 1994. It picks up where the first one ended, and tells the story of the Travellers, a tribe that may carry a dangerous sickness mysteriously comes and goes from Rin, where Rowan, a shy and

This is a document about Deltora Quest (series)
 Marc McBride than Emily Rodda, seeing that he is the illustrator. At the Melbourne Writer's Festival, Rodda announced that the lands in "Rowan of Rin" are set in the same world as Deltora, to its east. In the back of the paperback version of "Shadows of the Master" there is also an author's note that states that "Rowan of Rin", "The Three Doors" and "Deltora Quest" are set in the same world. Barda describes Lief as "a young hot-head" who spends his time roaming the streets and both tempting and dodging trouble. On his 16th birthday he leaves Del on

This is a document about Rowan of Rin (series)
 of the valley Rin. But will he make it in time? And who is the real enemy? The Travelers. Rowan and his mother must travel to the beaches where the Maris civilisation dwell all in order to choose the next Keeper of the Crystal. Rowan suspects nothing until his mother is poisoned and he must take her place, but Rowan refuses to elect the new Keeper, deciding that he needs the antidote to save his mother. He and the three candidates battling to be the next Keeper must go to find the antidote to save his mother. Everything seems to

This is a document about Rowan and the Zebak
 their Zebak masters the helped the Travelers and the Maris repel them, and eventually settled into what is now Rin, but what happened to those left behind was not. The people left, gentle and timid, with the loss of their people began to decline, so when Rowan and his companions hear this tale there are only three survivors, a grandfather and his grandchildren, Shaaran, gentle like Rowan, and Norris- a throwback to his warrior lineage. Five leave Rin, but five do not return, because along with bringing Annad home, Rowan and the others also bring the grandchildren to rejoin their

This is a document about Rowan and the Zebak
 Rowan and the Zebak Rowan and the Zebak is a 1999 children's fantasy novel by Australian author Emily Rodda. It is the fourth book in the "Rowan of Rin" series. Rowan's younger sister, Annad, is snatched from Rin by a flying monster. Rowan must travel to the land of the Zebak – Rin's greatest enemies – in order to rescue her. As she has several times before, the witch Sheba gives a prophecy to guide them on their quest: The five fingers become Rowan, his Zebak born traveller friend Zeel, Allun the baker, A Maris friend, Perlain, and Sheba through

This is a document about Rowan and the Zebak
 people after many centuries apart. Rowan of Rin/of the Bukshah. The "Thumb" on the hand of fate. Rowan plays his part by helping Unos a working grach fly to Rin. Sheba the Wise Woman. The "Pointer" on the hand of fate. Sheba leads the quest but through correspondence. She plays her part by giving the rhymes. Zeel of the Travelers. The "Middle" on the hand of fate. Zeel played her part by disguising herself as a Zebak Guard and taking the group to where the slaves are. Zeel is one of three Forerunners of the Travelers, and own a white

This is a document about Rowan and the Travellers
 heading to the horrific Pit of Unrin. Here they find out that the sickness originally descends from a dangerous kind of fruit called Mountain-berries brought down from the Mountain next to Rin. Its scent lulls people into a deep and heavy sleep. It turns out that the berries are the smaller and infantile form of big trees growing beneath the Mountain itself. Rowan, Allun and the Travellers must save the town with the help of a potion Sheba made of slip-daisy roots. Rowan is a shy and weak boy of the town of Rin, but nevertheless he is the main

This is a document about Rowan of Rin (series)
 be very well and usual in the valley of Rin. But, somehow, Rowan, Perlain and Ogden all sense danger in the land. Rowan knows he must do something, but he doesn't want to disturb the wedding of Jiller, his mom, and Jonn, his step father. Unexpectedly, before the wedding ceremony ended, Annad is snatched by a flying creature known as the Zebak grach. With guilt and despair Rowan set off for his journey to rescue Annad. Accompanied by his three companions and Sheba's prophecies, Rowan must travel to the land of his ancient enemy - the Zebak. But what if

This is a document about Rowan of Rin (series)
 of which value physical strength, chest hair and courage, and is looked down upon by all those that feel ashamed that he does not live up to his late father's reputation. He is designated the Keeper of the Bukshah, a domesticated form of cattle. In "Rowan of Rin", he proves himself to be the greatest hero of all the villagers; when his six brave, strong companions fall to the hazards of the forbidden Mountain, Rowan perseveres, faces the great Dragon, and escapes. In doing so, he saves the town by relieving the Dragon of its crippling wound; the Dragon then

This is a document about Rowan and the Zebak
 Slave. Shaaran is a timid slave to the Zebak. The group rescue her in the end. Norris the Slave. Norris is a strong slave to the Zebak. The group rescue him in the end. Theiry the Slave. Theiry is an old man who is a timid slave to the Zebak. Theiry made an oath never to escape on his grach. Theiry dies because of a Zebak guard called Zanel. When Theiry died the group and slaves could ride back to Rin on his grach. Rowan and the Zebak Rowan and the Zebak is a 1999 children's fantasy novel by Australian

This is a document about Rowan of Rin (series)
 Maris people. It is stated in "Rowan and the Zebak" that Maris is the only point on the coast where ships can land safely, as north and south of Maris the coast is lined by hazardous rocks and steep cliffs. Across the sea, to the east, lies the land of the Zebak; the Zebak territory is a desert, its city reunited in steel walls and protected from land threats by the desolate, hazard-ridden Wastelands. The series is set in the village of Rin, which is found within a valley on the main continent across the Silver Sea from Deltora, known

 The main characters in the Rowan of Rin series by Emily Rodda are:

1. Rowan: A shy village boy who embarks on adventures and discovers the truth about his past.
2. Rin: A small, isolated village where Rowan lives.
3. Maris: A girl from the village of Rin who is Rowan's friend.
4. Zeb: A boy from the village of Rin who is Rowan's friend.
5. Sha: A boy from the village of Rin who is Rowan's friend.
6. Og


Question: who wrote the 14th amendment to the constitution

Answer: Joint Committee on Reconstruction

This is a document about Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
 experience also encouraged both radical and moderate Republicans to seek Constitutional guarantees for black rights, rather than relying on temporary political majorities. Over 70 proposals for an amendment were drafted. In late 1865, the Joint Committee on Reconstruction proposed an amendment stating that any citizens barred from voting on the basis of race by a state would not be counted for purposes of representation of that state. This amendment passed the House, but was blocked in the Senate by a coalition of Radical Republicans led by Charles Sumner, who believed the proposal a "compromise with wrong", and Democrats opposed to

This is a document about Reconstruction Amendments
  The Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution was proposed by Congress on June 13, 1866. By July 9, 1868, it had received ratification by the legislatures of the required number of states in order to officially become the Fourteenth Amendment. On July 20, 1868, Secretary of State William Seward certified that it had been ratified and added to the federal Constitution. The amendment addresses citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws and was proposed in response to issues related to the treatment of freedmen following the war. The amendment was bitterly contested, particularly by Southern states, which were forced to ratify it in

This is a document about Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
   Anticipating an increase in Democratic membership in the following Congress, Republicans used the lame-duck session of the 40th United States Congress to pass an amendment protecting black suffrage. Representative John Bingham, the primary author of the Fourteenth Amendment, pushed for a wide-ranging ban on suffrage limitations, but a broader proposal banning voter restriction on the basis of "race, color, nativity, property, education, or religious beliefs" was rejected. A proposal to specifically ban literacy tests was also rejected. Some Representatives from the North, where nativism was a major force, wished to preserve restrictions denying the franchise to foreign-born citizens, as did Representatives from the West, where ethnic Chinese were banned from voting. Both Southern and Northern Republicans also wanted to continue to deny the vote temporarily to Southerners disenfranchised for support

This is a document about Andrew Johnson
  most disastrous miscalculation of his political career". According to Stewart, the veto was "for many his defining blunder, setting a tone of perpetual confrontation with Congress that prevailed for the rest of his presidency". Congress also proposed the Fourteenth Amendment to the states. Written by Trumbull and others, it was sent for ratification by state legislatures in a process in which the president plays no part, though Johnson opposed it. The amendment was designed to put the key provisions of the Civil Rights Act into the Constitution, but also went further. The amendment extended citizenship to every person born in the United States

This is a document about Federalist No. 14
  The Federalist Papers), all which were printed in New York newspapers under the pseudonym "Publius" addressed "To the People of the State of New York." After 85 Federalist essays and 10 months of deliberation, the Constitution was ratified on July 21, 1788. The 14th Federalist Paper, written by James Madison, addressed the topics of identifying the form of government which the Union was trying to attain, the size of the Union, the separation of powers between the general government and the States, the traveling within the Union, and the benefits in regards to States at the borderline of the Union.

This is a document about McIntyre v. Ohio Elections Commission
  Stevens began his First Amendment analysis by quoting Talley v. California, where the Court wrote: "Anonymous pamphlets, leaflets, brochures and even books have played an important role in the progress of mankind." Stevens noted various well-known authors throughout literary history who had opted to publish either anonymously or under a pseudonym, including Mark Twain, O. Henry, Benjamin Franklin, and Voltaire. He then stated that the "freedom to publish anonymously extends beyond the literary realm", referring to the decision in Talley, as well as The Federalist Papers, a collection of anonymous essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay to promote the ratification of what is now the U.S. Constitution. In justifying a First Amendment right to anonymity, Stevens wrote

This is a document about Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
  that the Congress of the United States ever had the power, or color of power to say that any man born within the jurisdiction of the United States, not owing a foreign allegiance, is not and shall not be a citizen of the United States." At the time of the amendment's passage, President Andrew Johnson and three senators, including Trumbull, the author of the Civil Rights Act, asserted that both the Civil Rights Act and the Fourteenth Amendment would confer citizenship to children born to foreign nationals in the United States. Senator Edgar Cowan of Pennsylvania had a decidedly different

This is a document about Birthright citizenship in the United States
   During the original debate over the 14th Amendment Senator Jacob M. Howard of Michigan—the sponsor of the Amendment, though the Citizenship Clause was written by Senator Wade—described the clause as having the same content, despite different wording, as the earlier Civil Rights Act of 1866, namely, that it excludes American Indians who maintain their tribal ties and "persons born in the United States who are foreigners, aliens, who belong to the families of ambassadors or foreign ministers". Others also agreed that the children of ambassadors and foreign ministers were to be excluded. Concerning the children born in the United States to parents who

This is a document about John Bingham
  John Armor Bingham (January 21, 1815 – March 19, 1900) was an American Republican representative from Ohio, an assistant Judge Advocate General in the trial of the Abraham Lincoln assassination and a prosecutor in the impeachment trials of U.S. President Andrew Johnson. He was also the principal framer of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.

This is a document about Radical Republicans
 Amos Tappan Akerman: attorney general under the Grant administration who vigorously prosecuted the Ku Klux Klan in the South under the Enforcement Acts ; Adelbert Ames: Governor of Mississippi in 1868–1870 and 1874–1876 ; James Mitchell Ashley: representative from Ohio ; John Armor Bingham: representative from Ohio and principal framer of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution ; Austin Blair: Governor of Michigan in 1861–1865 ; George Sewall Boutwell: representative from Massachusetts and Treasury Secretary under President Grant from 1869 to 1873 ; William Gannaway Brownlow: publisher of the Knoxville Whig, Tennessee governor and senator ; Rufus Bullock: Governor of Georgia 1868–1871 ; Benjamin Butler: Massachusetts politician-soldier who was hated by

This is a document about Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
  The Fourteenth Amendment (Amendment XIV) to the United States Constitution was adopted on July 9, 1868, as one of the Reconstruction Amendments. Often considered as one of the most consequential amendments, it addresses citizenship rights and equal protection under the law and was proposed in response to issues related to former slaves following the American Civil War. The amendment was bitterly contested, particularly by the states of the defeated Confederacy, which were forced to ratify it in order to regain representation in Congress. The amendment, particularly its first section, is one of the most litigated parts of the Constitution, forming the basis for landmark Supreme Court decisions such as

This is a document about Ku Klux Klan in Canada
  policy of the 40th United States Congress, a harsher approach was adopted in which former Confederates were removed from power and freedmen were enfranchised. In July 1868, Congress passed the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, addressing citizenship rights and granting equal protection under the law. The 1868 presidential election victory by Ulysses S. Grant, who supported Radical Republicans, further entrenched this approach. Under his presidency, the Fifteenth Amendment to the constitution was passed, prohibiting federal and state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's "race, color, or previous condition of servitude". This was followed by three Enforcement Acts, criminal codes protecting African

This is a document about Thaddeus Stevens
  the Fourteenth Amendment, which became part of the Constitution in mid-1868. Stevens introduced a Tenure of Office Act, restricting Johnson from firing officials who had received Senate confirmation without getting that body's consent. The Tenure of Office Act was ambiguous since it could be read to protect officeholders only during the tenure of the president who appointed them, and most of the officials the radicals sought to protect had been named by Lincoln. Chief among these was Secretary of War Edwin Stanton, a radical himself. Stevens steered a bill to enfranchise African-Americans in the District of Columbia through the House. The Senate passed it in 1867, and it was enacted over Johnson's veto. Congress was downsizing the Army for peacetime; Stevens offered an

This is a document about Lyman Trumbull House
  Lyman Trumbull House is a house significant for its association with former U.S. Senator from Illinois Lyman Trumbull. The house is located in the historic Middletown neighborhood in Alton, Illinois. Senator Trumbull was best known for being a co-author of the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The house was built around 1849, and was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1975. Senator Trumbull lived in this house from 1849 to 1863, according to the documentation provided in the National Historic Landmark application. The house is a 1 1⁄2-story red brick, gable-roofed residence with limestone foundation. It was originally rectangular-shaped, but late in the 19th century an addition was built on the rear of the house, transforming it into an "L" shaped

This is a document about Second impeachment of Donald Trump
  The Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is one of the Reconstruction Amendments. It addresses citizenship rights and equal protection under the law and was proposed in response to issues related to former slaves following the American Civil War. Section 3 states that a person who participated in insurrection after having taken an oath to support the Constitution is disqualified from holding future office unless permitted by Congress. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez was one of the House Democrats that supported invoking the 14th Amendment against Trump. In a letter, Pelosi thanked her colleagues for their contributions to discussions on the 14th Amendment. If successful, the former President would be ineligible for appointment to any federal office without a

This is a document about Equal Protection Clause
  person and property, as is enjoyed by white citizens." President Andrew Johnson vetoed the Civil Rights Act of 1866 amid concerns (among other things) that Congress did not have the constitutional authority to enact such a bill. Such doubts were one factor that led Congress to begin to draft and debate what would become the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Additionally, Congress wanted to protect white Unionists who were under personal and legal attack in the former Confederacy. The effort was led by the Radical Republicans of both houses of Congress, including John Bingham, Charles Sumner, and Thaddeus Stevens. It was the most influential of these men, John Bingham, who was the principal author and

This is a document about Birthright citizenship in the United States
  not U.S. citizens (and not foreign diplomats), three senators, including Senate Judiciary Committee Chairman Lyman Trumbull, the author of the Civil Rights Act, as well as President Andrew Johnson, agreed, asserting that both the Civil Rights Act and the 14th Amendment would confer citizenship on them at birth, and no senator offered a contrary opinion. Most of the debate on this section of the Amendment centered on whether the wording in the Civil Rights Act or Howard's proposal more effectively excluded Aboriginal Americans on reservations and in U.S. territories from citizenship. Senator James R. Doolittle of Wisconsin asserted that all Native Americans are

This is a document about Gun politics in the United States
  In the years immediately following the Civil War, the question of the rights of freed slaves to carry arms and to belong to the militia came to the attention of the federal courts. In response to the problems freed slaves faced in the Southern states, the Fourteenth Amendment was drafted. When the Fourteenth Amendment was drafted, Representative John A. Bingham of Ohio used the Court's own phrase "privileges and immunities of citizens" to include the first Eight Amendments of the Bill of Rights under its protection and guard these rights against state legislation. The debate in Congress on the Fourteenth Amendment after the Civil War also concentrated on what the Southern States were doing to harm the newly freed slaves. One particular concern was the disarming of former slaves. The Second Amendment attracted serious judicial attention with the Reconstruction era case of

This is a document about Federalist No. 54
  the Constitution was to be three out of every five slaves, or 3⁄5 of the total number of slaves in a state. Madison thereby defends the Three-fifths Compromise that was adopted by the Constitutional Convention but which remained controversial and a source of friction between the states and political parties (it was annulled by the Fourteenth Amendment). Federalist No. 54 was erroneously attributed to John Jay in Alexander Hamilton's enumeration of the authors of the various Federalist Papers. Madison was Hamilton's major collaborator, writing 29 of the papers, although Madison himself asserted that he had written more. A known error in Hamilton's list, that he incorrectly ascribed No. 54 to John Jay when in fact Jay wrote No. 64, provides evidence for Madison's claim. Nearly all of the statistical studies show that the disputed papers were written by Madison, including No. 54.

This is a document about Federalist No. 14
  Federalist No. 14 is an essay by James Madison titled "Objections to the Proposed Constitution From Extent of Territory Answered". This essay is the fourteenth of The Federalist Papers. It was published on November 30, 1787 under the pseudonym Publius, the name under which all The Federalist papers were published. It addresses a major objection of the Anti-Federalists to the proposed United States Constitution: that the sheer size of the United States would make it impossible to govern justly as a single country. Madison touched on this issue in Federalist No. 10 and returns to it in this essay.

The Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution was proposed by Congress and ratified by the states. It was not written by a single individual, but rather by a group of legislators. The amendment was proposed in response to the need to address citizenship rights and equal protection under the law, particularly for freed slaves following the Civil War. The amendment was passed by Congress on June 13, 1866, and ratified by the necessary number of states on July 9, 1868.


Question: the law that states that for every action

Answer: action - reaction law

This is a document about Newton's laws of motion
 that there is no such thing as a force that is not accompanied by an equal and opposite force. In some situations, the magnitude and direction of the forces are determined entirely by one of the two bodies, say Body "A"; the force exerted by Body "A" on Body "B" is called the "action", and the force exerted by Body "B" on Body "A" is called the "reaction". This law is sometimes referred to as the "action-reaction law", with F called the "action" and F the "reaction". In other situations the magnitude and directions of the forces are determined jointly

This is a document about Jurin's law
  The law is expressed as

This is a document about Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals
  The first formulation states that an action is only morally permissible if every agent could adopt the same principle of action without generating one of two kinds of contradiction. This is called the Formula for the Universal Law of Nature, which states that one should, “act as if the maxim of your action were to become by your will a universal law of nature.” A proposed maxim can fail to meet such requirement in one of two ways.

This is a document about Actus reus
  The terms actus reus and mens rea developed in English law are derived from the principle stated by Edward Coke, namely, actus non facit reum nisi mens sit rea, which means: "an act does not make a person guilty unless (their) mind is also guilty"; hence, the general test of guilt is one that requires proof of fault, culpability or blameworthiness in conjugation of thought (Mens rea) and action (Actus reus). In order for an actus reus to be committed there has to have been an act or action. Various common law define action differently but generally, an action or act is a "bodily movement whether voluntary or involuntary." In Robinson v. California,, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that a California law making it illegal to

This is a document about Equality before the law
   Equality before the law, also known as equality under the law, equality in the eyes of the law, legal equality, or legal egalitarianism, is the principle that all people must be equally protected by the law. The principle requires a systematic rule of law that observes due process to provide equal justice, and requires equal protection ensuring that no individual nor group of individuals be privileged over others by the law. Sometimes called the principle of isonomy, it arises from various philosophical questions concerning equality, fairness and justice. Equality before the law is one of the basic principles of some definitions of

This is a document about Rule of law
  for every one to do what he lists, to live as he pleases, and not to be tied by any laws: but freedom of men under government is, to have a standing rule to live by, common to every one of that society, and made by the legislative power erected in it; a liberty to follow my own will in all things, where the rule prescribes not; and not to be subject to the inconstant, uncertain, unknown, arbitrary will of another man: as freedom of nature is, to be under no other restraint but the law of nature." The principle was

This is a document about Piracy
   Under a principle of international law known as the "universality principle", a government may "exercise jurisdiction over conduct outside its territory if that conduct is universally dangerous to states and their nationals." The rationale behind the universality principle is that states will punish certain acts "wherever they may occur as a means of protecting the global community as a whole, even absent a link between the state and the parties or the acts in question." Under this principle, the concept of "universal jurisdiction" applies to the crime of piracy. For example, the United States has a statute (section 1651 of title 18 of the United States Code) imposing a sentence of life in prison for piracy "as defined by the law of nations"

This is a document about Act of state doctrine
  The act-of-state doctrine or foreign act of state doctrine is a principle in English and United States law which states that every sovereign state is bound to respect the independence of every other sovereign state, and the courts will not sit in judgment of another government's acts or act of any sovereign national done within its own territory. The doctrine is not required by international law (neither customary international law nor treaty law), but it is a principle recognized and adhered to by United States federal and state courts. In the United States, the rationales for the doctrine include respect for other nations' sovereignty and protection of the

This is a document about Kantian ethics
  Kant's first formulation of the Categorical Imperative is that of universalizability: "Act only according to that maxim by which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law." When someone acts, it is according to a rule, or maxim. For Kant, an act is only permissible if one is willing for the maxim that allows the action to be a universal law by which everyone acts. Maxims fail this test if they produce either a contradiction in conception or a contradiction in the will when universalized. A contradiction in conception happens when, if a maxim were to be universalized, it ceases to make sense,

This is a document about Value theory
  of a good will being the only intrinsic good. Moreover, Kant saw a good will as acting in accordance with a moral command, the "Categorical Imperative": "Act according to those maxims that you could will to be universal law. " but should not be confused with the Ethic of Reciprocity or Golden Rule, e.g. Mt. 7:12. Whereas the golden rule states that "One should treat others as one would like others to treat oneself," Kant asks us to analyze whether an act can be performed simultaneously by everyone without exception. For example, murder cannot be performed simultaneously by everyone, one set of people would have to live and the other die. That disparity is an exception. The

This is a document about Integrity
  the same laws as pertain to their fellow citizens. In personal ethics, this principle requires that one should not act according to any rule that one would not wish to see universally followed. For example, one should not steal unless one would want to live in a world in which everyone was a thief. The philosopher Immanuel Kant formally described the principle of universal application in his categorical imperative. The concept of integrity implies a wholeness, a comprehensive corpus of beliefs often referred to as a worldview. This concept of wholeness emphasizes honesty and authenticity, requiring that one act at all times in accordance with

This is a document about Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals
  a law that reflects only the form of law itself, namely that of universality. Thus, Kant arrives at his well-known categorical imperative, the moral law referenced in the above discussion of duty. Kant defines the categorical imperative as the following: "I ought never to act except in such a way that I could also will that my maxim should become a universal law." Later, at the beginning of Section Two, Kant admits that it is in fact impossible to give a single example of an action that could be certainly said to have been done from duty alone, or ever to know one's own mind well enough to be sure of one's own motives. The important thing, then, is not whether such pure virtue ever actually exists in the world; the important thing is that that reason dictates duty and that we recognize it as such.

This is a document about Sosa v. Alvarez-Machain
 UNIVERSALITY. A cause of action must be universally recognized by the law of nations as a prohibited norm in order to be actionable.  Given the shift in American jurisprudence away from natural law, the law of nations (from the U.S. standpoint) now consists of: mutual obligations that nations have traditionally observed in conduct with one another; "arbitrary law of nations," or norms that nations have voluntarily agreed to either explicitly (e.g., via treaties) or implicitly (e.g., via customary practice); and jus cogens. ; OBLIGATORY NATURE. The prohibitive norm must be binding or obligatory, not merely hortatory, in order to be actionable. ; SPECIFICITY.

This is a document about Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals
  Kant believes that all of our actions, whether motivated by inclination or morality, must follow some law. For example, if a person wants to qualify for nationals in ultimate frisbee, he will have to follow a law that tells him to practice his backhand pass, among other things. Notice, however, that this law is only binding on the person who wants to qualify for nationals in ultimate frisbee. In this way, it is contingent upon the ends that he sets and the circumstances that he is in. We know from the third proposition, however, that the moral law must bind universally and necessarily, that is, regardless of ends and circumstances. At this point, Kant asks, "what kind of law can that be, the representation of which must determine the will, even without regard for the effect expected from it...?" He concludes that the only remaining alternative

This is a document about Universal law
  In law and ethics, universal law or universal principle refers as concepts of legal legitimacy actions, whereby those principles and rules for governing human beings' conduct which are most universal in their acceptability, their applicability, translation, and philosophical basis, are therefore considered to be most legitimate. One type of Universal Law is the Law of Logic which prohibits logical contradictions known as sophistry. The Law of Logic is based upon the universal idea that logic is defined as that which is not illogical and that which is illogical is that which involves a logical contradiction, such as attempting to assert that an apple and no apple can exist at and in the same time and in the same place, and attempting to assert that A and not A can exist at and in the same time and in the same place.

This is a document about Sovereignty
  politique (1762) deals with sovereignty and its rights. Sovereignty, or the general will, is inalienable, for the will cannot be transmitted; it is indivisible since it is essentially general; it is infallible and always right, determined and limited in its power by the common interest; it acts through laws. Law is the decision of the general will regarding some object of common interest, but though the general will is always right and desires only good, its judgment is not always enlightened, and consequently does not always see wherein the common good lies; hence the necessity of the legislator. But the legislator

This is a document about Law (principle)
  A law is a universal principle that describes the fundamental nature of something, the universal properties and the relationships between things, or a description that purports to explain these principles and relationships.

This is a document about Categorical imperative
  The categorical imperative (kategorischer Imperativ) is the central philosophical concept in the deontological moral philosophy of Immanuel Kant. Introduced in Kant's 1785 Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals, it is a way of evaluating motivations for action. It is best known in its original formulation: "Act only according to that maxim whereby you can, at the same time, will that it should become a universal law." According to Kant, sentient beings occupy a special place in creation, and morality can be summed up in an imperative, or ultimate commandment of reason, from which all duties and obligations derive. He defines an imperative as any proposition declaring a certain action (or inaction) to be necessary. Hypothetical imperatives apply to someone who wishes to attain certain ends. For example, "I must drink something to quench my thirst" or "I must

This is a document about Will (philosophy)
  and political life. This, in other words, makes the general will consistent amongst the members of the state, implying that every single one of them have citizenship and have freedom as long as they are consenting to a set of norms and beliefs that promote equality, the common welfare, and lack servitude. According to Thompson, the general will has three rules that have to be obeyed in order for the general will to function as intended: (1) the rule of equality—no unequal duties are to be placed upon any other community member for one's personal benefit or for that of the community; (2) the rule of generality—the general

This is a document about Gradient discretisation method
  For all (defined by ).

The law that states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction is known as Newton's third law of motion. It is also referred to as the action-reaction law. This law describes the fundamental principle of interaction between two bodies in physics.


Question: who won the british baking show season 4

Answer: Frances Quinn

This is a document about The Great British Bake Off (series 4)
 of the Great British Bake Off 2013 was Frances Quinn. Colour key: The bakers were given two hours to make a sandwich cake with filling of their choice for the signature challenge. For their first technical challenge, the bakers were required to bake an angel food cake using Mary Berry's recipe in two and half hours. For the showstopper, the challenge was to make a chocolate cake using at least two types of chocolate to decorate the cake. They were given four hours for this bake. The bakers were asked to make in two hours 36 breadsticks, all made using

This is a document about The Great British Bake Off (series 4)
 knew of the result were placing bets on the outcome. This subsequently led to many online media sources speculating Quinn had won, inadvertently leaking the result prematurely. Frances Quinn wrote a book, "Quinntessential Baking", released on 17 August 2015. Ruby Tandoh has written a book, "Crumb: The Baking Book", published on 25 September 2014. She took half a year out from the university after the show but has returned to complete her philosophy and history of art course at University College London. She wrote a column on baking for "The Guardian". Beca Lyne-Pirkis presented a Welsh language cookery show "Becws"

This is a document about The Great British Bake Off
 British Bake Off" began on 14 August 2012. The series was filmed at Harptree Court in East Harptree, Somerset. The finalists were Brendan Lynch, James Morton and John Whaite, the last of whom won the final in a surprise result. In the U.S., the third series was broadcast as season 5 on PBS, and on Netflix as "The Great British Baking Show: The Beginnings". The fourth series of "The Great British Bake Off" started on 20 August 2013 on BBC Two. The series was again filmed at Harptree Court in East Harptree, Somerset. The final was won by Frances Quinn,

This is a document about The Great British Bake Off (series 4)
  The fourth series of The Great British Bake Off began airing on 20 August 2013. Mel Giedroyc and Sue Perkins again presented the show and Mary Berry and Paul Hollywood returned as judges. As with series three, the competition was held at Harptree Court in East Harptree, Somerset. 13,000 amateur bakers applied to appear on the programme, and 100 were selected for screen test, with the best 60 advancing to a three-day audition. From these, 13 contestants were chosen this year so the judges could eliminate two people whenever they wanted. The winner of the Great British Bake Off 2013 was Frances Quinn.

This is a document about Ali Imdad
 1) REDIRECT The Great British Bake Off (series 4)

This is a document about The Great British Bake Off
  The fourth series of The Great British Bake Off started on 20 August 2013 on BBC Two. The series was again filmed at Harptree Court in East Harptree, Somerset. The final was won by Frances Quinn, with Ruby Tandoh and Kimberley Wilson as runners up. In the US, the fourth series was broadcast as season 2 on PBS, and on Netflix as Collection 2.

This is a document about Junior Bake Off (series 4)
  The fourth series of Junior Bake Off aired from 7 November 2016, with forty contestants competing to be crowned the series 4 winner. Sam Nixon and Mark Rhodes returned to present the show, and Allegra McEvedy returned as judge with Nadiya Hussain replacing Graham Hornigold. McEvedy and Hussain decided to call themselves the cookery panel. Nikki Lilly won the series. This was Allegra McEvedy, Nadiya Hussain, Sam Nixon and Mark Rhodes’ last series as the junior bake off family and it was the last series on CBBC.

This is a document about MasterChef: The Professionals
  The fourth series began on 7 November 2011, with India Fisher's voiceover replaced with Sean Pertwee. The series concluded on 15 December 2011, with finalists Steve Barringer and Claire Hutchings being beaten by winner Ash Mair,  34, from Tasmania. He cooked a final three-course menu comprising a starter of roasted monkfish tail with lentils and Basque piperade; roast rump of lamb with braised lamb neck potato croquette; and a dessert of Spanish bread and butter pudding with vanilla parfait. This was the first series where two semi finalists were put through to the final from the same semi final heat. This resulted in 4 finalists for the first time and in the cook off Oliver Farrar, was knocked out from the finals week.

This is a document about Bake Off: The Professionals
  The fourth series was filmed at Firle Place, East Sussex The same presenters and judges returned for series 4, and again with 12 pairs of pastry chefs competing using the same format as series 3. The competition was won by Thibault Marchand and Erica Sangiorgi from Kimpton Fitzroy London Hotel, beating teams from Pennyhill Park Hotel and South Place Hotel.

This is a document about Bake Off: The Professionals
  The third series was moved to Channel 4 and retitled Bake Off: The Professionals, with Tom Allen and Liam Charles taking over as presenters. It was again filmed at Firle Place, East Sussex, and Blin and Finden returned as judges. Twelve teams, with only two pastry chefs in a team, competed in this series. The final was between three pairs: Emmanuel Bonneau and returning contestant Sam Leatherby from London Hilton on Park Lane, Darryl Collins and Bharat Chandegra from Resorts World in Birmingham and Hideko Kawa and Theo Beauchet, representing Sweet Art Lab in London. The competition was won by Emmanuel and Sam from London Hilton on Park Lane.

This is a document about List of The Great British Bake Off Star Bakers
  The Great British Bake Off is a British television baking competition to find Britain's best amateur baker. The show premiered in 2010, and as of 2020, eleven series have been completed. From series two onwards, the judges have given the award of "Star Baker" to a single baker (though on some occasions there have been multiple) who was seen to have excelled in that particular week. The award is given by judges Paul Hollywood and Mary Berry (later Prue Leith), and numerous bakers have received the accolade on more than one occasion. For example, Ruby Tandoh in series four won the title of Star Baker three times. Currently, Richard Burr has won the title the most times, winning it five of a possible nine times. Winners of the programme usually have received the award at some point, but being the overall winner is not counted as winning the accolade.

This is a document about List of bakers
 1) Edd Kimber, first winner of The Great British Bake Off ; 2) Joanne Wheatley, 2011 winner of The Great British Bake Off (series 2) ; 3) John Whaite, 2012 winner of The Great British Bake Off (series 3) ; 4) Nadiya Hussain, 2015 winner of The Great British Bake Off (series 6) ; 5) Candice Brown, 2016 winner of The Great British Bake Off (series 7)

This is a document about List of The Great British Bake Off finalists
  James Morton (born 1990/91), runner-up of the third series, was a University of Glasgow medical student at the time of the series. Since then, Morton graduated from the University with a medical degree in March 2015, qualifying him a doctor. He also established his blog containing his recipes. He is the son of Tom Morton, a broadcaster. Morton re-competed against Chetna Makan (series five), Howard Middleton (series four), and Janet Basu (series two) in the Boxing Day episode of The Great Christmas Bake Off 2016 special. Makan was crowned the episode's winner. Morton wrote cookbooks Brilliant Bread (2013), How Baking Works (2015), Brew: The Foolproof Guide to Making World-Class

This is a document about Red Nose Day 2015
 Star Baker The Bake Off returned for a four-part series on Wednesday 11 February at 8pm on BBC One. Mary Berry and Paul Hollywood returned as judges whilst Mel Giedroyc, Sue Perkins, Jo Brand and Ed Byrne each hosted one of the four episodes. The episode line up was as follows:  Jo Brand hosted a special edition of The Great British Bake Off: An Extra Slice on Friday 13 March at 10pm on BBC Two in which the four star bakers competed for the title of Ultimate Star Baker. Mary Berry crowned Victoria Wood as the winner.

This is a document about Bake Off: The Professionals
  Channel 4 to join The Great British Bake Off after the BBC declined to renew the series. The Channel 4 series has been renamed Bake Off: The Professionals, and is presented by comedian Tom Allen and former contestant on the main series, Liam Charles. The first series was won by the Squires Kitchen Cookery School team led by Mark Tilling, followed by a team of military chefs led by Liam Grime, a team from London Hilton Park Lane with Emmanuel Bonneau, Thibault Marchand and Erica Sangiorgi from Kimpton Fitzroy London Hotel, and Laurian Veaudor and Thibault Courtoisier from Cocorico Patisserie.

This is a document about 2015–16 Irish Premier League season
  Winner of Series 2 vs Winner of Series 4

This is a document about Challney High School for Girls
 Nadiya Hussain, winner of the sixth series of The Great British Bake Off

This is a document about The Great British Bake Off (series 5)
  In the fourth episode of the series, there was controversy over the events that preceded the elimination of contestant Iain Watters. During the final showstopper round contestants were tasked with producing a baked Alaska. Iain's ice cream was shown as having not set, and in a show of frustration, he threw his bake in the bin. The editing of the show suggested that another contestant, Diana Beard, had caused the failure by removing the ice cream from a freezer for her own ice cream, and the perceived "sabotage" resulted in a furore on social media networks. More than 800 complaints were lodged with the BBC, and some complained to the communication watchdog Ofcom. Some members of the cast, however, posted comments in support of

This is a document about Saturday Kitchen
  and Bryn Williams. Also joining Martin were various celebrity guests, including: Jon Culshaw, Sophie Ellis-Bextor, Micky Flanagan, Dave Gorman, Alex Jones, Denise Lewis, Al Murray, Sarah Parish, and Frank Skinner. Series 3 (2016): Matt Tebbutt and Andi Oliver replaced Martin in the presenting role. As well as appearances from Sabrina Ghayour, Theo Randall, and Vivek Singh, Tebbutt and Oliver were also joined by previous Great British Bake Off contestants, including former winners Candice Brown, Edd Kimber, Frances Quinn, and Jo Wheatley. There were celebrity appearances from Ronni Ancona, Helen George, David Haig, Aled Jones, Miles Jupp, Adil Ray, Louise Redknapp, and Nina Wadia.

This is a document about Hell's Kitchen (British TV series)
  Series 4 began on 13 April 2009. Marco Pierre White returns as Head Chef/teacher. Claudia Winkleman took over as host, replacing Angus Deayton. Nick Munier returned as Maitre d', as did Sous Chefs Matthew and Timothy. This series there was one kitchen with grey and dark red tiles. The first four sackings were Marco's responsibility, while the other four sackings were down to a public vote (the person with the lowest number of votes left Hell's Kitchen). Linda Evans won from public voting on 27 April 2009. The celebrities who took part were:

Frances Quinn won the British Baking Show (The Great British Bake Off) season 4.


Question: during the us great depression the unemployment rate peaked at

Answer: 25 %

This is a document about Unemployment in the United States
 as high as 25% during the Great Depression. More recently, it reached peaks of 10.8% in November 1982 and 10.0% in October 2009. Unemployment tends to rise during recessions and fall during expansions. From 1948 to 2015, unemployment averaged about 5.8%. There is always some unemployment, with persons changing jobs and new entrants to the labor force searching for jobs. This is referred to as frictional unemployment. For this reason, the Federal Reserve targets the natural rate of unemployment or NAIRU, which was around 5% in 2015. A rate of unemployment below this level would be consistent with rising inflation

This is a document about 1973–75 recession
 during the recession; at the time, this was a post-war record. Although the recession ended in March 1975, the unemployment rate did not peak for several months. In May 1975, the rate reached its height for the cycle of 9 percent. (Three cycles have had higher peaks than this: the late 2000s recession, where the unemployment rate peaked at 10 percent in October 2009 in the United States, the early 1980s recession where unemployment peaked at 10.8% in November and December 1982, and the Great Depression, where unemployment peaked at 25% in 1933.) The recession also lasted from 1973–75 in

This is a document about Unemployment
 the final decades. There were labor shortages during WW I. Ford Motor Co. doubled wages to reduce turnover. After 1925 unemployment began to gradually rise. The decade of the 1930s saw the Great Depression impact unemployment across the globe. One Soviet trading corporation in New York averaged 350 applications a day from Americans seeking jobs in the Soviet Union. In Germany the unemployment rate reached nearly 25% in 1932. In some towns and cities in the north east of England, unemployment reached as high as 70%; the national unemployment level peaked at more than 22% in 1932. Unemployment in Canada

This is a document about Comparisons between the Great Recession and the Great Depression
 II, and was dwarfed by the 25% unemployment rate peak of the Great Depression. However, syndicated columnist and former Assistant Secretary of the Treasury Paul Craig Roberts claimed in a 2012 column that if all discouraged workers were included in U.S. unemployment statistics, the actual unemployment rate would be 22%, comparable to rates during the Great Depression. Nobel Prize–winning economist Paul Krugman predicted a series of depressions in his "The Return of Depression Economics" (1999), based on "failures on the demand side of the economy." On January 5, 2009, he wrote that "preventing depressions isn't that easy after all" and

This is a document about Deflation
 printed during the Civil War. The fourth was in 1930–1933 when the rate of deflation was approximately 10 percent/year, part of the United States' slide into the Great Depression, where banks failed and unemployment peaked at 25%. The deflation of the Great Depression occurred partly because there was an enormous contraction of credit (money), bankruptcies creating an environment where cash was in frantic demand, and when the Federal Reserve was supposed to accommodate that demand, it instead contracted the money supply by 30% in enforcement of its new real bills doctrine, so banks toppled one-by-one (because they were unable to

This is a document about Modern social statistics of Native Americans
 on the Blackfoot Reservation in Montana has been 69%. This is in comparison to the American national unemployment rate of 6.7% , or even during the worst part of the Great Depression at 25%. According to the 2000 Census, Indians living in Indian country have incomes that are less than half of the general U.S. population. The US Census reports that the median income of households based on a three-year average from 2003-2005 was $33,627. In 1989, the median income of Native American households was $19,900. Average income varies by tribe and can range from $29,211 in the Osage tribe,

This is a document about Underemployment equilibrium
 an economy are hiring more people than they need. This is much less common than overqualification. This redundancy invalidates unemployment rates as a signal for the existence of underemployment equilibrium. When firms are overstaffed, they can not achieve their maximum profit levels, which leads to undesirable social consequences such as low GDP growth.[6] During the 1930s, Great Depression, U.S. unemployment rate reached 25% and GDP growth rate fell to −13%.[7] The U.S. economy at this period can be characterized by an underemployment equilibrium. On the one hand, many outside forces (including financial instability, hyper-inflation, lack of capital, etc.) created a

This is a document about History of banking in the United States
 which people could repay and gain full ownership of their homes. Savings and loan associations sprang up all across the United States because there was low-cost funding available through the Federal Home Loan Bank for the purposes of mortgage lending. During the 1930s, the U.S. and the rest of the world experienced a severe economic contraction that is now called the Great Depression. In the U.S. during the height of the Great Depression, the official unemployment rate was 25% and the stock market had declined 75% since 1929. Bank runs were common because there wasn't insurance on deposits at banks,

This is a document about Construction engineering
 engineers due to the automation of many engineering tasks, overall resulting in reduced prospects for construction engineers. In early 2010 the United States construction industry had a 27% unemployment rate, this is nearly three times higher than the 9.7% national average unemployment rate. The construction unemployment rate (including tradesmen) is comparable to the United States 1933 unemployment rate—the lowest point of the Great Depression—of 25%. The average salary for a civil engineer in the UK depends on the sector, and more specifically the level of experience of the individual. A 2010 survey of the remuneration and benefits of those occupying

This is a document about Comparisons between the Great Recession and the Great Depression
 stocks was not as low as in the 1930s or 1980s, inflation-adjusted U.S. housing prices in March 2009 were higher than any time since 1890 (including the housing booms of the 1970s and 1980s), the recession of the early 1930s lasted over three-and-a-half years, and during the 1930s the supply of money (currency plus demand deposits) fell by 25% (where as in 2008 and 2009 the Fed "has taken an ultraloose credit stance"). Furthermore, the unemployment rate in 2008 and early 2009 and the rate at which it rose was comparable to most of the recessions occurring after World War

This is a document about Timeline of the Great Depression
 GDP growth turns positive by summer, but overall annual rate is -1.3% growth. Unemployment peaks at 25%. 2 million are homeless. Industrial production is half of what it was in 1929. US nominal GDP bottoms out at $57 billion (down from $105 billion in 1929) February 14th: Michigan becomes the first state in the U.S. to declare an indefinite bank holiday, in an attempt to stem the impending collapse of First National Bank of Detroit and the Guardian National Bank of Commerce, the two largest banks in Detroit. First National and Guardian National were threatened with failure if the Ford

This is a document about 1998–2002 Argentine great depression
 unemployment rate, nearly 25%. Argentine agricultural products were rejected in some international markets for fear that they might have been damaged by the chaos. The US Department of Agriculture put restrictions on Argentine food and drug exports. Duhalde eventually stabilised the situation somewhat and called for elections. On 25 May 2003, Néstor Kirchner took office as the new president. Kirchner kept Duhalde's Minister of Economy, Roberto Lavagna. Lavagna, a respected economist with centrist views, showed a considerable aptitude at managing the crisis, with the help of heterodox measures. The economic outlook was completely different from that of the 1990s ds.

This is a document about Great Depression
 in the Great Depression. In the 1931 British election the Labour Party was virtually destroyed, leaving MacDonald as Prime Minister for a largely Conservative coalition. In most countries of the world, recovery from the Great Depression began in 1933. In the U.S., recovery began in early 1933, but the U.S. did not return to 1929 GNP for over a decade and still had an unemployment rate of about 15% in 1940, albeit down from the high of 25% in 1933. There is no consensus among economists regarding the motive force for the U.S. economic expansion that continued through most of

This is a document about Great Depression
 1920s, except for unemployment, which remained high at 11%, although this was considerably lower than the 25% unemployment rate seen in 1933. In the spring of 1937, American industrial production exceeded that of 1929 and remained level until June 1937. In June 1937, the Roosevelt administration cut spending and increased taxation in an attempt to balance the federal budget. The American economy then took a sharp downturn, lasting for 13 months through most of 1938. Industrial production fell almost 30 per cent within a few months and production of durable goods fell even faster. Unemployment jumped from 14.3% in 1937

This is a document about Recession of 1937–38
 Recession of 1937–38 The recession of 1937–1938 was an economic downturn that occurred during the Great Depression in the United States. By the spring of 1937, production, profits, and wages had regained their early 1929 levels. Unemployment remained high, but it was slightly lower than the 25% rate seen in 1933. The American economy took a sharp downturn in mid-1937, lasting for 13 months through most of 1938. Industrial production declined almost 30 percent, and production of durable goods fell even faster. Unemployment jumped from 14.3% in May 1937 to 19.0% in June 1938. Manufacturing output fell by 37% from

This is a document about Depression (economics)
 1933, the gross national product of the United States decreased by 33% while the rate of unemployment increased to 25% (with industrial unemployment alone rising to approximately 35% – U.S. employment was still over 25% agricultural). A long-term effect of the Great Depression was the departure of every major currency from the gold standard, although the initial impetus for this was World War II (see Bretton Woods Accord). In any case, the world economy has simply outgrown the capacity of additions to the world gold supply to accommodate the increase in world population and increased trade without periodic, painful revaluations

This is a document about History of Indiana
 nation, was affected by the Great Depression. The economic downturn had a wide-ranging negative impact on Indiana. Urbanization declined. Governor Paul V. McNutt's administration struggled to build from scratch a state-funded welfare system to help the overwhelmed private charities. During his administration, spending and taxes were cut drastically in response to the Depression. The state government was completely reorganized. McNutt also enacted the state's first income tax. On several occasions, he declared martial law to put an end to worker strikes. During the Great Depression, unemployment exceeded 25% statewide. Southern Indiana was hard hit, and unemployment topped 50% during the

This is a document about Economy of Indiana
 in the 1930s. Unemployment exceeded 25% at the depts of the Depression in early 1933, with many coal-mining southern counties seeing unemployment rates exceed 50%. The Indiana Republican Party, which previously dominated the state and gave precedent to business interests, was destroyed in the elections of 1932, and the Indiana Democrats, led by newly-elected Governor Paul V. McNutt, swept to power and radically transformed the state, implementing public works projects and completely overhauling the state government. Trade unions gained new strength during the 1935 - 1945 period, and peaked at 41% in 1964. Unions would be a potent political force

This is a document about 1973–1975 recession
  1980, inflation remained extremely high until the early 1980s. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that 2.3 million jobs were lost during the recession; at the time, this was a post-war record. Although the recession ended in March 1975, the unemployment rate did not peak for several months. In May 1975, the rate reached its height for the cycle of 9 percent. (Four cycles have had higher peaks than this: the late 2000s recession, where the unemployment rate peaked at 10 percent in October 2009 in the United States; the early 1980s recession where unemployment peaked at 10.8% in November and December 1982; the Great Depression, where unemployment peaked at 25% in 1933; and the COVID-19 recession where unemployment peaked at 14.7% in 2020.)

The unemployment rate peaked at 24.9% during the US Great Depression.


Question: when was mogul skiing added to the olympics

Answer: 1992

This is a document about Freestyle skiing at the Winter Olympics
 Freestyle skiing at the Winter Olympics Freestyle skiing has been contested at the Winter Olympic Games since the 1992 Winter Games in Albertville, France. Freestyle skiing was a demonstration sport at the 1988 Winter Olympics, with moguls, aerials, and ballet events. Moguls became an official medal sport at the 1992 games, while aerials and ballet were still demonstration events. At the 1994 games, aerials also became an official medal event and the ski ballet competition was dropped. For the 2010 Winter Olympics, ski cross was added to the program while for the 2014 Winter Olympics half-pipe and slopestyle were added.

This is a document about Freestyle skiing
 sport in 1979 and brought in new regulations regarding certification of athletes and jump techniques in an effort to curb the dangerous elements of the competitions. The first FIS Freestyle Skiing World Cup was staged in 1980 and the first FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships took place in 1986 in Tignes, France. Freestyle skiing was a demonstration event at the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary. Mogul skiing was added as an official medal event at the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville, and the aerials event was added for the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer. In 2011, the International Olympic Committee

This is a document about Peter Johnson (skier)
 oversee all World Cup Freestyle competition in Canada. The early days of FIS Freestyle Skiing set the stage for the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to select Freestyle Skiing as a demonstration event at the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary. Mogul skiing was added as an official medal event at the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville, and the aerials event was added for the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer. In 1981 he organized a team of young Americans to ski the three highest mountains in Mexico including El Pico de Orizaba (a volcano at 18,700 ft, the third highest summit in

This is a document about Mogul skiing
 since 1992. Mogul courses are between 200 and 270 metres with an average slope grade of 26 degrees. The moguls themselves are set approximately 3.5 metres apart. The course includes two small jumps which are used as a take-off for aerial maneuvers. Athletes can perform upright or inverted tricks off these jumps in the course of a competition run. Dual Mogul competition consists of elimination rounds where pairs of competitors compete against each other. Each loser is eliminated and each winner advances to the next round until a final result is achieved. Scoring: Mogul skiing Mogul skiing is a freestyle

This is a document about Donna Weinbrecht
 cost of coaching. She ended up skiing with her family at Hidden Valley in Vernon Township, New Jersey. Donna Weinbrecht Donna L. Weinbrecht (born April 23, 1965) won the first gold medal awarded in the first Olympic mogul competitions in freestyle skiing, which were held at the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville, France. Weinbrecht grew up in West Milford, New Jersey. She was also World Champion in 1991 and a five-time World Cup moguls season champion (1990–92, 1994, and 1996). She was born in Hoboken, New Jersey, and attended West Milford High School, where she formed the school's first ski

This is a document about Olympic results index
 1936 Winter Olympics|1936]] [[Freestyle skiing at the 1948 Winter Olympics|1948]] [[Freestyle skiing at the 1952 Winter Olympics|1952]] [[Freestyle skiing at the 1956 Winter Olympics|1956]] [[Freestyle skiing at the 1960 Winter Olympics|1960]] [[Freestyle skiing at the 1964 Winter Olympics|1964]] [[Freestyle skiing at the 1968 Winter Olympics|1968]] [[Freestyle skiing at the 1972 Winter Olympics|1972]] [[Freestyle skiing at the 1976 Winter Olympics|1976]] [[Freestyle skiing at the 1980 Winter Olympics|1980]] [[Freestyle skiing at the 1984 Winter Olympics|1984]] [[Freestyle skiing at the 1988 Winter Olympics|1988]] [[Freestyle skiing at the 1992 Winter Olympics|1992]] [[Freestyle skiing at the 1994 Winter Olympics|1994]] [[Freestyle skiing at the 1998 Winter

This is a document about Olympic results index
 [[Alpine skiing at the 1972 Winter Olympics|1972]] [[Alpine skiing at the 1976 Winter Olympics|1976]] [[Alpine skiing at the 1980 Winter Olympics|1980]] [[Alpine skiing at the 1984 Winter Olympics|1984]] [[Alpine skiing at the 1988 Winter Olympics|1988]] [[Alpine skiing at the 1992 Winter Olympics|1992]] [[Alpine skiing at the 1994 Winter Olympics|1994]] [[Alpine skiing at the 1998 Winter Olympics|1998]] [[Alpine skiing at the 2002 Winter Olympics|2002]] [[Alpine skiing at the 2006 Winter Olympics|2006]] [[Alpine skiing at the 2010 Winter Olympics|2010]] [[Alpine skiing at the 2014 Winter Olympics|2014]] [[Alpine skiing at the 2018 Winter Olympics|2018]] [[Alpine skiing at the 2022 Winter Olympics|2022]] [[Bandy at

This is a document about Donna Weinbrecht
 Donna Weinbrecht Donna L. Weinbrecht (born April 23, 1965) won the first gold medal awarded in the first Olympic mogul competitions in freestyle skiing, which were held at the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville, France. Weinbrecht grew up in West Milford, New Jersey. She was also World Champion in 1991 and a five-time World Cup moguls season champion (1990–92, 1994, and 1996). She was born in Hoboken, New Jersey, and attended West Milford High School, where she formed the school's first ski team. Weinbrecht's first sport was figure skating. While she was a competent skater, her family couldn't afford the

This is a document about Olympic results index
 [[Cross-country skiing at the 1992 Winter Olympics|1992]] [[Cross-country skiing at the 1994 Winter Olympics|1994]] [[Cross-country skiing at the 1998 Winter Olympics|1998]] [[Cross-country skiing at the 2002 Winter Olympics|2002]] [[Cross-country skiing at the 2006 Winter Olympics|2006]] [[Cross-country skiing at the 2010 Winter Olympics|2010]] [[Cross-country skiing at the 2014 Winter Olympics|2014]] [[Cross-country skiing at the 2018 Winter Olympics|2018]] [[Cross-country skiing at the 2022 Winter Olympics|2022]] [[Curling at the 1924 Winter Olympics|1924]] [[Curling at the 1928 Winter Olympics|1928]] [[Curling at the 1932 Winter Olympics|1932]] [[Curling at the 1936 Winter Olympics|1936]] [[Curling at the 1948 Winter Olympics|1948]] [[Curling at the 1952 Winter Olympics|1952]] [[Curling

This is a document about Cross-country skiing at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Men's 50 kilometre freestyle
 Cross-country skiing at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Men's 50 kilometre freestyle The men's 50 kilometre freestyle cross-country skiing competition at the 2014 Sochi Olympics took place on 23 February at Laura Biathlon & Ski Complex. Initially, the podium was taken by Alexander Legkov (gold), Maxim Vylegzhanin (silver), and Ilia Chernousov (bronze), all represented Russia. This was the first clean sweep in men's cross-country skiing since 1992, when all medals were won by Norwegians and the first ever for Russia/Soviet Union. For all medalists, this was the first individual Olympic medal. In November 2017, Legkov and Vylegzhanin were disqualified for

This is a document about Skiing in New Zealand
 which provide heliskiing and snowcat skiing for adventure-seekers. New Zealand has competed at most Winter Olympics since 1952, when Sir Roy McKenzie led a team. In 1992 Annelise Coberger became the first person from the Southern Hemisphere to win a medal at the Winter Olympics when she won silver in the slalom at Albertville in France. Other forms of skiing that New Zealand is known for include heli-skiing and kite-skiing. Snow-kiting, while a relative new sport, has an avid following in New Zealand, with a festival in Wanaka held annually. Aoraki / Mount Cook is the highest mountain in New

This is a document about Freestyle skiing at the Winter Olympics
 Alexandre Bilodeau became the first freestyle skiing gold medalist to defend his Olympic title, and first repeat gold medalist, winning the men's moguls at the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics, having previously won the same event at the 2010 Vancouver Winter Olympics. • = "official event", (d) = "demonstration event" "Updated after the last freestyle event of the 2018 Winter Olympics." Freestyle skiing at the Winter Olympics Freestyle skiing has been contested at the Winter Olympic Games since the 1992 Winter Games in Albertville, France. Freestyle skiing was a demonstration sport at the 1988 Winter Olympics, with moguls, aerials, and ballet

This is a document about Freestyle skiing
  as a sport in 1979 and brought in new regulations regarding certification of athletes and jump techniques in an effort to curb the dangerous elements of the competitions. The first FIS Freestyle Skiing World Cup was staged in 1980 and the first FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships took place in 1986 in Tignes, France. Freestyle skiing was a demonstration event at the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary. Mogul skiing was added as an official medal event at the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville, and the aerials event was added for the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer. In 2011, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) approved both halfpipe and slopestyle freeskiing events to be added to the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia.

This is a document about Peter Johnson (skier)
  inspiration for the jacket from Columbia Sportswear Company. When The International Ski Federation (FIS) recognized freestyle as a sport in 1979, he became one of the first United States Technical Delegates and Chairman of a three-man international jury (Technical Delegate, Chief of Course and Chief Judge) to oversee all World Cup Freestyle competition in Canada. The early days of FIS Freestyle Skiing set the stage for the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to select Freestyle Skiing as a demonstration event at the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary. Mogul skiing was added as an official medal event at the 1992 Winter

This is a document about Freestyle skiing
  Moguls are a series of bumps on a trail formed when skiers push the snow into mounds or piles as they execute short-radius turns. Moguls can also be formed deliberately, by piling mounds of snow. In competitions, athletes are judged on their technique as well as on their speed by mastering the bumps in a calm yet aggressive way. Usually there are two jumps. In the early days the location was chosen by the competitors. Since the mid 1980s those jumps have become part of the official slope. While at the beginning only upright jumps were allowed, from the mid 1990s onward flips were added as an option. Moguls has become part of the Olympics since 1992. Canadian athlete Alexandre Bilodeau has won the Gold Medal twice: 2010 and 2014.

This is a document about List of Olympic medalists in freestyle skiing
   Freestyle skiing is one of the six skiing disciplines contested at the Winter Olympic Games, and one of the youngest. In 1924, the first Winter Olympics featured Nordic skiing disciplines (cross-country skiing, ski jumping, and Nordic combined), while alpine skiing was first contested in 1936. Only at the 1992 Winter Olympics, in Albertville, France, were freestyle skiing events first held as official medal events. Before that, freestyle skiing was contested at the 1988 Winter Olympics as a demonstration sport, consisting of events for both men and women in three variants: moguls, aerials and ski ballet. In Albertville, moguls was the first-ever official freestyle skiing medal event; aerials and ski ballet were also held but still as demonstration events. The growing popularity of aerials convinced the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to add

This is a document about Giant slalom
  The first giant slalom was set in 1935 on the Mottarone in Italy, over the Lake Maggiore, near Stresa, on January 20. After one month, the second giant slalom was set on the Marmolada in Italy's Dolomite mountains, by Guenther Langes. The giant slalom was added to the world championships in 1950 at Aspen, Colorado, and debuted at the Winter Olympics in 1952 at Oslo, Norway, run at Norefjell. The GS has been run in every world championships and Olympics since. Originally a one-run event, a second run was added for men at the world championships in 1966, run on consecutive days, and at the Olympics in 1968. The second run for women was added at the world championships in 1978, and made its Olympic debut in 1980. The world championships changed to a one-day format for the giant slalom in 1974, but the Olympics continued the

This is a document about Alpine skiing at the Winter Olympics
  Alpine skiing has been contested at every Winter Olympics since 1936, when a combined event was held in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany. From 1948 through 1980, the Winter Olympics also served as the World Championships in Olympic years, with separate competitions held in even-numbered non-Olympic years. During this period, the Olympic medalists received an additional medal of the same metal from the International Ski Federation (FIS). The giant slalom was introduced at the 1950 World Championships and at the Olympics in 1952; both programs dropped the combined event, but it returned in 1954 at the World Championships as a "paper" race, using the results of the slalom, giant slalom, and downhill. At the Olympics from 1956 through 1980, World Championship medals were awarded by the FIS in the combined event. It returned as a stand-alone event (one run of downhill, two

This is a document about Skiing
  – Dating from 1898, with official records beginning in 1932 with an 89 mi/h run by Leo Gasperi, this became an FIS discipline in the 1960s. It is contested at the FIS Speed Ski World Cup, and was demonstrated at the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville. ; Freestyle skiing – Includes mogul skiing, aerials, ski cross, half-pipe, and slopestyle. The main freestyle competitions are the FIS Freestyle Skiing World Cup and the FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships (held in odd-numbered years). The discipline was first demonstrated at the 1988 Winter Olympics and was added to the Olympic programme in 1992. It became an Olympic sport in the 2014 Sochi Olympic games when

Mogul skiing was added to the Olympics as a demonstration event in 1992 and became an official medal event at the 1994 Winter Olympics.