Question: who landed the first quad jump in figure skating

Answer: Kurt Browning

This is a document about Quad (figure skating)
 ratified quadruple jump in competition was Canadian Kurt Browning in 1988. In 2002, Miki Ando became the first woman to do so, and she remains one of only two women to have landed a ratified quadruple jump in competition. In singles competition for men: In singles competition for women: In pair skating competition: A jump harness is often employed in training quads. Max Aaron stated that the smallest error may make the difference in the success of a quad attempt: "The minute your left arm is behind you, or your three-turn is too fast, if your hips don't turn in

This is a document about Figure skating jumps
 (four and a half for the Axel, although this has never been done in competition) is a "quadruple" or "quad" jump. The first triple jump landed in competition was a loop jump. It was landed by Dick Button in 1952. The first quadruple jump landed in competition was a toe loop jump. It was landed by Kurt Browning in 1988. Currently, men in world-class competition usually attempt a full set of triples and sometimes one or two quadruple jumps in their free skating programs. Triple Axels are rare for ladies, and quadruple jump attempts even more so. By 1991, jumps

This is a document about Quadruple jump controversy
 its role at major figure skating competitions, including the Winter Olympics. The jump had become so common in men's figure skating since Kurt Browning first landed it in 1988 that it came to be viewed as a deciding element in a winning program and the lack of it almost a handicap. Since the 1994 Olympics in Lillehammer, Norway, where Alexei Urmanov won gold without one, the quad, if landed in a competition (absent major weaknesses), made a difference between the first and lower placements. In a "Sports Illustrated" article dated January 19, 1998, E.M. Swift wrote that "no Olympic gold

This is a document about Figure skating
 the 1980s, some skaters began practising quadruple jumps. Jozef Sabovcik of Czechoslovakia landed a quad toe loop at the 1986 European Championships which was recognized at the event but then ruled invalid three weeks later due to a touchdown with his free foot. At the 1988 World Championships, Kurt Browning of Canada landed the first quad toe loop which has remained ratified. Although it was expected that quads would soon become an important part of men's skating, it was a number of years before this happened. Japan's Midori Ito landed the first triple axel by a woman. Worth only 20%

This is a document about Toe loop jump
 invalid three weeks later due to a touchdown with his free foot. At the 1988 World Championships, Kurt Browning of Canada landed the first quad toe loop which has remained ratified. Today, many elite-level male skaters perform quadruple toe loops as a regular part of their repertoire, but so far no senior female skater has been credited with landing one successfully in competition. French skater Surya Bonaly made numerous attempts to land a quadruple toe loop in her career, but the judges deemed her attempts over-rotated triple jumps instead. In 2018 at the World Junior Figure Skating Championships, Russian skater

This is a document about 1991 World Figure Skating Championships
 the boards and into a camera but was back on the ice after three seconds. Tonya Harding became the first American woman to perform a triple-axel at an international event. The judges voted two couples (from Czechoslovakia and Poland) exactly the same (each 12 placings in compulsory dance 2). 1991 World Figure Skating Championships The 1991 World Figure Skating Championships were held in Munich on March. Medals were awarded in men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. Kurt Browning won his third world championship in a row. Elvis Stojko (CAN) lands the first quad in combination, the first

This is a document about 1991 World Figure Skating Championships
 1991 World Figure Skating Championships The 1991 World Figure Skating Championships were held in Munich on March. Medals were awarded in men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. Kurt Browning won his third world championship in a row. Elvis Stojko (CAN) lands the first quad in combination, the first quadruple toe loop-double toe loop combination, at the World Championships. The U.S. became the only nation to ever sweep the ladies' podium at a World Championships. Midori Ito and Laetitia Hubert collided with each other during a practice session. In the short program, Ito stumbled over an opening in

This is a document about Figure skating records and statistics
 History of first jumps ; Quad (figure skating)

This is a document about Quad (figure skating)
  on his 4Lz, landing it for the second time in one competition. ; Boyang Jin (CHN) at the 2015-16 Grand Prix Final lands six quad jumps in two programs: 4Lz-3T combination and 4T in a short program, and 4Lz, 4S, 4T-2T, 4T in a free skate, although he steps out on the quad Salchow. ; 2016 ; Nathan Chen (USA) at the 2016 U.S. Figure Skating Championships becomes the first American to have landed two quads (4T and 4S) in his short program, four quads (4T-2T, 4S-2T-2Lo, 4T and 4S) in the free skate, and also six quads in two programs.

This is a document about 1988 World Figure Skating Championships
  Kurt Browning of Canada landed the first ratified quadruple jump (a toe loop) in his free skating. Jozef Sabovcik of Czechoslovakia had landed a quad toe loop at the 1986 European Championships which was recognized at the event but then ruled invalid three weeks later due to a touchdown with his free foot.

This is a document about Quad (figure skating)
  A quad, or quadruple, is a figure skating jump with at least four (but fewer than five) revolutions. All quadruple jumps have four revolutions, except for the quadruple Axel, which has four and a half revolutions. No figure skater to date has landed the quadruple Axel in competition. The quadruple toe loop and quadruple Salchow are the two most commonly performed quads. Quadruple jumps have become increasingly common among World and Olympic level men's single skaters, to the point that not performing a quad in a program has come to be seen as a severe handicap. This phenomenon is often referred to as the "quad revolution". Since 2018, quadruple jumps have also become an increasingly common feature of women's skating, although they are not allowed under the ISU rules in the ladies' short program. The first person to land a ratified quadruple jump in competition was Canadian Kurt Browning in 1988. Miki Ando became the first female to do so, in 2002, and is now one of six women to have landed a ratified quadruple jump in international competition.

This is a document about Quad (figure skating)
  U.S. Nationals. ; Elvis Stojko (CAN) lands the first quad-triple combination (the first quad toe-triple toe) at the Champions Series Final. Three different skaters each land a quad jump at this competition: Elvis Stojko, Ilia Kulik (RUS), and Alexei Urmanov (RUS). ; Guo Zhengxin (CHN) is the first to land two quads in a single performance at the World Championships: a quad toe, plus a quad toe-double toe combination, thus also making him the first to land a single quad and a quad in combination together in one performance. ; Elvis Stojko repeats his quad toe-triple toe at the World Championships.

This is a document about Quad (figure skating)
  the Olympics. ; Vincent Zhou (USA) becomes the first skater to land a quad Lutz at the Olympics. ; Nathan Chen (USA) was the first to land six quads in a free skate (five of them cleanly), also at the 2018 Winter Olympics. ; Vincent Zhou (USA) successfully lands a quad flip in competition at the World Championships. ; Stephen Gogolev (CAN) becomes the youngest person to land quad Lutz, quad Salchow and quad toe in international competition, at the age of 13, landing three quad jumps in his free skate at the 2018 Junior Grand Prix Slovakia. ; Dmitri

This is a document about 1999 Skate America
  Timothy Goebel made history by becoming the first person to land three quadruple jumps in one program. In the men's free skating, he landed a quad salchow, a quad toe loop in combination, and a quad toe loop as a solo jump.

This is a document about Quad (figure skating)
  (USA) becomes the first American to land a quadruple jump (a quad Salchow in combination with a double toe loop) in competition at the Junior Champions Series Final. In so doing he also lands the first quadruple Salchow and the first quad Salchow in combination (as well as the first quad combination by an American). The jump is ratified by the ISU a month later. ; Ilia Kulik (RUS) becomes the first Olympic champion to land a quad in a winning program. ; The ISU votes to permit solo quadruple jumps in the men's short program at their biennial congress in

This is a document about Quad (figure skating)
  but falls and loses his title to Brian Orser (CAN). ; 1988 ; Kurt Browning (CAN) lands the first ratified quadruple jump, a toe loop, at the World Championships (with three turns on the landing).  Browning said: "I remember that there were a few people landing the jump (in practice) long before I did, and by watching them I was inspired to try it myself. After landing it, I certainly expected more skaters to start doing it in competition. I was surprised in the next few years when that really did not happen." ; Brian Boitano (USA) attempts a quad toe

This is a document about Quadruple jump controversy
  Though the argument over the quad has attracted attention mostly following the men's figure skating competition at the Vancouver Olympic Games of 2010, the controversy itself is rooted in the quad's history, and its role at major figure skating competitions, including the Winter Olympics. The jump had become so common in men's figure skating since Kurt Browning first landed it in 1988 that it came to be viewed as a deciding element in a winning program and the lack of it almost a handicap. Since the 1994 Olympics in Lillehammer, Norway, where Alexei Urmanov won gold without one, the quad, if landed in a competition (absent major weaknesses), made a difference between the first and

This is a document about Quad (figure skating)
  (Lutz, flip, toeloop, Salchow), 2) five quads in total in a free skating program, and 3) seven quads in total in both his short program and free skating. ; Shoma Uno (JPN) successfully lands a quad loop in his free skate at the 2017 Four Continents Championships. He also lands a quad flip and two quad toe loops in the same programs. ; Yuzuru Hanyu (JPN) becomes the first competitor to land three quads in the second half of a free skating program. ; Nathan Chen (USA) becomes the first figure skater to have landed five different types of quads

This is a document about Quad (figure skating)
  Boyang Jin (CHN) at his debut Four Continents Championships in Taipei lands six clean quad jumps in two programs: 4Lz-3T combination and 4T in a short program, and 4Lz, 4S, 4T-2T, 4T in a free skate. ; Shoma Uno (JPN) becomes the first skater to successfully land a quadruple flip in the competition at the 2016 Team Challenge Cup. ; Alexei Krasnozhon (USA) at a JGP in Slovenia lands a quad loop but steps out on the landing; the jump is counted as fully rotated. ; Yuzuru Hanyu (JPN) becomes the first skater to successfully land a quad loop in competition

Kurt Browning landed the first quad jump in figure skating in competition, specifically a quad toe loop, in 1988.


Question: when does season 2 of the gates come out

Answer: cancelled after its first season

This is a document about The Gates (TV series)
 The Gates (TV series) The Gates was an American supernatural crime drama television series that aired on the ABC network from June 20, 2010 to September 19, 2010. The show was cancelled after its first season due to low ratings. Nick Monahan and his family move from Chicago to a serene, upscale community called The Gates, where he has a job as the new chief of police. They soon realise that the community is unlike any other, consisting of mysterious neighbours who are not what they appear to be. In January 2009, "The Gates" was among numerous pilot scripts being

This is a document about Rahasya Romancha
  Season 2 of the series was released on 13 March 2020.

This is a document about A Black Lady Sketch Show
  The series premiered on August 2, 2019. The second season premiered on April 23, 2021 on HBO and HBO Max.

This is a document about Hilda (graphic novel series)
  The TV production and licensing company Silvergate Media launched an animated series based on the graphic novels exclusively on Netflix on 21 September 2018 to widespread acclaim. The series' second season was released on 14 December 2020.

This is a document about Westworld (season 2)
  The second season of the American science fiction western television series Westworld (subtitled The Door) premiered on HBO on April 22, 2018, and concluded on June 24, 2018, consisting of ten episodes. The television series was created by Jonathan Nolan and Lisa Joy, and it is based on the 1973 film of the same name, written and directed by Michael Crichton. The second season stars an ensemble cast led by Evan Rachel Wood, Thandiwe Newton, Jeffrey Wright, James Marsden, Tessa Thompson, and Ed Harris. The second season has received positive reviews from critics, with particular praise for the performances. However, it received criticism for its plot, which was said to be confusing.

This is a document about Raising Dion
  On September 18, 2019, the official trailer for the series was released. The second season is scheduled to be released on February 1, 2022.

This is a document about Gate (novel series)
  A sequel novel series, Gate Season 2: Jieitai Kano Umi nite, Kaku Tatakaeri (ゲートSeason2 自衛隊 彼の海にて、斯く戦えり), centers on a new set of characters from the Maritime Self-Defense Force. In season two, the JMSDF's Goro Etajima and his subordinate Koji Tokushima's travel around designated countries with research and exploration duties. With the reopening of the gate, the Japanese government continues to maintain control of the "gate" monopoly in the international community. This requires the government to focus on both domestic politics as well as terrain investigations in the new world as modest relationships are formed with local residents. Daisuke Izuka returns as the illustrator for the novels. Five volumes have been published with the first volume released in August 8, 2017, and the fifth volume released in November 30, 2020.

This is a document about Twenties (TV series)
  The series premiered on March 4, 2020. The second season premiered on October 13, 2021.

This is a document about Inside the World's Toughest Prisons
  Season 2, produced by Netflix with host Raphael Rowe, was released on July 6, 2018 on Netflix.

This is a document about Get Shorty (TV series)
  On May 25, 2017, a trailer for the first season was released. On July 20, 2018, a trailer for the second season was released.

This is a document about American Gods (season 2)
  Production began on the second season in April 2018, and with the season premiering on March 10, 2019.

This is a document about Sugar and Toys
  In April 2020, the series was renewed for a second season of six episodes. It premiered on September 20, 2020.

This is a document about New Amsterdam (2018 TV series)
  New Amsterdam premiered on NBC on September 25, 2018 at 10 p.m. The second season premiered on September 24, 2019. The second season's eighteenth episode, "Our Doors Are Always Open" (originally titled "Pandemic"), that was scheduled to air on April 7, 2020, was shelved by NBC, as its subject matter (dealing with a flu pandemic in New York City) was considered sensitive due to the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic in New York state. Schulner felt that "the world needs a lot less fiction right now, and a lot more facts". The final episode completed before the suspension of production would be designated as the season finale, and aired on April 14. The third season premiered on March 2, 2021.

This is a document about Filly Funtasia
  The second season of the series was released on December 25, 2020. The worldwide premiere for the season was on iQiyi, and unlike the previous season, all episodes were released on the same day.

This is a document about List of Rusty Rivets episodes
  The second season premiered on January 9, 2018 in the United States.

This is a document about Selena + Chef
  The series premiered on August 13, 2020 on HBO Max. The second season premiered on November 19, 2020 and continued with more episodes on January 21, 2021. The third season was released on October 28, 2021.

This is a document about Titans (season 2)
  The second season of the American superhero streaming television series Titans premiered on DC Universe on September 6, 2019, and concluded on November 29, 2019, consisting of 13 episodes. It was executive produced by Akiva Goldsman, Geoff Johns, Greg Berlanti, Sarah Schechter, and Greg Walker, with Walker serving as showrunner for the second consecutive season. Created by Goldsman, Johns, and Berlanti, the series is based on the DC Comics team Teen Titans. Brenton Thwaites, Anna Diop, Teagan Croft, and Ryan Potter return to the main cast from the previous season, joined by season 1 guest stars Curran Walters, Conor Leslie, Minka Kelly, and Alan Ritchson and series newcomers Chelsea Zhang, Joshua Orpin, and Esai Morales. The season also introduces Damaris

This is a document about Emily in Paris
  The series' first season was released by Netflix on October 2, 2020. The second season is scheduled to premiere on December 22, 2021.

This is a document about Black Summer (season 2)
  On November 20, 2019, Netflix renewed the series for an 8 episode second season. Netflix announced on September 28, 2020 that production of season 2 was underway following a months-long shutdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

This is a document about Hailey Gates
  Gates hosted Viceland's States of Undress. The investigative docu-series focuses on the political and social circumstances surrounding fashion weeks around the world. The show's second season premiered on June 6, 2017. Gates had a small role as "drugged-out mother" in David Lynch's 2017 reboot of Twin Peaks on Showtime.

The second season of "The Gates" aired on ABC from June 20, 2010 to September 19, 2010. However, the question asks for the release date of the second season, not the airdates. Unfortunately, the text provided does not mention the release date for the second season of "The Gates" on DVD or Blu-ray.


Question: when did the drought began in the great plains

Answer: 1934

This is a document about Dust Bowl
 Dust Bowl The Dust Bowl was a period of severe dust storms that greatly damaged the ecology and agriculture of the American and Canadian prairies during the 1930s; severe drought and a failure to apply dryland farming methods to prevent the aeolian processes (wind erosion) caused the phenomenon. The drought came in three waves, 1934, 1936, and 1939–1940, but some regions of the high plains experienced drought conditions for as many as eight years. With insufficient understanding of the ecology of the plains, farmers had conducted extensive deep plowing of the virgin topsoil of the Great Plains during the previous

This is a document about Great Plains Shelterbelt
 Great Plains Shelterbelt The Great Plains Shelterbelt was a project to create windbreaks in the Great Plains states of the United States, that began in 1934. President Franklin D. Roosevelt initiated the project in response to the severe dust storms of the Dust Bowl, which resulted in significant soil erosion and drought. The United States Forest Service believed that planting trees on the perimeters of farms would reduce wind velocity and lessen evaporation of moisture from the soil. By 1942, 220 million trees had been planted, stretching out in a 100-mile-wide zone from Canada to the Brazos River. Even ,

This is a document about Drought Relief Service
 Drought Relief Service The Drought Relief Service (DRS) was a federal agency of the U.S. New Deal formed in 1935 to coordinate relief activities in response to the Dust Bowl. It purchased cattle at risk of starvation due to drought. "Four extensive droughts developed in the Great Plains area between 1930 and 1940, causing widespread dust storms, agricultural failure, poverty, unemployment and devastation to the nation's economy." The drought in 1934 was described as "the worst ever in U.S. history, covering more than 75 percent of the country and affecting 27 states severely." The DRS bought cattle in counties which

This is a document about Great Plains Shelterbelt
 In 2010, federal grants were made available for shelterbelt maintenance and restoration in Kansas, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Nebraska as part of the Central Great Plains Shelterbelt Renovation and the Central Great Plains Forested Riparian Buffer CCPI proposals. Funding for the CCPI (Cooperative Conservation Partnership Initiative) is provided as a project of the Department of Agriculture's Natural Resources Conservation Service. Great Plains Shelterbelt The Great Plains Shelterbelt was a project to create windbreaks in the Great Plains states of the United States, that began in 1934. President Franklin D. Roosevelt initiated the project in response to the severe dust

This is a document about Droughts in the United States
  There were at least three major droughts in 19th-century North America: one from the mid-1850s to the mid-1860s, one in the 1870s, and one in the 1890s. There was also a drought around 1820; the periods from 1816 to 1844 and from 1849 to 1880 were rather dry, and the 19th century overall was a dry century for the Great Plains. While there was little rain-gauge data from the mid-19th century in the middle of the US, there were plenty of trees, and tree-ring data showed evidence of a major drought from around 1856 to around 1865. Native Americans were hard hit, as the bison they depended upon on the Plains moved to river valleys

This is a document about Dust Bowl
  After fairly favorable climatic conditions in the 1920s with good rainfall and relatively moderate winters, which permitted increased settlement and cultivation in the Great Plains, the region entered an unusually dry era in the summer of 1930. During the next decade, the northern plains suffered four of their seven driest calendar years since 1895, Kansas four of its twelve driest, and the entire region south to West Texas lacked any period of above-normal rainfall until record rains hit in 1941. When severe drought struck the Great Plains region in the 1930s, it resulted in erosion and loss of topsoil because of farming practices

This is a document about 1950s Texas drought
   The drought began gradually, and some sources claim it began as early as 1947, starting with a decrease in rainfall in Central Texas. By the summer of 1951, the entire state was in drought. Texas ranchers attempted to evade the effects of the drought by moving their cattle north to Kansas, but the drought spread to Kansas and Oklahoma by 1953. At that point, 75% of Texas recorded below-normal rainfall amounts, and over half the state was more than 30 inches below normal rainfall. By 1954, the drought had affected a 10-state area reaching from the Midwest to the Great Plains, and southward into New Mexico and the Deep South, where Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia and South Carolina all experienced their driest calendar year since reliable records began. By the end of the decade, half of the farming industry in Texas was gone.

This is a document about Drought Relief Service
  "Four extensive droughts developed in the Great Plains area between 1930 and 1940, causing widespread dust storms, agricultural failure, poverty, unemployment and devastation to the nation's economy." The drought in 1934 was described as "the worst ever in U.S. history, covering more than 75 percent of the country and affecting 27 states severely." The DRS bought cattle in counties which were designated emergency areas, where cattle were in danger of starvation due to drought. The prices paid ranged from $14 to $20 a head. Animals unfit for human consumption – more than 50 percent at the beginning of the program – were killed. The remaining cattle were given to

This is a document about Droughts in the United States
  The earliest and longest drought discussed in the literature is the "Altithermal Long Drought", which some scholars now believe was in reality two severe shorter droughts (ca. 7000-6500 BP and 6000-5500 BP), separated by an interval. Other early notable droughts in North America include the Fairbank Drought of 500 BC and the Whitewater Drought of 330 C.E. There were megadroughts in what is now the central and western United States, between 900 and 1300. A megadrought struck what is now the American Southwest 1276–1299 C.E., which severely affected the Pueblo cities, and tree rings also document drought in the lower and central Mississippi River basin

This is a document about Droughts in the United States
  Drought began in the Southwestern United States in 1944 and continued through the entire rest of the decade; one of the longest recorded droughts observed there. This drought continued into the 1950s.

This is a document about 1983 United States drought
  The United States Drought of 1983 started in late spring. It involved numerous states in the Midwest and the Great Plains. In many states, from June to September, incredibly intense heat happened in which temperatures were over 100 F or higher in multiple areas.

This is a document about Droughts in the United States
  Other severe drought years in the United States happened through the 1950s. These droughts continued from the 1940s drought in the Southwestern United States, New Mexico and Texas during 1950 and 1951; the drought was widespread through the Central Plains, Midwest and certain Rocky Mountain States, particularly between the years 1953 and 1957, and by 1956 parts of central Nebraska reached a drought index of −7, three points below the extreme drought index. From 1950 to 1957, Texas experienced the most severe drought in recorded history. By the time the drought ended, 244 of Texas's 254 counties had been declared federal disaster areas. Drought became particularly severe in California, with some natural lakes drying up completely in 1953. Southern California was hit hard by drought in 1958–1959, badly straining water resources. A widespread, 1930s-style dust storm affected the Plains and beyond on 19 February 1954 driven by winds of up to 100 mph/161 km/h, drifting soil to 3 feet/a metre deep in some areas.

This is a document about Droughts in the United States
  rain gauge, data. The 1890s drought, between 1890 and 1896, was the first to be widely and adequately recorded by rain gauges, with much of the American West having been settled. Railroads promised land to people willing to settle it, and the period between 1877 and 1890 was wetter than usual, leading to unrealistic expectations of land productivity. The amount of land required to support a family in more arid regions was already larger than the amount that could realistically be irrigated by a family, but this fact was made more obvious by the drought, leading to emigration from recently settled lands. The Federal government started to assist with irrigation with the 1902 Reclamation Act.

This is a document about Droughts in the United States
  declared many cities. The Yellowstone National Park fell victim to wildfires that burned many trees and created exceptional destruction in the area. This drought was very catastrophic for multiple reasons; it continued across the Upper Midwest States and North Plains States during 1989, not officially ending until 1990. The conditions continued into 1989 and 1990, although the drought had ended in some states thanks to normal rainfalls returning to some portions of the United States. Dry conditions, however, increased again during 1989, affecting Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, eastern Nebraska, Kansas and certain portions of Colorado. The drought also affected Canada in certain divisions. The

This is a document about Dust Bowl
  cattle ranching, the adverse effect of harsh winters on the cattle, beginning in 1886, a short drought in 1890, and general overgrazing, led many landowners to increase the amount of land under cultivation. Recognizing the challenge of cultivating marginal arid land, the United States government expanded on the 160 acre offered under the Homestead Act – granting 640 acre to homesteaders in western Nebraska under the Kinkaid Act (1904) and 320 acres elsewhere in the Great Plains under the Enlarged Homestead Act of 1909. Waves of European settlers arrived in the plains at the beginning of the 20th century. A

This is a document about 1988–1989 North American drought
  The 1988–1989 North American drought ranks among the worst episodes of drought in the United States. This multi-year drought began in most areas in 1988 and continued into 1989 and 1990 (in certain areas). The drought caused $60 billion in damage ($ USD) in United States dollars, adjusting for inflation). The drought occasioned some of the worst blowing-dust events since 1977 or the 1930s in many locations in the Midwestern United States, including a protracted dust storm, which closed schools in South Dakota in late February 1988. During the spring, several weather stations set records for the lowest monthly total precipitation and the longest interval between measurable precipitation, for example, 55 days in a row without

This is a document about Dust Bowl
  the time. The drought dried the topsoil and over time it became friable, reduced to a powdery consistency in some places. Without the indigenous grasses in place, the high winds that occur on the plains picked up the topsoil and created the massive dust storms that marked the Dust Bowl period. The persistent dry weather caused crops to fail, leaving the plowed fields exposed to wind erosion. The fine soil of the Great Plains was easily eroded and carried east by strong continental winds. On November 11, 1933, a very strong dust storm stripped topsoil from desiccated South Dakota farmlands in one of

This is a document about Lake Ilo National Wildlife Refuge
  Great Plains of the United States. By the 1930s, the era of the Dust Bowl brought drought and dust storms to an already arid region. Starting in 1936, local citizens were hired by the U.S. Government to build a dam at the confluence of two creeks, which would help create a more sustainable water supply for the immediate area since no sizeable bodies of water existed in this region of North Dakota. The dam was completed in 1938 and the following year, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed a congressional bill designating the new lake and the surrounding area as a National Wildlife Refuge. In the late 1980s, the dam on Lake Ilo was determined to be

This is a document about 2010–2011 China drought
  The drought began as early as September 2010 in some regions, though widespread lack of rain and snow began in October. The lack of precipitation caused lower than normal snow cover, putting wheat crops at risk of being killed by frost as well as reducing the amount of moisture in the ground.

The Dust Bowl in the Great Plains began in the 1930s, specifically in 1934. However, the causes of the drought can be traced back to the 1920s when farmers began to apply deep plowing and high-yielding drought-resistant crops, leading to the loss of topsoil and the failure of the dryland farming methods.


Question: what is the solid part of earth called

Answer: crust

This is a document about Structure of the Earth
 Structure of the Earth The internal structure of the Earth is layered in spherical shells: an outer silicate solid crust, a highly viscous asthenosphere and mantle, a liquid outer core that is much less viscous than the mantle, and a solid inner core. Scientific understanding of the internal structure of the Earth is based on observations of topography and bathymetry, observations of rock in outcrop, samples brought to the surface from greater depths by volcanoes or volcanic activity, analysis of the seismic waves that pass through the Earth, measurements of the gravitational and magnetic fields of the Earth, and experiments

This is a document about Geological history of Earth
 years. During Hadean time (4.6–4 Ga), the Solar System was forming, probably within a large cloud of gas and dust around the sun, called an accretion disc from which Earth formed . The Hadean Eon is not formally recognized, but it essentially marks the era before we have adequate record of significant solid rocks. The oldest dated zircons date from about . Earth was initially molten due to extreme volcanism and frequent collisions with other bodies. Eventually, the outer layer of the planet cooled to form a solid crust when water began accumulating in the atmosphere. The Moon formed soon

This is a document about Polar motion
 Polar motion Polar motion of the Earth is the motion of the Earth's rotational axis relative to its crust. This is measured with respect to a reference frame in which the solid Earth is fixed (a so-called "Earth-centered, Earth-fixed" or ECEF reference frame). This variation is only a few meters. Polar motion is defined relative to a conventionally defined reference axis, the CIO (Conventional International Origin), being the pole's average location over the year 1900. It consists of three major components: a free oscillation called Chandler wobble with a period of about 435 days, an annual oscillation, and an irregular

This is a document about Moon
 was thought to come from Theia and it was announced in 2007 that there was less than a 1% chance that Theia and Earth had identical isotopic signatures. Other Apollo lunar samples had in 2012 the same titanium isotopes composition as Earth, which conflicts with what is expected if the Moon formed far from Earth or is derived from Theia. These discrepancies may be explained by variations of the giant impact hypothesis. The Moon is a differentiated body: it has a geochemically distinct crust, mantle, and core. The Moon has a solid iron-rich inner core with a radius possibly as

This is a document about Polar motion
 of the maximum pressure amplitude is tiny, indeed. It clearly indicates the resonance amplification of Chandler wobble in the environment of the Chandler resonance frequency. Polar motion Polar motion of the Earth is the motion of the Earth's rotational axis relative to its crust. This is measured with respect to a reference frame in which the solid Earth is fixed (a so-called "Earth-centered, Earth-fixed" or ECEF reference frame). This variation is only a few meters. Polar motion is defined relative to a conventionally defined reference axis, the CIO (Conventional International Origin), being the pole's average location over the year 1900.

This is a document about Hollow Earth
 illustration of the fact that any description of the physical world can be equivalently expressed in more than one way. The picture of the structure of the Earth that has been arrived at through the study of seismic waves is quite different from the Hollow Earth hypothesis. The time it takes for seismic waves to travel through and around the Earth directly contradicts a hollow sphere. The evidence indicates that the Earth is filled with solid rock (mantle and crust), liquid nickel-iron alloy (outer core), and solid nickel-iron (inner core). Another set of scientific arguments against a Hollow Earth or

This is a document about Structure of the Earth
 decay of radioactive elements, and freezing of the inner core. Structure of the Earth The internal structure of the Earth is layered in spherical shells: an outer silicate solid crust, a highly viscous asthenosphere and mantle, a liquid outer core that is much less viscous than the mantle, and a solid inner core. Scientific understanding of the internal structure of the Earth is based on observations of topography and bathymetry, observations of rock in outcrop, samples brought to the surface from greater depths by volcanoes or volcanic activity, analysis of the seismic waves that pass through the Earth, measurements of

This is a document about Structure of the Earth
 obducted onto the continental crust and preserved as ophiolite sequences. Many rocks now making up Earth's crust formed less than 100 million (1) years ago; however, the oldest known mineral grains are about 4.4 billion (4.4) years old, indicating that Earth has had a solid crust for at least 4.4 billion years. Earth's mantle extends to a depth of 2,890 km, making it the thickest layer of Earth. The mantle is divided into upper and lower mantle. The upper and lower mantle are separated by the transition zone. The lowest part of the mantle next to the core-mantle boundary is

This is a document about UNAVCO
 percent of Earth's crust is unobservable using solely electromagnetic energy-based geodetic techniques. Seafloor geodesy can now expand geodetic positioning to off-shore environments. Researchers can see the effects of changes in Earth's crust far beyond what we can measure with instruments placed solely on dry land. Space geodesy utilizes electromagnetic signals propagating through the atmosphere of Earth, providing information on tropospheric temperature and water vapor and on ionospheric electron density. Thus, in the early twenty-first century, the goal of geodesy has evolved to include study of the kinematics and dynamics of both Earth’s atmosphere and the solid Earth. Geodetic research associated

This is a document about Geodesy
 bases (the international nautical mile is defined as exactly 1,852 m, corresponding to a rounding of 1,000/0.54 m to four digits). In geodesy, temporal change can be studied by a variety of techniques. Points on the Earth's surface change their location due to a variety of mechanisms: The science of studying deformations and motions of the Earth's crust and the solid Earth as a whole is called geodynamics. Often, study of the Earth's irregular rotation is also included in its definition. Techniques for studying geodynamic phenomena on the global scale include: Geodesy Geodesy (), is the earth science of accurately

This is a document about Crust (geology)
 formed almost immediately after formation of the Moon. Magmatism continued after the period of intense meteorite impacts ended about 3.9 billion years ago, but igneous rocks younger than 3.9 billion years make up only a minor part of the crust. Crust (geology) In geology, the crust is the outermost solid shell of a rocky planet, dwarf planet, or natural satellite. It is usually distinguished from the underlying mantle by its chemical makeup; however, in the case of icy satellites, it may be distinguished based on its phase (solid crust vs. liquid mantle). The crusts of Earth, Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars,

This is a document about Outline of Earth sciences
  rigid, outermost shell of a terrestrial-type planet or natural satellite that is defined by its rigid mechanical properties. ; Asthenosphere – The highly viscous, mechanically weak and ductile region of the Earth's upper mantle ; Mesozone – The part of the Earth's mantle below the lithosphere and the asthenosphere, but above the outer core. ; Gutenberg discontinuity– The line between the mantle and the Earth's core. ; Earth's core – The inner part of the planet, formed by differential buoyancy of the component materials causing the denser materials to accumulate nearer to the centre. ; Outer core – A fluid layer composed of mostly iron and nickel between

This is a document about Earth
  Earth's interior, like that of the other terrestrial planets, is divided into layers by their chemical or physical (rheological) properties. The outer layer is a chemically distinct silicate solid crust, which is underlain by a highly viscous solid mantle. The crust is separated from the mantle by the Mohorovičić discontinuity. The thickness of the crust varies from about 6 km under the oceans to 30 - 50 km for the continents. The crust and the cold, rigid, top of the upper mantle are collectively known as the lithosphere, which is divided into independently moving tectonic plates. Beneath the lithosphere is the asthenosphere, a relatively low-viscosity layer on

This is a document about Oceanic basin
   The Earth is composed of a magnetic central core, a mostly liquid mantle and a hard rigid outer shell (or lithosphere), which is composed of the Earth's rocky crust and the deeper mostly solid outer layer of the mantle. On land the crust is known as the continental crust while under the sea it is known as the oceanic crust. The latter is composed of relatively dense basalt and is some five to ten kilometres (three to six miles) thick. The relatively thin lithosphere floats on the weaker and hotter mantle below and is fractured into a number of tectonic plates. In mid-ocean, magma is constantly being thrust through the seabed between adjoining plates

This is a document about Outline of Earth sciences
  solid inner core and its mantle. ; Lehmann Discontinuity – The line between the inner core and the outer core. ; Inner core – The innermost part of the Earth, a solid ball of iron-nickel alloy.  Ecosphere – there are many subsystems that make up the natural environment (the planetary ecosystem or "ecosphere") of the Earth. Many of the subsystems are characterized as "spheres", coinciding with the shape of the planet. The four spheres (for which most of the other spheres are a subtype of) are the atmosphere, the biosphere, the hydrosphere and the geosphere. Listed roughly from outermost to innermost the named spheres of the Earth are:

This is a document about Outline of Earth sciences
  (Also sometimes a collective name for the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the cryosphere, and the atmosphere) The union of all solid parts of Earth and the Inner of Earth. ; Pedosphere – The outermost layer of the Earth that is composed of soil and subject to soil formation processes ; By composition ; Crust (geology) – The outermost solid shell of a rocky planet, dwarf planet, or natural satellite. ; Moho Discontinuity– The line between the crust and the Earth's mantle. ; Earth's mantle – The part of the interior of the planet Earth between the crust and the core. ; By diffusion of sismic waves ; Lithosphere –

This is a document about Solid earth
  Solid earth refers to "the earth beneath our feet" or terra firma, the planet's solid surface and its interior. It contrasts with the Earth's fluid envelopes, the atmosphere and hydrosphere (but includes the ocean basin), as well as the biosphere and interactions with the Sun. It includes the liquid core. Solid-earth science refers to the corresponding methods of study, a subset of Earth sciences, predominantly geophysics and geology, excluding aeronomy, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, hydrology, and ecology.

This is a document about Earth
  Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbour and support life. 29.2% of Earth's surface is land consisting of continents and islands. The remaining 70.8% is covered with water, mostly by oceans, seas, gulfs, and other salt-water bodies, but also by lakes, rivers, and other freshwater, which together constitute the hydrosphere. Much of Earth's polar regions is covered in ice. Earth's outer layer is divided into several rigid tectonic plates[list] that migrate across the surface over many millions of years, while its interior remains active with a solid iron inner core, a liquid outer core that generates

This is a document about Sea
   The Earth is composed of a magnetic central core, a mostly liquid mantle and a hard rigid outer shell (or lithosphere), which is composed of the Earth's rocky crust and the deeper mostly solid outer layer of the mantle. On land the crust is known as the continental crust while under the sea it is known as the oceanic crust. The latter is composed of relatively dense basalt and is some five to ten kilometres (three to six miles) thick. The relatively thin lithosphere floats on the weaker and hotter mantle below and is fractured into a number of tectonic plates. In mid-ocean, magma is constantly being thrust through the seabed between adjoining plates to form mid-oceanic ridges and here convection currents within the mantle tend to drive the two plates apart. Parallel to these ridges and nearer the coasts, one oceanic plate may slide beneath

The solid part of the Earth is called the lithosphere. It includes the crust and the uppermost mantle.


Question: when did all eyez on me come out album

Answer: February 13 , 1996

This is a document about All Eyez on Me
 All Eyez on Me All Eyez on Me is the fourth studio album by American rapper 2Pac (and the last to be released during his lifetime), released on February 13, 1996 by Death Row and Interscope Records. The album features the "Billboard" Hot 100 number-one singles "How Do U Want It" and "California Love". It featured five singles in all, the most of any of Shakur's albums. Moreover, "All Eyez on Me" made history as the first double-full-length hip-hop solo studio album released for mass consumption globally. "All Eyez on Me" was the second album by 2Pac to chart at

This is a document about All Eyez on Me
 It has charted on Billboard 200 for 105 weeks in total. "All Eyez on Me" is 2Pac's best selling album. It was re-released in 2001 as enhanced CDs containing the "California Love" music video. Both discs contained the same data track. It was also re-released as a Dual-Disc in 2005. Credits for "All Eyez on Me" adapted from AllMusic and CD booklet. All Eyez on Me All Eyez on Me is the fourth studio album by American rapper 2Pac (and the last to be released during his lifetime), released on February 13, 1996 by Death Row and Interscope Records. The

This is a document about Kastro (Outlawz)
 Kadafi) in the beginning and began rapping in some of Tupac Shakur's songs during the Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z. sessions. They then added Mutah (Napoleon) to the group and became known as Dramacydal. On March 14, 1995 K-Dog was featured on Tupac Shakur's 2x Platinum album Me Against The World, on the song "Outlaw". The next year, on February 13, 1996 he was featured on Shakur's 10x Platinum Double LP All Eyez On Me on the songs "Tradin War Stories", "When We Ride", & "Thug Passion". It was around the time of this album's recording sessions when Tupac gave K-Dog

This is a document about All Eyez on Me
  All Eyez on Me is the fourth studio album by American rapper 2Pac and the last to be released during his lifetime. Released on February 13, 1996, by Death Row Records and Interscope Records, All Eyez on Me features guest appearances from several artists including the Outlawz, Dr. Dre, Snoop Dogg, George Clinton, E-40, Redman, Method Man, Nate Dogg, Tha Dogg Pound, K-Ci & JoJo, Roger Troutman, among others. The album features productions by Shakur alongside a variety of producers, including DJ Quik, Johnny "J", Dr. Dre, Rick Rock, Daz Dillinger, DJ Pooh, DeVante Swing, among others. The album includes the Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles "How

This is a document about Tupac Shakur
  Shakur's fourth album, All Eyez on Me, arrived on February 13, 1996. It was rap's first double album—meeting two of the three albums due in Shakur's contract with Death Row—and bore five singles. The album shows Shakur rapping about the gangsta lifestyle, leaving behind his previous political messages. With standout production, the album has more party tracks and often a triumphant tone. Music journalist Kevin Powell noted that Shakur, once released from prison, became more aggressive, and "seemed like a completely transformed person". As Shakur's second album to hit No. 1 on both the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart and the pop albums chart, the Billboard 200, it sold 566,000 copies in its first week and was it was certified 5× Multi-Platinum in April. The singles

This is a document about All Eyez on Me (film)
  with various directors, including Antoine Fuqua and John Singleton, attached at different points before Boom was confirmed in November 2015. That December, Shipp Jr., whose father worked on music videos with Shakur, was cast as the singer and principal photography began that month. It lasted until April 2016, filming in Atlanta, Las Vegas and Los Angeles. All Eyez on Me premiered on June 14, 2017 at the Fox Bruin Theater and was released in the United States on June 16, 2017, on what would have been Shakur's 46th birthday. The film received generally negative reviews from critics and grossed $55 million worldwide.

This is a document about Stretch (rapper)
  On October 12, 1995, with bond posted via Suge Knight, CEO of Death Row Records, and pending appeal, Tupac was released from prison in upstate New York. Joining the label in Los Angeles, Tupac feverishly recorded his fourth album, All Eyez on Me. Two tracks, in particular—"Ambitionz Az a Ridah" as well as "Holla At Me"—have lyrics against Stretch, one envisioning his death. But by the album's release on February 13, 1996, Stretch was already dead. Released a few months later, in July 1996, the sophomore album, It Was Written, by rapper Nas, from Queensbridge in Queens, would have Live Squad production on two tracks, "Take It In Blood" as well as

This is a document about All Eyez on Me (Monica album)
  Though originally expected to be released worldwide, All Eyez on Me received a wide release on October 21, 2002, in Japan only. The set was initially scheduled for a US release in July 2002 and then pushed back to September before a November 12 release date was set. By the time it was being scheduled for domestic release however, All Eyez on Me had been heavily bootlegged in Japan and become widely available through Internet file-sharing services. In addition, the first single released from the project, "All Eyez on Me" had experienced moderate success on the charts, while follow-up "Too Hood" also got a lukewarm response. As a result, the album was pulled from stores days after the release and Monica's label J Records

This is a document about All Eyez on Me
  In October 1995, Suge Knight and Jimmy Iovine paid the $1.4 million bail necessary to get Shakur released from jail on charges of sexual abuse. At the time, Shakur was broke and thus unable to make bail himself. All Eyez on Me was released following an agreement between Knight and Shakur which stated Shakur would make three albums under Death Row Records in return for them paying his bail. Fulfilling part of Shakur's brand new contract, this double-album served as the first two albums of his three-album contract. Euthanasia was the initial title of the album until it was changed to All Eyez on Me during the recording process. Shakur

This is a document about Suge Knight
  four and a half years. Knight struck a deal with him that October, paying his bail and freeing him from pending his conviction's while signing him to Death Row Records. In 1996, the label released 2Pac's greatest commercial success, All Eyez on Me. That September, after departing a Mike Tyson boxing match in Las Vegas, a group that included Knight and Shakur assaulted Orlando Anderson, a Southside Compton Crips gang member. Three hours later someone shot into the car that Knight was driving and fatally wounded Shakur. Anderson has since become the prime suspect. In the aftermath of Shakur's death, both Dr. Dre and Snoop Dogg

This is a document about After the Storm (Monica album)
  Rodney Jerkins and his Darkchild crew. Though originally expected to be released worldwide, All Eyez on Me received a wide release on October 21, 2002 in Japan only. The set was initially scheduled for a US release in July 2002 and then pushed back to September before a final November 12 release date. At the time it was scheduled for domestic release However, All Eyez on Me had been heavily bootlegged in Japan and become widely available through Internet file-sharing services. In addition, the first two singles from the project, "All Eyez on Me" and "Too Hood," had experienced moderate chart success.

This is a document about All Eyez on Me
  All Eyez on Me debuted at number-one on both the US Billboard 200 and the US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums charts, selling 566,000 copies in its first week, becoming 2Pac's second number one album on the chart. The album was eventually certified diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). As of September 2011, All Eyez on Me has sold 5,887,630 in the United States, making it 2Pac's highest-selling album. It has charted on the Billboard 200 for 105 weeks in total. In the United Kingdom, the British Phonographic Industry certified the album silver on January 1, 1997, followed by gold on July 22, 2013, and platinum on November 14, 2014, for sales of over 300,000 copies in the United Kingdom. It was re-released in 2001 as enhanced CDs containing the "California Love" music video. Both discs contained the same data track. It was also re-released as a Dual-Disc in 2005.

This is a document about E.D.I. Mean
  In 1995, upon Tupac's release from prison, Greenidge, Tupac, Bruce "Fatal" Washington, Kadafi, Mopreme Shakur, Kastro, and Napoleon formed the group the Outlaw Immortalz, later changed to the Outlawz. Tupac gave each member of the group an alias from an enemy of the United States of America. Shakur gave Greenidge the alias E.D.I. Mean after former Ugandan president Idi Amin. On February 13, 1996, Tupac's double LP, All Eyez on Me, was released. E.D.I. Mean appeared on "Tradin' War Stories," "When We Ride," and "Thug Passion." On June 4, 1996, Tupac's "How Do U Want It" single was released. Its b-side, "Hit 'Em Up", featured E.D.I. Mean, Fatal and Kadafi. It is considered one of the most aggressive diss songs in history, dissing Bad Boy Entertainment, Chino XL, Junior M.A.F.I.A. and Mobb

This is a document about Tha Dogg Pound
  All Eyez on Me with Kurupt featured in "Got My Mind Made Up" and "Check Out Time" and Daz Dillinger producing the hit songs "2 Of Amerikaz Most Wanted", "Ambitionz Az A Ridah", and "I Ain't Mad At Cha". In early September of the same year, Shakur was murdered in Las Vegas, Nevada. Kurupt and Daz were deeply affected by this and struggled to release anything after Shakur's passing. Seven years later in a 2003 interview, Daz stated that he now believed Suge Knight was responsible for Shakur's murder. They remained active thereafter, rapping on Snoop's Tha Doggfather in 1996.

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  songs like "What will they say." or the atmospheric "Sorry Sabina," which by its retro-style reminiscent of the legendary Tupac's album "All Eyez on Me" from 1996. He concludes that the strongest part of the album, as in the previous albums, is Edo Maajka's lyrics, which, when compared to other rappers sound like diaries from introverts of girls because his lyrics are authentic and original''. Benjamin Hasić of Music Zone gave the album a 3.7 out of 5. Praising the beats stating that Edo Maajka has a fine ear for good beats. He also adds that even with his 5th studio album Edo

This is a document about Tupac Shakur
  Party members. Raised by his mother, he relocated to Baltimore in 1984 and to the San Francisco Bay Area in 1988. With the release of his debut album 2Pacalypse Now in 1991, he became a central figure in West Coast hip hop for his conscious rap lyrics. Shakur achieved further critical and commercial success with his follow-up albums Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z... (1993) and Me Against the World (1995). His Diamond certified album All Eyez on Me (1996), the first double-length album in hip-hop history, abandoned his introspective lyrics for volatile gangsta rap. In addition to his music career, Shakur

This is a document about All Eyez on Me (song)
  First released stateside, "All Eyez on Me" debuted at number-one on the US Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart in the week of June 29, 2002. A week later, it entered Billboards Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks chart as the Hot Shot Debut of the week, debuting at number 67. In August 2002, it entered the Billboard Hot 100 at number 70. The song eventually reached and peaked at number 69 a week later, becoming Monica's least successful lead single up to then as well her lowest-charting single since 1999's "Street Symphony." Slightly more successful on Billboards component charts, "All Eyez on Me" reached number 19 on the Rhythmic Top 40 chart and the top 40

This is a document about Johnny "J"
  for "Get Away From Me". Jackson produced the entire album, and even showcased his singing abilities on such tracks as "Love's the Way". The beat for "Better Off" would later be recycled for 2Pac's "Picture Me Rollin in his 1996 album All Eyez On Me. I Gotta Be Me is now out of print and hard to find. After 2Pac's release in late 1995, the two began collaborating for 2Pac's Death Row Records debut All Eyez On Me. The double album was released early next year, and Johnny J produced the chart topping hits "All Bout U", "How Do U Want It" and "Life Goes On". He also produced "Thug Passion", "Shorty Wanna Be A Thug", "Wonda Why They Call U Bitch", "Run tha

This is a document about Tupac Shakur
  Do U Want It" and "California Love" reached No. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100. Death Row released Shakur's diss track "Hit 'Em Up" as the non-album B-side to "How Do U Want It." In this venomous tirade, the proclaimed "Bad Boy killer" threatens violent payback on all things Bad Boy—Biggie, Puffy, Junior M.A.F.I.A., the company—and on any in New York's rap scene, like rap duo Mobb Deep and rapper Chino XL, who allegedly had commented against Shakur about the dispute. All Eyez on Me won R&B/Soul or Rap Album of the Year at the 1997 Soul Train Music Awards. At the 1997 American Music Awards, Shakur won Favorite Rap/Hip-Hop Artist. The album was certified 9× Multi-Platinum in June 1998, and 10× in July 2014.

All Eyez on Me was released on February 13, 1996.


Question: who beat villanova last year in the ncaa tournament

Answer: Wisconsin

This is a document about 2016–17 Villanova Wildcats men's basketball team
 result, they received the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA Tournament. The Wildcats were given the Tournament's overall No. 1 seed as a No. 1 seed in the East region. In the First Round they defeated Mount St. Mary's before being upset by No. 8-seeded Wisconsin in the Second Round. The loss marked the second time in the previous three tournaments that Villanova was upset by an eighth-seeded team. The season marked the final season for The Pavilion before its temporary closure for a $60 million renovation project. It will reopen for the 2018–19 season with the new name of

This is a document about 2005 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game
 off Villanova in the Sweet 16 beating them 67-66 to advance to the Elite Eight. In the Elite Eight, Sean May had a double-double with 29 points and 12 rebounds and Rashad McCants scored 21 points to beat Wisconsin 88-82 to advance to the 2005 Final Four. In the 2005 Final Four, North Carolina beat Michigan State 87-71 to advance to the 2005 National Title Game. Illinois entered the 2005 NCAA Tournament as the #1 seed in the Chicago Regional. In the 1st round of the 2005 NCAA Tournament, Illinois survived a scare from Fairleigh Dickinson, rolling away with a

This is a document about 2008 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament
 they lost to UCLA while Villanova was one of two double digit seeds to advance to the Midwest regional. The other was #10 seed Davidson, who rode the hot shooting of Stephen Curry to defeat Gonzaga, Georgetown, and Wisconsin before nearly upsetting Kansas in the regional final. The Midwest region alone saw four of its double digit seeds advance, as in addition to Villanova, Siena, and Davidson #11 seed Kansas State knocked off #6 seed USC. The total tournament attendance of 763,607 set a record for highest total tournament attendance, breaking the record set during the 1999 tournament. The NCAA

This is a document about 2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game
  The Villanova Wildcats won the NCAA Tournament in 2016. In 2017–18, Villanova set the NCAA record for three-point shots in a season and in the NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament. After completing a 30–4 regular season, including winning the 2018 Big East Men's Basketball Tournament, Villanova was ranked No. 1 in the AP Poll and earned the No. 1 seed in the East Regional. In the first round, Villanova defeated the No. 16 Radford Highlanders, 87–61. Villanova blew out the No. 9 Alabama Crimson Tide by a score of 81–58 in the second round. In the Sweet 16, Villanova beat the West Virginia Mountaineers, 90–78. Villanova won against the No. 3 Texas Tech Red Raiders, 71–59, to make the Final Four. They defeated the Kansas Jayhawks by a score of 95–79 in the Final Four to reach the championship game. In their victory over Kansas, Villanova set an NCAA Tournament Final Four single-game record with 18 three-point shots.

This is a document about Villanova Wildcats men's basketball
  second half). Their 2016 NCAA Championship is referred to as "The Perfect Ending" and became the second of only two NCAA Men's Championship games to be won on a buzzer beater when Kris Jenkins drained a shot as time expired. They made the Final Four in 1939, 1971, 1985, 2009, 2016, and 2018; their six Final Four appearances are 13th most all-time. As of 2019, they have an NCAA Tournament record of 65–37 (.637). Villanova has defeated six No. 1 seeds in the NCAA tournament (Michigan and Georgetown in 1985, Pittsburgh in 2009, Kansas and North Carolina in 2016, and Kansas in 2018), which is sixth most all-time. The Villanova Wildcats have appeared in

This is a document about Villanova University
  Saints in the 2nd round. In the 2009 tournament, the Wildcats upset the No. 1 seed Pittsburgh Panthers on a last second shot by guard Scottie Reynolds to win the East Region and advance to the Final Four. The team was then defeated by the eventual champion North Carolina Tar Heels in the 2009 Final Four game. In 2016, the Wildcats won the 2016 NCAA Championship by defeating North Carolina 77–74. The game included the only buzzer-beater in NCAA Championship game history, when Kris Jenkins sank a three pointer to win the game. In 2018, Villanova defeated the Michigan Wolverines 79–62 to win the

This is a document about 2016 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game
  After a 27–4 regular season and winning the 2016 Big East Conference regular season championship, Villanova beat Georgetown and Providence en route to the 2016 Big East Tournament Finals, where they would lose to Seton Hall. They were the #2 seed in the South Regional of the 2016 NCAA Tournament. Villanova cruised past UNC Asheville in the first round of the 2016 NCAA Tournament with an 86–56 victory. In the second round, Villanova routed Iowa by a score of 87–68 to reach the Sweet 16 for the first time since 2009. In the South Regional Semifinals, Villanova blew out Miami by a score of 92–69. In the

This is a document about Villanova Wildcats men's basketball
  NCAA Tournament 39 times, the eighth highest total in NCAA history. They have won the Big East regular season championship eight times, most recently winning four straight from 2014 to 2017. They won the Big East Tournament in 1995, 2015, 2017, 2018, and 2019. Through 2021, Villanova has 1,817 wins, which is 19th among Division I men's basketball teams and is tied for 9th in all time winning percentage at (.657). Villanova has won the Philadelphia Big Five 27 times, and is tied with Temple University for the most of any team, including five straight from 2014 to 2018. The Wildcats have appeared in the National Invitation Tournament 17 times, winning in 1994.

This is a document about 2017–18 Villanova Wildcats men's basketball team
  The 2017–18 Villanova Wildcats men's basketball team represented Villanova University in the 2017–18 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. Led by head coach Jay Wright in his 17th year, the Wildcats played their home games at the Wells Fargo Center in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania as members of the Big East Conference. The Wildcats finished the season 36–4, 14–4 in Big East play to finish in second place. They defeated Marquette, Butler, and Providence to win the Big East Tournament championship. As a result, they received the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA Tournament as the No. 1 seed in the East region, their third No.1 seed in four years. They defeated Radford, Alabama, West Virginia, and Texas Tech to advance to the Final Four for the second time in three years. In the National Semifinal, they defeated Kansas before defeating Michigan in

This is a document about Villanova Wildcats
  remains the lowest overall seed in tournament history to win the championship, and their overall team shooting percentage of 78.6% remains an NCAA tournament record for a single game. This Championship Game is often cited among the greatest upsets in college basketball history. Ed Pinckney, who shot 5-of-7 and had 16 points in the game, was named the NCAA Tournament's Most Outstanding Player. On April 4, 2016, the Wildcats won their second NCAA Championship in Men's Basketball, the first time in 31 years. They beat the North Carolina Tar Heels 77-74 off a buzzer-beater shot by Kris Jenkins with 0.5 seconds remaining in regulation. Two years later, on April 2, 2018, Villanova earned its third national championship beating the Michigan Wolverines 79–62.

This is a document about Villanova Wildcats men's basketball
  2016 and 2018 National Championships. Six of Wright's NCAA Tournament losses at Villanova have been to the eventual National Champion. One of the highlights of his tenure was an amazing run to the 2009 Final Four when Villanova beat #1 seeded Pittsburgh to win the Elite 8 on a coast-to-coast buzzer beating layup by team captain Scottie Reynolds. Villanova subsequently lost the national semifinals to eventual NCAA Champion North Carolina. Strong starts to the 2009–10 and 2010–11 seasons were followed by struggling finishes. Villanova barely beat Robert Morris in overtime before taking losses at the hands of St Mary's (2010) and George Mason (2011) in NCAA

This is a document about List of North Carolina Tar Heels men's basketball seasons
  NCAA tournament in the ensuring years losing to Kentucky and Kansas in the Elite 8 during the 2010-11 and 2011-12 seasons respectively. In the 2015-16 season, Williams returned the Tar Heels to the NCAA Championship game where he sought his third National Championship against Villanova. Marcus Paige hit an off-balance three-point shot to tie the game with 4.7 seconds left. However, Villanova's Kris Jenkins hit a buzzer-beating three pointer to defeat the Tar Heels 77–74. The Tar Heels returned to the 2017 National Championship game the following year where they defeated Gonzaga 71–65 to win their sixth NCAA title in program history.

This is a document about Villanova Wildcats
  the Final Four at the 2009 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament behind Dante Cunningham and Scottie Reynolds. The team most recently won the 2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament for their third National Championship. Villanova won the 1985 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament with a historic 66–64 win over top-seeded Georgetown. The eighth-seeded Wildcats (unranked in the final AP poll) beat Dayton (at Dayton), top-seeded Michigan, Maryland and second-seeded North Carolina to win the Southeast Regional en route to the Final Four in Lexington, Kentucky. After defeating 2-seed Memphis State (now known as Memphis) in the national semifinals, Villanova met defending champion and ten-point-favorite Georgetown, led by Patrick Ewing, in the title game on April 1, 1985. The Wildcat

This is a document about Villanova Wildcats men's basketball
  points, followed by a 19-point win over #7 seed Iowa. After defeating #3 seed Miami by 23, they moved on to the Elite Eight to face the overall #1 seed Kansas Jayhawks. The Wildcats defense shined as they won by 5 points to advance to their 5th Final Four and the first since 2009. They faced #2 seed Oklahoma Sooners, who had beaten Villanova by 23 on December 7, 2015, at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii early in the season. In the National Semi-Finals, Villanova beat the Sooners by 44 points (an NCAA Final Four record) to advance to the NCAA Championship for the first time in 31 years. They faced the second-overall #1

This is a document about 2016 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game
  regional Final, with Villanova leading 62–59, Mikal Bridges made a steal before Frank Mason III could shoot a potential game-tying three-pointer, and Jalen Brunson made the ensuing free throws and Villanova beat the #1-overall seed Kansas 64–59 to advance to the Final Four for the first time since 2009. In the 2016 Final Four, Villanova defeated Oklahoma, 95–51, the largest margin of victory in Final Four history, to advance to the National Championship Game for the first time since their 1985 National Championship run. The game also featured the second-best shooting percentage in a Final Four game, behind only Villanova's 1985 Championship Game performance of 78.6% (22-for-28).

This is a document about Villanova Wildcats men's basketball
  The Villanova Wildcats men's basketball program represent Villanova University in men's college basketball and competes in the Big East Conference of NCAA Division I. Their first season was the 1920–21 season. Named the "Wildcats", Villanova is a member of the Philadelphia Big Five, five Philadelphia college basketball teams who share a passionate rivalry. The Wildcats have won the National Championship three times: 1985, 2016, and 2018. Their 1985 NCAA championship as an 8 seed still stands as the lowest seed ever to win the title. The game is referred to as "The Perfect Game" as they shot a record 78.6% as a team for the game (22 for 28, including 9 for 10 in

This is a document about Villanova Wildcats men's basketball
  the NBA—national player of the year and Final Four most outstanding player Jalen Brunson, Mikal Bridges, Donte Devincenzo and Omari Spellman. National title holdovers Phil Booth and Eric Paschall keyed Villanova' surprising run to the 2019 Big East Regular Season and Tournament Championships. In the 2019 NCAA Tournament, six seed Villanova gained a measure of revenge against St. Mary's with a First Round victory followed by a loss to Purdue, a strong 3 seed, in the Second Round. Booth ended his Villanova career as the all-time winningest player in program history with 2 national titles and 4 Big East Tournament Championships (2015, 2017, 2018, and 2019).

This is a document about 2007–08 Villanova Wildcats men's basketball team
  record of 19–11 overall and 9–9 in the Big East. The Wildcats received a #12 seed in the 2008 NCAA Tournament in which they defeated the #5 seed Clemson Tigers and the #13 seed Siena Saints. They reached the Sweet Sixteen before they were defeated by #1 seed Kansas 72–57 on March 28, 2008. This was the third time in 4 years that Villanova was eliminated from the tournament by the eventual champion. In 2005, Villanova reached the Sweet 16 before being defeated by eventual tournament champion North Carolina. In 2006, Villanova reached the Elite Eight before being defeated by eventual champion Florida. The team finished with a 22–13 record, and 10–10 record in the Big East.

This is a document about 2017–18 Villanova Wildcats men's basketball team
  The Wildcats finished the 2016–17 season 32–4, 15–3 in Big East play to win the regular season championship. In the Big East Tournament, they defeated St. John's, Seton Hall, and Creighton to win the tournament championship. As a result, they received the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA Tournament. The Wildcats were given the Tournament's overall No. 1 seed as a No. 1 seed in the East region. In the First Round they defeated Mount St. Mary's before being upset by No. 8-seeded Wisconsin in the Second Round. The loss marked the second time in the previous three tournaments that Villanova was upset by an eighth-seeded team.

This is a document about Roy Williams (basketball coach)
  During the 2015–16 season, Williams guided the Tar Heels to their fourth Final Four of his tenure, as well as winning the regular season and ACC Tournament titles. In the 2016 NCAA Tournament, North Carolina beat Florida Gulf Coast, Providence, Indiana, and Notre Dame, and Syracuse in the Final Four, to earn a spot against Villanova in the national championship game. North Carolina lost 77–74 when Villanova sank a three-point buzzer beater. The Tar Heels completed their season with a 33–7 overall record.

The team that beat Villanova in the NCAA tournament last year was the No. 8-seeded Wisconsin Badgers.


Question: which amendment to the constitution contains the equal protection clause

Answer: Fourteenth Amendment

This is a document about Equal Protection Clause
 Equal Protection Clause The Equal Protection Clause is part of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The clause, which took effect in 1868, provides "nor shall any State [...] deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws". A primary motivation for this clause was to validate the equality provisions contained in the Civil Rights Act of 1866, which guaranteed that all citizens would have the guaranteed right to equal protection by law. As a whole, the Fourteenth Amendment marked a large shift in American constitutionalism, by applying substantially more constitutional restrictions against the

This is a document about Washington v. Davis
 Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the US Constitution. Since the respondents were filing the action in Washington, DC, a federal territory, not a state, the constitutional provision the plaintiffs sued under was the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment instead of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. The Equal Protection Clause directly applies only to the states, but the Supreme Court ruled in "Bolling v. Sharpe" that the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment, which applies to the federal government, contains an equal protection component. The Supreme Court held that under

This is a document about Bolling v. Sharpe
 of the Fourteenth Amendment's Equal Protection Clause, which applies only to the states, but rather held that school segregation was unconstitutional under the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The Court observed that the Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution lacked an Equal Protection Clause, as in the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The Court held, however, that the concepts of Equal Protection and Due Process are not mutually exclusive, establishing the reverse incorporation doctrine. Beginning in late 1941, a group of parents from the Anacostia neighborhood of Washington, D.C., calling

This is a document about Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution
 requires government officials to follow fair procedures before depriving a person of life, liberty, or property, and substantive due process, which protects certain fundamental rights from government interference. The Supreme Court has also held that the Due Process Clause contains a prohibition against vague laws and an implied equal protection requirement similar to the Fourteenth Amendment's Equal Protection Clause. The amendment as proposed by Congress in 1789 reads as follows: On June 8, 1789, Congressman James Madison introduced several proposed constitutional amendments during a speech to the House of Representatives. His draft language that later became the Fifth Amendment was

This is a document about Equal Protection Clause
 legal institution but as a biased political one. On the other side, it is argued that the purpose of the Equal Protection Clause is to prevent the socio-political subordination of some groups by others, not to prevent classification; since this is so, non-invidious classifications, such as those used by affirmative action programs, should not be subjected to heightened scrutiny. Equal Protection Clause The Equal Protection Clause is part of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The clause, which took effect in 1868, provides "nor shall any State [...] deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection

This is a document about Williamson v. Lee Optical Co
 2, 3, and 4 of the Act violated the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution and that portions of § 3 of the Act violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution. The Court affirmed in part and reversed in part holding, among other things, that the law's provisions did not violate the Due Process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. It also held that the burdened effect on opticians while sellers of ready-to-wear eyeglasses were exempted did not violate the Equal Protection clause. Using rational basis review, the Court found that the

This is a document about John Marshall Harlan (born 1899)
 the power to require congressional districts with equal populations. Harlan was the sole dissenter in "Reynolds v. Sims", in which the Court relied on the Equal Protection Clause to extend the one man, one vote principle to state legislative districts. He analyzed the language and history of the Fourteenth Amendment, and concluded that the Equal Protection Clause was never intended to encompass voting rights. Because the Fifteenth Amendment would have been superfluous if the Fourteenth Amendment (the basis of the reapportionment decisions) had conferred a general right to vote, he claimed that the Constitution did not require states to adhere

This is a document about Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
 text of the Fourteenth Amendment applies the Equal Protection Clause only against the states, the Supreme Court, since "Bolling v. Sharpe" (1954), has applied the Clause against the federal government through the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment under a doctrine called "reverse incorporation." In "Yick Wo v. Hopkins" (1886), the Supreme Court has clarified that the meaning of "person" and "within its jurisdiction" in the Equal Protection Clause would not be limited to discrimination against African Americans, but would extend to other races, colors, and nationalities such as (in this case) legal aliens in the United States who

This is a document about Twenty-fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution
 may be imposed." While not directly related to the Twenty-fourth Amendment, the Supreme Court case "Harper v. Virginia Board of Elections" (1966) ruled that the poll tax was unconstitutional at every level, not just for federal elections. The "Harper" decision relied upon the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, rather than the Twenty-Fourth Amendment. As such, issues related to whether burdens on voting are equivalent to poll taxes in discriminatory effect have usually been litigated on Equal Protection grounds since. Twenty-fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution The Twenty-fourth Amendment (Amendment XXIV) of the United States Constitution prohibits both

This is a document about Equal Rights Amendment
 be removed. House Memorial No. 7 was officially received by the U.S. Senate on January 6, 2014, was designated as "POM-175", was referred to the Senate's Committee on the Judiciary, and was published verbatim in the "Congressional Record" at page S24. Twenty-four states have adopted constitutions or constitutional amendments providing that equal rights under the law shall not be denied because of sex. Most of these provisions mirror the broad language of the ERA, while the wording in others resembles the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. The 1879 Constitution of California contains the earliest state equal rights provision

This is a document about Civil liberties
 of association amidst growing authoritarianism. The Constitution of Canada includes the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms which guarantees many of the same rights as the U.S. constitution, with the notable exceptions of protection against establishment of religion. However, the Charter does protect freedom of religion. The Charter also omits any mention of, or protection for, property. The United States Constitution, especially its Bill of Rights, protects civil liberties. The passage of the Fourteenth Amendment further protected civil liberties by introducing the Privileges or Immunities Clause, Due Process Clause, and Equal Protection Clause. Human rights within the United States are

This is a document about Citizens for Equal Protection v. Bruning
 Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment and was a bill of attainder in violation of the Contract Clause of Article I. Nebraska Attorney General Jon Bruning appealed the decision to the Eighth Circuit in St. Louis, Missouri. On July 14, 2006, the Eighth Circuit reversed Judge Bataillon's decision. It held that Initiative Measure 416 did not violate the Equal Protection Clause, was not a bill of attainder, and did not violate the First Amendment. The Eighth Circuit held that "laws limiting the state-recognized institution of marriage to heterosexual couples ... do not violate the Constitution of the United States." The

This is a document about Twenty-first Amendment to the United States Constitution
 unconstitutional under the Commerce Clause before passage of the Twenty-first Amendment. In its second holding, the Court rejected an equal protection claim because "A classification recognized by the Twenty-first Amendment cannot be deemed forbidden by the Fourteenth." Over time, the Court has significantly curtailed this initial interpretation. In "Craig v. Boren" (1976), the Supreme Court found that analysis under the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment had not been affected by the passage of the Twenty-first Amendment. Although the Court did not specify whether the Twenty-first Amendment could provide an exception to any other constitutional protections outside of the

This is a document about Luther v. Borden
 it was up to the President and Congress to enforce this clause and that, as an inherently political question, it was outside the purview of the Court. The ruling established that the "republican form of government" clause of Article Four was non-justiciable, a ruling that still holds today. However, two decades after "Luther v. Borden" was decided, the Fourteenth Amendment, which included the Equal Protection Clause, was added to the Constitution. "Baker v. Carr", in which the Court found that the Court could examine Tennessee's apportionment of legislative districts, was based on the Equal Protection Clause, and many subsequent cases

This is a document about Equal Protection Clause
 Congress. It was this fact—the fact that the Fourteenth Amendment was enacted by a "rump" Congress—that allowed the Equal Protection Clause to be passed by Congress and proposed to the states. Its ratification by the former Confederate states was made a condition of their reacceptance into the Union. With the return to originalist interpretations of the Constitution, many wonder what was intended by the framers of the reconstruction amendments at the time of their ratification. The 13th amendment abolished slavery but to what extent it protected other rights was unclear. After the 13th amendment the South began to institute black

This is a document about Equal Protection Clause
 the Fifth Amendment nonetheless imposes various equal protection requirements on the federal government. The Equal Protection Clause is located at the end of Section 1 of the Fourteenth Amendment: Equality as a concept has been enshrined in America since the Declaration of Independence. This does not mean that it was a part of daily life or legal practices. Before the passing of the reconstruction amendments, which included the Equal Protection Clause, there were various legal challenges for the rights of Black people in America. Blacks were considered inferior, and up until the Thirteenth Amendment, it was legal to own them

This is a document about Minnesota v. Clover Leaf Creamery Co
 Clauses. After conducting extensive evidentiary hearings, the Minnesota court enjoined enforcement of the statute, finding that it violated the due process and equal protection clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Federal Constitution, due process provisions of the state constitution, and the commerce clause of the Federal Constitution (Art I, 8, cl 3). The Supreme Court of Minnesota affirmed on the federal equal protection and due process grounds, without reaching the commerce clause or state law issues, holding that the discrimination against plastic nonrefillables was not rationally related to the statute's stated objectives of promoting resource conservation, easing solid waste

This is a document about Equal Protection Clause
 "Nixon v. Herndon" (1927) that the Fourteenth Amendment prohibited denial of the vote based on race. The first modern application of the Equal Protection Clause to voting law came in "Baker v. Carr" (1962), where the Court ruled that the districts that sent representatives to the Tennessee state legislature were so malapportioned (with some legislators representing ten times the number of residents as others) that they violated the Equal Protection Clause. It may seem counterintuitive that the Equal Protection Clause should provide for equal voting rights; after all, it would seem to make the Fifteenth Amendment and the Nineteenth Amendment

This is a document about Natural-born-citizen clause
 U.S.-born candidate's parents is irrelevant. In a 2006 John Marshall Law Review article, Paul A. Clark argues that the Fifth Amendment should be read as implicitly repealing the requirement that the U.S. President needs to be a natural-born U.S. citizen. Clark points out that, starting from the 1954 case Bolling v. Sharpe, courts have held that the Fifth Amendment contains an implicit equal protection clause whose scope is identical to the Fourteenth Amendment's equal protection clause and that federal discrimination against naturalized U.S. citizens (or, more specifically, federal discrimination based on national origin) would be struck down by the courts

The Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution contains the Equal Protection Clause.


Question: who plays in the hall of fame game 2018

Answer: Baltimore Ravens

This is a document about Pro Football Hall of Fame Game
 it was moved to the beginning of the preseason. Prior to 2002, it was not uncommon for the game to be played in July. Since 2002, when the league permanently moved the start of the season to the weekend after Labor Day, the game has always been played in early August. The 2011 game was originally scheduled between the St. Louis Rams and the Chicago Bears, but the game was canceled due to an ongoing labor dispute that had disrupted nearly all league activity during the 2011 offseason. The two clubs had set a deadline of July 22 to ratify

This is a document about Pro Football Hall of Fame Game
 of the participants. When the Cleveland Browns returned to the league with a rebooted roster in 1999, they too played in the Hall of Fame Game. The Baltimore Ravens, while officially considered as being established in 1996, did not play in the Hall of Fame Game until 2018. With the Ravens' participation in the 2018 game, all 32 current NFL teams have now played in the Hall of Fame game at least once. Prior to the AFL–NFL merger, the Hall of Fame Game was played in August or September, in some cases at the end of the preseason. In 1970,

This is a document about 2018 NFL season
 Football League Players Association filed a grievance with the league over the policy on July 11. The following people associated with the NFL (or AFL) have died in 2018. Training camps for the 2018 season were held in late July through August. Teams started training camp no earlier than 15 days before the team's first scheduled preseason game. The Pro Football Hall of Fame Game, in which the Baltimore Ravens defeated the Chicago Bears 17–16, was played on August 2; and was televised nationally by NBC. The Ravens, who made their first Hall of Fame Game appearance, were represented in

This is a document about 2018 Chicago Bears season
 released on August 4 and his roster spot taken by fellow O-lineman Kaleb Johnson, a former Chiefs player; Johnson's slot would also be replaced a week later by Chiefs running back Knile Davis. On February 13, the NFL announced that the Bears will play the Baltimore Ravens in the Pro Football Hall of Fame Game on Thursday, August 2, at the Tom Benson Hall of Fame Stadium in Canton, Ohio. The remaining preseason games were revealed on April 11. The Hall of Fame Game began on a poor note when Chase Daniel's pass was intercepted by Chuck Clark, though DeAndre

This is a document about 2018 Baltimore Ravens season
 2018 Baltimore Ravens season The 2018 season is the Baltimore Ravens' 23rd season in the National Football League and their 11th under head coach John Harbaugh. On October 14, 2018, the Ravens set a franchise record, sacking Titans quarterback Marcus Mariota 11 times in a 21–0 Week 6 win against the Tennessee Titans. Draft trades On February 13, the NFL announced that the Ravens will play the Chicago Bears in the Pro Football Hall of Fame Game on Thursday, August 2, at the Tom Benson Hall of Fame Stadium in Canton, Ohio. The remainder of the Ravens' preseason opponents and

This is a document about 2018 NFL season
  Training camps for the 2018 season were held in late July through August. Teams started training camp no earlier than 15 days before the team's first scheduled preseason game. The Pro Football Hall of Fame Game, in which the Baltimore Ravens defeated the Chicago Bears 17–16, was played on August 2; and was televised nationally by NBC. The Ravens, who made their first Hall of Fame Game appearance, were represented in the 2018 Hall of Fame class by former linebacker Ray Lewis, while the Bears were represented by former linebacker Brian Urlacher.

This is a document about 2019 NFL season
  Training camps for the 2019 season were held in late July through August. Teams started training camp no earlier than 15 days before their first scheduled preseason game. The Pro Football Hall of Fame Game, in which the Denver Broncos defeated the Atlanta Falcons 14–10, was played on August 1, televised nationally by NBC and held at Tom Benson Hall of Fame Stadium in Canton, Ohio, the same city where the league was founded 99 years prior. The Broncos were represented in the 2019 Hall of Fame class by owner Pat Bowlen (posthumously) and former cornerback Champ Bailey, while the Falcons were represented by former tight

This is a document about 2015 NFL season
  Game on Sunday evening, August 9. The Hall of Fame game is a traditional part of the annual Pro Football Hall of Fame induction weekend celebrating new Hall of Fame members. It was played at Tom Benson Hall of Fame Stadium which is located adjacent to the Hall of Fame building in Canton, Ohio. The game, which was televised in the U.S. on NBC, featured the Minnesota Vikings and Pittsburgh Steelers; as in previous years, each team had an inductee in the class of 2015 (Mick Tingelhoff for the Vikings, Jerome Bettis for the Steelers). The 65-game preseason schedule ended on Thursday, September 3, a week before the start of the regular season, with each team having played four preseason games, except for the Steelers and Vikings, who played five games. The preliminary preseason schedule was released Thursday, April 9.

This is a document about 2021 Pittsburgh Steelers season
  On February 15, the NFL announced that the Steelers would face the Dallas Cowboys in the Pro Football Hall of Fame Game on Thursday, August 5, at Tom Benson Hall of Fame Stadium in Canton, Ohio. The game kicked off at 8:00 p.m. EDT, televised by Fox. The Steelers were represented by former head coach Bill Cowher and safeties Troy Polamalu and Donnie Shell. The Steelers and Cowboys were scheduled to play in the 2020 Hall of Fame game; however, the game, the annual Hall of Fame enshrinement, along with the entire 2020 preseason, were cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Hall of Fame game between the Steelers and Cowboys was rescheduled for 2021. The Steelers ended up defeating the Cowboys by a score of 16–3. The remainder of the Steelers' preseason opponents and schedule was announced on May 12.

This is a document about 2010 Cincinnati Bengals season
 Pro Football Hall of Fame Game – vs Dallas Cowboys Preseason Week 1 – vs Denver Broncos Preseason Week 2 – vs Philadelphia Eagles

This is a document about 2010 Dallas Cowboys season
 Pro Football Hall of Fame Game – vs Cincinnati Bengals Preseason Week 1 – vs Oakland Raiders Preseason Week 2 – at San Diego Chargers Preseason Week 3 – at Houston Texans Preseason Week 4 – vs Miami Dolphins

This is a document about 2021 Dallas Cowboys season
  On February 15, the NFL announced that the Cowboys would face the Pittsburgh Steelers in the Pro Football Hall of Fame Game on Thursday, August 5, at Tom Benson Hall of Fame Stadium in Canton, Ohio. The game kicked off at 7:00 p.m. CDT, and was televised by Fox. The Cowboys were represented by head coach Jimmy Johnson and safety Cliff Harris. The Cowboys and Steelers were scheduled to play in the 2020 Hall of Fame game; however, the game, the annual Hall of Fame enshrinement, along with the entire 2020 preseason, were cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Hall of Fame game between the Cowboys and Steelers was rescheduled for 2021. The remainder of the Cowboys' preseason opponents are listed below; the schedule was announced on May 13.

This is a document about 2020 Pittsburgh Steelers season
  The Steelers would have played the Dallas Cowboys in the Pro Football Hall of Fame Game on August 6, at Tom Benson Hall of Fame Stadium in Canton, Ohio, and the Steelers were to be represented by former head coach Bill Cowher and safeties Troy Polamalu and Donnie Shell. However, the game, the annual Hall of Fame enshrinement and the remainder of the preseason were later cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Hall of Fame game between the Steelers and Cowboys was rescheduled for 2021.

This is a document about 2011 NFL season
 AFC East vs. AFC West ; AFC North vs. AFC South ; NFC East vs. NFC West ; NFC North vs. NFC South AFC East vs. NFC East ; AFC West vs. NFC North ; AFC North vs. NFC West ; AFC South vs. NFC South The preseason schedule was released April 12, 2011. The Hall of Fame Game, had it been played, would have featured the Chicago Bears against the St. Louis Rams in only the second time since 1971 that the game would have featured two teams from the same conference. Instead, the preseason began with the San Diego Chargers hosting the Seattle Seahawks on August 11;

This is a document about Pro Football Hall of Fame Game
  game compared to the remaining teams in the league (formerly four, three as of 2021). The last four expansion teams added to the league all played in the Hall of Fame Game as their first game. In, expansion clubs Jacksonville and Carolina played each other in , and Houston appeared in. When the new Cleveland Browns returned to the league in with a rebooted roster, they played in the Hall of Fame Game. The Baltimore Ravens, officially established in 1996 after decades as the Cleveland Browns, did not play in the Hall of Fame Game until 2018 (they had last played in the game in as the Browns). With the Ravens' participation, all 32 current NFL teams have at least one appearance.

This is a document about List of people from Texas
  Hall of Fame defensive tackle for Dallas Cowboys ; Carl "Spider" Lockhart (1943–1986), defensive back for New York Giants ; Andrew Luck (born 1989), quarterback for Indianapolis Colts M–O Ryan Mallett (born 1988), quarterback for Baltimore Ravens, New England Patriots ; Danieal Manning (born 1982), free safety for Chicago Bears ; Bradley Marquez (born 1992), wide receiver for St. Louis Rams ; Jake Matthews (born 1992), offensive tackle for Atlanta Falcons ; Brett Maxie (born 1962), defensive back, secondary coach for Dallas Cowboys ; Taylor Mays (born 1988), safety ; Trumaine McBride (born 1985), cornerback for New York Giants ; Brice McCain

This is a document about Marty Schottenheimer
  Super Bowl, against another black head coach (and Dungy's former mentee), Lovie Smith. In 2016, Dungy earned induction into the Pro Football Hall of Fame. Mike McCarthy coached the Green Bay Packers from 2006 to 2018, and ran a variation of the West Coast offense during his time as Packers head coach. He was able to field a potent passing attack with two superstar quarterbacks; first with Brett Favre (2006–2007), and then with Aaron Rodgers (2008–2018). McCarthy guided the Packers to a 31–25 victory over the Pittsburgh Steelers in Super Bowl XLV, with Rodgers being named the game's MVP. Under McCarthy's watch, the Packers were perennial playoff contenders, and

This is a document about Philadelphia Eagles
  Bowls, winning Super Bowl LII at the end of the 2017 season. Bell, Chuck Bednarik, Bob Brown, Brian Dawkins, Reggie White, Steve Van Buren, Tommy McDonald, Greasy Neale, Pete Pihos, Harold Carmichael, Sonny Jurgensen, and Norm Van Brocklin have been inducted to the Pro Football Hall of Fame. The team has had an intense rivalry with the New York Giants. This rivalry was the oldest in the NFC East and was among the oldest in the NFL. It was ranked by NFL Network as the number one rivalry of all-time, Sports Illustrated ranks it as the fourth-best rivalry in the NFL, and according to ESPN, it is one of the fiercest and most well-known rivalries

This is a document about 2019 Atlanta Falcons season
  The Falcons played the Denver Broncos in the Pro Football Hall of Fame Game on Thursday, August 1, at Tom Benson Hall of Fame Stadium in Canton, Ohio. The Falcons were represented by tight end Tony Gonzalez, who spent the final five seasons of his career with the Falcons from 2009–2013.

This is a document about 2010 NFL season
  The Pro Football Hall of Fame Game was held on Sunday, August 8, 2010 at 8:00 pm EDT on NBC, with the Dallas Cowboys defeating the Cincinnati Bengals, 16–7 at Fawcett Stadium in Canton, Ohio. The remainder of the preseason game matchups were announced March 31, 2010. Highlights, among others, include the New York Giants and New York Jets facing off in the first-ever game at New Meadowlands Stadium on ESPN. The preseason game in the Bills Toronto Series featured the host Bills defeating the Indianapolis Colts in Toronto on Thursday, August 19 by a score of 34–21. Exact dates and times for most games were announced in April, shortly after the regular season games were announced.

The Baltimore Ravens and Chicago Bears played in the Pro Football Hall of Fame Game on August 2, 2018.