Question: where do cardiac impulses originate in the heart

Answer: sinoatrial node

This is a document about Electrical conduction system of the heart
 Electrical conduction system of the heart The electrical conduction system of the heart transmits signals generated usually by the sinoatrial node to cause contraction of the heart muscle. The pacemaking signal generated in the sinoatrial node travels through the right atrium to the atrioventricular node, along the Bundle of His and through bundle branches to cause contraction of the heart muscle. This signal stimulates contraction first of the right and left atrium, and then the right and left ventricles. This process allows blood to be pumped throughout the body. The conduction system consists of specialised heart muscle cells, and is

This is a document about Heart arrhythmia
 different timing than usual and can be responsible for poorly coordinated contraction. Conditions that increase automaticity include sympathetic nervous system stimulation and hypoxia. The resulting heart rhythm depends on where the first signal begins: If it is the sinoatrial node, the rhythm remains normal but rapid; if it is an ectopic focus, many types of dysrhythmia may ensue. Re-entrant arrhythmias occur when an electrical impulse recurrently travels in a tight circle within the heart, rather than moving from one end of the heart to the other and then stopping. Every cardiac cell is able to transmit impulses of excitation in

This is a document about Sinoatrial arrest
 Sinoatrial arrest Sinoatrial arrest (also known as sinus arrest or sinus pause) is a medical condition wherein the sinoatrial node of the heart transiently ceases to generate the electrical impulses that normally stimulate the myocardial tissues to contract and thus the heart to beat. It is defined as lasting from 2.0 seconds to several minutes. Since the heart contains multiple pacemakers, this interruption of the cardiac cycle generally lasts only a few seconds before another part of the heart, such as the atrio-ventricular junction or the ventricles, begins pacing and restores the heart action. This condition can be detected on

This is a document about Cardiovascular centre
 the cardiovascular centre and cause it to increase the rate of impulses sent to the sinoatrial node, or pacemaker, resulting in faster and stronger cardiac muscle contraction and thus increasing the heart rate. Cardiovascular centre The cardiovascular centre is a part of the human brain responsible for the regulation of the rate at which the heart beats through the nervous and endocrine systems. It is found in the medulla oblongata. Normally, the heart beats without nervous control, but in some situations (e.g., exercise, body trauma), the cardiovascular centre is responsible for altering the rate at which the heart beats. It

This is a document about Atrioventricular node
 the crista terminalis, and anteriorly, via the interatrial septum. Contraction of heart muscle cells requires depolarization and repolarization of their cell membranes. Movement of ions across cell membranes causes these events. The cardiac conduction system (and AV node part of it) coordinates myocyte mechanical activity. A wave of excitation spreads out from the sinoatrial node through the atria along specialized conduction channels. This activates the AV node. The atrioventricular node delays impulses by approximately 0.09s. This delay in the cardiac pulse is extremely important: It ensures that the atria have ejected their blood into the ventricles first before the ventricles

This is a document about Sinoatrial arrest
 length of the interruption of cardiac activity. If the next available pacemaker takes over, it is in the following order: Treatment includes stop medications that suppress the sinus node (beta blocker, Calcium channel blocker, digitalis); may need pacing. Sinoatrial arrest Sinoatrial arrest (also known as sinus arrest or sinus pause) is a medical condition wherein the sinoatrial node of the heart transiently ceases to generate the electrical impulses that normally stimulate the myocardial tissues to contract and thus the heart to beat. It is defined as lasting from 2.0 seconds to several minutes. Since the heart contains multiple pacemakers, this

This is a document about Cardiac excitation-contraction coupling
 Sinoatrial node (SAN). These cells, unlike most other cells within the heart, can spontaneously produce action potentials. These action potentials travel along the cell membrane (sarcolemma), as impulses, passing from one cell to the next through channels, in structures known as gap junctions. The speed of conduction of the action potential varies at different parts of the heart (for more information, see electrical conduction system of the heart). This is important as it means that once the atria have contracted, there is a slight delay which enables the ventricles to fill with blood before they contract. Certain regions of the

This is a document about Myocyte
 vary depending on the size of the muscle cell. During treppe (or summation) contraction muscles do not start at maximum efficiency; instead they achieve increased strength of contraction due to repeated stimuli. Tetanus involves a sustained contraction of muscles due to a series of rapid stimuli, which can continue until the muscles fatigue. Isometric contractions are skeletal muscle contractions that do not cause movement of the muscle. However, isotonic contractions are skeletal muscle contractions that do cause movement. Specialized cardiomyocytes located in the sinoatrial node are responsible for generating the electrical impulses that control the heart rate. These electrical impulses

This is a document about Cardiac cycle
 ventricle. The sinoatrial node, often known as the "cardiac pacemaker", is the point of origin for producing a wave of electrical impulses that stimulates atrial contraction by creating an action potential across myocardium cells. Impulses of the wave are delayed upon reaching the AV node, which acts as a gate to slow and to coordinate the electrical current before it is conducted below the atria and through the circuits known as the bundle of His and the Purkinje fibers—all which stimulate contractions of both ventricles. The programmed delay at the AV node also provides time for blood volume to flow

This is a document about Cardiac cycle
 ventricles begin to fall significantly, and thereafter the atria begin refilling as blood returns to flow into the right atrium (from the vena cavae) and into the left atrium (from the pulmonary veins). As the ventricles begin to relax, the mitral and tricuspid valves open again, and the completed cycle returns to ventricular diastole and a new "Start" of the cardiac cycle. Throughout the cardiac cycle, blood pressure increases and decreases. The movements of cardiac muscle are coordinated by a series of electrical impulses produced by specialised pacemaker cells found within the sinoatrial node and the atrioventricular node. Cardiac muscle

This is a document about Bundle branch block
  The heart's electrical activity begins in the sinoatrial node (the heart's natural pacemaker), which is situated on the upper right atrium. The impulse travels next through the left and right atria and summates at the atrioventricular node. From the AV node the electrical impulse travels down the bundle of His and divides into the right and left bundle branches. The right bundle branch contains one fascicle. The left bundle branch subdivides into two fascicles: the left anterior fascicle and the left posterior fascicle. Other sources divide the left bundle branch into three fascicles: the left anterior, the left posterior, and the left septal fascicle. The thicker left posterior fascicle bifurcates, with one fascicle being in the septal aspect. Ultimately, the fascicles divide into millions of Purkinje fibres, which in turn interdigitate with individual cardiac myocytes, allowing for rapid, coordinated, and synchronous physiologic depolarization of the ventricles.

This is a document about Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome
   Electrical activity in the normal human heart begins when a cardiac action potential arises in the sinoatrial (SA) node, which is located in the right atrium. From there, the electrical stimulus is transmitted via internodal pathways to the atrioventricular (AV) node. After a brief delay at the AV node, the stimulus travels through the bundle of His to the left and right bundle branches and then to the Purkinje fibers and the endocardium at the apex of the heart, then finally to the ventricular myocardium. The AV node serves an important function as a "gatekeeper", limiting the electrical activity that reaches the ventricles. In situations where the atria generate excessively rapid electrical activity (such as atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter), the AV node limits the number of

This is a document about Bachmann's bundle
  The normal cardiac rhythm originates in the sinoatrial node, which is located in the right atrium near the superior vena cava. From there, the electrical activation spreads throughout the right atrium. There are at least four locations where the activation can pass to the left atrium. Apart from Bachmann's bundle these are the anterior interatrial septum, posterior interatrial septum, and the coronary sinus. Because it originates close to the sinoatrial node and consists of long parallel fibers, Bachmann's bundle is, during sinus rhythm, the first of these connections to activate the left atrium.

This is a document about Cardiac physiology
  the cell-by-cell pathway through the contractile cells of the myocardium in the atria. In addition, there is a specialized pathway called Bachmann's bundle or the interatrial band that conducts the impulse directly from the right atrium to the left atrium. Regardless of the pathway, as the impulse reaches the atrioventricular septum, the connective tissue of the cardiac skeleton prevents the impulse from spreading into the myocardial cells in the ventricles except at the atrioventricular node. The electrical event, the wave of depolarization, is the trigger for muscular contraction. The wave of depolarization begins in the right atrium, and the impulse spreads across the superior portions of both atria and then down through the contractile cells. The contractile cells then begin contraction from the superior to the inferior portions of the atria, efficiently pumping blood into the ventricles.

This is a document about Cardiac physiology
  the base of the heart. The Purkinje fibers have a fast inherent conduction rate, and the electrical impulse reaches all of the ventricular muscle cells in about 75 ms. Since the electrical stimulus begins at the apex, the contraction also begins at the apex and travels toward the base of the heart, similar to squeezing a tube of toothpaste from the bottom. This allows the blood to be pumped out of the ventricles and into the aorta and pulmonary trunk. The total time elapsed from the initiation of the impulse in the SA node until depolarization of the ventricles is approximately 225 ms.

This is a document about Right axis deviation
  Fascicular tachycardia usually arises from the posterior fascicle of the left bundle branch. They produce QRS complexes of relatively short durations with a right bundle branch block pattern. Tachycardias originating in the anterior left fascicle would lead to right axis deviation. Right ventricular outflow tract tachycardia originates from the outflow tract of the right ventricle or the tricuspid annulus. As it arises from the right ventricle, the impulse spreads inferiorly from beneath the pulmonary valve, and there right axis deviation.

This is a document about Cardiac cycle
  the lower wall of the right heart between the atrium and ventricle. The sinoatrial node, often known as the cardiac pacemaker, is the point of origin for producing a wave of electrical impulses that stimulates atrial contraction by creating an action potential across myocardium cells. Impulses of the wave are delayed upon reaching the AV node, which acts as a gate to slow and to coordinate the electrical current before it is conducted below the atria and through the circuits known as the bundle of His and the Purkinje fibers—all which stimulate contractions of both ventricles. The programmed delay at the AV node also provides time for blood volume to flow through the atria and fill the ventricular chambers—just before the return of the systole (contractions), ejecting the new blood volume and completing the cardiac cycle. (See Wiggers diagram: "Ventricular volume" tracing (red), at "Systole" panel.)

This is a document about Atrial flutter
  Atrial flutter is caused by a re-entrant rhythm. This usually occurs along the cavo-tricuspid isthmus of the right atrium though atrial flutter can originate in the left atrium as well. Typically initiated by a premature electrical impulse arising in the atria, atrial flutter is propagated due to differences in refractory periods of atrial tissue. This creates electrical activity that moves in a localized self-perpetuating loop, which usually lasts about 200 milliseconds for the complete circuit. For each cycle around the loop, an electric impulse results and propagates through the atria. The impact and symptoms of atrial flutter depend on the heart rate of the affected person. Heart rate is a measure of ventricular rather than atrial activity. Impulses from the atria are conducted to the ventricles through the atrio-ventricular node (AV node). In a person

This is a document about Cardiac cycle
  In a healthy heart all activities and rests during each individual cardiac cycle, or heartbeat, are initiated and orchestrated by signals of the heart's electrical conduction system, which is the "wiring" of the heart that carries electrical impulses throughout the body of cardiomyocytes, the specialized muscle cells of the heart. These impulses ultimately stimulate heart muscle to contract and thereby to eject blood from the ventricles into the arteries and the cardiac circulatory system; and they provide a system of intricately timed and persistent signaling that controls the rhythmic beating of the heart muscle cells, especially the complex impulse-generation and muscle contractions in the atrial chambers. The rhythmic sequence (or sinus rhythm) of this signaling across the heart is coordinated by two groups of specialized cells, the sinoatrial (SA) node, which is situated in the upper wall of the right atrium, and the atrioventricular (AV) node located

This is a document about Cardiac cycle
  valves open again, and the completed cycle returns to ventricular diastole and a new "Start" of the cardiac cycle. Throughout the cardiac cycle, blood pressure increases and decreases. The movements of cardiac muscle are coordinated by a series of electrical impulses produced by specialised pacemaker cells found within the sinoatrial node and the atrioventricular node. Cardiac muscle is composed of myocytes which initiate their internal contractions without applying to external nerves—with the exception of changes in the heart rate due to metabolic demand. In an electrocardiogram, electrical systole initiates the atrial systole at the P wave deflection of a steady signal; and it starts contractions (systole).

Cardiac impulses originate in the sinoatrial node, which is located in the right atrium of the heart.


Question: who made the walk it talk it beat

Answer: Deko

This is a document about Walk It Talk It
 Walk It Talk It "Walk It Talk It" is a song by American hip hop trio Migos with guest vocals from Canadian rapper Drake. It was included on the trio's third studio album, "Culture II" (2018). After the album's release, it debuted at number 18 and later peaked at number 10 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 after its release as the third single. The song was produced by frequent collaborators OG Parker and Deko. The song is the sixth track on Migos' third studio album "Culture II", which was released in January 2018. It has become one of the more

This is a document about Walk It Talk It
  "Walk It Talk It" is a song by American hip hop trio Migos with guest vocals from Canadian rapper Drake. The single was released on March 18, 2018. It was included on the trio's third studio album, Culture II (2018). After the album's release, it debuted at number 18 and later peaked at number 10 on the Billboard Hot 100 after its release as the third single. The song was produced by frequent collaborators OG Parker and Deko.

This is a document about Walk the Walk...Talk the Talk
  Walk the Walk...Talk the Talk is an album of The Head Cat published in 2011. The disc contains notes cover of rockabilly artists of the past but also two completely new songs, "American Beat" and "The Eagle Flies on Friday". It was recorded in four days, in June 2010 in Hollywood.

This is a document about The Walk (The Time song)
  "The Walk" opens side two of the Time's second album, What Time Is It?. The song was produced, arranged, composed and performed by Prince with Morris Day later adding his lead vocals. The funk song opens with a brief drum fill and has several throughout the song, along with drum machines. The beat is somewhat of a march, which is emphasized by Day during the song's break by mimicking an army chant. The "walking" bass of the song is perhaps inspired by the song's title. The keyboards take an important role, as well as plenty of rock guitar. Despite the song being performed nearly entirely by Prince, several band members are called out throughout the song (Jellybean Johnson and Terry Lewis) giving the song a live feel. The ending of the song is a humorous conversation between Morris

This is a document about Walter Becker
  it sounded very professional and contemporary. It sounded like, you know, like a black person, really." They formed the band Leather Canary, which included fellow student Chevy Chase on drums. At the time, Chase called the group "a bad jazz band." Becker left the school in 1969 before completing his degree and moved with Fagen to Brooklyn, where the two began to build a career as a songwriting duo. They were members of the touring band for Jay and the Americans but used pseudonyms. They also composed music for the soundtrack to You've Got to Walk It Like You Talk It or You'll Lose That Beat, a film starring Richard Pryor that was released in 1971.

This is a document about David Banner production discography
 10. "Walk It, Talk It" (featuring David Banner)

This is a document about Touch of Class (band)
  by the Steals brothers, which spent three weeks on the R&B singles chart, peaking at No. 85. 1976 proved to be a big year for Pete and Gerald Jackson when Vicki Sue Robinson recorded and released a song they wrote, "Turn the Beat Around". The song topped the Billboard dance chart, and reached No. 10 on the Billboard Hot 100 and No. 73 on the Billboard R&B singles chart. It ranked as the 38th top song on Billboard's year-end chart. In 1977, the group released two singles, "Said It" and "You Got to Know Better", both written by the Jackson brothers and produced by John Davis. "You Got to Know Better" spent eight weeks on the Billboard R&B singles chart and peaked at No. 45.. By 1979, Michael Hailstock left the

This is a document about Steely Dan
  my life that I actually had friends." After Fagen graduated in 1969, the two moved to Brooklyn and tried to peddle their tunes in the Brill Building in midtown Manhattan. Kenny Vance (of Jay and the Americans), who had a production office in the building, took an interest in their music, which led to work on the soundtrack of the low-budget Richard Pryor film You've Got to Walk It Like You Talk It or You'll Lose That Beat. Becker later said bluntly, "We did it for the money." A series of demos from 1968 to 1971 are available in multiple different releases, not

This is a document about Joe Perry (musician)
  commercially, only going gold and failing to generate a hit single, aside from the rock radio cut "Let the Music Do the Talking", a remake of Perry's 1980 solo song. In 1986, Perry and Tyler collaborated with Run-D.M.C. in a remake of Aerosmith's 1975 hit "Walk This Way", which helped break rap into mainstream popularity and brought Aerosmith renewed mainstream attention as well. Despite their success since re-forming, drug problems still stood in their way. After completing drug rehabilitation, Aerosmith went on to collaborate with various big-name songwriters (such as Desmond Child and Jim Vallance), producers (Bruce Fairbairn), A&R men (John Kalodner), and music video directors (Marty Callner and David Fincher) to launch their true

This is a document about Turn the Beat Around
  "Turn the Beat Around" was written by brothers Gerald and Peter Jackson of the R&B outfit Touch of Class. Peter Jackson knew Al Garrison, an engineer at Associated Studios in New York, through Jackson's work as a session drummer, and it was at Associated Studios that Touch of Class cut its own demos. Peter Jackson recalls that one Sunday at noontime "I called Al and said...we want to come in and [cut a] demo...He was leaving at four...He said: 'My girl[friend]’s coming to pick me up for dinner. You have to be done [by then]." Garrison's girlfriend turned out to be singer Vicki Sue Robinson whose debut album was nearing completion requiring one additional track. On arriving at Associated

This is a document about Hard bop
  its direction and its audience, that some of hard bop's roots may be found." A key recording in the early development of hard bop was Silver's composition "The Preacher", which was considered "old-timey" or "corny", such that Blue Note head Alfred Lion was hesitant to record the song. However, the song became a successful hit. Miles Davis, who had performed the title track of his album Walkin' at the inaugural Newport Jazz Festival in 1954, would form the Miles Davis Quintet with John Coltrane in 1955, becoming prominent in hard bop before moving on to other styles. Other early documents were the two volumes of the Blue Note albums A Night

This is a document about Double Dee and Steinski
  ; "Play That Beat" by MC G.L.O.B.E. ; "Double Dutch Bus" by Frankie Smith ; Speech by Fiorello La Guardia ; "Change Le Beat" by Fab Five Freddy "The Crunge" by Led Zeppelin ; "The torch has been passed to a new generation..." sample from Inaugural Address speech (1961) by John F. Kennedy ; "Dance to the Drummer's Beat" by Herman Kelly & Life ; "Jam on the Groove" by Ralph MacDonald ; "Hernando's Hideaway" by Archie Bleyer ; "Generator Pop" (Extended Version) by P-Funk All Stars ; "Scorpio" by Dennis Coffey ; "Human Beatbox" by Fat Boys ; "Listen To Me" by Baby Huey ; "Jam On It" by Newcleus ; "Funky

This is a document about These Boots Are Made for Walkin'
  you ready, boots? Start walkin. Simpson also added some new music to her version of the song. Whereas the original version did not have a bridge, she created one for the cover. A risqué rap-like/spoken breakdown was added after the bridge. Because of the legalities of songwriting, Simpson has not been credited for the new music or lyrics that she wrote. The production of the song was altered as well. Producers Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis gave the cover a country-inspired production because of its relationship to the film The Dukes of Hazzard, but they also added a more hip hop-like beat.

This is a document about Wha'ppen?
  The Beat formed in 1978 and, according to Chris Woodstra, became "one of the earliest and most important ska revivalist groups" with their multiracial line-up and alternating lead vocals from toaster Ranking Roger and guitarist Dave Wakeling. They were part of the two-tone music scene in the Midlands that mixed ska, reggae, punk rock and politically and socially conscious lyrics. They briefly signed to 2 Tone Records for their debut single, a Top 10 cover of "Tears of a Clown," before creating Go Feet Records, on which they released their critically and commercially acclaimed debut album I Just Can't Stop It (1980), which mixed political and personal lyrics with rocksteady and a punk energy. After I Just Can't Stop It, the band felt they had to change their sound for their second

This is a document about Fools Gold/What the World Is Waiting For
  Funky Drummer" by James Brown, which Reni had to learn the beat from. John Squire also plays guitar with various wah-wah pedal effects. Ian Brown sings the vocals in a whispered delivery. He would also perform with this technique for the track "Something's Burning". The bassline was inspired by "Know How" by Young MC, which is a sample from the Shaft theme song, performed by Isaac Hayes. The lyrics reference Nancy Sinatra's "These Boots Are Made for Walkin'" and Marquis de Sade. According to Brown, the song's verses were inspired by John Huston's 1948 film adaptation of The Treasure of the Sierra Madre and tells about "three geezers who are skint and they put their money together to get equipment to go looking for gold, then they all betray each other...".

This is a document about This Is It (Michael Jackson song)
  Although it shared its name, the song was not intentionally made for the 2009 concert documentary Michael Jackson's This Is It. "This Is It" was written by recording artists Paul Anka and Michael Jackson, and a demo version of the song was recorded by Anka and Jackson in 1983 at Anka's California recording studio. The song was intended to be added as an album track on Anka's 1983 duets album Walk a Fine Line that he was in the process of recording at the time. Soon after the alleged theft in the '80s, Anka threatened to take legal action if the recordings were

This is a document about FM (No Static at All)
  Donald Fagen told American Songwriter in 2013 that the process of writing and recording the song was straightforward. He and Becker were in California finishing up Aja when the call came. "There was a film called FM and we were asked to do the title song," Fagen recalled. They were told the only requirement was that the song had to be about FM radio; it took a day or two to write. The duo had not written music for a film since You've Got to Walk It Like You Talk It or You'll Lose That Beat in 1971, but they knew what producers wanted. "We wrote a song that would sound good with a big production, and an overdub of strings that would sound good

This is a document about Boogaloo (funk dance)
  In 1966, Larry Thompson, a local dancer in Oakland, California, put together a boogaloo style inspired by the Boogaloo social dance, James Brown, the Temptations, and Fred Astaire. Through these influences, Thompson would innovate a local boogaloo style and formed a dance group Pirate and the Easy Walkers, together with Cornell "Tony Rome" Reese, Wayne "Freddy Snow" Dillard and Levi Warner. Thompson would also be inspired by watching a dancer from The Hy-Lit Show, a Black and Puerto Rican dancer named Harold (Harold Hazzard): "The move this guy did on the show was a Boogaloo style step with flailing arm moves that would cross the body then end in a freeze with the

This is a document about Walk It Out (Unk song)
  "Walk It Out" is the debut single of rapper Unk from his debut album Beat'n Down Yo Block! The song was played on the radio in Atlanta starting in March 2006 but did not gain popularity nationwide until September of that year. The song peaked at number 10 on the Billboard Hot 100, giving him the first top-ten single of his career. The song was written by Montay Humphrey, Anthony Platt and Howard Simmons. The official remix has been lengthened to include four verses, featuring Outkast, Unk himself, and Jim Jones. The song was performed at the 1st Annual BET Hip Hop Awards in 2006. The song is sampled on Girl Talk's 2008 album Feed the Animals on track one, "Play Your Part (Pt. 1)."

The "Walk It Talk It" beat was produced by OG Parker and Deko.


Question: what would need to happen to change a lead atom into a gold atom

Answer: nuclear transmutation

This is a document about Nuclear transmutation
 the abundance of all elements heavier than boron. In their 1957 paper "Synthesis of the Elements in Stars", William Alfred Fowler, Margaret Burbidge, Geoffrey Burbidge, and Fred Hoyle explained how the abundances of essentially all but the lightest chemical elements could be explained by the process of nucleosynthesis in stars. It transpired that, under true nuclear transmutation, it is far easier to turn gold into lead than the reverse reaction, which was the one the alchemists had ardently pursued. Nuclear experiments have successfully transmuted lead into gold, but the expense far exceeds any gain. It would be easier to convert

This is a document about Nuclear transmutation
  gold into lead than the reverse reaction, which was the one the alchemists had ardently pursued. It would be easier to convert gold into lead via neutron capture and beta decay by leaving gold in a nuclear reactor for a long period of time. Glenn Seaborg produced several thousand atoms of gold from bismuth, but at a net loss. For more information on gold synthesis, see Synthesis of precious metals. ^{197}Au + n -> ^{198}Au (half-life 2.7 days) -> ^{198}Hg + n -> ^{199}Hg + n → ^{200}Hg + n → ^{201}Hg + n -> ^{202}Hg + n -> ^{203}Hg (half-life 47 days) -> ^{203}Tl + n → ^{204}Tl (half-life 3.8 years) → 204Pb

This is a document about Synthesis of precious metals
  mercury, can be converted by splitting off a neutron and becoming 197Hg, which then decays into stable gold. This reaction, however, possesses a smaller activation cross-section and is feasible only with unmoderated reactors. It is also possible to eject several neutrons with very high energy into the other mercury isotopes in order to form 197Hg. However such high-energy neutrons can be produced only by particle accelerators.. In 1980, Glenn Seaborg transmuted several thousand atoms of bismuth into gold at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. His experimental technique was able to remove protons and neutrons from the bismuth atoms. Seaborg's technique was far too expensive to enable the routine manufacture of gold but his work is the closest yet to emulating the mythical Philosopher's Stone.

This is a document about Gold
  The possible production of gold from a more common element, such as lead, has long been a subject of human inquiry, and the ancient and medieval discipline of alchemy often focused on it; however, the transmutation of the chemical elements did not become possible until the understanding of nuclear physics in the 20th century. The first synthesis of gold was conducted by Japanese physicist Hantaro Nagaoka, who synthesized gold from mercury in 1924 by neutron bombardment. An American team, working without knowledge of Nagaoka's prior study, conducted the same experiment in 1941, achieving the same result and showing that the isotopes of gold produced by it were all radioactive. Gold can currently be manufactured in a nuclear reactor by irradiation either of platinum or mercury. Only the mercury isotope 196Hg, which occurs

This is a document about Synthesis of precious metals
  Gold synthesis in a particle accelerator is possible in many ways. The Spallation Neutron Source has a liquid mercury target which will be transmuted into gold, platinum, and iridium, which are lower in atomic number than mercury.

This is a document about Lead
  A lead atom has 82 electrons, arranged in an electron configuration of [Xe]4f145d106s26p2. The sum of lead's first and second ionization energies—the total energy required to remove the two 6p electrons—is close to that of tin, lead's upper neighbor in the carbon group. This is unusual; ionization energies generally fall going down a group, as an element's outer electrons become more distant from the nucleus, and more shielded by smaller orbitals. The similarity of ionization energies is caused by the lanthanide contraction—the decrease in element radii from lanthanum (atomic number 57) to lutetium (71), and the relatively small radii of the elements from hafnium (72) onwards. This is due to poor shielding of the nucleus by the lanthanide 4f electrons. The sum of the first four ionization energies of lead exceeds that of tin, contrary to what periodic trends would predict. Relativistic effects, which become significant in

This is a document about Synthesis of precious metals
  Gold was synthesized from mercury by neutron bombardment in 1941, but the isotopes of gold produced were all radioactive. In 1924, a Japanese physicist, Hantaro Nagaoka, accomplished the same feat. Gold can currently be manufactured in a nuclear reactor by the irradiation of either platinum or mercury. Only the mercury isotope 196Hg, which occurs with a frequency of 0.15% in natural mercury, can be converted to gold by slow neutron capture, and following electron capture, decay into gold's only stable isotope, 197Au. When other mercury isotopes are irradiated with slow neutrons, they also undergo neutron capture, but either convert into each other or beta decay into the thallium isotopes 203Tl and 205Tl. Using fast neutrons, the mercury isotope 198Hg, which composes 9.97% of

This is a document about Rudolph M. Hunter
  theory that atoms, instead of being fundamental units of matter (and therefore immutable), consist of yet smaller particles that, depending on their number (and other factors) comprise the different elements. That led him to more or less accurately describe transmutation as a process in which the atom is "divided into its component ions [subatomic particles], and the ions reassembled in new combination." He apparently failed to appreciate, however, how little he (or anyone in 1903) actually knew about the atom and subatomic phenomena. To create gold, he asserted, one needed only to deactivate the particles in silver atoms (by "de-electrifying" them), then "gather up 137,620 of them and impress

This is a document about Perovskite nanocrystal
  Although several reports showed that CsPbX3 NCs could be doped with Mn2+, they accomplished this through the addition of the Mn precursor during the synthesis, and not through cation exchange. Cation exchange can be used to partially exchange Pb2+ with Sn2+, Zn2+, or Cd2+ over the course of several hours. In addition to these cations, gold was also shown to be a suitable candidate for cation exchange yielding a mixed-valent, and distorted, perovskite with the composition Cs2Au(I)Au(III)Br6. A-site cation exchange has also been shown to be a viable route for the transformation of CsPbBr3 to MAPbBr3 and from CsPbI3 to FAPbI3.

This is a document about Room-temperature superconductor
  light emitting diodes and other quantum systems, adding the right spin catalyst may by itself increase Tc. A possible candidate would be iridium or gold placed in some of the adjacent molecules or as a thin surface layer so the correct mechanism then propagates throughout the entire lattice similar to a phase transition. As yet, this is speculative; some efforts have been made, notably adding lead to BSCCO, which is well known to help promote high Tc phases by chemistry alone. However, relativistic effects similar to those found in lead-acid batteries might be responsible suggesting that a similar mechanism in mercury- or thallium-based cuprates may be possible

This is a document about Lead
 2 PbS(s) + 3 O2(g) → 2 PbO(s) + 2 SO2(g)↑ 2 PbO(s) + C(s) → 2 Pb(s) + CO2(g)↑ First, the sulfide concentrate is roasted in air to oxidize the lead sulfide:  As the original concentrate was not pure lead sulfide, roasting yields not only the desired lead(II) oxide, but a mixture of oxides, sulfates, and silicates of lead and of the other metals contained in the ore. This impure lead oxide is reduced in a coke-fired blast furnace to the (again, impure) metal:  Impurities are mostly arsenic, antimony, bismuth, zinc, copper, silver, and gold. Typically they are removed in a series of pyrometallurgical processes. The melt is treated in a reverberatory furnace with air, steam, and sulfur, which oxidizes the impurities except for silver, gold, and bismuth. Oxidized contaminants float to the top of the melt and are skimmed off. Metallic silver and gold are

This is a document about Lead
  atoms, contribute to this behavior. One such effect is the inert pair effect: the 6s electrons of lead become reluctant to participate in bonding, making the distance between nearest atoms in crystalline lead unusually long. Lead's lighter carbon group congeners form stable or metastable allotropes with the tetrahedrally coordinated and covalently bonded diamond cubic structure. The energy levels of their outer s- and p-orbitals are close enough to allow mixing into four hybrid sp3 orbitals. In lead, the inert pair effect increases the separation between its s- and p-orbitals, and the gap cannot be overcome by the energy that would be released by extra bonds following hybridization. Rather than having a diamond cubic structure, lead forms metallic bonds in which only the p-electrons are delocalized and shared between the Pb2+ ions. Lead consequently has a face-centered cubic structure like the similarly sized divalent metals calcium and strontium.

This is a document about Salomon Trismosin
  perform an alchemical operation that allegedly transmuted lead into gold. The miner died shortly after, never revealing his secret to the young Trismosin. This led to a lifelong search for such alchemical secrets. Trismosin writes that in 1473 he set out on a journey to find a true alchemist. He found only frauds and fools claiming to have transmuted base metals into silver and gold, which put him off his search for some time. Having abandoned his search, he came to a college in Venice where he met a German alchemist named Tauler. Tauler taught Trismosin his alchemical secrets and Trismosin learned how to transmute mercury into gold. Patronized by a local nobleman, Trismosin continued these transmutational experiments until the nobleman

This is a document about Lead(II) acetate
  Lead acetate can be made by boiling elemental lead in acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide. This method will also work with lead carbonate or lead oxide. Pb(s) + H2O2(aq) + 2 H+(aq) → Pb2+(aq) + 2 H2O(l) Pb2+(aq) + 2 CH3COO−(aq) → Pb(CH3COO)2(aq) Lead(II) acetate can also be made via a single displacement reaction between copper acetate and lead metal: Cu(CH3COO)2 + Pb → Cu + Pb(CH3COO)2

This is a document about Chelated platinum
  is in the form of high energy dielectric aqueous solution. Silver, platinum and gold are best known precious metals. However, from a more comprehensive and chemistry point of view, they should be described as inert metals. Inert metals are very stable. They are difficult to participate directly in ordinary acid-base reactions and turn into metal compounds. Therefore, they can stay alone in the form of single element in nature. To turn silver, platinum and gold into metal complex, it can only be performed in very special and particular reaction environment. Furthermore, it is much more difficult to make inert metals into its chelated form which is stable in acidic and basic conditions. The critical reason is that it should undergo a treatment process that involve a great amount of energy in order to achieve a water-soluble state.

This is a document about Lead(IV) chloride
 PbCl4 → PbCl2 + Cl2(g) Lead tetrachloride tends to decompose further into lead dichloride and chlorine gas: There are reports that this reaction can proceed explosively and that the compound is best stored under pure sulfuric acid at -80 °C in the dark. The stability of the +4 oxidation state decreases as we travel down this group of the periodic table. Thus while carbon tetrachloride is a stable compound, with lead the oxidation state +2 is favored and PbCl4 quickly becomes PbCl2. Indeed, the inert pair effect causes lead to favor its +2 oxidation state: Pb atom loses all its outermost p electrons and ends up with a stable, filled s subshell.

This is a document about Rudolph M. Hunter
  In 1903 Hunter largely turned his back on practical invention and turned to a much more speculative pursuit, the transmutation of elements. In a flurry of newspaper articles, the first appearing in July, he announced that he had discovered a process for changing silver (and other metals) into gold. He also announced plans for a $500,000 plant capable of producing "thousands of dollars worth of gold … daily," and he established two firms, Mirabile Corp. and United States Assay and Bullion Co., to implement the venture. Hunter's claim to have mastered transmutation, though far-fetched, was at least tenuously grounded in advanced (for the day) atomic theory. He had embraced

This is a document about Lead compounds
 2 PbO + PbS → 3 Pb + SO2 3 Pb + 8 H+ + 8 → 3 Pb2+ + 6  + 2 NO + 4 H2O PbO + 2 OH− + H2O → + Cl2 → PbO2 + 2 Cl− + 2 H2O PbO2 + 2 OH− + 2 H2O → Various oxidized forms of lead are easily reduced to the metal. An example is heating PbO with mild organic reducing agents such as glucose. The mixture of the oxide and the sulfide heated together will also form the metal.  Metallic lead is attacked (oxidized) only superficially by air, forming a thin layer of lead oxide that protects it from further oxidation. The metal is not attacked by sulfuric

This is a document about Refining (metallurgy)
  One ancient process for extracting the silver from lead was cupellation. Lead was melted in a bone ash 'test' or 'cupel' and air blown across the surface. This oxidised the lead to litharge, and also oxidised other base metals present, the silver (and gold if present) remaining unoxidised. In the 18th century, the process was carried on using a kind of reverberatory furnace, but differing from the usual kind in that air was blown over the surface of the molten lead from bellows or (in the 19th century) blowing cylinders.

This is a document about Roentgenium
  copper, the difference in energy between the ground state and lowest excited state causes the metal to appear reddish. For silver, the energy gap widens and it becomes silvery. However, as the atomic number increases, the excited levels are stabilized by relativistic effects and in gold the energy gap decreases again and it appears gold. For roentgenium, calculations indicate that the 6d97s2 level is stabilized to such an extent that it becomes the ground state and the 6d107s1 level becomes the first excited state. The resulting energy difference between the new ground state and the first excited state is similar to that of silver and roentgenium is expected to be silvery in appearance. The atomic radius of roentgenium is expected to be around 138 pm.

To change a lead atom into a gold atom, it is necessary to add neutrons to a lead-208 nucleus, converting it into a gold-209 nucleus. This can be achieved through nuclear reactions, such as those involving neutron bombardment or particle accelerators. However, it is important to note that this process is not practical or cost-effective, as the energy required to produce a gold atom from lead is much greater than the value of the gold itself.


Question: who is the actor who plays the beast in beauty and the beast

Answer: Dan Stevens

This is a document about Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)
 puppeteering for the body and the physical orientation", where actor Dan Stevens was "in a forty-pound gray suit on stilts for much of the film". The facial capture for the Beast was done separately in order to "communicate the subtleties of the human face" and "[capture the] thought that occurs to him" which gets "through [to] the eyes, which are the last human element in the Beast." The castle servants who are transformed into household objects were created with CGI animation. Before the release of the film, Bill Condon refilmed one certain sequence in the "Days of the Sun" number,

This is a document about Evermore (Beauty and the Beast song)
 Evermore (Beauty and the Beast song) "Evermore" is a song written by composer Alan Menken and lyricist Tim Rice for the musical fantasy film "Beauty and the Beast" (2017), a live-action remake of Disney's 1991 animated film of the same name. Originally recorded for the film by English actor Dan Stevens, who performs the song in his starring role as the titular Beast, "Evermore" was first released as a single by American singer Josh Groban on March 3, 2017. Stevens' version became available on March 10, 2017 when the film's soundtrack was released online, while Groban's cover is played during

This is a document about Beast (Beauty and the Beast)
 of "the Beast" is actually another fairy tale character, Rumplestiltskin (played by Robert Carlyle), who gains possession of Belle as part of a deal to save Belle's kingdom from losing a war. Indian actor Vikram portrayed Beast for sequences in a dreamy song "Ennodu Nee Irundhal" in the 2015 Tamil language film ""I"" opposite Amy Jackson who portrayed Belle. The original prosthetic make-up for the characters were provided by Sean Foot (Shaun) and Davina Lamont and additional works were done by National Film Award winners—Christien Tinsley and Dominie Till. In March 2015, English actor Dan Stevens was cast as the

This is a document about Beast (Beauty and the Beast)
 beautiful young woman named Belle who he imprisons in his castle. All this must be done before the last petal falls from the enchanted rose on his twenty-first birthday. In all animated film appearances, the Beast is voiced by American actor Robby Benson. The 1991 animated film was adapted into a Broadway musical in 1994, with the role being originated by American actor Terrence Mann. Dan Stevens portrays the character in a 2017 live-action adaptation of the original 1991 film. Determining a suitable appearance for the Beast proved challenging. Although entirely fictional, supervising animator Glen Keane felt it essential for

This is a document about Evermore (Beauty and the Beast song)
 joking, "it would be like writing 'Don't Cry for Me Brazil'," referring to "Don't Cry for Me Argentina", a song he famously wrote for the stage musical "Evita". Originally entitled "For Evermore", "Evermore" was written by composer Menken and lyricist Rice. The last of the three original songs written for the remake, "Evermore" was completed considerably late into production after the filmmakers finally agreed that the Beast should perform his own. Written in Spring 2015 in London, England, Menken quickly composed its melody before Rice contributed lyrics revolving around the Beast releasing Belle. Actor Dan Stevens, who portrays the Beast

This is a document about Dan Stevens
 Dan Stevens Daniel Jonathan Stevens (born 10 October 1982) is an English actor. He first drew international attention for his role as Matthew Crawley in the ITV acclaimed period drama series "Downton Abbey" (2010–12). He also starred as David in the thriller film "The Guest" (2014), Sir Lancelot in the adventure film "" (2014), The Beast/Prince in Disney's live action adaptation of "Beauty and the Beast" (2017), Lorin Willis in the biographical legal drama "Marshall" (2017), and Charles Dickens in the biographical drama "The Man Who Invented Christmas" (2017). Since 2017, he has starred as David Haller in the FX

This is a document about Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)
  Beauty and the Beast is a 2017 American musical romantic fantasy film directed by Bill Condon from a screenplay by Stephen Chbosky and Evan Spiliotopoulos. Co-produced by Walt Disney Pictures and Mandeville Films, the film is a live-action adaptation of Disney's 1991 animated film of the same name, itself an adaptation of Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont's 1756 version of the fairy tale. It features an ensemble and choir cast including Emma Watson and Dan Stevens as the eponymous Belle and the Beast, with Luke Evans, Kevin Kline, Josh Gad, Ewan McGregor, Stanley Tucci, Audra McDonald, Gugu Mbatha-Raw, Ian McKellen, and Emma Thompson in supporting roles. A live-action Beauty and the Beast remake was first announced in April 2014,

This is a document about Ian McKellen
  brings us a riveting character study of a lion not going gentle into winter." In 2017, McKellen portrayed in a supporting role as Cogsworth (originally voiced by David Ogden Stiers in the 1991 animated film) in the live-action adaptation of Disney's Beauty and the Beast, directed by Bill Condon (which marked the third collaboration between Condon and McKellen, after Gods and Monsters and Mr. Holmes) and co-starred alongside Emma Watson and Dan Stevens. The film was released to positive reviews and grossed $1.2billion worldwide, making it the highest-grossing live-action musical film, the second highest-grossing film of 2017, and the 17th highest-grossing film of all time. The following year,

This is a document about Ewan McGregor
  Mortdecai (2015), alongside Johnny Depp and Paul Bettany. Robbie Collin of The Daily Telegraph felt the film was "psychotically unfunny". He made his directorial debut with American Pastoral (2016), in which he also starred. In 2017, he reprised his role as Mark Renton in T2 Trainspotting. McGregor played Lumière (originally voiced by Jerry Orbach in the 1991 animated film) in the live-action adaptation of Disney's Beauty and the Beast, directed by Bill Condon, with an ensemble cast featuring Emma Watson and Dan Stevens in leading roles, alongside Luke Evans, Kevin Kline, Josh Gad, Stanley Tucci, Ian McKellen, and Emma Thompson. Filming began in May 2015 at Shepperton Studios in

This is a document about Beast (Beauty and the Beast)
  The Beast appears in the Broadway musical adaptation of Disney's Beauty and the Beast, originally portrayed by Terrence Mann. Other actors who have taken on the role include Chuck Wagner (1997), James Barbour (1998), Jeff McCarthy (2004), and Steve Blanchard.

This is a document about Beauty and the Beast (1991 film)
  Luke Evans, Emma Thompson, Josh Gad, Audra McDonald, and Kevin Kline joined the film as the Beast, Gaston, Mrs. Potts, Lefou, Garderobe, and Maurice, respectively. The following month, Ian McKellen, Ewan McGregor, Stanley Tucci, and Gugu Mbatha-Raw joined the cast, as Cogsworth, Lumière, Cadenza, and Plumette, respectively. Composer Alan Menken returned to score the film's music, with new material written by Menken and Tim Rice. In June 2015, Menken said the film would not include the songs that were written for the Broadway musical. Filming began on May 18, 2015, in London, and in Surrey. Production officially wrapped in August 2015. The film was released on March 17, 2017.

This is a document about Days in the Sun
  was considered for release as a single but director Bill Condon did not feel it "len[t] itself to the process". A version of "Evermore" performed by Josh Groban was ultimately chosen as a single. Before the film's debut and the soundtrack's release, a series of nail polishes was released; a yellow nail polish was named after the song. "Days in the Sun" was released on March 10, 2017, as a track on the Beauty and the Beast soundtrack; it was made available as an audio CD and a digital download. It is performed by Adam Mitchell as the young Beast, Emma Watson as Belle, and Stanley Tucci, Ewan McGregor, Gugu Mbatha-Raw, Ian McKellen, Emma Thompson, Audra McDonald, and Clive Rowe as the Beast's enchanted servants.

This is a document about Luke Evans
  Evans was cast as Eric Draven in the reboot of The Crow. In June 2014, he joined the cast of the film High-Rise with Tom Hiddleston and Jeremy Irons. In January 2015, Evans officially exited The Crow to pursue other projects. The same year, he was named one of GQs 50 best dressed British men. In 2016, Evans appeared in the thriller film The Girl on the Train, co-starring Emily Blunt. In 2017, he had the villainous role of Gaston in Disney's live-action adaptation of Beauty and the Beast, directed by Bill Condon and co-starring Emma Watson and Dan Stevens; and also

This is a document about 1st Robert Awards
 Jesper Klein – Beauty and the Beast

This is a document about Beauty and the Beast (2017 soundtrack)
  Beauty and the Beast is the soundtrack album to the 2017 film Beauty and the Beast. The album, largely based on material from Disney's 1991 animated version, features songs and instrumental score composed by Alan Menken with lyrics by Howard Ashman and three new songs composed by Menken with lyrics by Tim Rice. The soundtrack album was released by Walt Disney Records on March 10, 2017. The songs feature vocals from the film's ensemble cast including Emma Watson, Dan Stevens, Luke Evans, Kevin Kline, Josh Gad, Ewan McGregor, Stanley Tucci, Audra McDonald, Gugu Mbatha-Raw, Nathan Mack, Ian McKellen, and Emma Thompson.

This is a document about Beast (Beauty and the Beast)
  The Beast is a fictional character who appears in Walt Disney Animation Studios' 30th animated feature film Beauty and the Beast (1991), as well as in the film's two direct-to-video followups Beauty and the Beast: The Enchanted Christmas and Belle's Magical World. Based on the hero of the French fairy tale by Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont, the Beast was created by screenwriter Linda Woolverton and animated by Glen Keane. A pampered prince transformed into a hideous beast as punishment for his cold-hearted and selfish ways, the Beast must, in order to return to his former self, earn the love of a beautiful young woman named Belle who he imprisons in his castle. All this must be done before the last petal falls from the enchanted rose on his twenty-first birthday. In all animated film appearances, the Beast is voiced by American actor Robby Benson. The 1991 animated film was adapted into a Broadway musical in 1994, with the role being originated by American actor Terrence Mann. Dan Stevens portrays a live-action version of the character in the 2017 live-action adaptation of the original 1991 film.

This is a document about List of Disney's Beauty and the Beast characters
  as a patrol guard in the castle, and in the latter, he aids Sora in the brief fight against the Beast, under Xaldin's influence. He later plays a small role in the final battle against Xaldin. Cogsworth is played by Sir Ian McKellen in the live-action version of Beauty and the Beast. This version has a wife named Clothilde. In the ending, he is reunited with Clothilde after he transforms back into a human, much to his dismay. It is revealed that this version's first name is Henry. The 2017 live-action version of Cogsworth is older than the 1991 animated version.

This is a document about Luke Evans
  the same name by Liane Moriarty, which features Nicole Kidman in the lead role, alongside Melissa McCarthy, Michael Shannon, Samara Weaving, Asher Keddie, and Bobby Cannavale. Evans is also set to reprise his role as Gaston in an upcoming Beauty and the Beast prequel limited series for Disney+, in which he will co-star alongside Josh Gad (with the latter serving as co-creator, co-writer and executive producer). He is also set to play The Coachman in Robert Zemeckis' live-action film adaptation of Disney's Pinocchio, with Tom Hanks. Evans was awarded Man of the Year at the ninth annual Virgin Atlantic Attitude Awards.

This is a document about Beast (Beauty and the Beast)
  In March 2015, English actor Dan Stevens was cast as the Beast in a live-action adaptation of the film, which was released on March 17, 2017. The Beast was portrayed with a “more traditional motion capture puppeteering for the body and the physical orientation", where Stevens was "in a forty-pound gray suit on stilts for much of the film". The facial capture for the Beast was done separately order to "communicate the subtleties of the human face" and "[capture the] thought that occurs to him" which gets "through [to] the eyes, which are the last human element in the Beast.” The live-action portrayal closely follows the animated version, but with some differences. Unlike the

Dan Stevens plays the Beast in the 2017 live-action adaptation of "Beauty and the Beast."


Question: who is the current environmental minister of india

Answer: Dr. Harsh Vardhan

This is a document about Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
 Change". Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) is an Indian government ministry. The ministry portfolio is currently held by Dr. Harsh Vardhan, Union Minister of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. The ministry is responsible for planning, promoting, coordinating, and overseeing the implementation of environmental and forestry programmes in the country. The main activities undertaken by the ministry include conservation and survey of the flora of India and fauna of India, forests and other wilderness areas; prevention and control of pollution; afforestation, and land degradation mitigation. It is responsible for the

This is a document about List of Australian Government entities
 Minister of the Environment

This is a document about Ministry of Environment and Climate Change (Maharashtra)
  The Ministry of Environment is a ministry of the Government of Maharashtra. The ministry is responsible for promoting environmental issues in Maharashtra. The Ministry is headed by a cabinet level minister. Aaditya Thackeray is current Minister of Environment and Climate Change.

This is a document about Ricky Kej
  2018, Kej performed for the President of India – Shri Ram Nath Kovind, the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh – Yogi Adityanath, the incumbent minister of the [[Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change|Ministry of Science & Technology, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change and Ministry of Earth Sciences of India]] – Dr Harsh Vardhan, and several other dignitaries of the Indian government as a part of the Indian International Science Festival. Kej also performed at the spiritual headquarters of the Brahma Kumaris to over 10,000 Brahma Kumaris in Mount Abu, Rajasthan. Following this, he headed to Chennai to commemorate the 50th

This is a document about Anil Madhav Dave
  Anil Madhav Dave (6 July 1956 – 18 May 2017) was an Indian environmentalist and politician. A member of the Bharatiya Janata Party, he served as the Minister of State for Environment, Forest and Climate Change in the Narendra Modi ministry from July 2016 till the time of his death in May 2017.

This is a document about Bhagwan Mahaveer Sanctuary and Mollem National Park
  Union Minister of Forests and Environment Prakash Javadekar. They urged him to reconsider the approvals granted to the three projects that threatened the Bhagwan Mahaveer Wildlife Sanctuary and the Mollem National Park. By this time, the number of trees to be felled were pegged at 55,000. During the one day Goa Legislative Assembly session in July 2020, the Chief Minister of Goa, Pramod Sawant, who also holds the forest portfolio admitted that almost 70,000 trees would be cut down for the three projects. Later, a couple of days after the Assembly session, the Leader of Opposition, Digambar Kamat, wrote to the Central Empowered Committee (CEC) of the Supreme Court stating that he was not in favour of the “dubious forest clearances” given

This is a document about Minister of the Environment (Japan)
  The Minister of the Environment (環境大臣) is a member of the Cabinet of Japan and is the leader and chief executive officer of the Ministry of the Environment. The minister is nominated by the Prime Minister of Japan and is appointed by the Emperor of Japan. The current minister is Tsuyoshi Yamaguchi, who took office on 4 October 2021.

This is a document about National Ganga River Basin Authority
 1) Prime Minister of India, chair ; 2) Minister of Environment and Forests (Union Minister) ; 3) Minister of Finance ; 4) Minister of Urban Development ; 5) Minister of Water Resources ; 6) Minister of Power ; 7) Minister of Sciences and Technology ; 8) Chief Minister of Uttarakhand ; 9) Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh ; 10) Chief Minister of Bihar ; 11) Chief Minister of Jharkhand ; 12) Chief Minister of West Bengal ; 13) Ministry of Environment and Forests (state minister) ; 14) Ministry of Environment and Forests, secretary Members belonging to the government sector are as follows:

This is a document about Jairam Ramesh
  Minister (Additional Charge) of the new Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation. He was instrumental, as minister for environments and forests in 2011, in banning the use of bulls as performing animals. This then led to the ban of Jallikattu in Tamil Nadu in 2016. During his tenure, he falsely accused the villagers of Pithampur in Madhya Pradesh to secretly smuggle out toxic waste from Carbide factory and dump it. Later he had to apologise and also assured that he would not repeat such action and will take villagers in consultation. Currently, Jairam has been appointed as a member of a board which provides strategic policy advice to a

This is a document about Bhagwan Mahaveer Sanctuary and Mollem National Park
  the three projects. He lamented that the projects were being viewed in isolation, instead of as partof Goa's largest protected area. In October 2020, on a visit to Goa, Union Minister for Environment, Forest and Climate Change Prakash Javadekar said at a press conference that he wasn't aware about the opposition to the three controversial linear projects proposed in and around the protected forests at the Wildlife Sanctuary. He said that he had received no written objections to the projects, despite environmental activists and other various groups from the state sending the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change dozens of written representations digitally and by post. A few days later, Curtorim MLA Aleixo Reginaldo Lourenco sent a letter to the Ministry

This is a document about Noida
  Gautam Buddha Nagar (Lok Sabha) constituency. Minister of State for Culture and Tourism Mahesh Sharma is the present Lok Sabha MP of Gautam Buddha Nagar, while Pankaj Singh is the present MLA of Noida. Noida was ranked as the Best City in Uttar Pradesh and the Best City in Housing in all of India in "Best City Awards" conducted by ABP News in 2015. It is considered to be India's greenest city with nearly 50% green cover, the highest of any city in India. Noida is ranked cleanest city in medium category cities (3 lakhs to 10 lakhs population) and 4th cleanest city among cities with less than 1,000,000 people.

This is a document about List of environmental ministries
 Ministry of Ecology

This is a document about List of government ministers of the United Kingdom
 Minister of State for Environment and Countryside

This is a document about Gopal Rai
  Gopal Rai is the Minister for Environment, Forest & Wildlife, Development and General Administration in Government of Delhi under the leadership of Delhi Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal. He is also social activist and a member of the Political Affairs Committee of the Aam Aadmi Party.

This is a document about Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
  The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) is an Indian government ministry. This ministry is headed by Secretary Rank senior most IAS officer .The ministry portfolio is currently held by Bhupender Yadav, Union Minister of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. The ministry is responsible for planning, promoting, coordinating, and overseeing the implementation of environmental and forestry programmes in the country. The main activities undertaken by the ministry include conservation and survey of the flora of India and fauna of India, forests and other wilderness areas; prevention and control of pollution; afforestation, and land degradation mitigation. It is responsible for the administration of the 1947 national parks of India. The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change is the cadre controlling authority of the Indian Forest Service (IFS), one of the three All India Services.

This is a document about Aranmula International Airport
  to the environment" The Project met with opposition right from its initial stages from leaders of various streams of society including Poetess-cum-Environmentalist Sugathakumari and Politician V. M. Sudheeran, Hindu Ikya Vedi's Secretary Kummanam Rajasekharan. Allegations of discrepancies in awarding clearances through easy processes have been raised, adding to the project's controversies. The Communist Party of India leaders like P. Prasad a close aide of Medha Patkar was also in forefrunt of the struggle. They have approached National Green Tribunal against the clearance given by Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change to KGS Aranmula Airport Ltd to set up an airport. The Kerala State Biodiversity Board submitted a report to the government

This is a document about Minister for the Environment (Australia)
  The following individual has served as the Assistant Minister for the Environment.

This is a document about 1980 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election
  Press, News Print Control, Hill Tribes and Bonded Labour and Employment Training. 17. THIRU R. SOUNDARARAJAN, Minister for Nutritious Meals:-Minister in charge ofNutritious Meals. 18. THIRU S.R. ERADHA, Minister for Environmental Pollution control.-Minister in charge of Environmental Pollution Control. 19. THIRU M.R. GOVENDAN, Minister for Backward classes.-Minister in charge ofBackward Classes. 20. THIRUMATHI GOMATHI SRINIVASAN, Minister for Social Welfare.-Minister incharge of Social Welfare including women and Children Welfare, Animal Husbandry, Beggers Home, Orphanages, Indian Overseas, Refugees and Evacuees and Correctional Administration. 21. THIRUMATHI VIJAYALAKSHMI PALANISAMY, Minister for Khadi.-Minister incharge of Khadi. 22. THIRU Y. S. M. YUSUF, Minister for

This is a document about Minister of Environment and Water (Malaysia)
  The following individuals have been appointed as Minister of Environment, or any of its precedent titles: Political Party:

This is a document about Minister for the Environment (Australia)
  The Australian Minister for the Environment is The Hon. Sussan Ley MP since May 2019. Prime Minister Scott Morrison announced in August 2018 that the Environment and Energy portfolios would be separated in the Cabinet reshuffle. Melissa Price was appointed as Minister of the Environment, and Angus Taylor was appointed as Minister for Energy on 28 August 2018, by the Governor-General. In the Government of Australia, the minister and assistant minister are responsible for the protection and conservation of the environment; to ensure that Australia benefits from meteorological and related sciences and services; and to see that Australia's interests in Antarctica are advanced. The minister provides direction and oversight of the Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment (previously the Department of the Environment and Energy, and before that the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities) to develop and implement national policy, programs and legislation to protect and conserve Australia's environment and heritage. On 26 May 2019 Morrison announced that Sussan Ley would lead the environment portfolio as Minister for the Environment in the 46th Parliament of Australia and the new Cabinet of the Morrison Government, replacing Price as incumbent minister.

The current environmental minister of India is Dr. Harsh Vardhan.


Question: who was the last person hanged in england

Answer: 1964

This is a document about Capital punishment in the United Kingdom
 Capital punishment in the United Kingdom Capital punishment in the United Kingdom was used from ancient times until the second half of the 20th century. The last executions in the United Kingdom were by hanging, and took place in 1964, prior to :capital punishment being abolished for murder (in 1965 in Great Britain and in 1973 in Northern Ireland). Although unused, the death penalty remained a legally defined punishment for certain offences such as treason until it was completely abolished in 1998. In 2004 the 13th Protocol to the European Convention on Human Rights became binding on the United Kingdom,

This is a document about Fremantle Prison
 Fremantle Prison came under local control in 1886, a refractory block with gallows was planned. It was completed in 1888, and first used in 1889 to execute a convicted murderer, Jimmy Long, a Malayan. The gallows room was the only lawful place of execution in Western Australia between 1888 and 1984. At least 43 men and one woman were hanged in this period. Martha Rendell was the only woman to be hanged at the prison, in 1909. The last person to be hanged was serial killer Eric Edgar Cooke, executed in 1964. From the day of sentencing to death, prisoners

This is a document about Fremantle Cemetery
 man and became a deputy premier. He had the first state funeral in Western Australia for 40 years when he died in 1937. William Dalgety Moore built a number of important local buildings. The next person is an escapologist: Moondyne Joe escaped capture a number of times and died in a lunatic asylum. Brian William Robinson was the last, but one, person to be hanged for murder in 1964. James Lilly was a businessman who poisoned himself. Fred Instone was a businessman and Fremantle councillor. Civil engineer C Y O'Connor was driven to suicide by unfounded speculation about his integrity.

This is a document about Fiskerton, Nottinghamshire
 The mill ceased working some time in the last quarter of the 19th century. Only the roundhouse now remains. Richard Thomas Parker, who murdered his mother in Fiskerton in 1864, was the last person to be publicly hanged in Nottingham. The village of Fiskerton is also known in Evangelical Christian circles as the homeplace of Henri and Connie Staples, who lived there from 1964 to 2000 and regularly held 'revival meetings' in the Methodist Chapel. Residential development occurred within Fiskerton between 1960 and 2000s, including the "Green Drive" area in 2002, which gave the village a permanent open space known

This is a document about HM Prison Manchester
 that of twenty-year-old murderer Michael Johnson, who was hanged by William Calcraft on 29 March 1869. Twenty-nine hangings took place over the next twenty years and 71 took place in the 20th century, bringing the total number to 100. During the second half of the century, the number of executions decreased, with no hangings between 1954 and 28 November 1962, when James Smith was executed. John Robson Walby (alias Gwynne Owen Evans), one of the last two people to be hanged in England, was executed here on 13 August 1964. Out of the 100 hangings, four were double hangings, while

This is a document about Harry Allen (executioner)
 in December 1961, when he hanged Robert McGladdery at Crumlin Road Gaol in Belfast. He also performed the last hanging in Scotland, when Henry Burnett was hanged at Craiginches Prison in Aberdeen, on 15 August 1963 for the murder of Thomas Guyan, and hanged Russell Pascoe – one of the third-last prisoners to be hanged in a British prison – at Bristol's Horfield Prison on 17 December in the same year. He also performed one of the two final executions in the UK, when at 8.00 am on 13 August 1964 Gwynne Owen Evans was hanged at Strangeways Prison in

This is a document about Forgery Act 1830
  In 1812, William Booth was the last person to be hanged for forgery in England. A public outcry at the harshness of his sentence resulted in the death penalty in England and Wales being reserved for capital crimes, making Booth the last person in England hanged for a non-capital crime.

This is a document about Hanging
  for all crimes in both civilian and military cases. Following its complete abolition, the gallows were removed from Wandsworth Prison, where they remained in full working order until that year. The last woman to be hanged was Ruth Ellis on 13 July 1955, by Albert Pierrepoint who was a prominent hangman in the 20th century in England. The last hanging in Britain took place in 1964, when Peter Anthony Allen, at Walton Prison in Liverpool, and Gwynne Owen Evans, at Strangeways Prison in Manchester were executed for the murder of John Alan West. Hanging was also the method used in many colonies and overseas territories.

This is a document about Hanging
  As a form of judicial execution in England, hanging is thought to date from the Anglo-Saxon period. Records of the names of British hangmen begin with Thomas de Warblynton in the 1360s; complete records extend from the 16th century to the last hangmen, Robert Leslie Stewart and Harry Allen, who conducted the last British executions in 1964. Until 1868 hangings were performed in public. In London, the traditional site was at Tyburn, a settlement west of the City on the main road to Oxford, which was used on eight hanging days a year, though before 1865, executions had been transferred to the street outside Newgate Prison,

This is a document about Capital punishment in the United Kingdom
  bestiality, the last known execution for bestiality in England. ; 27 November 1835: James Pratt and John Smith were hanged in front of Newgate Prison for sodomy, the last known execution for sodomy in England. ; 14 June 1856: William Palmer, now believed to have been a serial killer, was hanged at HM Prison Stafford for the murder of John Cook. ; 9 August 1856: Elizabeth Martha Brown was the last woman to be hanged in public in the English county of Dorset; her hanging is notable in part because it influenced Thomas Hardy, an eyewitness, in his portrayal of the execution of the fictional heroine of Tess of the

This is a document about List of people who were executed
  last person hanged in California ; Arthur Lucas (d. 1962) one of the last two criminals to be hanged in Canada ; Harry Pierpont (d. 1934) ; Guenther Podola (d. 1959) last person hanged in UK for killing a policeman ; Tommy Lynn Sells (d. 2014) ; Laurence Shirley, 4th Earl Ferrers (d. 1760) ; Charles Starkweather (d. 1959) ; Mamoru Takuma (d. 2004) ; Edith Thompson (d. 1923) ; Karla Faye Tucker (d. 1998) ; Ronald Turpin (d. 1962) one of the last two criminals to be hanged in Canada ; Jerry White (d. 1995) ; Stanley Williams (d. 2005) ; Aileen Wuornos (d. 2002) ; Edmund Zagorski (d. 2018)

This is a document about Frances Kidder
  Frances Kidder (c. 1843 – 2 April 1868) was the last woman to be publicly hanged in Britain. She was convicted of murdering her stepdaughter, Louisa Kidder-Staples.

This is a document about Capital punishment in the United Kingdom
  the last man to be publicly beheaded in Britain, at Tower Hill. ; 26 April 1748: Thomas Kingsmill, one of the leaders of the Hawkhurst Gang, was hanged at Tyburn and then gibbeted for smuggling ; 11 May 1748: Arthur Gray, leader of the Hawkhurst Gang, was hanged at Tyburn and then gibbeted for smuggling and the murder of a customs officer. ; 3 October 1750: James MacLaine, 'The Gentleman Highwayman', was hanged at Tyburn, London. ; 21 June 1751: Alexander Geddes was hanged at Gallows Hill in Aberdeen for bestiality, the last known execution for bestiality in Scotland. ; 14 March 1757: John Byng became the only British admiral executed, by firing squad by the Royal Navy. His crime

This is a document about Capital punishment in the United Kingdom
  in Newry. ; 4 April 1962: James Hanratty was hanged at Bedford after a controversial rape–murder trial. In 2002, Hanratty's body was exhumed and the Court of Appeal upheld his conviction after Hanratty's DNA was linked to crime scene samples. ; 15 August 1963: Henry Burnett was hanged aged 21 at Craiginches Prison in Aberdeen for the murder of seaman Thomas Guyan, the last hanging in Scotland. ; 13 August 1964: Peter Anthony Allen was hanged at Walton Prison in Liverpool, and Gwynne Owen Evans at Strangeways Prison in Manchester, for the murder of John Alan West. They were the last people executed in Britain.

This is a document about Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex
  of England, works which favoured a Catholic successor friendly to Spain. Knollys denied hearing Cecil make the statement. Thanking God again, Cecil expressed his gratitude that Essex was exposed as a traitor while he himself was found an honest man. Essex was found guilty and, on 25 February 1601, was beheaded on Tower Green, the last person to be beheaded in the Tower of London. It was reported to have taken three strokes by the executioner Thomas Derrick to complete the beheading. Previously Thomas Derrick had been convicted of rape but had been pardoned by the Earl of Essex himself (clearing him of the death penalty) on the condition

This is a document about Harry Allen (executioner)
  at Crumlin Road Gaol in Belfast. He also performed the last hanging in Scotland, when Henry Burnett was hanged at Craiginches Prison in Aberdeen on 15 August 1963 for the murder of Thomas Guyan. He hanged Russell Pascoe, one of the third-last prisoners to be hanged in a British prison, at Bristol's Horfield Prison on 17 December in the same year. He also performed one of the two final executions in the UK, when at 8.00 am on 13 August 1964 Gwynne Owen Evans was hanged at Strangeways Prison in Manchester for the murder of John Alan West. This occurred simultaneously with the execution of Evans's accomplice Peter Anthony Allen,

This is a document about William Calcraft
  as well, such as at Reading Gaol. During his tenure of office the Capital Punishment Amendment Act 1868 was passed, requiring that all executions must be conducted in private. Calcraft carried out the last public execution in Britain on 26 May 1868, when he hanged the Fenian Michael Barrett in front of Newgate Prison for his part in the Clerkenwell Outrage. Calcraft also carried out the first private execution in Britain under the new law. Eighteen-year-old Thomas Wells, who had been convicted of the murder of his superior Edward Walshe, the stationmaster at Dover Priory railway station, was hanged on

This is a document about Jane Wenham (alleged witch)
  According to the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Jane Wenham was the last person convicted of witchcraft in England. However, trials and executions for witchcraft continued in England after the Wenham case. One such case involved Mary Hickes and her nine-year-old daughter Elizabeth, who were condemned to death by the Assize Court and were hanged in Huntingdon on Saturday 28 July 1716.

This is a document about Murder of Thomas Bates
  Grey was executed by hanging on the gallows at Winson Green Prison on Tuesday, 20 November 1962 by Harry Allen and his assistant. He was the last person executed there, and in the city. In attendance were prison governor John Richards and prison doctor Dr. P.M. Costa, plus eight uniformed officers and plain-clothed detectives.

This is a document about Clayton, West Yorkshire
  Clayton was the birthplace and home of Albert Pierrepoint, Great Britain's last state executioner, he held the position until 1956. His father Henry Albert Pierrepoint, born in Clayton in 1876, was also a state executioner. Abe Waddington was born in Clayton on 4 February 1893 and was a bowler in the English cricket team from 1920 to 1921. Albert Pierrepoint was not Britain's last hangman. He retired from this position in 1956, while capital punishment continued until 1965. There was no single "Last Hangman", as the last two executions were carried out simultaneously, at 0800hrs, on 13 August 1964. The executioners were Harry Allen and Robert Leslie Stewart.

The last person hanged in England was Eric Edgar Cooke in 1964.


Question: how many hungry jack 's stores in australia

Answer: over 390

This is a document about Hungry Jack's
 Hungry Jack's Hungry Jack's Pty Ltd is an Australian fast food franchise of Burger King Corporation. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Competitive Foods Australia, a privately held company owned by Jack Cowin. Hungry Jack’s owns and operates or sub-licences all of the Burger King/Hungry Jack's restaurants in Australia. As the master franchise for the country, the company is responsible for licensing new operators, opening its own stores and performing standards oversight of franchised locations in that country. With over 390 locations across Australia, Hungry Jack's is the second largest franchise of Burger King in the world (second to

This is a document about Hungry Jack's
  name "Hungry Jack's". The first Australian franchise of Burger King Corporation was established in Innaloo, Perth, on 18 April 1971, under the auspices of Cowin's new company Hungry Jack's Pty Ltd. By the end of its first decade of operation in the 1970s, Hungry Jack's had expanded to 26 stores in three states. In October 1981, the company opened its first New South Wales store in the Sydney central business district on the corner of Liverpool and George Street. In 1986, the chain entered Victoria by purchasing 11 stores from the ailing Wendy's Hamburger chain, later converting them to Hungry Jack's.

This is a document about Competitive Foods Australia
  Hungry Jack's is the exclusive Australian master franchisee of Burger King Corporation. Competitive Foods Australia owns over 400 Hungry Jack's stores. When Burger King decided to expand its operations into Australia, it found that its business name was already trademarked by a man running a small takeaway food shop in Adelaide. Thus, Burger King was forced to change the name when it decided to open stores in the country – the only time this has happened in its corporate history. Burger King provided the Australian franchisee, Jack Cowin, with a list of possible alternative names that the Australian Burger King restaurants could be branded as. The names were derived from pre-existing trademarks

This is a document about Hungry Jack's
  Hungry Jack's Pty Ltd. is an Australian fast food franchise of the Burger King Corporation. It is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Competitive Foods Australia, a privately held company owned by Jack Cowin. Hungry Jack's owns and operates or sub-licences all of the Burger King/Hungry Jack's restaurants in Australia. As the master franchise for Australia, the company is responsible for licensing new operators, opening its own stores and performing standards oversight of franchised locations in Australia. With over 400 locations across Australia, Hungry Jack's is the second-largest franchise of Burger King in the world (second to Carrols Corporation).

This is a document about Burger King Corporation v Hungry Jack's Pty Ltd
  Hungry Jack's became the Australian franchisee of Burger King in 1971, and by 1996 it was the largest franchisee outside the United States, operating 150 restaurants directly and a further 18 through third-party franchisees. From the 1980s onwards, Burger King had increased its interest in the operations of Hungry Jack's, leading to a number of disputes which prompted alterations to the franchise agreements in 1986, 1989, and again late in 1990 with the completion of four new agreements relating to different aspects of Hungry Jack's activities. One of these four agreements was the Development Agreement, clause 2.1 of which required Hungry Jack's to open four new stores each year in Western Australia, South Australia and Queensland either directly

This is a document about List of countries with Burger King franchises
   When Burger King moved to expand its operations into Australia, it found that its business name was already trademarked by a takeaway food shop in Adelaide. The Canadian-Australian franchisee, Jack Cowin, selected the "Hungry Jack" brand name, one of then Burger King's owner Pillsbury's U.S. pancake mixture products, and slightly changed the name to a possessive form by adding an apostrophe and "s" to form the new name "Hungry Jack's". In 1996, shortly after the Australian trademark on the Burger King name lapsed, Burger King began to open its own Australian stores in 1997. As a result of Burger King's actions, Hungry Jack's owner Jack Cowin and his company Competitive Foods Australia, began legal proceedings in 2001 against the Burger King Corporation. Hungry Jack's won the case, and Burger King eventually left the country. Hungry Jack's took ownership of the former Burger King locations and subsequently renamed the remaining Burger King locations as Hungry Jack's. As of June 2019, Burger King had 83 stores operating in New Zealand. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Burger King went into receivership in April 2020.

This is a document about BK XXL
 In the UK and Ireland it is called the BK XL. ; In Australia where the Hungry Jack's brand name is used instead of BK, the XL range is available in three sizes; XL (two patties), XXL (three patties) and XXXL (four patties.)

This is a document about Burger King franchises
  is responsible for licensing new operators, opening its own stores and performing standards oversight of franchised locations in Australia. As the end of Burger King's 2012 fiscal year, Hungry Jack's is the largest Asian/Pacific franchisee of the chain with 347 restaurants either directly owned by parent company Hungry Jack's Pty or through third party licensees. After the expiration of the trademark in the late 1990s, Burger King unsuccessfully tried to introduce the brand to the continent. After losing a lawsuit filed against it by Hungry Jack's ownership, the company ceded the territory to its franchisee. Hungry Jack's is now the only Burger King brand in Australia; Cowin's company Hungry Jack's PTY is the master franchise and thus is now responsible for oversight of the operations that country with Burger King only providing administrative and advertising support to ensure a common marketing scheme for the company and its products.

This is a document about List of supermarket chains in Oceania
 Aldi Australia ; Bernadi's Fresh Format supermarket chain with 5 stores in Central West NSW. ; Big Save Supermarkets (Western Australia only) Consists of 1 Store: High Wycombe. Stores in Midland Centrepoint, Victoria Park, Bunbury, Warnbro Centre, Mirrabooka Square, Kwinana Marketplace and Wanneroo have since closed. ; Costco (Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia and Victoria ; Drakes Supermarkets (South Australia and Queensland) ; Farmer Jack's Supermarkets (11 location's in WA) ; Festival City, food wholesaler (South Australia, only) ; Fishers (Victoria and Mount Gambier only) ; Foodland IGA Supermarkets (South Australia, NT and Broken Hill) ; Freshplus ; Fresh &

This is a document about Meeting point
 Brisbane - Hungry Jack's on Queen Street Mall. ; Melbourne - "Under the Clocks" at Flinders Street station ; Adelaide - "Malls Balls" at Rundle Mall ; Sydney - "Town Hall Steps" at Sydney Town Hall

This is a document about Fast food restaurant
  Australia's fast food market began in 1968, with the opening of several American franchises including McDonald's and KFC. Pizza Hut was introduced in April 1970, and Burger King followed. However, the Burger King market found that this name was already a registered trademark to a takeaway food shop in Adelaide. Thus, the Burger King Australian market was forced to pick another name, selecting the Hungry Jack's brand name. Prior to this, the Australian fast food market consisted primarily of privately owned take-away shops.

This is a document about Competitive Foods Australia
  registered by Burger King and its then corporate parent Pillsbury. Cowin selected the "Hungry Jack" brand name, one of Pillsbury's US pancake mixture products, and slightly changing the name to a possessive form by adding an apostrophe 's' thus forming the new name Hungry Jack's. Accordingly, the first Australian franchise of the Burger King Corporation, established in Perth in 1971, was branded as Hungry Jack's. Hungry Jack's currently owns and operates or sub-licenses all of the Hungry Jack's and Burger King restaurants in Australia. As the master franchise for the continent, the company is responsible for licensing new operators, opening its own stores and performing standards oversight of franchised locations in Australia.

This is a document about Burger King franchises
  Master franchise: Hungry Jack's Pty. Australia is the only country in which Burger King does not operate under its own name. When the company set about establishing operations there in 1971, it found that its business name was already trademarked by a takeaway food shop in Adelaide. As a result, Burger King provided the Australian master franchisee, Jack Cowin, with a list of possible alternative names derived from pre-existing trademarks already registered by Burger King and its then corporate parent Pillsbury, that could be used to name the Australian restaurants. Cowin selected the "Hungry Jack" brand name, one of Pillsbury's US pancake mixture products, and slightly changed the name to a possessive form by adding an apostrophe "s" forming the new name Hungry Jack's. Hungry Jack's currently owns and operates or sub-licenses all of the Hungry Jack's restaurants in Australia. As the master franchise for the continent, the

This is a document about Hungry Jack's
  Corporation in partnership with Shell Australia, began to open its own stores in 1997 beginning in Sydney and throughout the Australian regions of New South Wales, Australian Capital Territory, Victoria and Tasmania. In addition, Burger King sought to limit HJ's ability to open new locations in the country, whether they were corporate locations or third-party licensees. As a result of Burger King's actions, Hungry Jack's owner Jack Cowin and his company Competitive Foods Australia, began legal proceedings in 2001 against the Burger King Corporation, claiming Burger King Corporation had violated the conditions of the master franchising agreement and was in breach of the contract. The Supreme Court of New

This is a document about Burger King
  ownership, the company ceded the territory to its franchisee. Hungry Jack's is now the only Burger King brand in Australia; Cowin's company Hungry Jack's Pty Ltd. is the master franchise and thus is now responsible for oversight of the operations that country with Burger King only providing administrative and advertising support to ensure a common marketing scheme for the company and its products. Over a 10-year period starting in 2008, Burger King predicted 80 percent of its market share would be driven by foreign expansion, particularly in the Asia-Pacific and Indian subcontinent regional markets. While the TPG-led group continued BK's international expansion by announcing plans to open new franchise locations in

This is a document about Burger King legal issues
  When Burger King moved to expand its operations into Australia in the early 1970s, its business name was already trademarked by a takeaway food shop in Adelaide. As a result, Burger King provided the Australian franchisee, Jack Cowin, with a list of possible alternative names derived from pre-existing trademarks already registered by Burger King and its then corporate parent Pillsbury that could be used to name the Australian restaurants. Cowin selected the Hungry Jack brand name, one of Pillsbury's US pancake mixture products, and slightly changed the name to the possessive form, Hungry Jack's. The first Australian franchise of Burger King Corporation was established in Perth in 1971, under the auspices of

This is a document about Hungry Jack's
  as to ensure a common marketing scheme for the company and its products. Trans-Pacific Foods transferred its control of the Burger King franchises to Hungry Jack's Pty Ltd., which subsequently renamed the remaining Burger King locations as "Hungry Jack's," joining the other 210 outlets at the time. Many new Hungry Jack's restaurants have a 1950s theme. Music from this era may be played within the restaurant (occasionally through a '50s-style jukebox) with associated contemporary pictures and memorabilia utilized as part of the decor. In the larger sit-down style restaurants, the seats and tables are laid out in a 1950s diner style. In the 2009-2010 financial year, Competitive Foods Australia reported an after-tax profit of $32.1 million on sales of $1.043 billion.

This is a document about Australian Fast Foods Pty Limited
  Australian Fast Foods Pty Limited was an Australian fast food company that owned the Red Rooster and Chicken Treat restaurant chains. In 2007 the company was reorganised into Quick Service Restaurant Holdings, now Craveable Brands. The company was based in Balcatta, Western Australia and employed 6,956 people. As owner of Red Rooster and Chicken Treat it was the joint fifth largest fast food operator in Australia after McDonald's, KFC, Hungry Jack's and Subway, with 450 outlets.

This is a document about Burger King franchises
  new third party operators, and performing standards oversight of all restaurant locations in these countries; one of the larger examples of a master franchise is Hungry Jack's, which oversees over 300 restaurants in Australia. The 2011 purchase of the company by 3G Capital led to a change in how the company interacts with its franchises. The new owners moved to settle any disagreements with its franchises while initiating a sale of the majority of corporate locations with the goal of becoming an exclusive franchisor. The company also entered into several new franchise agreements that will allow it to dramatically expand its presence in several new markets including the BRIC nations. Additionally the company moved to establish new master franchise agreements in several regions while realigning its operations in several markets.

Hungry Jack's operates over 390 stores in Australia.